阅读说明：本技术 一种刀头与刀杆复合减振的内冷式车刀 (Tool bit and cutter arbor combined vibration reduction inner-cooling type lathe tool ) 是由 舒盛荣 刘乐平 李慧敏 陈炫 于 2021-09-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种刀头与刀杆复合减振的内冷式车刀,包括刀头、刀杆、刀片、刀垫、喷嘴,刀头的前端设有刀片安装槽,刀垫内设有阶梯型的刀垫凹槽,刀垫凹槽内设有刀头减振装置,刀头减振装置包括刀垫阻尼块、第二质量块、刀垫挡板和刀垫弹簧,刀垫阻尼块、第二质量块、刀垫挡板在刀垫凹槽中由里到外依次设置,刀垫弹簧设于刀垫阻尼块的外侧,刀杆的前端开设有空心腔体,空心腔体内装有刀杆减振装置,刀杆减振装置包括阻尼块及第一质量块,第一质量块及空心腔体之间的间隙部位填充有阻尼剂；刀杆及刀头内开设有冷却液流道,刀头及刀杆内的冷却液流道通过冷却液管进行连接。本发明能够提升减振效果,同时实现切削区域的冷却、润滑及排屑的作用。(The invention discloses an inner-cooling type turning tool with a tool bit and a tool bar subjected to composite vibration reduction, which comprises a tool bit, a tool bar, a blade, a tool pad and a nozzle, wherein the front end of the tool bit is provided with a blade mounting groove, a stepped tool pad groove is formed in the tool pad, a tool bit vibration reduction device is arranged in the tool pad groove and comprises a tool pad damping block, a second mass block, a tool pad baffle and a tool pad spring, the tool pad damping block, the second mass block and the tool pad baffle are sequentially arranged in the tool pad groove from inside to outside, the tool pad spring is arranged on the outer side of the tool pad damping block, the front end of the tool bit is provided with a hollow cavity, the tool bit vibration reduction device is arranged in the hollow cavity and comprises a damping block and a first mass block, and a gap part between the first mass block and the hollow cavity is filled with a damping agent; coolant flow channels are arranged in the cutter bar and the cutter head, and the coolant flow channels in the cutter head and the cutter bar are connected through coolant pipes. The invention can improve the vibration damping effect and simultaneously realize the cooling, lubricating and chip removal functions of the cutting area.)

1. The tool bit and tool bar composite vibration reduction internal cooling type turning tool is characterized by comprising a tool bit, a tool bar, a blade, a tool pad and a nozzle, wherein the tool bit is connected with the tool bar, and the nozzle is arranged on the tool bit;

the front end of the cutter head is provided with a blade mounting groove, the cutter pad and the blade are mounted in the blade mounting groove through a central pin, a stepped cutter pad groove is formed in the cutter pad, a cutter head vibration damper is arranged in the cutter pad groove and comprises a cutter pad damping block, a second mass block, a cutter pad baffle and a cutter pad spring, the cutter pad damping block, the second mass block and the cutter pad baffle are sequentially arranged in the cutter pad groove from inside to outside, the cutter pad spring is arranged on the outer side of the cutter pad damping block, and one end of the cutter pad baffle protrudes out of the bottom surface of the cutter pad and is embedded in the blade mounting groove;

a cylindrical hollow cavity is formed in the front end of the cutter bar, a first groove is formed in the bottom of the hollow cavity, one end of the cooling liquid pipe is inserted into the first groove, a cutter bar vibration damping device is arranged in the hollow cavity and comprises a damping block and a first mass block, the first mass block and the damping block are respectively sleeved on the cooling liquid pipe, the damping block is arranged at two ends of the first mass block, and a damping agent is filled in a gap between the first mass block and the hollow cavity;

the cutter arbor reaches it has the coolant liquid runner to open in the tool bit, the rear end of tool bit is equipped with the second recess, the other end of coolant liquid pipe inserts the second recess, and through the coolant liquid runner in the tool bit with the nozzle is connected.

2. The tool bit and tool holder composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool according to claim 1, wherein a sealing ring is arranged on the first mass block.

3. The tool bit and tool holder composite vibration damping internal cooling lathe tool according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing plate, wherein the tool pad and the blade are mounted in the blade mounting groove through a center pin and clamped by the pressing plate.

4. The tool bit and tool holder composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool according to claim 1, wherein the first mass block and the second mass block are made of metal tungsten or an alloy thereof.

5. The tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping inner-cooling type turning tool according to claim 1, wherein the damping block is made of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber or silica gel.

6. The tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool according to claim 1, wherein the mass block and the damping block are sleeved on the cooling liquid pipe in an interference fit manner.

7. The tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool according to claim 1, wherein the damping agent is dimethyl silicon oil.

8. The tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the tool bit vibration damping devices is even, and the tool bit vibration damping devices are symmetrically distributed on the tool pad.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of turning tools, in particular to an inner-cooling turning tool with a tool bit and a tool bar for composite vibration reduction.

Background

In cutting, the surface quality of a machined workpiece is greatly influenced due to cutting vibration and overheating, and particularly in inner circle and deep hole machining, due to the fact that the overhang amount of a cutter bar is large in cutting, vibration is easily generated in cutting, cutting precision is reduced, and the rejection rate of the workpiece is increased. In order to reduce cutting vibration and improve the machining precision of products, active vibration reduction, semi-active vibration reduction and passive vibration reduction are mainly applied at present, wherein the active vibration reduction and the semi-active vibration reduction have higher maintenance cost and higher requirements on equipment. At present, the passive vibration damping mode is mainly to realize vibration damping by adding a vibration damping device in the axial direction of a cutter arbor, but the passive vibration damping mode of only adding the vibration damping device on the cutter arbor is single, and an effective vibration damping effect is probably difficult to achieve.

Meanwhile, in the inner circle and deep hole machining, the cutting temperature is too high due to the fact that cutting heat is difficult to conduct, and generated chips are prone to secondary cutting if not discharged in time, so that the service life of a cutter and the surface quality of a workpiece are reduced, and therefore cutting heat conduction and chip discharge need to be achieved through an effective method.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an inner-cooling type turning tool with a tool bit and a tool bar subjected to composite vibration reduction, so that the vibration reduction effect is improved, and the cooling, lubricating and chip removal effects of a cutting area are realized.

An inner-cooling type turning tool with a tool bit and a tool bar for composite vibration reduction comprises the tool bit, the tool bar, a blade, a tool pad and a nozzle, wherein the tool bit is connected with the tool bar, and the nozzle is arranged on the tool bit;

the front end of the cutter head is provided with a blade mounting groove, the cutter pad and the blade are mounted in the blade mounting groove through a central pin, a stepped cutter pad groove is formed in the cutter pad, a cutter head vibration damper is arranged in the cutter pad groove and comprises a cutter pad damping block, a second mass block, a cutter pad baffle and a cutter pad spring, the cutter pad damping block, the second mass block and the cutter pad baffle are sequentially arranged in the cutter pad groove from inside to outside, the cutter pad spring is arranged on the outer side of the cutter pad damping block, and one end of the cutter pad baffle protrudes out of the bottom surface of the cutter pad and is embedded in the blade mounting groove;

a cylindrical hollow cavity is formed in the front end of the cutter bar, a first groove is formed in the bottom of the hollow cavity, one end of the cooling liquid pipe is inserted into the first groove, a cutter bar vibration damping device is arranged in the hollow cavity and comprises a damping block and a first mass block, the first mass block and the damping block are respectively sleeved on the cooling liquid pipe, the damping block is arranged at two ends of the first mass block, and a damping agent is filled in a gap between the first mass block and the hollow cavity;

the cutter arbor reaches it has the coolant liquid runner to open in the tool bit, the rear end of tool bit is equipped with the second recess, the other end of coolant liquid pipe inserts the second recess, and through the coolant liquid runner in the tool bit with the nozzle is connected.

According to the tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping inner-cooling type turning tool provided by the invention, through the tool bit vibration damping device and the tool bar vibration damping device, the vibration reduction effect is realized in the tool bit and the tool bar, when vibration is transmitted to the tool bit in the machining process, the shim spring and the shim damping block in the tool bit vibration reduction device drive the second mass block to perform reciprocating deformation motion to consume a part of energy so as to play a vibration reduction role, the first mass block is added in the cutter bar to reduce the vibration amplitude of the cutter bar, and when the vibration in the cutter bar is transmitted to the damping block and the first mass block, the damping block pushes the first mass block to reciprocate to consume a part of energy, and the damping agent in the tool bar generates internal friction in the reciprocating motion of the first mass block and the damping block, can further consume some energy, play the damping effect, compare prior art, can effectively promote the damping effect. In addition, a cooling liquid channel is arranged in the cutter head and the cutter bar, and a cooling agent with certain pressure passes through the cooling liquid channel and the cooling liquid pipe and is sprayed out through the nozzle to play the roles of cooling, lubricating and chip removal.

In addition, the tool bit and tool bar composite vibration damping inner-cooling type turning tool provided by the invention can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

further, a sealing ring is arranged on the first mass block.

Furthermore, the inner-cooling lathe tool further comprises a pressing plate, the tool pad and the blade are mounted in the blade mounting groove through a central pin, and are clamped by the pressing plate.

Further, the first mass block and the second mass block adopt metal tungsten or alloy thereof.

Furthermore, the damping block is made of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber or silica gel.

Further, the mass block and the damping block are sleeved on the cooling liquid pipe in an interference fit mode.

Further, the damping agent is dimethyl silicone oil.

Furthermore, the number of the tool bit vibration reduction devices is even, and the tool bit vibration reduction devices are symmetrically distributed on the tool pad.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a tool bit and tool bar combined vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded view of a tool bit and tool holder composite vibration damping internal cooling lathe tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first mass block, the damping block, the sealing ring and the cooling liquid pipe;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cutter bar;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a shim;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shim and a bit damping device;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of a shim baffle;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the tool tip.

Wherein: 1. a cutter head; 11. a blade mounting groove; 111. a second groove; 112. a first groove; 2. a cutter bar; 21. a coolant tube; 22. a first mass block; 23. a damping block; 24. a seal ring; 25. a hollow cavity; 26. a damping agent; 211. a cutter bar cooling liquid flow passage; 212, a tool tip coolant channel; 3. a blade; 4. a shim; 41. a shim recess; 411. a shim spring; 412. a shim damping block; 413. a second mass block; 414. a shim baffle; 415. a shim screw; 5. pressing a plate; 51. a stud; 6. a center pin; 7. and (4) a nozzle.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," and the like are for illustrative purposes only and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must be in a particular orientation, constructed or operated in a particular manner, and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tool bit and tool holder composite vibration damping internal cooling type turning tool, including: the cutter head 1, the cutter bar 2, the blade 3, the shim 4, the pressure plate 5, the center pin 6 and the nozzle 7.

The cutter head 1 is connected with the cutter rod 2, and the nozzle 7 is arranged on the cutter head 1.

The front end of the cutter bar 2 is provided with a cylindrical hollow cavity 25, and the bottom of the hollow cavity 25 is provided with a first groove 112. One end of the coolant pipe 21 is inserted into the first recess 112 and connected to a coolant flow passage in the tool holder 2, and then connected to a coolant supply device (not shown).

A cutter bar vibration damping device is arranged in the hollow cavity 25 and comprises a first mass block 22 and a damping block 23. The first mass block 22 and the damping block 23 are sleeved on the cooling liquid pipe 21 in an interference fit manner. A damping agent 26 is filled in a gap portion between the mass block 22 and the hollow cavity 25.

The first mass 22 is provided with a sealing ring 24, and the sealing ring 24 is mainly arranged to prevent the damping agent 26 from leaking.

The other end of the cooling liquid pipe 21 is inserted into the second groove 111 at the rear end of the cutter head 1 and is connected with the nozzle 7 through a cooling liquid channel in the cutter head 1. The cutter bar 2 and the cutter head 1 are assembled through internal and external threads, and meanwhile the cutter head 1 also plays a role in fastening the cutter bar vibration reduction device during assembly.

Two damping blocks 23 in the cutter bar vibration damping device are respectively arranged at two ends of the first mass block 22, and the damping blocks 23 are made of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber or silica gel.

The damping agent 26 is a material with a good damping effect, such as dimethyl silicone oil.

Blade mounting groove 11 has been seted up to tool bit 1 front end, shim 4 reaches blade 3 install through central pin 6 in blade mounting groove 11, and by clamp plate 5 presss from both sides tightly, and clamp plate 5 is fixed through stud 51.

Be provided with notch cuttype's shim recess 41 in shim 4, be equipped with tool bit vibration damper in the shim recess 41, tool bit vibration damper includes shim spring 411, shim damping piece 412, second quality piece 413 and shim baffle 414, and shim damping piece 412, second quality piece 413 and shim baffle 414 are in set gradually by inside to outside in the shim recess 41, the outside of shim damping piece 412 is equipped with shim spring 411, the one end of shim baffle 414 is outstanding the bottom surface and the embedding of shim 4 in the blade mounting groove 11. The second mass 413 is embodied as a cylindrical mass. The shim guard 414 is positioned by shim screws 415 during installation.

The first mass 22 and the second mass 413 are both made of a dense metal material, such as metal tungsten or an alloy thereof.

It should be noted that in actual use, one or more bit damping devices may be provided as needed to provide damping. Preferably, in the invention, an even number of tool bit vibration dampers, for example 2, are symmetrically distributed on the diagonal line of the shim 4, so that the vibration damping effect of the tool bit part can be effectively increased.

In the invention, when the cutter bar is used for vibration reduction, the first mass block 22 is added to increase the weight of the cutter bar 2, so that the vibration amplitude of the cutter can be reduced, meanwhile, when vibration is transmitted to the damping block 23 to generate compression and recovery, so that the first mass block 22 is driven to move back and forth, the deformation of the damping block 23 and the friction generated between the damping block 23 and the body of the cutter bar 2 as well as between the first mass block 22 and the body of the cutter bar 2 consume a part of energy, and the movement of the first mass block 22 causes the damping agent 26 to generate internal friction to consume a part of energy, so that an effective vibration reduction effect is achieved.

In the present invention, when the tool bit 1 is subjected to vibration reduction, the tool bit vibration reduction device is provided in the shim 4 to reduce the vibration. In the vibration reduction process, vibration transmitted into the shim 4 through the blade 3 drives the cylindrical second mass block 413 to form certain impact on the shim baffle 414 through a shim spring 411 and a shim damping block 412 arranged in the shim 4 so as to consume a part of energy, and meanwhile, friction is generated between the motion of the second mass block 413 and the wall surface of the shim groove 41 so as to consume vibration energy, so that an effective tool bit vibration reduction effect is achieved.

The cutter head 1 is provided with a nozzle 7 for cooling liquid, and the shape of the nozzle 7 is not limited to one, and may be various forms such as a cylindrical nozzle, a flat nozzle, a pointed nozzle, and the like.

The cutter head 1 and the cutter bar 2 are both provided with cooling liquid flow channels, the cutter head and the cooling liquid flow channels in the cutter bar are connected through the cooling liquid pipe 21, cooling liquid flows into the cutter bar cooling liquid flow channel 211 from the tail part of the cutter bar 2, flows into the cooling liquid pipe 21 from the cutter bar cooling liquid flow channel 211, flows into the cutter head cooling liquid flow channel 212 from the cooling liquid pipe 21, and is finally sprayed out through the nozzle 7. When spray cooling or high-pressure jet cooling is carried out, the functions of chip breaking, chip blowing and chip removal assisting are also achieved.

According to the internal cooling type lathe tool with the combined vibration reduction function of the tool bit and the tool bar, the vibration reduction effect is achieved in the tool bit and the tool bar through the tool bit vibration reduction device and the tool bar vibration reduction device, when vibration is transmitted to the tool bit in the machining process, the tool pad spring and the tool pad damping block in the tool bit vibration reduction device drive the second mass block to do reciprocating deformation motion to consume a part of energy, the vibration reduction effect is achieved, the first mass block is added into the tool bar to reduce the vibration amplitude of the tool bar, meanwhile, when the vibration in the tool bar is transmitted to the damping block and the first mass block, the damping block pushes the first mass block to do reciprocating motion to consume a part of energy, the damping agent in the tool bar generates internal friction in the reciprocating motion of the first mass block and the damping block, a part of energy can be further consumed, the vibration reduction effect is achieved, and compared with the prior art, the vibration reduction effect can be effectively improved. In addition, a cooling liquid channel is arranged in the cutter head and the cutter bar, and a cooling agent with certain pressure passes through the cooling liquid channel and the cooling liquid pipe and is sprayed out through the nozzle to play the roles of cooling, lubricating and chip removal.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.