阅读说明：本技术 一种低能耗钾钙镁磷肥的生产方法 (Production method of low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer ) 是由 王仁宗 左大学 于 2021-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种低能耗钾钙镁磷肥的生产方法,包括如下步骤：将低品位磷矿与霞石、长石按质量比100：20～40：10～30混合,再加入占低品位磷矿与霞石、长石总重量4～5％的焦炭或无烟煤和焦炭混合物,混合均匀得混合物料；将上述混合物料放入高炉内,900～1000℃温度下焙烧30～60分钟,制得烧结熟料；将上述烧结熟料进行水淬,烧结熟料在1～20秒内温度降至80～110℃之间,水淬后的烧结熟料经沥水、干燥、破碎和粉磨制得优质钙镁磷肥。本发明钙镁磷肥生产工艺使用原料少,焙烧温度低,时间短,工艺简单,可操作性强；产品质量稳定,有效成分转化率高,提高作物产量；充分利用低品位磷矿石,延长矿山服务年限,提高经济效益。(The invention relates to a production method of a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 20-40: 10-30, adding coke or a mixture of anthracite and coke, which accounts for 4-5% of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; placing the mixed material into a blast furnace, and roasting at 900-1000 ℃ for 30-60 minutes to prepare sintered clinker; and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker, reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 80-110 ℃ within 1-20 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the high-quality calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. The production process of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer has the advantages of less used raw materials, low roasting temperature, short time, simple process and strong operability; the product quality is stable, the conversion rate of the effective components is high, and the crop yield is improved; the low-grade phosphate ore is fully utilized, the service life of the mine is prolonged, and the economic benefit is improved.)

1. A production method of a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps: 1) mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 20-40: 10-30, adding coke or a mixture of anthracite and coke, which accounts for 4-5% of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step 1 into a blast furnace, and roasting at 900-1000 ℃ for 30-60 minutes to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 80-110 ℃ within 1-20 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer.

2. The method for producing a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-grade phosphate ore is P in raw ore₂O₅The content is lower than 18 percent, the MgO content is 1 to 5 percent, and the silicate content is more than 20 percent; or P₂O₅The content of the phosphorite flotation tailings is 8 to 15 percent.

3. The method for producing a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the particle size of the mixed material powder is 60-150 meshes.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemical production, relates to a fertilizer production method, and particularly relates to a production method of a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer.

Background

The calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer contains various nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, silicon, iron, aluminum and the like required by crops, has the advantages of less water and soil loss after application, no environmental pollution, no land block, soil improvement and the like, and particularly, the dosage of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is rapidly increased due to the development and application of a coated fertilizer technology taking the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer as a base material in recent years.

The existing method for producing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer by blast furnace adopts phosphate rock, dolomite and serpentine as raw materials, adopts coke and coal as fuel, and has the production process that: crushing the raw materials, lifting the crushed raw materials into a blast furnace, blowing and smelting in the blast furnace, performing high-pressure water quenching to obtain a semi-finished product, and reproducing the semi-finished product to obtain the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. The process has the following disadvantages: large fixed investment, high production cost, complex process, low conversion rate of phosphorus in the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, large energy consumption and high pollution.

The phosphorite required by the production of the high-concentration phosphate fertilizer can be obtained by directly using rich phosphorite and also can be obtained by flotation of medium-low-grade phosphorite and high-magnesium phosphorite, along with the rapid development of the high-concentration phosphate fertilizer industry, the mining of enterprises generally has the action of adopting rich phosphorus and abandoning poor phosphorus, so that the low-grade phosphorite is greatly wasted, and the waste of phosphorite resources is caused, therefore, the method has great significance on how to expand the utilization range of the phosphorus resources in the current situation that the phosphorus resources are gradually deficient.

Chinese patent document CN101747090 (application No. 200910218353.8) discloses a method for preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer by utilizing phosphorite flotation tailings in a blast furnace process, Chinese patent document CN101747091 (application No. 200910218354.2) discloses a method for preparing calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer by taking phosphorite flotation tailings as raw materials in a cyclone furnace process, and the two patent documents are both mixed with phosphorite tailings to obtain dry base P₂O₅The raw material of phosphorite with the weight ratio of more than or equal to 13 percent is roasted with silica, serpentine and coke (or coal powder) to prepare the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

The prior production methods of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer all have the following defects: the temperature is high (1350-1450 ℃) during roasting, the energy consumption is high, and the complexity of the process is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the production method of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, which has the advantages of low roasting temperature, low energy consumption and simple process, and opens up a new way for the comprehensive utilization of the resources of low-grade phosphate ores.

The scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a production method of a low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer comprises the following steps: 1) mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 20-40: 10-30, adding coke or a mixture of anthracite and coke, which accounts for 4-5% of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step 1 into a blast furnace, and roasting at 900-1000 ℃ for 30-60 minutes to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 80-110 ℃ within 1-20 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the high-silicon calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

The low-grade phosphate ore is P in raw ore₂O₅The content is lower than 18 percent, the MgO content is 1 to 5 percent, and the silicate content is more than 20 percent; or P₂O₅The content of the phosphorite flotation tailings is 8 to 15 percent.

The particle size of the mixed material powder is 60-150 meshes.

The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. according to the production method of the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer, the roasting temperature is only 900-1000 ℃, the roasting time is 30-60 minutes, the roasting temperature is 1350-1450 ℃, the roasting time is 60-150 minutes, the temperature is low, the time is short, the energy consumption is low, and the process is simple.

2. The method disclosed by the invention utilizes low-grade phosphorite with low economic value and phosphorite flotation tailings causing environmental pollution, prolongs the service life of the mine, makes a contribution to environmental protection and improves the economic benefit.

4. The field test shows that: the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer produced by the method can improve the crop yield by 10-20%.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the specific examples.

Example 1

1) Mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 20: 10, mixing, adding coke which accounts for 5 percent of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, the nepheline and the feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, wherein the powder granularity of the mixed material is 60 meshes; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step 1 into a blast furnace, and roasting for 30 minutes at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 80 ℃ within 20 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer. The field test shows that: can improve the crop yield by 10 percent.

Example 2

1) Mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 40: 30, adding a mixture of anthracite and coke which accounts for 4.7 percent of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, the nepheline and the feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, wherein the anthracite and the coke are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; the granularity of the mixed material powder is 100 meshes; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step 1 into a blast furnace, and roasting at 970 ℃ for 40 minutes to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 110 ℃ within 1 second, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer. The field test shows that: can improve the crop yield by 14 percent.

Example 3

1) Mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 28: 18, adding coke accounting for 4.3 percent of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, the nepheline and the feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, wherein the powder granularity of the mixed material is 150 meshes; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step 1 into a blast furnace, and roasting for 50 minutes at 950 ℃ to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 100 ℃ within 10 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer. The field test shows that: can improve the crop yield by 18 percent.

Example 4

1) Mixing low-grade phosphate ore, nepheline and feldspar according to the mass ratio of 100: 35: 25, adding coke accounting for 4 percent of the total weight of the low-grade phosphate ore, the nepheline and the feldspar, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed material, wherein the powder granularity of the mixed material is 80 meshes; 2) placing the mixed material prepared in the step (1) into a blast furnace, and roasting at 900 ℃ for 60 minutes to prepare sintered clinker; 3) and (3) performing water quenching on the sintered clinker prepared in the step (2), reducing the temperature of the sintered clinker to 90 ℃ within 15 seconds, and draining, drying, crushing and grinding the water-quenched sintered clinker to obtain the low-energy-consumption potassium-calcium-magnesium-phosphate fertilizer. The field test shows that: can improve the crop yield by 20 percent.