阅读说明：本技术 果蔬垃圾和餐厨垃圾生产有机肥的系统 (System for producing organic fertilizer by using fruit and vegetable garbage and kitchen garbage ) 是由 李建民 许静 王杨 王少安 杨飞 于 2021-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于垃圾处理技术领域,尤其涉及一种果蔬垃圾和餐厨垃圾生产有机肥的系统,其包括入料机,入料机内设有活动盖板,入料机下端连接有用于破解垃圾袋的破解装置和用于分离垃圾袋的风选机,还包括筛分机,所述筛分机下端设置有发酵制肥装置,筛分机出料口连接有粉碎机,粉碎机出料口连接发酵制肥装置,所述发酵制肥装置包括发酵池和具有密封功能的漏料装置；所述筛分机包括中空管,中空管两端部分别通过管道连接有清洗系统和消毒杀菌系统。本发明具有自动拆解垃圾袋自动化程度高、环保的特点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a system for producing organic fertilizer by using fruit and vegetable garbage and kitchen garbage, which comprises a feeding machine, wherein a movable cover plate is arranged in the feeding machine, the lower end of the feeding machine is connected with a cracking device for cracking garbage bags and a winnowing machine for separating the garbage bags, and the system also comprises a screening machine, the lower end of the screening machine is provided with a fermentation fertilizer making device, the discharge hole of the screening machine is connected with a crushing machine, the discharge hole of the crushing machine is connected with the fermentation fertilizer making device, and the fermentation fertilizer making device comprises a fermentation tank and a material leaking device with a sealing function; the screening machine comprises a hollow tube, and two ends of the hollow tube are respectively connected with a cleaning system and a disinfection and sterilization system through pipelines. The automatic garbage bag disassembling machine has the characteristics of high automation degree and environmental protection.)

1. The utility model provides a system for fruit vegetables rubbish and kitchen garbage production fertilizer, includes material feeding machine (1), is equipped with removable cover (3), its characterized in that in material feeding machine (1): the lower end of the feeding machine (1) is connected with a cracking device (6) for cracking the garbage bags and a winnowing machine (4) for separating the garbage bags, the garbage bag cracking machine further comprises a screening machine (2), the lower end of the screening machine (2) is provided with a fermentation fertilizer making device (22), a discharge port of the screening machine (2) is connected with a crushing machine (8), a discharge port of the crushing machine (8) is connected with the fermentation fertilizer making device (22), and the fermentation fertilizer making device (22) comprises a fermentation tank and a material leaking device (11) with a sealing function;

the material leaking device (11) comprises an obliquely arranged material leaking plate (27), an elastic U-shaped support (28) arranged at the lower part of the material leaking plate (27) and a second hydraulic cylinder (29) with two ends respectively hinged to the fermentation tank and the U-shaped support (28), a rectangular hole (30) is formed in the material leaking plate (27), and a rectangular sealing piece (31) is arranged on the U-shaped support (28); a discharge port at the side end of the material leaking plate (27) is connected with the crusher (8) in a feeding way;

the screening machine (2) comprises a reciprocating driving device (12) and a screening body (13) connected with the reciprocating driving device, a plurality of hollow pipes (14) are arranged on the screening body (13), a part of each hollow pipe (14) located inside the screening machine (2) is horizontally provided with a through hole (18), two ends of each hollow pipe (14) extend out of the screening machine (2) and are in single-degree-of-freedom sliding connection with the screening machine (2), a steel wire screen (15) is woven on each hollow pipe (14), and two end parts of each hollow pipe (14) are respectively connected with a cleaning system (16) and a disinfection and sterilization system (17) through pipelines.

2. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: cracking device (6) include with the lateral wall sliding connection's of material machine (1) L board (7), L board (7) lower extreme is equipped with rack and pinion mechanism (41), and L board (7) upper end is equipped with pipe fitting (9) of arranging in order, is equipped with member (10) in pipe fitting (9), and member (10) one end is equipped with elastic steel board (38), another section of member (10) is equipped with forces member (10) gliding push pedal (40) in pipe fitting (9), push pedal (40) sliding connection is in L board (7), and push pedal (40) still are connected with cylinder (39), cylinder (39) fixed connection is in L board (7), cracking device (6) are equipped with two at least and crisscross the setting.

3. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the cleaning system (16) comprises a water supply branch pipe (19) arranged at one end of the hollow pipe (14) and a high-pressure water supply device (20) connected with the water supply branch pipe (19), wherein a first electromagnetic valve (21) is arranged between the water supply branch pipe (19) and the high-pressure water supply device (20), and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a central control box.

4. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: the disinfection and sterilization system (17) comprises an air supply branch pipe (23) arranged at the other end of the hollow pipe (14), the air supply branch pipe (23) is connected with a mist-sensor device (24), a second electromagnetic valve (25) is arranged between the air supply branch pipe (23) and the mist-sensor device (24), and the second electromagnetic valve (25) is electrically connected with the central control box.

5. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that: and the air supply branch pipe (23) is provided with a one-way valve (26), and the one-way valve (26) is positioned at an air outlet of the air supply branch pipe (23).

6. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable waste and the kitchen waste as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the hollow pipe (14) is woven with a steel wire screen (15) through a perforation (18), and a gap of 1-2mm is reserved between the steel wire of the steel wire screen (15) and the perforation (18).

7. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the end part of the elastic steel plate (38) is provided with a barb.

8. The system for producing the organic fertilizer by using the fruit and vegetable wastes and the kitchen wastes as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: reciprocating drive device (12) include first pneumatic cylinder (32), U type member (33) and be used for connecting hinge (34) of first pneumatic cylinder (32) and U type member (33), U type member (33) upper portion is equipped with elliptical trough (35), is equipped with back shaft (36) in elliptical trough (35), and back shaft (36) both ends are equipped with fixing base (37), still including setting up in spring (5) of hollow tube (14) the other end.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and particularly relates to a system for producing organic fertilizer by using fruit and vegetable garbage and kitchen garbage.

Background

As is known, daily generation of household garbage of people in China is measured by tons, and in order to maintain our environment, various garbage disposal equipment is recently developed, for example, the Chinese patent is named as a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by utilizing kitchen garbage, and the invention patent with the publication number of CN113308429A is a typical one, but at least the following problems exist in the existing garbage disposal equipment: firstly, the kitchen and toilet garbage bags need to be disassembled manually to meet the subsequent treatment requirement, the manual operation is still needed in the existing medium and large garbage treatment stations, and the intelligent conversion process is severely restricted; secondly, the existing garbage disposal equipment cannot automatically clean, sterilize and disinfect after being used up.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a system for producing organic fertilizer by using fruit and vegetable garbage and kitchen garbage, which has the characteristics of high automation degree and environmental protection in automatic garbage bag disassembly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a system for producing organic fertilizer from fruit and vegetable waste and kitchen waste comprises a feeding machine, wherein a movable cover plate is arranged in the feeding machine, the lower end of the feeding machine is connected with a breaking device for breaking garbage bags and a winnowing machine for separating the garbage bags, and the system further comprises a screening machine, a fermentation fertilizer making device is arranged at the lower end of the screening machine, a discharge port of the screening machine is connected with a crushing machine, a discharge port of the crushing machine is connected with the fermentation fertilizer making device, and the fermentation fertilizer making device comprises a fermentation tank and a material leaking device with a sealing function;

the material leaking device comprises an obliquely arranged material leaking plate, an elastic U-shaped support arranged at the lower part of the material leaking plate and a second hydraulic cylinder, wherein two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the fermentation tank and the U-shaped support; a discharge port at the side end of the material leaking plate is connected with the feeding of the crusher;

the screening machine comprises a reciprocating driving device and a screen body connected with the reciprocating driving device, a plurality of hollow pipes are arranged on the screen body, a part of each hollow pipe, which is located inside the screening machine, is horizontally provided with a through hole, two ends of each hollow pipe extend out of the screening machine and are in single-degree-of-freedom sliding connection with the screening machine, steel wire screen meshes are woven on the hollow pipes, and two ends of each hollow pipe are respectively connected with a cleaning system and a disinfection system through pipelines.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the cracking device comprises an L plate which is connected with the side wall of the feeding machine in a sliding mode, a rack and pinion mechanism is arranged at the lower end of the L plate, the upper end of the L plate is provided with a pipe fitting which is arranged in an array mode, a rod piece is arranged in the pipe fitting, one end of the rod piece is provided with an elastic steel plate, the other section of the rod piece is provided with a push plate which forces the rod piece to slide in the pipe fitting, the push plate is connected to the L plate in a sliding mode and is further connected with a cylinder, the cylinder is fixedly connected to the L plate, and the cracking device is at least provided with two L plates which are arranged in a staggered mode.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the cleaning system comprises a water supply branch pipe arranged at one end of the hollow pipe and a high-pressure water supply device connected with the water supply branch pipe, wherein a first electromagnetic valve is arranged between the water supply branch pipe and the high-pressure water supply device, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a central control box.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the disinfection and sterilization system comprises an air supply branch pipe arranged at the other end of the hollow pipe, the air supply branch pipe is connected with a miston device, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged between the air supply branch pipe and the miston device, and the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the central control box.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the gas supply branch pipe is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve is positioned at the gas outlet of the gas supply branch pipe.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the hollow pipe is woven with a steel wire screen through perforation, and a gap of 1-2mm is reserved between the steel wire of the steel wire screen and the perforation.

The preferred scheme is as follows: the end part of the elastic steel plate is provided with a barb.

The preferred scheme is as follows: reciprocating drive device includes first pneumatic cylinder, U type member and is used for connecting the hinge of first pneumatic cylinder and U type member, U type member upper portion is equipped with the elliptical trough, is equipped with the back shaft in the elliptical trough, and the back shaft both ends are equipped with the fixing base, still including setting up in the spring of the hollow tube other end

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention is provided with the cracking device to replace manual disassembly, thereby greatly providing automation and intellectualization of the garbage disposal equipment.

2. The invention can effectively breed bacteria in the garbage treatment equipment by automatically sterilizing and disinfecting the garbage treatment equipment and has the environment-friendly effect on the air at the location of the equipment.

Other advantages of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the following embodiments.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

figure 2 is a schematic view of a screening machine;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a material leaking state of the material leaking device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reciprocating drive arrangement;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cracking device;

in the figure: 1. feeding a material machine; 2. screening machine; 3. a removable cover plate; 4. a winnowing machine; 5. a spring; 6. a cracking device; 7. an L plate; 8. a pulverizer; 9. a pipe fitting; 10. a rod member; 11. a material leaking device; 12. a reciprocating drive device; 13. a screen body; 14. a hollow tube; 15. a steel wire screen; 16. cleaning the system; 17. a disinfection and sterilization system; 18. perforating; 19. a water supply branch pipe; 20. a high pressure water supply device; 21. a first solenoid valve; 22. a fermentation fertilizer making device; 23. a gas supply branch pipe; 24. a misten device; 25. a second solenoid valve; 26. a one-way valve; 27. a material leaking plate; 28. a U-shaped bracket; 29. a second hydraulic cylinder; 30. a rectangular hole; 31. a rectangular seal; 32. a first hydraulic cylinder; 33. a U-shaped rod member; 34. a hinge; 35. an elliptical trough; 36. a support shaft; 37. a fixed seat; 38. an elastic steel plate; 39. a cylinder; 40. pushing the plate; 41. a rack and pinion mechanism.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-5, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a system for producing organic fertilizer from fruit and vegetable waste and kitchen waste comprises a feeding machine 11, wherein the lower end of the feeding machine 11 is connected with a cracking device 6 for cracking garbage bags and a winnowing machine 4 for separating the garbage bags, the system also comprises a screening machine 2, the lower end of the screening machine 2 is provided with a fermentation fertilizer making device 22, a discharge port of the screening machine 2 is connected with a crushing machine 8, a discharge port of the crushing machine 8 is connected with the fermentation fertilizer making device 22, and the fermentation fertilizer making device 22 comprises a fermentation tank and a material leaking device 11 with a sealing function; the material leaking device 11 comprises an obliquely arranged material leaking plate 27, an elastic U-shaped support 28 arranged at the lower part of the material leaking plate 27 and a second hydraulic cylinder 29, wherein two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 29 are respectively hinged to the fermentation tank and the U-shaped support 28, a rectangular hole 30 is formed in the material leaking plate 27, and a rectangular sealing piece 31 is arranged on the U-shaped support 28; the discharge hole at the side end of the material leaking plate 27 is connected with the crusher 8 in a feeding way; the screening machine 2 comprises a reciprocating driving device 12 and a screening body 13 connected with the reciprocating driving device, a plurality of hollow pipes 14 are arranged on the screening body 13, a part of each hollow pipe 14, which is located inside the screening machine 2, is horizontally provided with a through hole 18, two ends of each hollow pipe 14 extend out of the screening machine 2 and are in single-degree-of-freedom sliding connection with the screening machine 2, a steel wire screen 15 is woven on each hollow pipe 14, and two ends of each hollow pipe 14 are respectively connected with a cleaning system 16 and a disinfection and sterilization system 17 through pipelines.

The working principle is as follows: dumping domestic garbage including fruits and vegetables, kitchens and livestock and poultry as the material inlet machine 11, closing the inlet of the material inlet machine 11, naturally falling the domestic garbage after entering the material inlet machine 11 onto the screen body 13, driving the L-shaped plates 7 by the gear and rack mechanism 41 to enable the relative distances of the two L-shaped plates 7 to be close, driving the push plate 40, the rod member 10 and the elastic steel plate 38 by the air cylinder 39 in sequence, enabling the elastic steel plate 38 to be inserted into the garbage bag, enabling the two pairs of elastic steel plates 38 to be inserted into the garbage bag and then reset by the gear and rack mechanism 41, driving the rod member 10 to reset by the air cylinder 39, tearing and pulling the garbage by the two pairs of elastic steel plates 38 to different directions to enable the garbage bag to be torn, and then scattering the kitchen garbage in the garbage bag on the screen body 13. After the reset is completed, the winnowing machine 4 separates garbage bags and other garbage such as plastics, wood and the like, the kitchen garbage in the garbage bags is screened on the screen body 13, the small garbage enters the fermentation tank, and the large garbage enters the fermentation tank after being crushed by the crusher 8. Cleaning and disinfection require perforations 18 to be provided in the hollow tube 14, preferably, perforations 18 are provided horizontally in the portion of the hollow tube 14 located inside the screening machine 2, the wire mesh 15 is braided with steel wires through the perforations 18 on the hollow tube 14, and a gap of 0.5-1mm is left between the steel wires of the wire mesh 15 and the perforations 18. The cleaning and disinfectant liquid outlet holes are utilized to the through holes 18 of the steel wires, so that the processing quantity of the holes is reduced, the manufacturing cost and the processing difficulty are reduced, and the cleaning liquid can be sprayed out from the through holes 18 through which the steel wires penetrate, thereby being beneficial to cleaning the garbage at dead corners. Washing and disinfecting must not hinder the fermentation in the fermentation vat, still guarantee the sealed of fermentation process in guaranteeing rubbish such as kitchen guarding carries out the fermentation vat, avoid washing liquid and antiseptic solution to flow into the fermentation vat, this process by material leaking device 11 dress accomplishes, specifically, when needs collect rubbish, second pneumatic cylinder 29 is in the contraction state, and rectangle sealing member 31 and the separation of rectangular hole 30 are used for leaking the material this moment, and when needs sealed fermentation, second pneumatic cylinder 29 stretches out and makes U type support 28 and material leaking plate 27 be close to, finally lets rectangle sealing member 31 and rectangular hole 30 laminating accomplish sealed.

In the above solution, the cleaning system 16 and the disinfection and sterilization system 17 may specifically adopt the following solutions: the cleaning system 16 comprises a water supply branch pipe 19 arranged at one end of the hollow pipe 14 and a high-pressure water supply device 20 connected with the water supply branch pipe 19, wherein a first electromagnetic valve 21 is arranged between the water supply branch pipe 19 and the high-pressure water supply device 20, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a central control box. The disinfection and sterilization system 17 comprises an air supply branch pipe 23 arranged at the other end of the hollow pipe 14, the air supply branch pipe 23 is connected with a miston device 24, a second electromagnetic valve 25 is arranged between the air supply branch pipe 23 and the miston device 24, and the second electromagnetic valve 25 is electrically connected with the central control box. The cleaning system 16 and the disinfection and sterilization system 17 are respectively connected into a whole through the hollow pipe 14 which is provided with the water supply branch pipe 19 and the air supply branch pipe 23 and arranged on the screen body 13, so that the steel wire mesh, the hollow pipe 14 and the screen body 13 are convenient to clean, the structure is reasonable, and the occupied space is small.

Preferably, the gas supply branch pipe 23 is provided with a check valve 26, and the check valve 26 is located at the gas outlet of the gas supply branch pipe 23. The one-way valve 26 is arranged to effectively prevent the cleaning liquid from being metered into the atomization system to influence the atomization effect,

the reciprocating drive device 12 according to the present invention is preferably provided as follows: the reciprocating driving device 12 comprises a first hydraulic cylinder 32, a U-shaped rod 33 and a hinge 34 for connecting the first hydraulic cylinder 32 and the U-shaped rod 33, an elliptical groove 35 is formed in the upper portion of the U-shaped rod 33, a supporting shaft 36 is arranged in the elliptical groove 35, fixing seats 37 are arranged at two ends of the supporting shaft 36, and the reciprocating driving device further comprises a spring 5 arranged at the other end of the hollow pipe 14. The reciprocating driving device 12 of the invention can be externally arranged for convenient maintenance, and can be excessively connected with the hollow pipe 14 of the sieve body 13 by the water supply branch pipe 19, and the structure design is ingenious. Meanwhile, the U-shaped rod 33 can amplify the thrust of the first hydraulic cylinder 32, and the driving requirement of the reciprocating motion of the heavy screen body 13 with garbage is met.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.