阅读说明：本技术 一种ｕ型渡槽桁架式全钢模板施工方法 (U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork construction method ) 是由 闫志勇 袁小军 刘祥喜 莫开生 钟爱华 马轲 莫大源 覃宏春 旷星星 黄文基 雷 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种U型渡槽桁架式全钢模板施工方法,该方法所用的模板包括钢底板、支撑架、外侧模、底模和内模；所述钢底板设在底部,支撑架搭设在钢底板的上方,支撑架上方设有底模,底模位于整个渡槽模板底部的中间位置,用于连接两侧对称设置的外侧模,所述外侧模内侧面为贴合U型渡槽的弧形,外侧面为垂直内侧设置支撑柱；所述内模设在外侧模上方,内模与外侧模之间设有钢筋笼,内模和外侧模间形成U型渡槽浇筑腔体；内模为U型结构,内模上设有多个浇筑孔。本方法采用的模板解决渡槽钢筋砼一次成型施工,稳定的结构既保证渡槽的成型断面,合理设置浇灌孔使渡槽过流面光滑平整；整体的桁架结构不设置穿砼对拉钢筋,解决了穿砼对拉筋导致渡槽过流渗漏腐蚀的隐患。(The invention discloses a U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel template construction method, wherein a template used in the method comprises a steel bottom plate, a support frame, an outer side die, a bottom die and an inner die; the steel bottom plate is arranged at the bottom, the support frame is erected above the steel bottom plate, a bottom die is arranged above the support frame, the bottom die is located in the middle of the bottom of the whole aqueduct template and used for being connected with outer side dies symmetrically arranged on two sides, the inner side surface of each outer side die is an arc shape attached to the U-shaped aqueduct, and the outer side surface of each outer side die is vertical to the inner side and is provided with a support column; the inner die is arranged above the outer die, a reinforcement cage is arranged between the inner die and the outer die, and a U-shaped aqueduct pouring cavity is formed between the inner die and the outer die; the centre form is U type structure, is equipped with a plurality of holes of pouring on the centre form. The template adopted by the method solves the problem of one-step molding construction of the reinforced concrete of the aqueduct, the stable structure not only ensures the molding section of the aqueduct, but also reasonably arranges the pouring holes to ensure the smooth and flat flow surface of the aqueduct; the integral truss structure is not provided with the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars, so that the hidden trouble that the aqueducts are overflowed, leaked and corroded due to the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars is solved.)

1. A U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork construction method is characterized in that: the template used by the construction method comprises a steel bottom plate, a support frame, an outer side die, a bottom die and an inner die; the steel bottom plate is arranged at the bottom, the support frame is erected above the steel bottom plate, a bottom die is arranged above the support frame, the bottom die is located in the middle of the bottom of the whole aqueduct template and used for being connected with outer side dies symmetrically arranged on two sides, the inner side surface of each outer side die is an arc shape attached to the U-shaped aqueduct, and the outer side surface of each outer side die is vertical to the inner side and is provided with a support column; the inner die is arranged above the outer die, a reinforcement cage is arranged between the inner die and the outer die, and a U-shaped aqueduct pouring cavity is formed between the inner die and the outer die; the inner die is of a U-shaped structure, a plurality of construction holes are formed in the inner die, a plurality of upright posts A are vertically arranged at the top of the inner die, a plurality of rows of transverse posts A vertical to the upright posts A are further arranged on the upright posts A, and bolt holes for connecting two templates are respectively formed in the outer die and the two ends of the inner die;

the specific construction method comprises the following steps:

s1: before the aqueduct construction, an excavator or a loader is arranged on site to level the ground, and the ground flatness is not obvious

After the concave-convex part is displayed, a steel bottom plate is placed at the bottom of the corresponding support frame by a crane;

s2: measuring a central axis of the aqueduct, erecting a support frame according to the position of the axis, arranging a jacking on the top of the support frame for adjusting the height, and arranging continuous square steel on the jacking along the longitudinal direction of the aqueduct;

s3: firstly hoisting a bottom die at one end of the aqueduct by using a crane, quickly splicing the rest bottom dies after measuring and controlling the left-right distance, starting to hoist the outer side template after the bottom die is installed, inserting an iron pin into a corresponding template bolt hole after the outer side template is hoisted in place, putting down a whole outer side die, fixing two adjacent templates by using a bolt when one template is hoisted, polishing and derusting and coating a release agent after the installation of the bottom plate and the outer side template is finished, and integrally hoisting the reinforcement cage by using the crane and putting the reinforcement cage into the aqueduct;

s4: after the inner mold and the inner mold supporting frame are connected and fixed on the ground, the releasing agent is coated on all the inner molds, the upper aqueducts are hoisted in blocks by using a crane, the left side and the right side of the tops of the aqueducts are simultaneously inserted into reserved bolt holes of the outer mold and the inner mold by using iron pins, the inner molds can be put down by using the crane, and the adjacent mold plates are fixed by using bolts;

s5: pumping and pouring by using a concrete pump truck, firstly pouring end ribs at two ends of the aqueduct, pouring by sections and steps, after the end ribs are poured, pouring sequentially from a lower construction hole, an upper construction hole and the top of the aqueduct of the tank body inner mold, vibrating by using a vibrating bar in time at each pouring position, and covering a hinge cover plate and fastening by using a bolt in time when pouring of the multifunctional hole is finished;

s6: the inner mold can be detached after the concrete of the tank body is poured and finally set, the outer mold can be detached when the strength of the concrete of the tank body reaches 70%, the crane is firstly adopted to stabilize the template when the outer mold is detached, then all the fixing bolts are detached, the height of the jacking support is adjusted downwards, and the outer template can be lifted off; and when the strength of the concrete reaches 100%, removing the bottom die by using a method for removing the outer side die.

2. The construction method of the U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the manufacturing and installation of the reinforcement cage are as follows: the aqueduct is put into in the both ends of steel reinforcement cage for the rib reinforcing bar passes through behind the weld forming, directly with hoist and mount, and other reinforcing bars are direct at the aqueduct ligature, and the installation is according to the order ligature welding in proper order of the horizontal pitch arc reinforcing bar of bottom, the vertical reinforcing bar of bottom, surface course pitch arc reinforcing bar, the vertical reinforcing bar of surface course, and bottom, surface course reinforcing bar pass through phi 10 reinforcing bar and draw, and aqueduct steel bar joint adopts the electric welding to connect, and steel bar welding connects the distribution that staggers.

3. The construction method of the U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the construction ports of the internal mold are arranged in a quincunx shape, the row spacing of the pouring holes is 0.8-1.0m, the hole spacing is 1.8-2.0m, and the size of the hole opening is 0.3-0.5m x 0.3-0.5 m.

4. The construction method of the U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer side mold supporting column is a transverse column B which is transversely arranged to support the inner side face of the outer side mold and is provided with a stand column B which is vertical to the transverse column B.

5. The construction method of the U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and the upright columns B are connected with the cross columns A at the topmost row of the inner die through buckles.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method of a U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel template.

Background

The aqueduct is an overhead water conveying building for conveying water flow of a channel to cross a canal, a road, a mountain stroke and the like, and is one of the most widely applied cross buildings in the hydraulic engineering buildings of an irrigation area. In the traditional construction process of the aqueduct, a great amount of manpower, material resources and capital are needed, and meanwhile, the construction progress is extremely slow. The section line type of the U-shaped aqueduct is formed by combining an arc line and a straight line, the structure line type is complex, the span is large, and the wall of the aqueduct is thinner.

The existing construction method is to pour the whole aqueduct by stages by adopting a wooden template. The general process is as follows: the structure of the bottom 1/3 section is cast by a vertical die, the middle 1/3 section is cast by the vertical die, and the 1/3 section at the top is cast by the vertical die. The process enables four stage pouring seams to exist in the whole aqueduct in the horizontal direction, and the different stage concrete joint surfaces of the four seams are prone to water seepage due to construction defects. In addition, the shrinkage deformation of two concrete joint surfaces in different periods is asynchronous due to different age periods of the concrete, and the concrete generates vertical shrinkage cracks along the vertical direction of the horizontal seams, and the seams are often through cracks, so that the water seepage is serious and the treatment is difficult. The existing wood mold process needs to adopt the pin bolt to fix the inner side mold and the outer side mold of the aqueduct, so that a plurality of bolt holes are generated on the wall of the aqueduct, and the bolt holes are also a place where water is often leaked from the wall of the aqueduct. Secondly, in the traditional process, the inner and outer templates are fixed by pulling bolts in a mode of penetrating through the groove bodies on the two sides of the aqueduct, and pull holes are left on the groove bodies on the two sides after the templates are removed, so that potential safety hazards such as later-stage reinforcement corrosion, water leakage and the like are easily caused. When the corrosion of the steel bar reaches a certain degree, the volume of the steel bar expands, and under the action of expansion force, the concrete outside the wall of the aqueduct is cracked until the concrete is collapsed, so that the wall structure of the aqueduct is damaged, and the normal use of the aqueduct is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork construction method, which aims at the problems of a U-shaped aqueduct construction process. The method adopts a truss type full steel mould structure, well solves the problem of one-step molding construction of the reinforced concrete of the aqueduct, and the stable structure not only ensures the molding section of the aqueduct, but also ensures the smooth and flat flow surface of the aqueduct by reasonable exhausting and pouring hole multifunctional holes without slab staggering; the integral truss structure is not provided with the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars, and the hidden trouble that the aqueducts are overflowed, leaked and corroded due to the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars is effectively solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel template construction method is characterized in that a template used in the construction method comprises a steel bottom plate, a support frame, an outer side die, a bottom die and an inner die; the steel bottom plate is arranged at the bottom, the support frame is erected above the steel bottom plate, a bottom die is arranged above the support frame, the bottom die is located in the middle of the bottom of the whole aqueduct template and used for being connected with outer side dies symmetrically arranged on two sides, the inner side surface of each outer side die is an arc shape attached to the U-shaped aqueduct, and the outer side surface of each outer side die is vertical to the inner side and is provided with a support column; the inner die is arranged above the outer die, a reinforcement cage is arranged between the inner die and the outer die, and a U-shaped aqueduct pouring cavity is formed between the inner die and the outer die; the centre form is U type structure, is equipped with a plurality of construction mouths on the centre form, and the top of centre form still sets up many stand A perpendicularly, and stand A still is equipped with vertically multirow spreader A with it, is equipped with the bolt hole that is used for connecting two templates respectively with the both ends of centre form on the outside mould.

The specific construction method comprises the following steps:

s1: before the aqueduct construction, an excavator or a loader is arranged on site to level the ground, and the ground flatness is not obvious

After the concave-convex part is displayed, a steel bottom plate is placed at the bottom of the corresponding support frame by a crane;

s2: measuring a central axis of the aqueduct, erecting a support frame according to the position of the axis, arranging a jacking on the top of the support frame for adjusting the height, and arranging continuous square steel on the jacking along the longitudinal direction of the aqueduct;

s3: firstly hoisting a bottom die at one end of the aqueduct by using a crane, quickly splicing the rest bottom dies after measuring and controlling the left-right distance, starting to hoist the outer side template after the bottom die is installed, inserting an iron pin into a corresponding template bolt hole after the outer side template is hoisted in place, putting down a whole outer side die, fixing two adjacent templates by using a bolt when one template is hoisted, polishing and derusting and coating a release agent after the installation of the bottom plate and the outer side template is finished, and integrally hoisting the reinforcement cage by using the crane and putting the reinforcement cage into the aqueduct;

s4: after the inner mold and the inner mold supporting frame are connected and fixed on the ground, the releasing agent is coated on all the inner molds, the upper aqueducts are hoisted in blocks by using a crane, the left side and the right side of the tops of the aqueducts are simultaneously inserted into reserved bolt holes of the outer mold and the inner mold by using iron pins, the inner molds can be put down by using the crane, and the adjacent mold plates are fixed by using bolts;

s5: pumping and pouring by using a concrete pump truck, firstly pouring end ribs at two ends of the aqueduct, pouring by sections and steps, after the end ribs are poured, pouring sequentially from a lower construction hole, an upper construction hole and the top of the aqueduct of the tank body inner mold, vibrating by using a vibrating bar in time at each pouring position, and covering a hinge cover plate and fastening by using a bolt in time when pouring of the multifunctional hole is finished;

s6: the inner mold can be detached after the concrete of the tank body is poured and finally set, the outer mold can be detached when the strength of the concrete of the tank body reaches 70%, the crane is firstly adopted to stabilize the template when the outer mold is detached, then all the fixing bolts are detached, the height of the jacking support is adjusted downwards, and the outer template can be lifted off; and when the strength of the concrete reaches 100%, removing the bottom die by using a method for removing the outer side die.

Further, the manufacturing and installation of the reinforcement cage are as follows: the aqueduct is put into in the both ends of steel reinforcement cage for the rib reinforcing bar passes through behind the weld forming, directly with hoist and mount, and other reinforcing bars are direct at the aqueduct ligature, and the installation is according to the order ligature welding in proper order of the horizontal pitch arc reinforcing bar of bottom, the vertical reinforcing bar of bottom, surface course pitch arc reinforcing bar, the vertical reinforcing bar of surface course, and bottom, surface course reinforcing bar pass through phi 10 reinforcing bar and draw, and aqueduct steel bar joint adopts the electric welding to connect, and steel bar welding connects the distribution that staggers.

Furthermore, the construction opening of the internal mold is arranged in a quincunx shape, the row spacing of the pouring holes is 0.8-1.0m, the hole spacing is 1.8-2.0m, and the hole size is 0.3-0.5m by 0.3-0.5 m. .

Furthermore, the outer side mold supporting column is a transverse column B which is transversely arranged to support the inner side surface of the outer side mold, and is provided with an upright column B which is vertical to the transverse column B.

Further, the upright columns B are connected with the cross columns A in the topmost row of the inner die through buckles.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:

1. the template adopted by the method can well realize one-step molding of the aqueduct reinforced concrete construction, the stable structure not only ensures the molding section of the aqueduct, but also reasonably arranges the pouring holes to ensure that the flow surface of the aqueduct is smooth and flat without wrong platforms, and has the exhaust function; the integral truss structure is not provided with the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars, and the hidden trouble that the aqueducts are overflowed, leaked and corroded due to the concrete penetrating opposite-pulling steel bars is effectively solved.

2. The aqueduct template is simple to manufacture and process by adopting the truss type all-steel template, is clear in stress, stable in structure, convenient to mount and dismount, multiple in turnover times and high in utilization rate, greatly reduces the cost for mounting and dismounting the template compared with the traditional wood template, saves a large amount of labor and material consumption, shortens the construction period, ensures safe construction and protects the environment.

3. The method of the invention adopts the supporting bottom steel plate support pad to effectively avoid uneven settlement, the lower part of the support frame does not need to be provided with a template support, the support frame is supported by a steel pipe support, the whole support system and the steel truss template form an all-steel template installation system, the whole stress is clear, the safety and the stability are realized, and the inspection and acceptance speed is high.

4. The internal mold adopted by the invention is convenient for warehousing, comprehensive and effective in vibration exhaust and ensures that the flow surface of the aqueduct is smooth and flat by reasonably arranging the multifunctional construction port.

5. The top of the inner and outer dies of the invention is locked by the buckle and the opposite lacing bar, and the inner dies are connected into a whole to bear force, thus avoiding the inner dies from floating upwards and deforming when pouring concrete. The concrete can be continuously and integrally poured at one time, the one-time forming of the U-shaped groove body concrete is realized, no construction joint is formed on the overflowing surface, the surface is smooth and flat, no slab staggering is caused, and no hidden danger of leakage corrosion of the concrete to the tie bars exists.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the construction method of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel template;

fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the inner mold assembly.

Description of the drawings: 1-outer side mold, 2-bottom mold, 3-transverse column B, 4-upright column B, 5-upright column A, 6-transverse column A, 7-inner mold, and 8-pouring hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.

Example 1

As shown in attached fig. 2 and 3, the U-shaped aqueduct truss type all-steel formwork construction method of the invention takes a certain hydraulic engineering aqueduct project in Guangxi as an example. The template used in the construction method comprises a steel bottom plate, a support frame, an outer side mold 1, a bottom mold 2 and an inner mold 7; the steel bottom plate is arranged at the bottom, the support frame is lapped above the steel bottom plate, the bottom die 2 is arranged above the support frame, the bottom die 2 is positioned in the middle of the bottom of the whole aqueduct and is used for connecting outer side dies 1 symmetrically arranged at two sides, the inner side surface of each outer side die 1 is in an arc shape attached to the U-shaped aqueduct, the outer side surface is vertical to the inner side and is provided with a support column, the support column is a transverse column B3 transversely arranged on the inner side surface of the support outer side die and is provided with a stand column B4 vertical to the transverse column B; the inner die 7 is arranged above the outer die, the inner die 7 is of a U-shaped structure, a plurality of upright posts A5 are vertically arranged at the bottom of the inner die 7, and a plurality of rows of cross posts A6 perpendicular to the upright posts A5 are further arranged on the upright posts A5. The cavity is pour to centre form U type aqueduct between centre form 7 and outside mould 1, is equipped with the steel reinforcement cage between centre form 7 and the outside mould 1, and the stand B is connected through the stull A of buckle and centre form top row. And a plurality of pouring holes 8 are formed in the inner die. The pouring holes 8 are arranged on the inner die 7 in a quincunx shape. The row spacing of the pouring holes 8 distributed on the inner die 7 is 0.8-1.0m, and the hole spacing is 1.8-2.0 m. And bolt holes for connecting adjacent templates are respectively arranged at the two ends of the inner die 7 and the outer die 1.

As shown in fig. 1, the specific construction method comprises the following steps:

the aqueduct template can be made by self or entrusted to a special steel template manufacturer for customization, and the whole aqueduct adopts steel

The inner die and the outer die are arranged in blocks of 1.82m according to the positions of the aqueduct pull rods. The whole set of formworks of the aqueduct is divided into three parts, namely a bottom formwork, an outer formwork and an inner formwork, and the three parts of formworks are connected through 8#, 10#, 14# hot rolled Q235 channel steel and 4.8-grade common M20 & 65 bolts. And 2 rows of multifunctional construction holes with the size of about 0.4 x 0.4m are reserved at the middle lower parts of the left inner die and the right inner die, the row spacing is 0.92m, the hole spacing is 1.82m, the construction hole steel plates and the inner die steel plates are connected by hinges in a quincunx arrangement, and iron tip lock holes are used after the pouring is finished.

S1: before the aqueduct is constructed, an excavator or a loader is arranged on site to level the ground, and after the ground level has no obvious concave-convex part, a steel bottom plate is placed at the bottom of a corresponding support frame by a crane;

s2: measuring a central axis of the aqueduct, erecting a support frame according to the position of the axis, arranging a jacking on the top of the support frame for adjusting the height, and arranging continuous square steel on the jacking along the longitudinal direction of the aqueduct;

s3: the bottom die at one end of the aqueduct is hoisted by a crane, the residual bottom die can be assembled quickly after the left-right distance is measured and controlled, the outer side template begins to be hoisted after the bottom die is installed, the outer side template is hoisted in place and then inserted into the corresponding template bolt hole by using an iron pin, a whole outer side die can be put down, one template is hoisted every time, two adjacent templates are fixed by using bolts in time, the bottom plate and the outer side template are polished and derusted and coated with a release agent after being installed, the end rib reinforcement cage is integrally hoisted by the crane and put into the aqueduct, the rest reinforcement installation is welded in sequence according to the sequence of bottom transverse arc reinforcement, bottom longitudinal reinforcement, surface arc reinforcement and surface longitudinal reinforcement, the bottom reinforcement and the surface reinforcement are oppositely pulled through phi 10 reinforcement, and the distance between two layers of reinforcement nets is ensured. The aqueduct steel bar joints are all connected by electric welding, and the steel bar welding joints are distributed in a staggered manner. After the aqueduct internal mold is installed, all the steel bars are sealed inside the template, and the inspection and acceptance cannot be checked, so that all sundries in the aqueduct of the bin need to be cleaned in time after the steel bars are bound and welded, and the next construction can be carried out after the inspection and acceptance of relevant units are qualified.

S4: after the inner mold and the inner mold supporting frame are connected and fixed on the ground, the releasing agent is coated on all the inner molds, the aqueducts are hoisted in blocks by using a crane, iron pins are simultaneously inserted into bolt holes reserved in the outer mold and the inner mold at the left side and the right side of the top of the aqueducts, the inner molds can be put down by using the crane, and adjacent templates are fixed by using bolts. Before the aqueduct is poured, related units need to be informed to check and accept the preparation conditions of the aqueduct template, the embedded parts and the man-machine, and after the check and acceptance are qualified, the aqueduct can be opened for pouring.

S5: pumping and pouring by using a concrete pump truck, firstly pouring end ribs at two ends of the aqueduct, pouring in different sections and steps, after the end ribs are poured, pouring sequentially from a lower construction hole, an upper construction hole and the top of the aqueduct in the inner die of the tank body, pouring and burying the whole reinforcement cage, vibrating by using a vibrating bar at each pouring position in time, and pouring a key control groove in the aqueduct

The bubbles at the arc part of the inner mould are controlled by adopting a slow pouring frequent vibration method, and the bubbles are reserved in the multifunctional holes

Carrying out exhaust inspection and vibration to ensure the compactness of the concrete of the tank body; cover in time when pouring of multifunctional hole is completed

And a cover plate of the hinge is arranged and fastened by a bolt. After the pouring is finished, the position of the pull rod reserved opening at the top of the aqueduct needs to be checked again, for example

And redundant concrete covers the reserved opening and needs to be removed in time.

S6: the inner mold can be detached after the concrete of the tank body is poured and finally set, the outer mold can be detached when the strength of the concrete of the tank body reaches 70%, the crane is firstly adopted to stabilize the template when the outer mold is detached, then all the fixing bolts are detached, the height of the jacking support is adjusted downwards, and the outer template can be lifted off; and when the strength of the concrete reaches 100%, removing the bottom die by using a method for removing the outer side die. After the concrete is finally set, watering and curing are started, the surface of the concrete needs to be kept wet during curing, and the curing period is 28 days.

The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such substitutions and modifications are to be considered as within the scope of the invention.