阅读说明：本技术 盾构机高水压条件下常压刀筒的堵漏方法 (Leakage blocking method for normal-pressure cutter barrel of shield machine under high-water-pressure condition ) 是由 徐文礼 姚占虎 王义盛 赵小鹏 段保亮 游恒 刘畅 李忠元 于 2021-09-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种盾构机高水压条件下常压刀筒的堵漏方法,适用于对球阀损坏的刀筒进行封堵,以更换刀筒,包括如下步骤：在盾构机的中心仓外定位距离球阀损坏的刀筒最近的冲洗口对应的冲洗管路,打开该冲洗管路的阀门并注入无水溶剂进行冲洗管路的清洗,之后注入聚氨酯发泡材料进行发泡直至漏浆停止,之后再次注入无水溶剂以将冲洗管路中的聚氨酯材料排出,堵漏完成。本发明的堵漏方法,通过定位最近的冲洗管路并注入无水溶剂,保证冲洗管路中无水,接着注入聚氨酯发泡材料在冲洗管路以及刀筒前和刀筒内进行发泡,从而进行堵漏。等到漏浆停止后,继续在冲洗管路中注入无水溶剂,以排出管路中的聚氨酯材料,防止管路堵住。(The invention discloses a leakage stopping method for a normal-pressure knife cylinder of a shield tunneling machine under a high-water pressure condition, which is suitable for stopping the knife cylinder with a damaged ball valve so as to replace the knife cylinder and comprises the following steps: positioning a flushing pipeline corresponding to a flushing port closest to a cutter cylinder damaged by the ball valve outside a central bin of the shield tunneling machine, opening a valve of the flushing pipeline and injecting an anhydrous solvent to clean the flushing pipeline, then injecting a polyurethane foaming material to foam until slurry leakage stops, then injecting the anhydrous solvent again to discharge the polyurethane material in the flushing pipeline, and completing leakage stoppage. According to the plugging method, the nearest flushing pipeline is positioned, anhydrous solvent is injected, the flushing pipeline is guaranteed to be anhydrous, and then polyurethane foam material is injected to foam in the flushing pipeline, the front of the cutter cylinder and the inside of the cutter cylinder, so that plugging is performed. After the slurry leakage stops, the anhydrous solvent is continuously injected into the flushing pipeline to discharge the polyurethane material in the pipeline so as to prevent the pipeline from being blocked.)

1. A method for stopping leakage of a normal pressure cutter cylinder of a shield tunneling machine under a high water pressure condition is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: and positioning a flushing pipeline corresponding to a flushing port closest to the knife cylinder damaged by the ball valve, opening a valve of the flushing pipeline, injecting an anhydrous solvent to clean the flushing pipeline, then injecting a polyurethane foam material to foam until slurry leakage stops, then injecting the anhydrous solvent again to discharge the polyurethane material in the flushing pipeline, and completing leakage stoppage.

2. A method of plugging according to claim 1, wherein: in the process of plugging, the foaming time of the injected polyurethane foaming material is gradually shortened.

3. A method of plugging according to claim 2, characterized in that: the corresponding foaming time of the polyurethane foaming material is gradually shortened from 25-50s to 10-12 s.

4. A method of plugging according to claim 1, wherein: the polyurethane foaming material is an oil-soluble polyurethane plugging agent and comprises a main agent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent adopted in the plugging process is 1-10: 100.

5. A method of plugging according to claim 4, wherein: in the process of plugging, the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent is gradually increased.

6. A method of plugging according to claim 5, wherein: in the process of plugging, firstly injecting a polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 1-2: 100; then injecting a polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 3-4: 100; and finally, injecting the polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 8-10: 100.

7. A method of plugging according to claim 1, wherein: when the anhydrous solvent is injected to clean the flushing pipeline, the pressure of the central bin needs to be gradually reduced.

8. A method of plugging according to claim 7, wherein: and continuously and gradually reducing the pressure of the central bin when the polyurethane foaming material is injected for foaming.

9. A method of plugging according to claim 8, wherein: and when the water leakage condition of the central bin is stopped, the air pressure of the central bin is continuously and gradually reduced until the central bin recovers to the normal pressure.

10. A method of plugging according to claim 1, wherein: the anhydrous solvent is an oil substance.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction of an oversized-diameter slurry shield machine, and mainly relates to a method for plugging a normal-pressure cutter barrel of the oversized-diameter (the diameter is more than or equal to 14m) slurry shield machine under the condition of high water pressure (more than or equal to 6.0 bar).

Background

At present, a normal-pressure cutter head is usually adopted by an ultra-large-diameter slurry shield machine from the viewpoint of construction safety and technical level. The back of the knife cylinder of the central panel is provided with a flushing ball valve, a pipeline, a knife hydraulic abrasion detection device pipeline and the like. In the construction process, sometimes, personnel are required to enter the central bin of the cutter head to check and replace the cutter due to construction requirements. In the process of replacing the cutter, the condition that a mechanical appliance damages a cutter barrel flushing ball valve can occur, so that the face muddy water is sprayed into the central bin. The slurry shield machine with the ultra-large diameter is usually positioned in a stratum with large burial depth or at the bottom of a river, and once the accident happens, the slurry pressure is usually over 6 bar. In the prior art, when slurry gushes on the knife cylinder, operators need to enter the bin under pressure to stop leakage, so that the speed is low, the cost is high, the risk is high, and the safety of the operators is also adversely affected. And the existing manual leakage stopping mode is difficult to stop the leaked muddy water, so that casualty accidents are easily caused, and immeasurable loss is generated on the construction progress and the cost. Therefore, a normal pressure cutter cylinder leakage stopping method suitable for an ultra-large diameter slurry shield machine under a high water pressure condition is needed to avoid casualties and economic loss.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a normal-pressure cutter cylinder leakage stopping method suitable for an oversized-diameter slurry shield machine under a high-water pressure condition, and the problem of slurry leakage and gushing caused by damage of a cutter cylinder slurry ball valve in a cutter changing process can be effectively solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a leak stoppage method of ordinary pressure sword section of thick bamboo under shield constructs quick-witted high water pressure condition, is applicable to the sword section of thick bamboo that the ball valve damaged and carries out the shutoff to change a sword section of thick bamboo, includes following step: positioning a flushing pipeline corresponding to a flushing port closest to a cutter cylinder damaged by the ball valve outside a central bin of the shield tunneling machine, opening a valve of the flushing pipeline and injecting an anhydrous solvent to clean the flushing pipeline, then injecting a polyurethane foaming material to foam until slurry leakage stops, then injecting the anhydrous solvent again to discharge the polyurethane material in the flushing pipeline, and completing leakage stoppage. The polyurethane foaming material enters the front part (the front palm surface) of the knife cylinder from the flushing pipeline and then enters the damaged knife cylinder, and then foaming and curing are carried out to stop leakage.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the plugging process is performed such that the foaming time of the injected polyurethane foam is gradually reduced. Namely, the foaming time of the polyurethane foam material injected at the beginning is long, and the foaming time of the polyurethane foam material injected later is short. Because the flushing pipeline has a certain length, the polyurethane material can enter the front of the damaged knife cylinder through the flushing pipeline and enter the knife cylinder by adopting materials with different foaming time, and then plugging is completed.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the foaming time of the polyurethane foam material is gradually reduced from 25 to 50s to 10 to 12 s. Namely, the foaming time of the polyurethane foaming material injected at the beginning is 25-50s, and the foaming time of the polyurethane foaming material injected at the end is 10-12 s.

According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, the polyurethane foaming material is an oil-soluble polyurethane plugging agent, and comprises a main agent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent adopted in the plugging process is 1-10: 100. The control of the foaming time is realized through the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent is gradually increased during the plugging process. The foaming time is gradually shortened by increasing the proportion of the auxiliary agent.

According to some preferred implementation aspects of the invention, in the process of plugging, the polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent of 1-2:100 is injected firstly; then injecting a polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 3-4: 100; and finally, injecting the polyurethane foaming material with the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 8-10: 100. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent is preferably 1:100, and the foaming time is 45 s; then the mass ratio of the injected auxiliary agent to the main agent is 3:100, and the foaming time is 21 s; the mass ratio of the finally injected auxiliary agent to the main agent is 10:100, and the foaming time is 10 s.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pressure of the core chamber is gradually reduced when the flushing line is purged by injecting the anhydrous solvent.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the pressure of the center chamber is gradually reduced while the polyurethane foam is injected for foaming. Its aim at makes polyurethane foam material get into the place ahead of damaging the sword section of thick bamboo and get into in the sword section of thick bamboo of damage through washing the pipeline, and then realizes leaking stoppage sealedly, reduces the pressure in central storehouse promptly and can play certain drainage effect.

According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, after the water leakage condition of the center bin is stopped, the air pressure of the center bin is continuously and gradually reduced until the normal pressure of the center bin is recovered. The pressure reduction process can further observe the leaking stoppage condition, and the pressure is reduced to normal pressure, so that subsequent maintenance personnel can conveniently enter the central bin to maintain or replace the knife cylinder.

According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the anhydrous solvent is an oil-based substance, preferably diesel oil.

In some embodiments of the invention, the method for plugging and the method for replacing the knife cylinder are specifically as follows: connecting a grouting machine outside the central bin to a flushing pipeline closest to the knife cylinder damaged by the ball valve, opening a valve of the flushing pipeline to inject a diesel flushing pipeline to ensure that no water remains in the pipeline, and then starting to inject a polyurethane foam material by using the grouting machine until slurry leakage stops; then, diesel oil is injected into the flushing pipeline again to discharge the polyurethane material in the flushing pipeline. Gradually reducing the air pressure of the central bin in the process of plugging until the central bin returns to normal pressure; and after detecting that the gas in the central bin has no problem, the personnel enter the central bin, and leave the central bin after installing a new valve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the method for stopping leakage of the normal-pressure cutter barrel of the slurry shield machine with the ultra-large diameter under the high-water pressure condition, the nearest flushing pipeline is positioned, the anhydrous solvent is injected, the flushing pipeline is guaranteed to be anhydrous, and then the polyurethane foaming material is injected to foam in the flushing pipeline, the front of the cutter barrel and the inside of the cutter barrel, so that leakage stopping is performed. After the slurry leakage stops, the anhydrous solvent is continuously injected into the flushing pipeline to discharge the polyurethane material in the pipeline so as to prevent the pipeline from being blocked. Through such a mode, can be fast, portable carry out the leaking stoppage operation, make things convenient for subsequent change maintenance, can effectively avoid casualties and reduce economic loss.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the location of a damaged knife cylinder and a flushing port of a flushing pipeline of a ball valve in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a plugging method in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not a whole embodiment. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The invention is suitable for the leakage stopping method of the normal-pressure cutter head cutter barrel of the slurry shield machine with the super-large diameter, wherein the shield machine is the slurry shield machine with the super-large diameter (the diameter is more than or equal to 14 m); the knife cylinder is a normal-pressure cutter head knife cylinder of the extra-large-diameter slurry shield machine, the diameter of the knife cylinder is 17 inches or 19 inches, and a central flushing pipeline ball valve is arranged on the back end cover.

When the cutter barrel ball valve is damaged and gushes mud during operation in the central bin, firstly, personnel withdraw and close the door of the central bin immediately, and then supplement air for pressurization in the central bin, so that the mud gushed from the mud bin is prevented from filling the whole central bin.

Next, by using the leaking stoppage method of the normal pressure knife cylinder and the knife cylinder replacement method under the high water pressure condition of the shield machine in this embodiment, the knife cylinder with the damaged ball valve is blocked to replace the knife cylinder, as shown in fig. 2, the method specifically includes the following steps:

1) injecting anhydrous solvent

Firstly, a flushing pipeline corresponding to a flushing port closest to a knife cylinder damaged by a ball valve is positioned outside a central bin of the shield tunneling machine, a valve of the flushing pipeline is opened, an anhydrous solvent is injected by a grouting machine to clean the flushing pipeline, and then the valve is closed. The anhydrous solvent in this example was diesel oil, and the injection amount was 30L. As shown in fig. 1, the large rectangular frame corresponds to the knife cylinder in which the damage occurs, and the small rectangular frame corresponds to the flushing port closest to the damaged knife cylinder. And the pressure of the central bin is reduced while the anhydrous solvent is injected.

Through pouring into anhydrous solvent, guarantee that there is not water residue in the pipeline, prevent that polyurethane material from letting in at first and just foaming in washing the pipeline, follow-up unable polyurethane foam material of pouring into, can't realize the effect of leaking stoppage.

2) Injection of polyurethane foam

And opening the valve again and injecting polyurethane foam material by using a grouting machine, wherein the polyurethane foam material enters the damaged knife cylinder after entering the front part of the knife cylinder from the flushing pipeline, and then is foamed and cured for leaking stoppage. And in the process of plugging, the foaming time of the injected polyurethane foaming material is gradually shortened. Namely, the foaming time of the polyurethane foam material injected at the beginning is long, and the foaming time of the polyurethane foam material injected later is short. Because the flushing pipeline has a certain length, the polyurethane material can enter the front (the palm surface) of the damaged knife cylinder through the flushing pipeline and enter the knife cylinder by adopting materials with different foaming time, and then the plugging is finished.

The polyurethane foaming material injected in the embodiment is an oil-soluble polyurethane plugging agent, and comprises a main agent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent adopted in the plugging process is 1-10: 100. Because the time for polyurethane to diffuse into the broken ball valve knife cylinder after the polyurethane reaches the front of the knife disc through a pump (grouting machine) is longer, the polyurethane auxiliary agent with obviously different foaming time, fluidity losing time and strength increasing time performance needs to be matched with the main agent. Namely, the control of the foaming time, the fluidity losing time and the strength increasing time is realized through the mass ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent.

Before plugging, tests on the foaming performance of polyurethane with different main and auxiliary agent ratios are required. In this embodiment, an oil-soluble bi-component polyurethane plugging agent produced by Shanghai Tunnel construction waterproof materials Co., Ltd is used, and a test is performed to obtain the foaming time, the fluidity losing time and the strength increasing time of the plugging agent under different blending ratios of the auxiliary agent and the main agent, wherein the specific blending ratio and the test result are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 oil-soluble two-component polyurethane plugging agent Performance test data

For the reasons mentioned above and the data in the table, the following injection scheme is specifically adopted in this example:

the grouting machine starts to inject the polyurethane foaming material: firstly, adopting polyurethane with the ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 1:100 (the foaming time is 45 s); continuously injecting the mixture into 3 barrels (50 kg per barrel), continuously increasing the dosage of the auxiliary agent, adopting polyurethane (foaming time 21s) with the ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 3:100, continuously injecting the mixture into 4 barrels, and beginning to reduce the injection flow of the slurry when injecting into the 6 th barrel; and continuously increasing the dosage of the auxiliary agent, adopting polyurethane (foaming time is 10s) with the ratio of the auxiliary agent to the main agent being 10:100, continuously injecting into 3 barrels, and stopping slurry leakage.

In the process of injecting the polyurethane foaming material, the air pressure of the central bin is continuously reduced step by step, so that the polyurethane foaming material enters the front part (the palm surface) of the damaged knife cylinder and enters the damaged knife cylinder through the washing pipeline, and then the leaking stoppage and sealing are realized, and the completeness and the effect of leaking stoppage are ensured. Namely, the pressure of the central bin is reduced, so that a certain drainage effect can be achieved.

3) Again injecting anhydrous solvent

And after the slurry leakage stops, 30L of anhydrous solvent diesel oil is injected again to discharge the polyurethane material in the flushing pipeline, so that the leakage stoppage is completed. So far, the whole leaking stoppage process is finished, and the subsequent steps are the steps of maintenance and replacement by personnel.

And (3) continuously reducing the air pressure of the central bin gradually while injecting the material until the central bin recovers the normal pressure, opening a bin door, ventilating the central bin for about 30min, and detecting the gas in the central bin by using a gas detector.

The direction of flow of the injected material is indicated by the arrows in fig. 2.

4) And after the gas in the central bin is detected to have no problem, the personnel entering the central bin with the gas mask quickly enter the central bin, the actual damaged state of the damaged pipeline valve is checked, the duration time is not more than 1min, and the personnel leave the bin and report the damaged state of the valve. And (4) making a maintenance scheme according to the damaged state of the valve, enabling two workers to take the gas mask, the pipe wrench and the new valve to enter a central bin, and immediately taking the new valve out of the bin after the new valve is installed. The knife cylinder is replaced under normal pressure, and a protective cover is added to the damaged flushing valve interface. And finishing the water leakage treatment of the knife cylinder flushing valve.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example is substantially the same as example 1 except that the ratio of the main agent to the auxiliary agent is not changed when the polyurethane material is injected, and polyurethane foaming materials are used in the ratio. In this comparative example, a 2:100 ratio of adjuvant to main was injected. As a result, the ejection flow rate of the slurry is not reduced at all times.

Comparative example 2

The comparative example is substantially the same as example 1 except that the ratio of the main agent to the auxiliary agent is not changed when the polyurethane material is injected, and polyurethane foaming materials are used in the ratio. In this comparative example, a 6:100 adjuvant to base ratio polyurethane was injected. As a result, the ejection flow rate of the slurry is eventually reduced, but the time is too long, and a large amount of the polyurethane material is injected, resulting in waste of raw materials and an increase in cost.

Comparative example 3

The comparative example is substantially the same as example 1 except that the ratio of the main agent to the auxiliary agent is not changed when the polyurethane material is injected, and polyurethane foaming materials are used in the ratio. In this comparative example, a polyurethane was injected with an adjuvant to base ratio of 8: 100. The result is that no further injection of polyurethane foam material is possible, because the polyurethane foam has a short foaming time and cures in the flushing line with an adjuvant to main ratio of 8: 100.

According to the method for stopping leakage of the normal-pressure cutter drum under the condition of high water pressure of the super-large-diameter shield, polyurethane is injected to the position of the tunnel face in front of the cutter drum where leakage and gushing occur through a flushing pipeline of a rotary joint in the center of the cutter head, and the polyurethane reacts and solidifies after being contacted with muddy water so as to stop the opening of a cutter of the cutter drum and the inside of the whole cutter drum and prevent the mud on the tunnel face from gushing to the center bin. The method has strong practicability and operability, improves the efficiency and accuracy of leaking stoppage, reduces the risk of personnel entering the warehouse with pressure to stop leaking, and reduces the accident handling cost.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the invention, and not to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.