阅读说明：本技术 穿越全断面软土路基排水板盾构刀盘、切割装置及施工方法 (Shield cutter head for penetrating through full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate, cutting device and construction method ) 是由 李发勇 姚燕明 黄毅 刘新科 张友伟 周俊宏 夏汉庸 申文明 潘建明 廖韶军 李 于 2021-10-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种盾构全断面软土路基排水板盾构刀盘、切割装置及施工方法,切割装置安装有盾构刀盘,盾构刀盘包括刀盘本体和设置在刀盘本体正面的撕裂刀,撕裂刀设置多组,同组撕裂刀中均包括普通撕裂刀和加高利刃撕裂刀,高利刃撕裂刀凸出于刀盘本体表面的长度大于普通撕裂刀凸出于刀盘本体表面的长度,同组撕裂刀中距离刀盘本体轴心最远的两把撕裂刀均为加高利刃撕裂刀；所述的刀盘本体的正面还设有若干超挖刀,超挖刀均配有伸缩机构,超挖刀的运行轨迹与距离刀盘本体轴心最远的两把撕裂刀的运行轨迹重合。盾构机掘进至排水板区域时,伸缩机构控制超挖刀伸出距离,通过超挖刀与加高利刃撕裂刀共同切割排水板,顺利切割塑料排水板,安全性高。(The invention discloses a shield cutter head of a shield full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate, a cutting device and a construction method, wherein the cutting device is provided with the shield cutter head, the shield cutter head comprises a cutter head body and tearing cutters arranged on the front surface of the cutter head body, the tearing cutters are provided with a plurality of groups, the tearing cutters in the same group respectively comprise common tearing cutters and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, the length of the high-edged tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is greater than the length of the common tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and two tearing cutters in the same group, which are farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body, are the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters; the front surface of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging knives which are all provided with telescopic mechanisms, and the running tracks of the super digging knives are superposed with the running tracks of the two tearing knives farthest from the axle center of the cutter head body. When the shield machine tunnels to the drain bar area, the telescopic mechanism controls the extension distance of the super digging cutter, and the plastic drain bar is smoothly cut by jointly cutting the drain bar through the super digging cutter and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter, so that the safety is high.)

1. The utility model provides a pass through full section weak soil roadbed drain bar shield constructs blade disc, includes blade disc body and sets up the sword of tearing openly at the blade disc body, tears the sword and sets up multiunit, its characterized in that: the tearing cutters in the same group comprise common tearing cutters and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, the common tearing cutters and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters in the same group are arranged at intervals along the same diameter of the cutter head body, two tearing cutters which are farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing cutters in the same group are the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, and the length of the high-edged tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is greater than the length of the common tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body; the front surface of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging knives, each super digging knife is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the running track of the super digging knife is superposed with the running tracks of the two tearing knives farthest from the axle center of the cutter head body.

2. The shield cutterhead for penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spacing distance between two adjacent tearing knives in the same group is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the common tearing knife, and the length difference of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife and the common tearing knife protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is the same as the length of the common tearing knife.

3. The shield cutterhead for penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate of claim 1, which is characterized in that: two common tearing knives are arranged between every two heightened sharp-edged tearing knives in the same group of tearing knives.

4. The shield cutterhead for penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate of claim 1, which is characterized in that: increase sharp sword and tear sword including increasing sharp sword and tearing the sword blade holder and increase sharp sword and tear the sword cutting edge, the length of high sharp sword tear sword mount pad protrusion in blade disc body surface the same with ordinary length of tearing sword protrusion in blade disc body surface, increase sharp sword and tear the sword cutting edge welding and tear the sword mount pad on high sharp sword and protrusion in the preceding terminal surface of high sharp sword tear the sword mount pad.

5. The shield cutterhead for penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the super digging cutter comprises a super digging cutter seat and a super digging cutter blade, wherein the super digging cutter blade is welded on the super digging cutter seat and protrudes out of the front end surface of the super digging cutter seat.

6. The shield cutterhead for penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the two overexcavation cutters are arranged on the same diameter of the cutter head body; the tearing knives are arranged in two groups, the two groups of tearing knives are arranged at an included angle of 90 degrees, and the included angle between the connecting line of the two super digging knives and the connecting line of any group of tearing knives is 45 degrees.

7. The utility model provides a pass through full section weak soil roadbed drain bar shield and construct cutting device which characterized in that: the shield tunneling machine comprises a shield tunneling machine shell, a shield tunneling cutter head, a cutter head driving device and a spiral conveyor; the shield machine comprises a shield machine shell, a spiral conveyor, a cutter head driving device, a shield machine cutter head, a cutter head driving device, a soil bin, a shield machine blade driving device and a shield machine blade driving device, wherein the shield machine blade and the cutter head driving device are both arranged at the front end in the shield machine shell; the shield cutter head comprises a cutter head body and tearing cutters arranged on the front face of the cutter head body, the tearing cutters are provided with a plurality of groups, the tearing cutters in the same group comprise common tearing cutters and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, the common tearing cutters and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters in the same group are arranged at intervals along the same diameter of the cutter head body, the length of the high-edged tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is larger than the length of the common tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and two tearing cutters farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing cutters in the same group are all the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters; the front surface of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging knives, each super digging knife is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the running track of the super digging knife is superposed with the running tracks of the two tearing knives farthest from the axle center of the cutter head body.

8. The shield cutting device for the water discharge plate of the full-section soft soil roadbed of the penetrating machine according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: and a conveyor observation port is arranged at the part of the spiral conveyor extending into the soil bin.

9. A construction method for the shield cutting device for the drainage plate of the full-section soft soil roadbed based on claim 7 is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:

1) when the shield tunneling machine tunnels in a stratum without a drainage plate, the telescopic mechanism is in a contraction state, so that the lengths of the super digging cutter and the common tearing cutter which protrude out of the surface of the cutter head body are the same, and a soil layer is cut by the super digging cutter and the common tearing cutter together;

2) when the shield machine tunnels to the area of the drainage plate, the telescopic mechanism drives the super digging cutter and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter to be same in length protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and the drainage plate is cut by the super digging cutter and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter together.

10. The construction method of the shield cutter head based on the shield full-section penetration high-speed section soft soil roadbed drainage plate according to claim 9, characterized in that: the method for cutting the drainage plate in the step 2) comprises the following steps of:

2.1) when the shield is tunneled to a drainage plate area, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife and the extended overexcavation knife are driven by the cutter head body to jointly rotate and cut the drainage plate, and meanwhile, the propelling speed is reduced, the rotating speed of the cutter head body is improved, the stability of the tunnel face is improved, and the drainage plate is ensured to be fully cut off;

2.2) after the drainage plate is cut off by the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife and the overexcavation knife, the drainage plate is scraped and broken by a following common tearing knife, then falls into a soil bin along with soil ridge dregs and is discharged by a screw conveyer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction of a soft soil area shield tunneling through a roadbed drainage plate, in particular to a shield cutter head, a cutting device and a construction method of the drainage plate through a full-section soft soil roadbed.

Background

Urban subways are a safe, fast, efficient and environment-friendly traffic form and become the first choice for solving traffic problems in many big cities, but the urban subways often face various challenges in construction due to complex and special construction environments. In the construction process of a subway tunnel shield, the tunnel often meets the condition that the tunnel needs to pass through a soft soil roadbed at a high-speed section, at the moment, a soil body consolidation drainage plate in the roadbed needs to be broken away, and if the treatment is improper, the problems of settlement of the roadbed of the highway or trapping of a shield machine and the like can be caused.

The soil consolidation drainage plate can be broken by adopting a plurality of breaking modes such as a shield cutter direct cutting breaking method, a high-temperature melting breaking method, a freezing breaking method, a chemical corrosion breaking method and the like in theory. For the high-temperature melting breaking method and the freezing breaking method, the shield sealing is easy to lose effectiveness due to overhigh or overlow temperature; and the injection of the chemical corrosion method reagent is difficult and the dosage is difficult to control. In contrast, the method for directly cutting off and breaking the shield cutter is a more efficient and ideal breaking method. The traditional shield cutter head cutter comprises a cutter head large ring, a central cutter head and a cutter head main beam, wherein the center of the central cutter head is superposed with the center of the cutter head large ring, and the cutter head large ring is connected with the central cutter head through the cutter head main beam; the central fishtail knife is arranged on the central cutter head, the cutter head main beam is provided with a plurality of tearing knives, a plurality of cutters and a plurality of side scrapers, the outer circumference of the large circular ring of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of groups of diameter-protecting knives, and the central cutter head and the cutter head main beam are both provided with nozzles.

Most of traditional shield cutter head cutters are soft soil tunneling standard cutters, sometimes the drainage plate cannot be cut off smoothly, and in the past shield construction, accidents that the shield is forced to stop or the ground surface subsides due to the fact that the uncut broken drainage plate is wound on the cutter head and the spiral conveyor occur. Therefore, a shield cutter head tool for safely breaking a drainage plate in a highway subgrade and a construction method are urgently needed so as to ensure that a shield can safely and efficiently pass through a soft soil subgrade in a highway section.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a shield cutter head for a drainage plate penetrating through a full-section soft soil roadbed, a cutting device and a construction method, and aims to solve the problem that the traditional shield cutter head cannot smoothly cut off the drainage plate.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a shield cutter head for a drainage plate of a soft soil roadbed penetrating through a full-section, which comprises a cutter head body and tearing cutters arranged on the front surface of the cutter head body, wherein the tearing cutters are provided with a plurality of groups, the tearing cutters in the same group comprise common tearing cutters and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, the common tearing cutters and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters in the same group are arranged at intervals along the same diameter of the cutter head body, the length of the high-edged tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is greater than the length of the common tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and two tearing cutters farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing cutters in the same group are the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters; the front surface of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging knives, each super digging knife is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the running track of the super digging knife is superposed with the running tracks of the two tearing knives farthest from the axle center of the cutter head body.

Preferably, the spacing distance between two adjacent tearing knives in the same group is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the common tearing knife, and the length difference of the high sharp edge tearing knife and the common tearing knife protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is the same as the length of the common tearing knife.

Preferably, two common tearing knives are arranged between every two heightened sharp tearing knives in the same group of tearing knives.

Preferably, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife comprises a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife holder and heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blades, the length of the high sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body is the same as the length of the common tearing knife protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body, and the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blades are welded on the high sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat and protrude out of the front end face of the high sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat.

Preferably, the super-digging cutter comprises a super-digging cutter seat and a super-digging cutter blade, and the super-digging cutter blade is welded on the super-digging cutter seat and protrudes out of the front end surface of the super-digging cutter seat.

Preferably, the two overexcavation knives are arranged on the same diameter of the cutter head body; the tearing knives are arranged in two groups, the two groups of tearing knives are arranged at an included angle of 90 degrees, and the included angle between the connecting line of the two super digging knives and the connecting line of any group of tearing knives is 45 degrees.

The invention also relates to a shield cutting device for the drainage plate penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed, which comprises a shield shell, a shield cutter head, a cutter head driving device and a spiral conveyor; the shield machine comprises a shield machine shell, a spiral conveyor, a cutter head driving device, a shield machine cutter head, a cutter head driving device, a soil bin, a shield machine blade driving device and a shield machine blade driving device, wherein the shield machine blade and the cutter head driving device are both arranged at the front end in the shield machine shell; the shield cutter head comprises a cutter head body and tearing cutters arranged on the front face of the cutter head body, the tearing cutters are provided with a plurality of groups, the tearing cutters in the same group comprise common tearing cutters and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters, the common tearing cutters and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters in the same group are arranged at intervals along the same diameter of the cutter head body, the length of the high-edged tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is larger than the length of the common tearing cutters protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and two tearing cutters farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing cutters in the same group are all the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters; the front surface of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging knives, each super digging knife is provided with a telescopic mechanism, and the running track of the super digging knife is superposed with the running tracks of the two tearing knives farthest from the axle center of the cutter head body.

Preferably, a conveyor viewing port is arranged at the part of the spiral conveyor extending into the soil bin.

The invention also relates to a construction method based on the shield cutting device for the drainage plate of the soft soil roadbed penetrating through the full section, which comprises the following steps:

1) when the shield tunneling machine tunnels in a stratum without a drainage plate, the telescopic mechanism is in a contraction state, so that the lengths of the super digging cutter and the common tearing cutter which protrude out of the surface of the cutter head body are the same, and a soil layer is cut by the super digging cutter and the common tearing cutter together;

2) when the shield machine tunnels to the area of the drainage plate, the telescopic mechanism drives the super digging cutter and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter to be same in length protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and the drainage plate is cut by the super digging cutter and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter together.

Preferably, the drainage plate is cut in the step 2) in a manner of cutting off firstly and then peeling off, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

2.1) when the shield is tunneled to a drainage plate area, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife and the extended overexcavation knife are driven by the cutter head body to jointly rotate and cut the drainage plate, and meanwhile, the propelling speed is reduced, the rotating speed of the cutter head body is improved, the stability of the tunnel face is improved, and the drainage plate is ensured to be fully cut off;

2.2) after the drainage plate is cut off by the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife and the overexcavation knife, the drainage plate is scraped and broken by a following common tearing knife, then falls into a soil bin along with soil ridge dregs and is discharged by a screw conveyer.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the shield cutter head penetrating through the full-section soft soil roadbed drainage board comprises a cutter head body, wherein the front side of the cutter head body is provided with tearing cutters, the tearing cutters respectively comprise a common tearing cutter and a heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter, the length of the high-edged tearing cutter protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body is larger than the length of the common tearing cutter protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, the front side of the cutter head body is also provided with a plurality of super digging cutters, each super digging cutter is provided with a telescopic mechanism, when the shield machine tunnels in a drainage board-free stratum, the telescopic mechanisms are in a contraction state, and a soil layer is cut through the super digging cutters and the common tearing cutters; when the shield constructs the machine and tunnels to the drain bar region, telescopic machanism drives, make super digging cutter and increase the sharp sword and tear the distance of sword protrusion in the blade disc the same, through super digging cutter and increase the sharp sword and tear the sword and cut the drain bar jointly, super digging cutter can be with drain bar cutting range control in the excavation face, greatly reduced is to the disturbance of excavation face surrounding stratum, guarantee that the cutter cuts the plastics drain bar smoothly, avoid plastics drain bar to be dragged by the blade disc, it exceeds standard to form cavity to cause the road bed to sink, the security is high, construction speed advantage such as fast, and simultaneously, construction quality can be guaranteed.

2. The invention relates to a tearing knife passing through a shield cutter head of a full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate, which comprises a common tearing knife and a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife, wherein the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife comprises a knife holder and a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife edge, the length of the high-edged tearing knife installation seat protruding out of the surface of a cutter head body is the same as the length of the common tearing knife protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body, and the condition that the knife holder of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife is not protected by other knives is avoided from being worn quickly.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a shield cutter head of a drainage plate for a soft soil roadbed penetrating through a full section;

FIG. 2 is a side view of a heightened sharp tearing knife;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the super digger;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shield cutting device for a drainage plate of a soft soil roadbed penetrating through a full section.

Reference numerals: the shield tunneling machine comprises a common tearing knife 1, a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2, a super digging knife 3, a telescopic mechanism 4, a spiral conveyor 5, a conveyor viewing port 6, a drainage plate 7, a soil bin 8, a cutter head body 9, a cutter head driving device 10, a shield tunneling machine shell 11, a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 21, a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife holder 22, a super digging knife holder 31 and a super digging knife holder 32.

Detailed Description

For further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, which are provided for illustration of the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example one

Referring to the attached drawing 1, the embodiment relates to a shield cutter head for penetrating through a full-section soft soil roadbed drainage plate, and the shield cutter head comprises a cutter head body 9 and tearing cutters arranged on the front surface of the cutter head body 9, wherein the tearing cutters are provided with multiple groups, the tearing cutters in the same group comprise common tearing cutters 1 and heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters 2, the common tearing cutters 1 and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters 2 in the same group are arranged at intervals along the same diameter of the cutter head body 9, the two tearing cutters farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing cutters in the same group are the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutters 2, and the length of the high-edged tearing cutters 2 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 is greater than the length of the common tearing cutters 1 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9.

The two groups of tearing knives are arranged, the two groups of tearing knives are arranged at an included angle of 90 degrees, the spacing distance between two adjacent tearing knives in the same group of tearing knives is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the common tearing knife 1, and the length difference of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 is the same as the length of the common tearing knife 1; two common tearing knives 1 are arranged between every two heightened sharp-edged tearing knives 2 in the same group of tearing knives. Referring to fig. 2, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife comprises a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife holder 21 and a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22, the length of the raised sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body 9 is the same as the length of the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body 9, and the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 is welded on the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 and protrudes out of the front end surface of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21; in this embodiment, the length of the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the knife disc body 9 is 110mm, the height difference between the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the common tearing knife 1 is 70mm, the length of the high-sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 protruding out of the knife disc body 9 is 110mm, and the length of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 protruding out of the end of the high-sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 is 70mm, so that no neutral position exists in the height difference range, and the high-sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 is prevented from generating neutral position and is rapidly worn under the condition that no other knife is protected; the high sharp edge tearing knife mounting seat 21, the high sharp edge tearing knife blade 22 and the cutter head body 9 are made of Q345 materials; the design of the edge 22 of the heightened sharp-edge tearing knife adopts a single-side 45-degree angle, so that the sharpness of the cutting edge is ensured, the cutting edge is not too weak, and the cutting edge is prevented from being worn.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the front surface of the cutter head body 9 is further provided with a plurality of super cutters 3, each super cutter 3 is provided with a telescopic mechanism 4, the telescopic mechanisms 4 adopt oil cylinders, the running tracks of the super cutters 3 are superposed with the running tracks of two tearing cutters farthest from the axis of the cutter head body 9, in the embodiment, the super cutters 3 are provided with two super cutters 3, the two super cutters 3 are positioned on the same diameter of the cutter head body 9, and the telescopic mechanisms 4 of the two super cutters 3 are independently controlled and driven in parallel; the included angle between the connecting line of the two overexcavation knives 3 and the connecting line of any group of tearing knives is 45 degrees. Referring to fig. 3, the super-cutting tool 3 includes a super-cutting tool seat 31 and a super-cutting tool blade 32, the super-cutting tool blade 32 is welded to the super-cutting tool seat 31 and protrudes from a front end surface of the super-cutting tool seat 31, the super-cutting tool blade 32 is made of a hard alloy material with hardness as high as HRA86-88, and is formed into a sharp cutting edge and welded to the super-cutting tool seat 31 made of Q345 material by silver soldering.

Example two

Referring to fig. 4, the embodiment discloses a shield cutting device for a drainage plate of a soft soil roadbed crossing a full section, which comprises a shield shell 11, a shield cutter head, a cutter head driving device 10 and a screw conveyor 5.

The shield cutter head and the cutter head driving device 10 are both arranged at the front end in the shield machine shell 11, the axis of the shield cutter head is connected with the cutter head driving device 10, a soil bin 8 is arranged on the back of the shield cutter head in the shield machine shell 11, one end of the spiral conveyor 5 extends into the soil bin, and the other end of the spiral conveyor extends out of the shield machine shell 11; the part of the screw conveyor 5 extending into the soil bin 8 is provided with a conveyor observation port 6, and a camera can be arranged in the conveyor observation port 6 and used for observing the amount of the residue soil in the soil bin 8.

Referring to the attached drawing 1, the shield cutter head comprises a cutter head body 9 and tearing knives arranged on the front surface of the cutter head body 9, the tearing knives are provided with a plurality of groups, the tearing knives in the same group comprise common tearing knives 1 and heightened sharp-edged tearing knives 2, the common tearing knives 1 and the heightened sharp-edged tearing knives 2 in the same group are arranged along the same diameter of the cutter head body 9 at intervals, two tearing knives which are farthest away from the axis of the cutter head body in the tearing knives in the same group are the heightened sharp-edged tearing knives 2, and the length of the high-edged tearing knives 2 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 is greater than the length of the common tearing knives 1 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9.

The two groups of tearing knives are arranged, the two groups of tearing knives are arranged at an included angle of 90 degrees, the spacing distance between two adjacent tearing knives in the same group of tearing knives is 1.5-2.5 times of the length of the common tearing knife 1, and the length difference of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 is the same as the length of the common tearing knife 1; two common tearing knives 1 are arranged between every two heightened sharp-edged tearing knives 2 in the same group of tearing knives. Referring to fig. 2, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife comprises a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife holder 21 and a heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22, the length of the raised sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body 9 is the same as the length of the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the surface of the knife disc body 9, and the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 is welded on the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 and protrudes out of the front end surface of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21; in this embodiment, the length of the common tearing knife 1 protruding out of the knife disc body 9 is 110mm, the height difference between the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the common tearing knife 1 is 70mm, the length of the high-sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 protruding out of the knife disc body 9 is 110mm, and the length of the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 protruding out of the end of the high-sharp-edged tearing knife mounting seat 21 is 70mm, so that no neutral position exists in the height difference range, and the high-sharp-edged tearing knife blade 22 is prevented from generating neutral position and is rapidly worn under the condition that no other knife is protected; the high sharp edge tearing knife mounting seat 21, the high sharp edge tearing knife blade 22 and the cutter head body 9 are made of Q345 materials; the design of the edge 22 of the heightened sharp-edge tearing knife adopts a single-side 45-degree angle, so that the sharpness of the cutting edge is ensured, the cutting edge is not too weak, and the cutting edge is prevented from being worn.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the front surface of the cutter head body 9 is further provided with a plurality of super cutters 3, each super cutter 3 is provided with a telescopic mechanism 4, the telescopic mechanisms 4 adopt oil cylinders, the running tracks of the super cutters 3 are superposed with the running tracks of two tearing cutters farthest from the axis of the cutter head body 9, in the embodiment, the super cutters 3 are provided with two super cutters 3, the two super cutters 3 are positioned on the same diameter of the cutter head body 9, and the telescopic mechanisms 4 of the two super cutters 3 are independently controlled and driven in parallel; the included angle between the connecting line of the two overexcavation knives 3 and the connecting line of any group of tearing knives is 45 degrees. Referring to fig. 3, the super-cutting tool 3 includes a super-cutting tool seat 31 and a super-cutting tool blade 32, the super-cutting tool blade 32 is welded to the super-cutting tool seat 31 and protrudes from a front end surface of the super-cutting tool seat 31, the super-cutting tool blade 32 is made of a hard alloy material with hardness as high as HRA86-88, and is formed into a sharp cutting edge and welded to the super-cutting tool seat 31 made of Q345 material by silver soldering.

Referring to the attached drawing 4, the construction method based on the shield cutting device for the drainage plate of the full-section soft soil roadbed comprises the following steps:

0) before construction, early-stage geological survey work needs to be done, accurate coordinates of the beginning and the end of the interval of the drainage plate 7 are determined, and detailed data are provided for later-stage tunneling and other work;

1) when the shield tunneling machine tunnels in a stratum without a drainage plate, the telescopic mechanism 4 is in a contracted state, so that the length of the super digging cutter 3 and the length of the common tearing cutter 1 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 are the same, and a soil layer is cut by the super digging cutter 3 and the common tearing cutter 1 together;

2) determining the initial accurate coordinate of the drainage plate 7 interval according to the step 0), and when the shield machine tunnels to the drainage plate area, specifically, when the shield machine tunnels to the drainage plate 7 area by 100-600mm, driving the telescopic mechanism 4 to ensure that the lengths of the super digging cutter 3 and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter 2 protruding out of the surface of the cutter head body 9 are the same, and cutting the drainage plate through the super digging cutter 3 and the heightened sharp-edged tearing cutter 2 together;

the cutting drainage plate adopts a mode of cutting off firstly and then peeling off, and the method comprises the following specific steps:

2.1) when the shield is tunneled to a drainage plate area, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the super-digging knife 3 in an extending state are driven by the cutter head body 9 to jointly rotate and cut the drainage plate 7, meanwhile, the propelling speed is reduced and the rotating speed of the cutter head body is increased, the propelling speed is controlled to be 10-20mm/min and the rotating speed of the cutter head is 0.8rpm, further, the dragging force of the knife to the drainage plate 7 is reduced, the disturbance to the stratum is reduced, the stability of the tunnel face is increased, the drainage plate 7 is ensured to be fully cut off, the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 preferentially cuts into the soil body during tunneling, the consolidated drainage plate 7 in the soil body is firstly cut off by the super-digging knife 3 together, because the distance between the heightened tearing knives 2 is larger, soil ridges are temporarily left on the tunnel face, the consolidated drainage plate 7 is restrained by the soil ridges, the drainage plate 7 can be effectively prevented from being wound along with the rotation of the cutter head body 9, and the cutting of the drainage plate 7 is favorable for cutting, the cutting length of the drainage plate 7 is controlled to be 200-600mm, the observation hole 6 of the conveyor is frequently observed during construction, whether the drainage plate is effectively cut off in the tunneling process can be judged according to the fracture form of the drainage plate in the slag sample, the residue condition of the drainage plate can be conveniently known, the residue of the drainage plate 7 is prevented from being blocked by timely observation, and the spiral conveyor 5 is wound;

2.2) after the drainage plate 7 is cut off by the heightened sharp-edged tearing knife 2 and the overexcavation knife 3, the drainage plate is scraped and broken by the following common tearing knife 1, then falls to the soil bin 8 along with the soil ridge and is discharged by the screw conveyer 5.

Carry out subsequent construction after 7 cutting of drain bar, subsequent construction includes:

3) and (3) synchronously grouting the tunneling area, wherein the grouting amount is generally controlled to be 180% -200% of the building gap, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be about 0.2-0.3 Mpa, so that the uniformity is ensured as much as possible. And meanwhile, carrying out secondary reinforcing grouting according to the ground surface detection condition, adopting P.O42.5 common silicate cement slurry, controlling the volume ratio of water glass to be 1:1, controlling the secondary grouting pressure to be 0.1-0.3 Mpa, controlling the grouting amount to be within 50% of the synchronous grouting amount of each ring, and carrying out grouting again according to the grouting effect. Fast, uniform and continuous pressure injection;

4) after the full section of the shield passes through the stratum of the drainage plate 7, the telescopic mechanism 4 retracts, so that the super digging cutter 3 is leveled with the common tearing cutter 1, and the soil layer is continuously cut.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.