阅读说明：本技术 一种自然雷击油气管道的人工引雷实验系统及方法 (Artificial lightning triggering experiment system and method for naturally lightning striking oil and gas pipeline ) 是由 张长秀 高剑 刘宝全 毕晓蕾 刘璇 陶彬 张英杰 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自然雷击油气管道的人工引雷实验系统,包括油气管道；油气管道的上方设置有引流杆,引流杆的底端设置有放电电极,放电电极底部与油气管道顶部之间留有空气间隙；引流杆通过金属导线与引雷火箭的尾端相连；引流杆上设置电流测量系统；油气管道底部的地面上设置地电位测量系统；油气管道的一侧架设光学测量系统；电流测量系统、地电位测量系统均与测量终端相连。本发明通过引雷火箭实现人工引雷,将自然闪电引下来并将自然闪电的电流传导到设定的位置用于进行油气管道雷击损伤实验,首次实现了自然雷击对油气管道损伤的实验研究,同时通过人工引雷解决了自然雷击管道的随机性问题从而能够实现自然雷击油气管道的重复性实验研究。(The invention discloses an artificial lightning triggering experiment system for naturally lightning striking an oil-gas pipeline, which comprises an oil-gas pipeline; a drainage rod is arranged above the oil-gas pipeline, a discharge electrode is arranged at the bottom end of the drainage rod, and an air gap is reserved between the bottom of the discharge electrode and the top of the oil-gas pipeline; the drainage rod is connected with the tail end of the lightning-induced rocket through a metal wire; a current measuring system is arranged on the drainage rod; a ground potential measuring system is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the oil and gas pipeline; an optical measuring system is erected on one side of the oil-gas pipeline; and the current measuring system and the ground potential measuring system are both connected with the measuring terminal. According to the invention, artificial lightning triggering is realized through the lightning triggering rocket, natural lightning is triggered down, and the current of the natural lightning is conducted to the set position for carrying out the oil-gas pipeline lightning damage experiment, so that the experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline damage caused by the natural lightning is realized for the first time, and meanwhile, the randomness problem of the natural lightning pipeline is solved through artificial lightning triggering, so that the repeated experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline struck by the natural lightning can be realized.)

1. An artificial lightning triggering experiment system for naturally lightning striking an oil-gas pipeline comprises the oil-gas pipeline fixedly arranged on the ground, and is characterized in that a drainage rod is arranged above the oil-gas pipeline, a discharge electrode is arranged at the bottom end of the drainage rod, and an air gap is reserved between the bottom of the discharge electrode and the top of the oil-gas pipeline;

the drainage rod is connected with the tail end of the lightning-induced rocket through a metal wire;

a current measuring system for measuring lightning current after lightning strike success is arranged on the drainage rod;

a ground potential measuring system for measuring ground voltage change after lightning triggering is successful is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the oil and gas pipeline;

an optical measurement system for observing and recording the pipeline damage process when the pipeline is struck by lightning is erected on one side of the oil and gas pipeline;

and the current measuring system and the ground potential measuring system are both connected with the measuring terminal.

2. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for naturally striking an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the oil and gas pipeline is connected with a grounding grid through a wire.

3. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for naturally striking an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the discharge electrode is a tungsten-copper electrode.

4. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for naturally striking an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 3, wherein the discharge electrode is connected with the drainage rod through a copper strip.

5. The artificial lightning strike experiment system for naturally striking an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the height of the air gap is 5-10 mm.

6. The artificial lightning initiation experimental system for naturally lightning striking an oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the lightning initiation rocket is controlled to be launched through a rocket launching control device.

7. The artificial lightning strike experiment system for the natural lightning strike of the oil and gas pipeline according to claim 6, wherein the rocket launching control device is arranged on a rocket launching fixing device, and the rocket launching fixing device is fixedly arranged on the ground.

8. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for the natural lightning strike of the oil and gas pipeline according to claim 7, wherein the rocket launching fixing device is connected with a grounding grid through a wire.

9. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for the oil and gas pipeline struck by the natural lightning of claim 6, which is characterized in that one side of the oil and gas pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic field measuring device for measuring an electromagnetic field, and the electromagnetic field measuring device is connected with a measuring terminal;

and the measuring terminal is connected with the rocket launching control device.

10. The artificial lightning strike experimental system for the natural lightning strike of the oil and gas pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the measuring terminal is connected with a grounding grid through a wire.

11. The experimental method of the artificial lightning strike experimental system for the natural lightning strike oil and gas pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: starting an electromagnetic field measuring device, a test terminal, an optical measuring system, a current measuring system and a ground potential measuring system;

step 2: the electromagnetic field measuring device measures an electromagnetic field and transmits electromagnetic field data to the measuring terminal, and the measuring terminal judges the optimal time for launching the lightning-induced rocket according to the received electromagnetic field data;

step 3, after the electromagnetic field data reach the expected value, the measuring terminal controls the rocket launching control device to launch the lightning-induced rocket;

and 4, step 4: after the lightning triggering rocket successfully launches the lightning, lightning current is transmitted to the drainage rod along the metal lead and then transmitted to the discharge electrode, and a huge voltage difference exists between the discharge electrode and the oil-gas pipeline to discharge the oil-gas pipeline; meanwhile, an optical measurement system observes and records the pipeline damage process, a current measurement system measures lightning current, and a ground potential measurement system measures ground voltage change;

and 5: after the discharge is finished, collecting optical data of the optical measurement system, current data of the current measurement system and voltage data of the ground potential measurement system; and taking down the oil and gas pipeline, and carrying out next damage observation and data statistics.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of lightning protection of oil and gas pipelines, and particularly relates to an artificial lightning triggering experiment system and method for naturally lightning striking an oil and gas pipeline.

Background

Crude oil and natural gas are transported by pipelines in large part, and lightning strike is one of the important causes of pipeline accidents. The lightning stroke can cause the breakage, perforation, coating ablation and the like of the pipeline, so that oil gas leakage and pipeline outage are caused, and therefore the pipeline lightning stroke research has important significance.

At present, the research on pipeline lightning stroke carried out at home and abroad mainly focuses on the investigation on the occurrence of pipeline lightning stroke accidents and the laboratory simulation lightning current impact pipeline experiment, the laboratory simulation lightning current impact pipeline experiment mainly carries out the research on the damage mechanism of lightning on an oil and gas pipeline by simulating the damage of the lightning current on the pipeline, but the laboratory simulation lightning current still has larger difference with natural lightning in the aspects of arc scale and current-voltage intensity. However, the research on the damage characteristics of the ground oil and gas pipelines and the buried oil and gas pipelines caused by natural lightning strike is still insufficient.

In order to better develop the related research of natural lightning stroke on the damage characteristics of the oil and gas pipeline, the application provides an artificial lightning triggering experiment system and method of the natural lightning stroke oil and gas pipeline, the problem of randomness of natural lightning stroke pipeline events is solved by adopting artificial lightning triggering, the repeated experiment research of the natural lightning stroke oil and gas pipeline is realized, and the system and the method have important significance for researching the damage mechanism and the damage characteristics of the natural lightning stroke on the oil and gas pipeline.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an artificial lightning triggering experiment system and method for naturally lightning striking an oil and gas pipeline.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an artificial lightning triggering experiment system for naturally lightning striking an oil-gas pipeline comprises the oil-gas pipeline fixedly arranged on the ground; a drainage rod is arranged above the oil-gas pipeline, a discharge electrode is arranged at the bottom end of the drainage rod, and an air gap is reserved between the bottom of the discharge electrode and the top of the oil-gas pipeline;

the drainage rod is connected with the tail end of the lightning-induced rocket through a metal wire;

a current measuring system for measuring lightning current after lightning strike success is arranged on the drainage rod;

a ground potential measuring system for measuring ground voltage change after lightning triggering is successful is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the oil and gas pipeline;

an optical measurement system for observing and recording the pipeline damage process when the pipeline is struck by lightning is erected on one side of the oil and gas pipeline;

and the current measuring system and the ground potential measuring system are both connected with the measuring terminal.

Preferably, the oil and gas pipeline is connected with the grounding grid through a wire.

Preferably, the discharge electrode is a tungsten copper electrode.

Preferably, the discharge electrode is connected with the drainage rod through a copper strip.

Preferably, the height of the air gap is 5-10 mm.

Preferably, the lightning-triggering rocket is controlled to be launched through a rocket launching control device.

Preferably, the rocket launching control device is arranged on a rocket launching fixing device, and the rocket launching fixing device is fixedly arranged on the ground.

Preferably, the rocket launching fixing device is connected with the grounding grid through a wire.

Preferably, an electromagnetic field measuring device for measuring an electromagnetic field is arranged on one side of the oil and gas pipeline, and the electromagnetic field measuring device is connected with a measuring terminal;

and the measuring terminal is connected with the rocket launching control device.

Preferably, the measuring terminal is connected with the grounding grid through a wire.

An artificial lightning triggering experiment method for naturally lightning striking an oil and gas pipeline comprises the following steps:

step 1: starting an electromagnetic field measuring device, a test terminal, an optical measuring system, a current measuring system and a ground potential measuring system;

step 2: the electromagnetic field measuring device measures an electromagnetic field and transmits electromagnetic field data to the measuring terminal, and the measuring terminal judges the optimal time for launching the lightning-induced rocket according to the received electromagnetic field data;

step 3, after the electromagnetic field data reach the expected value, the measuring terminal controls the rocket launching control device to launch the lightning-induced rocket;

and 4, step 4: after the lightning triggering rocket successfully launches the lightning, lightning current is transmitted to the drainage rod along the metal lead and then transmitted to the discharge electrode, and a huge voltage difference exists between the discharge electrode and the oil-gas pipeline to discharge the oil-gas pipeline; meanwhile, an optical measurement system observes and records the pipeline damage process, a current measurement system measures lightning current, and a ground potential measurement system measures ground voltage change;

and 5: after the discharge is finished, collecting optical data of the optical measurement system, current data of the current measurement system and voltage data of the ground potential measurement system; and taking down the oil and gas pipeline, and carrying out next damage observation and data statistics.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the artificial lightning triggering experiment system for naturally lightning striking the oil-gas pipeline, artificial lightning triggering is realized through the lightning triggering rocket, natural lightning is triggered down, and the current of the natural lightning is conducted to the set position for carrying out the oil-gas pipeline lightning damage experiment, so that the experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline damage caused by the natural lightning is realized for the first time, and meanwhile, the randomness problem of the natural lightning striking pipeline is solved through artificial lightning triggering, so that the repeated experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline struck by the natural lightning can be realized.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an artificial lightning strike experimental system for naturally striking an oil and gas pipeline;

wherein:

the method comprises the following steps of 1-a measuring terminal, 2-a current measuring system, 3-a discharge electrode, 4-an oil-gas pipeline, 5-a ground potential measuring system, 6-an optical measuring system, 7-a lightning-induced rocket, 8-a metal wire, 9-a rocket launching fixing device, 10-a rocket launching control device, 11-a drainage rod and 12-an electromagnetic field measuring device.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience in describing structural relationships of the components or elements of the present invention, and do not particularly indicate any components or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, terms such as "connected" and "connecting" should be interpreted broadly, and mean either a fixed connection or an integral connection or a detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the relevant scientific or technical field, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, an artificial lightning strike experimental system for naturally striking an oil-gas pipeline comprises an oil-gas pipeline 4 fixedly arranged on the ground; a drainage rod 11 is arranged above the oil-gas pipeline 4, a discharge electrode 3 is arranged at the bottom end of the drainage rod 11, and an air gap is reserved between the bottom of the discharge electrode 3 and the top of the oil-gas pipeline 4; specifically, the drainage rod 11 is fixed on the ground through an insulating support frame;

the drainage rod 11 is connected with the tail end of the lightning-induced rocket 7 through a metal wire 8;

the current measuring system 2 for measuring lightning current after successful lightning triggering is arranged on the drainage rod 11, and the lightning current after successful lightning triggering measured by the current measuring system 2 is the lightning current amplitude acting on the lightning damage experiment of the oil and gas pipeline 4;

the ground potential measuring system 5 is arranged on the ground at the bottom of the oil and gas pipeline 4 and used for measuring the voltage change of the ground after lightning triggering succeeds, and the ground potential measuring system 5 is used for measuring the voltage change of the lightning on the ground after the lightning triggering succeeds and is used for researching the influence of potential difference on the buried pipeline;

an optical measurement system 6 for observing and recording the pipeline damage process when the pipeline is struck by lightning is erected on one side of the oil and gas pipeline 4, and the optical measurement system 6 can observe and record the process of damage to the pipeline caused by the pipeline being struck by lightning at the moment; wherein the optical measurement system 6 is erected at a position about 15m away from the experimental point;

and the current measuring system 2 and the ground potential measuring system 5 are both connected with the measuring terminal 1.

Preferably, the oil and gas pipeline 4 is connected with a grounding grid through a wire, so that grounding treatment is realized.

Preferably, the discharge electrode 3 is a tungsten copper electrode, and the diameter of the discharge electrode 3 is 12 mm.

Preferably, the discharge electrode 3 is connected to the current-guiding rod 11 by a copper strip.

Preferably, the height of the air gap is 5-10 mm, the height value of the air gap is obtained through a plurality of experiments, and when the height of the air gap is in the range, the influence on the experiment result and the discharge electrode 3 is small.

Preferably, the lightning-triggering rocket 7 is controlled to launch through a rocket launching control device 10.

Preferably, the rocket launching control device 10 is arranged on the rocket launching fixing device 9, and the rocket launching fixing device 9 is fixedly arranged on the ground.

Preferably, the rocket launching fixing device 9 is connected with a grounding grid through a wire to realize grounding treatment.

Example 2:

an electromagnetic field measuring device 12 for measuring an electromagnetic field is arranged on one side of the oil and gas pipeline 4, and the electromagnetic field measuring device 12 is connected with the measuring terminal 1;

the measuring terminal 1 is connected with a rocket launching control device 10.

The remaining technical features are the same as those of example 1.

In this embodiment, the measurement terminal 1 is connected to a ground grid through a wire to implement grounding processing.

Example 3:

on the basis of the embodiment, the invention also provides an artificial lightning triggering experiment method for naturally lightning striking the oil and gas pipeline, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: starting an electromagnetic field measuring device 12, a test terminal 1, an optical measuring system 6, a current measuring system 2 and a ground potential measuring system 5;

step 2: the electromagnetic field measuring device 12 measures an electromagnetic field and transmits electromagnetic field data to the measuring terminal 1, and the measuring terminal 1 judges the optimal time for launching the lightning-induced rocket 7 according to the received electromagnetic field data;

step 3, after the electromagnetic field data reach the expected value, the measuring terminal 1 controls the rocket launching control device 10 to launch the lightning-triggering rocket 7;

and 4, step 4: after the lightning triggering rocket 7 successfully launches the lightning, lightning current is transmitted to the drainage rod 11 along the metal lead 8 and then transmitted to the discharge electrode 3, and a huge voltage difference exists between the discharge electrode 3 and the oil-gas pipeline 4 to discharge to the oil-gas pipeline; meanwhile, an optical measurement system 6 observes and records the pipeline damage process, a current measurement system 2 measures lightning current, and a ground potential measurement system 5 measures ground voltage change;

and 5: after the discharge is finished, collecting optical data of the optical measurement system 6, current data of the current measurement system 2 and voltage data of the ground potential measurement system 5; and taking down the oil and gas pipeline, and carrying out next damage observation and data statistics.

According to the artificial lightning triggering experiment system for naturally lightning striking the oil-gas pipeline, artificial lightning triggering is realized through the lightning triggering rocket, natural lightning is triggered down, and the current of the natural lightning is conducted to the set position for carrying out the oil-gas pipeline lightning damage experiment, so that the experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline damage caused by the natural lightning is realized for the first time, and meanwhile, the randomness problem of the natural lightning striking pipeline is solved through artificial lightning triggering, so that the repeated experimental research on the oil-gas pipeline struck by the natural lightning can be realized.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made without inventive efforts based on the technical solutions of the present invention.