阅读说明：本技术 一种天线结构及移动终端 (Antenna structure and mobile terminal ) 是由 孙利滨 张志军 梁铁柱 于 2020-05-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请实施例提供一种天线结构及移动终端,涉及通信设备技术领域。天线结构包括：金属地板、第一金属边框和多个集成的同频天线单元,第一金属边框位于金属地板的外缘且与金属地板连接,多个集成的同频天线单元包括开设在金属地板的外缘的第一地板缝隙；间隔开设在第一金属边框上的第一边框缝隙和第二边框缝隙；第一解耦单元位于第一地板缝隙的第一边框缝隙和第二边框缝隙之间的区域,以使第一地板缝隙形成与第一边框缝隙连通的第一区域和第二区域,与第二边框缝隙连通的区域为第三区域；第一馈电单元设置在第一区域中；第二馈电单元设置在第二区域中；第三馈电单元设置在第三区域中；第二解耦单元的两端相对设置在第一边框缝隙的两侧。(The embodiment of the application provides an antenna structure and a mobile terminal, and relates to the technical field of communication equipment. The antenna structure includes: the antenna comprises a metal floor, a first metal frame and a plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units, wherein the first metal frame is positioned at the outer edge of the metal floor and is connected with the metal floor; a first frame gap and a second frame gap which are arranged on the first metal frame at intervals; the first decoupling unit is positioned in a region between a first frame gap and a second frame gap of the first floor gap, so that the first floor gap forms a first region and a second region communicated with the first frame gap, and the region communicated with the second frame gap is a third region; the first feeding unit is arranged in the first region; the second feeding unit is arranged in the second area; the third feeding unit is arranged in the third region; two ends of the second decoupling unit are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first frame gap.)

1. An antenna structure, comprising:

a metal floor;

the first metal frame is positioned at the outer edge of the metal floor and is connected with the metal floor;

a plurality of integrated co-frequency antenna elements, comprising:

the first floor gap is formed in the outer edge of the metal floor;

the first frame gap and the second frame gap are arranged on the first metal frame at intervals and are communicated with the first floor gap;

a first decoupling unit located in a region between the first frame gap and the second frame gap of the first floor gap, such that a region of the first floor gap, which is communicated with the first frame gap and is located at one side of the first frame gap, is a first region, a region of the first floor gap, which is communicated with the first frame gap and is located at the other side of the first frame gap, is a second region, and a region of the second floor gap is a third region, the first region and the first frame gap form a first antenna unit, the second region and the first frame gap form a second antenna unit, the third region and the second frame gap form a third antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit all have broadband radiation characteristics and can cover a single frequency band or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, the first decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic and can achieve decoupling within the radiation bandwidth of the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit;

a first feeding unit disposed in the first region;

a second feeding unit disposed in the second region;

a third feeding unit disposed in the third region;

and two ends of the second decoupling unit are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first frame gap, and the second decoupling unit has broadband decoupling characteristics and can realize decoupling in the radiation bandwidth of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.

2. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the plurality of integrated co-frequency antenna elements further comprises:

the area, communicated with the second frame gap and positioned on one side of the second frame gap, of the first floor gap is the third area, the area, communicated with the second frame gap and positioned on the other side of the second frame gap, of the first floor gap is the fourth area, the fourth area and the second frame gap form a fourth antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit has broadband radiation characteristics and can cover single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication;

a fourth feeding unit disposed in the fourth region;

and two ends of the third decoupling unit are oppositely arranged on two sides of the second frame gap, and the third decoupling unit has broadband decoupling characteristics and can realize decoupling in the radiation bandwidths of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the first and fourth regions are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit, and the second and third regions are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that an end of the second decoupling unit close to the second frame slot is connected to an end of the third decoupling unit close to the first frame slot.

5. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the plurality of integrated co-frequency antenna elements further comprises:

the third frame gap is formed in the first metal frame and communicated with the first floor gap, and the second frame gap and the third frame gap are located on two sides of the first frame gap;

a third decoupling unit, located in an area between the first rim gap and the third rim gap of the first floor gap, where an area of the first floor gap that is communicated with the third rim gap is a fourth area, and the fourth area and the third rim gap form a fourth antenna unit, where the fourth antenna unit has a broadband radiation characteristic and can cover a single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, and the third decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic and can achieve decoupling within radiation bandwidths of the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit;

a fourth feeding unit disposed in the fourth region.

6. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein the third and fourth regions are symmetric about the first bezel slot, and wherein the first and second regions are symmetric about the first bezel slot.

7. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the antenna structure comprises N integrated same-frequency antenna units, N is not less than 3, and N is an integer;

when the ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit which are adjacent to the N integrated antenna units share a frame gap, decoupling the ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit through decoupling units which cross over two sides of the frame gap;

when the m antenna unit and the N antenna unit which are adjacent to each other of the N integrated antenna units share a metal frame which is positioned between the adjacent x frame gap and y frame gap, the m antenna unit and the N antenna unit are decoupled through a decoupling unit which is positioned in an area between the x frame gap and the y frame gap of the first floor gap;

wherein i, j, m, N, x and y are all larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to N.

8. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first metal bezel has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface is connected to the metal floor, and the first bezel slit and the second bezel slit penetrate through the first surface and the second surface.

9. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first feed unit, the second feed unit or the third feed unit comprises:

one end of the feed branch is directly connected with the first metal frame or is in feed coupling connection with the first metal frame;

and the feed port is connected with the other end of the feed branch.

10. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first decoupling unit is a ground capacitor, one end of the ground capacitor is connected to the metal floor, and the other end of the ground capacitor is connected to the metal frame.

11. The antenna structure according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the second decoupling unit is a metal stub connected to both sides of the first bezel slot.

12. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising:

the second metal frame is positioned at the outer edge of the metal floor and connected with the metal floor, and the second metal frame and the first metal frame are oppositely arranged;

and a second floor gap is formed in the position, corresponding to the second metal frame, of the metal floor, and a plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units are also arranged on the second floor gap and the second metal frame.

13. A mobile terminal, comprising:

a housing having a metal bezel;

the antenna structure of any one of claims 1-12, said metal rim of said antenna structure being said metal rim of said housing.

14. The mobile terminal of claim 13, further comprising:

a circuit board disposed within the housing;

the metal floor of the antenna structure is the circuit board.

15. The mobile terminal of claim 13, wherein the housing has a metal backplate, and wherein the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal backplate.

16. The mobile terminal of claim 13, further comprising a display disposed on the housing, wherein a metal film is disposed below the display, and wherein the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal film.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna structure and a mobile terminal.

Background

The fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) can provide communication services with higher speed, larger capacity and lower delay. The multi-input multi-Output (MIMO) antenna structure is used as a key technology of 5G communication equipment, covers N77(3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78(3.3GHz-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4GHz-5.0GHz) frequency bands of 5G, and can improve the capacity by times on the premise of not consuming frequency spectrum and power. Therefore, a plurality of antenna units need to be arranged on the mobile terminal to cover the 5G frequency band, so as to improve the communication capacity.

Fig. 1 is a current antenna structure installed in a mobile phone, and two sides of a circuit board 01 are provided with side plates 02, and a plurality of antenna units 03 are arranged on the side plates, so that two adjacent antenna units 3 on each side plate 02 are not interfered with each other, and a certain distance is required to be spaced between every two adjacent antenna units 03, so as to realize decoupling between two adjacent antenna units 03, i.e. spatial distance decoupling, which can cause: the space occupied by the antenna units is large, and the integration level is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides an antenna structure and mobile terminal, and the main objective is to provide an antenna structure that can reduce the occupation space, promote the integration level, and can cover 5G's N77, N78 and N79 frequency channel.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna structure, including a metal floor, a first metal frame and a plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units, where the first metal frame is located at an outer edge of the metal floor and connected to the metal floor, and the plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units include: a first floor gap arranged at the outer edge of the metal floor; the first frame gap and the second frame gap are arranged on the first metal frame at intervals and communicated with the first floor gap; the first decoupling unit is positioned in the area between the first frame gap and the second frame gap of the first floor gap, so that the area of the first floor gap, which is communicated with the first frame gap and is positioned at one side of the first frame gap, is a first area, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit all have broadband radiation characteristics and can cover single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, and the first decoupling unit has broadband decoupling characteristics and can realize decoupling in the radiation bandwidth of the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit; the first feeding unit is arranged in the first region; the second feeding unit is arranged in the second area; the third feeding unit is arranged in the third region; the two ends of the second decoupling unit are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the first frame gap, the second decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic, and decoupling can be achieved in the radiation bandwidth of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.

The antenna structure provided by the application enables the first floor gap to form a first area, a second area and a third area through the first floor gap, the first frame gap and the second frame gap which are arranged at intervals, the first feeding unit is arranged in the first area, the second feeding unit is arranged in the second area, and the third feeding unit is arranged in the third area, so that the multi-input multi-output antenna structure can be realized, the antenna structure can cover 5G N77(3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78(3.3GHz-3.8GHz), N79(4.4GHz-5.0GHz) frequency bands, and the requirements of a 5G mobile terminal are met. In addition, the first antenna unit formed by the first area and the first frame gap, the second antenna unit formed by the second area and the first frame gap, and the third antenna unit formed by the third area and the second frame gap are shared radiators, so that the integration level is high, and the occupied space is reduced. Because the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit share the first frame gap, the decoupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is realized through the second decoupling unit, and because the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit share the metal frame, the decoupling between the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit is realized through the first decoupling unit, so as to prevent mutual interference between the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the multiple integrated same-frequency antenna units further include: the area of the first floor gap, which is communicated with the second frame gap and is positioned on one side of the second frame gap, is a third area, the area, which is communicated with the second frame gap and is positioned on the other side of the second frame gap, is a fourth area, the fourth area and the second frame gap form a fourth antenna unit, and the fourth antenna units have broadband radiation characteristics and can cover single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication; the fourth feeding unit is arranged in the fourth region; the two ends of the third decoupling unit are oppositely arranged on the two sides of the second frame gap, the third decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic, and decoupling can be achieved in the radiation bandwidth of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit. Because the antenna structure is provided with the fourth area, the fourth area and the second frame gap form the fourth antenna unit, and the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit share the second frame gap, the communication capacity of the antenna structure is further improved by arranging the fourth antenna unit, and the integration level is higher. In addition, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit share the second frame gap, so that the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit are decoupled through the third decoupling unit, and mutual interference between the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is avoided.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first region and the fourth region are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit, and the second region and the third region are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit. Through the symmetrical arrangement among the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit, the same-frequency MIMO antenna can be formed, and the working bandwidth is 3.3GHz-5.0 GHz.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, one end of the second decoupling unit, which is close to the second frame gap, is connected to one end of the third decoupling unit, which is close to the first frame gap. The second decoupling unit and the third decoupling unit are connected together, so that the manufacturing process is simplified and the strength of the whole antenna structure is improved under the conditions that the decoupling of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit by the second decoupling unit is not influenced and the decoupling of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit by the third decoupling unit is not influenced.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the multiple integrated same-frequency antenna units further include: the third frame gap is formed in the first metal frame and communicated with the first floor gap, and the second frame gap and the third frame gap are located on two sides of the first frame gap; the third decoupling unit is positioned in an area between the first frame gap and the third frame gap of the first floor gap, the area of the first floor gap, which is communicated with the third frame gap, is a fourth area, the fourth area and the third frame gap form a fourth antenna unit, the fourth antenna units have broadband radiation characteristics and can cover single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, and the third decoupling unit has broadband decoupling characteristics and can realize decoupling within the radiation bandwidths of the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit; the fourth feeding unit is disposed in the fourth region. Because the antenna structure is provided with the fourth area, the fourth area and the second frame gap form the fourth antenna unit, and the fourth antenna unit and the first antenna unit share the metal frame, the communication capacity of the antenna structure is further improved by arranging the fourth antenna unit, and the integration level is higher. In addition, because the fourth antenna unit and the first antenna unit share the metal frame, the third decoupling unit decouples the fourth antenna unit and the first antenna unit, and mutual interference between the fourth antenna unit and the first antenna unit is avoided.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the third region and the fourth region are symmetrical with respect to the first frame slit, and the first region and the second region are symmetrical with respect to the first frame slit. Through the symmetrical arrangement among the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit, the same-frequency MIMO antenna can be formed, and the working bandwidth is 3.3GHz-5.0 GHz.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the antenna structure includes N integrated same-frequency antenna units, N is greater than or equal to 3, and N is an integer; when the adjacent ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit of the N integrated same-frequency antenna units share a frame gap, decoupling the ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit through decoupling units which cross over two sides of the frame gap; when the adjacent mth antenna unit and the nth antenna unit of the N integrated same-frequency antenna units share the metal frame positioned between the adjacent x-frame gap and the y-frame gap, the mth antenna unit and the nth antenna unit are decoupled through the decoupling unit positioned in the area between the x-frame gap and the y-frame gap of the first floor gap; wherein i, j, m, N, x and y are all larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to N. By forming at least 3 antenna elements, the communication capacity is further improved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first metal frame has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, the first surface is connected with the metal floor, and the first frame gap and the second frame gap penetrate through the first surface and the second surface. That is, no matter the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element or the fourth antenna element is formed, one end of the first antenna element is short-circuited, and the other end of the first antenna element is open-circuited, so that a quarter-wavelength resonant open slot structure is formed, and the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element or the fourth antenna element has the advantages of small size and large bandwidth.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first feeding unit, the second feeding unit, or the third feeding unit includes: one end of the feed branch is directly connected with the first metal frame or is in feed coupling connection with the first metal frame; and the feed port is connected with the other end of the feed branch. The feed unit has simple structure and convenient implementation.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first decoupling unit is a ground capacitor, one end of the ground capacitor is connected with the metal floor, and the other end of the ground capacitor is connected with the metal frame.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second decoupling unit is a metal branch connected to two sides of the first frame gap.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes: the second metal frame is positioned at the outer edge of the metal floor and connected with the metal floor, and the second metal frame and the first metal frame are oppositely arranged; and a second floor gap is formed in the position, corresponding to the second metal frame, of the metal floor, and a plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units are also arranged on the second floor gap and the second metal frame. Through setting up the second metal frame relative with first metal frame, and through the space a plurality of antenna element that have kept apart on being located first metal frame and a plurality of antenna element that are located second metal frame, consequently can realize better antenna isolation, still realized same frequency work and mutual noninterference, can promote communication system's capacity.

In a second aspect, the present application further provides a mobile terminal including a housing having a metal bezel; in the above-mentioned first aspect or the antenna structure in any implementation manner of the first aspect, the metal frame of the antenna structure is a metal frame of the housing.

The mobile terminal provided by the application adopts the antenna structure in any implementation manner of the first aspect, and the antenna structure is an MIMO antenna structure, so that the mobile terminal can cover 5G N77(3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78(3.3GHz-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4GHz-5.0GHz) frequency bands, and meets the requirements of the 5G mobile terminal. In addition, the antenna structure occupies a small space in the shell, and the integration level is high.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the mobile terminal further includes: a circuit board disposed within the housing; the metal floor of the antenna structure is a circuit board. By using the circuit board as the metal floor, the structure is simplified.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the housing has a metal back plate, and the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal back plate. The metal back plate is utilized as the metal floor, so that the structure is simplified.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the antenna structure further includes a display screen disposed on the housing, a metal film is disposed below the display screen, and the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal film. By using the metal film as the metal floor, the structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a prior art antenna structure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3a is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure of fig. 2 forming a first antenna element and a third antenna element;

FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of FIG. 2 forming a second antenna element and a third antenna element;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure of fig. 4 forming a first antenna element and a third antenna element;

FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of FIG. 4 forming a second antenna element and a third antenna element;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 6;

fig. 8a is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure of fig. 6 forming a first antenna element and a third antenna element;

FIG. 8b is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure of FIG. 6 forming a second antenna element and a fourth antenna element;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a reflection coefficient simulation diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a transmission coefficient simulation diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a simulation diagram of the total antenna efficiency of the antenna structure according to the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

01-a circuit board; 02-side plate; 03-an antenna element; 1-metal floor; 11-a first floor gap; q1-first region; q2-second region; q3-third region; q4-fourth region; q5-fifth region; q6-sixth region; 12-a second floor gap; 21-a first metal frame; 22-a second metal frame; 31-a first frame gap; 32-a second bezel aperture; 33-third frame slit; 34-a fourth bezel aperture; 4-a first decoupling unit; 51-a first feeding unit; 52-a second feeding unit; 53-third feeding unit; 54-a fourth feeding unit; 55-fifth feeding unit; 56-sixth feeding unit; 61-feed branch; 62-a feed port; 7-a second decoupling unit; 8-a third decoupling unit; 9-a fourth decoupling unit; 10-fifth decoupling unit.

Detailed Description

The present invention relates to an antenna structure and a mobile terminal, and the following describes the antenna structure and the mobile terminal in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 4, the antenna structure includes a metal floor 1, a first metal frame 21, and a plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units, where the plurality of integrated same-frequency antenna units include: the first floor gap 11, the first frame gap 31 and the second frame gap 32, the first decoupling unit 4, the first feeding unit 51, the second feeding unit 52, the third feeding unit 53 and the second decoupling unit 7, wherein the first floor gap 11 is arranged at the outer edge of the metal floor 1, the first frame gap 31 and the second frame gap 32 are arranged on the first metal frame 21 at intervals and are communicated with the first floor gap 11, the first decoupling unit 4 is arranged in the area between the first frame gap 31 and the second frame gap 32 of the first floor gap 11, so that the area of the first floor gap 11, which is communicated with the first frame gap 31 and is positioned at one side of the first frame gap 31, is a first area Q1, the area of the first frame gap 31, which is communicated with the first frame gap 31 and is positioned at the other side of the first frame gap 31, is a second area Q2, and the area of the second frame gap 32 is a third area Q3, the first feeding unit 51 is disposed in the first region Q1, the second feeding unit 52 is disposed in the second region Q2, the third feeding unit 53 is disposed in the third region Q3, and both ends of the second decoupling unit 7 are oppositely disposed on both sides of the first frame slit 31.

That is, by forming a plurality of integrated antenna units by using the first floor gap on the metal floor, the first frame gap and the second frame gap on the first metal frame, referring to fig. 3a and 3b, the first area and the first frame gap form the first antenna unit F1, the second area and the second antenna unit F2 formed by the first area and the first frame gap, and the third area and the third frame gap form the third antenna unit F3, and the first antenna unit F1, the second antenna unit F2 and the third antenna unit F3 are common radiators, and the integration level is high, so that the space occupied by the antenna structure can be reduced.

The first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit all have broadband radiation characteristics and can cover single or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication.

As can be seen from fig. 3a and 3b, the first antenna element F1, which is formed by the first area and the first frame slot together, has an L-shaped structure and is excited by the first feed element located in the first area. The second antenna element F2, which is formed by the second region and the first frame slot together, has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the second feed element located in the second region. The third antenna element F3 formed by the third area and the second frame slot together has an L-shaped structure and is excited by the third feeding element located in the third area.

As can be seen from fig. 5a and 5b, the first antenna element F1, which is formed by the first area and the first frame gap, has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the first feeding element located in the first area. The second antenna element F2, which is formed by the second area and the first frame slot together, has an L-shaped configuration and is excited by a second feed element located in the second area. The third antenna element F3 formed by the third area and the second frame slot has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the third feeding element located in the third area. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit share one frame gap, so that the number of the frame gaps is effectively reduced, and the structure of the whole antenna structure is simplified.

Because the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are the shared radiator, namely the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit share the first frame gap, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be decoupled by arranging the second decoupling unit so as to prevent the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit from interfering with each other, and the second decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic and can realize decoupling in the radiation bandwidth of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. In addition, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit share the metal frame, and the first decoupling unit is arranged, so that the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit can be decoupled, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are prevented from interfering with each other, the first decoupling unit has a broadband decoupling characteristic, and decoupling can be achieved in the radiation bandwidth of the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit.

The antenna structure has high integration level and high space utilization rate, particularly can cover the N77(3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78(3.3GHz-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4GHz-5.0GHz) frequency bands of 5G all over the world, and meets the requirements of 5G mobile terminals.

In some embodiments, the first decoupling unit 4 is a ground capacitor, and one end of the ground capacitor is connected to the metal floor and the other end is connected to the first metal frame.

The decoupling mechanism of the first decoupling unit 4 (that is, the decoupling unit sharing the metal frame) is: for example, as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, since the maximum points of the currents of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are close to each other, strong current coupling may occur, so that a new electrical coupling path may be provided by the first decoupling unit introduced as a grounded capacitor, and the capacitance of the grounded capacitor may have equal-amplitude opposite phases of the electrical coupling and the magnetic coupling, so as to implement coupling cancellation, thereby decoupling the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.

The structure of the second decoupling unit 7 has a plurality of cases, which are explained below by means of two embodiments.

Example one

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the second decoupling unit 7 is a bent metal branch that spans two sides of the first frame gap 31.

Example two

The second decoupling unit 7 is a lumped inductance across both sides of the first frame gap 31.

In the first embodiment, the bent metal branch includes a horizontal branch, a first vertical branch, a second vertical branch, and a horizontal branch connecting the first vertical branch and the second vertical branch, the horizontal branch is parallel to the metal floor, and the first vertical branch and the second vertical branch are perpendicular to the horizontal branch. Therefore, the metal frames and the bent metal branches positioned at two sides of the first frame gap form a closed loop, and the closed loop can be equivalent to a distributed inductor.

The decoupling mechanism of the bent metal branch (that is to say, the decoupling unit sharing the frame gap) is as follows: for example, as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, in the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit, because the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit generate strong electric coupling in the second frame gap, a new magnetic coupling path can be provided by introducing the second decoupling unit, and the length and the width of the bent metal branch can make the electric coupling and the magnetic coupling have equal amplitude and opposite phase, so as to implement coupling cancellation, and further decouple the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit.

When the bent metal branch provided by the embodiment is used as the second decoupling unit, the connecting position of the bent metal branch and the first metal frame is positioned at the edge of the first metal frame, so that the manufacturing process difficulty can be reduced.

Referring to fig. 2, the first, second, or third feeding units 51, 52, or 53 may have the same structure, and each include a feeding branch 61 and a feeding port 62 connected to the feeding branch 6. The feeding branch 61 and the first metal frame may be directly connected or may be connected by feeding coupling.

The antenna structure shown in fig. 2 and 4 includes three antenna elements, and four antenna elements, five antenna elements, or six antenna elements, or even more, may be included to further increase the communication capacity. The antenna structures forming the four antenna elements, the five antenna elements, and the six antenna elements, respectively, are described in detail below.

The antenna structure having four antenna elements has the following two embodiments, which are explained below.

Implementation mode one

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in addition to the structure included by the three antenna units, the area of the first floor gap 11, which is communicated with the second frame gap 32 and is located on one side of the second frame gap 32, is a third area Q3, the area, which is communicated with the second frame gap 32 and is located on the other side of the second frame gap 32, is a fourth area Q4, the fourth area Q4 and the second frame gap 32 form a fourth antenna unit, the fourth antenna unit has broadband radiation characteristics and can cover a single frequency band or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, the fourth area Q4 is provided with a fourth feeding unit 54, two ends of a third decoupling unit 8 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the second frame gap 32, and the third decoupling unit has broadband decoupling characteristics and can achieve decoupling within the radiation bandwidths of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit.

That is, referring to fig. 8a and 8b, the first area and the first frame gap form a first antenna element F1, the second area and the first frame gap form a second antenna element F2, the third area and the second frame gap form a third antenna element F3, the fourth area and the second frame gap form a fourth antenna element F4, the first antenna element F1, the second antenna element F2, the third antenna element F3, and the fourth antenna element F4 are common radiators, and thus the integration level is high and the occupied space is small.

In addition, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit share the second frame gap, so that the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit are decoupled through the third decoupling unit, and mutual interference between the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is avoided.

In the first embodiment, when the second decoupling unit and the third decoupling unit are both metal branches, referring to fig. 9, in order to simplify the manufacturing process, one end of the metal branch serving as the second decoupling unit, which is close to the second frame gap, is connected to one end of the metal branch serving as the third decoupling unit, which is close to the first frame gap. Therefore, the decoupling of the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit by the third decoupling unit and the decoupling of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit by the second decoupling unit are not influenced, the manufacturing process can be simplified, and the strength of the whole antenna structure is improved.

In the first embodiment, as can be seen from fig. 8a and 8b, the first antenna element F1 formed by the first region and the first frame slit together has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the first feeding element located in the first region. The second antenna element F2, which is formed by the second area and the first frame slot together, has an L-shaped configuration and is excited by a second feed element located in the second area. The third antenna element F3 formed by the third area and the second frame slot has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the third feeding element located in the third area. The fourth antenna element F4, which is formed by the fourth area and the second frame slot together, has an L-shaped structure and is excited by the fourth feeding element located in the fourth area.

In the antenna structures shown in fig. 6 and 7 including four antenna elements, the first region and the fourth region are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit, and the second region and the third region are symmetrical with respect to the first decoupling unit. Therefore, the formed first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit all work in the same frequency band, the same-frequency antenna is realized, and the broadband radiation characteristic is realized.

The effect achieved by the antenna structure is analyzed by the reflection coefficient simulation diagram shown in fig. 11, the transmission coefficient simulation diagram shown in fig. 12, and the antenna total efficiency simulation diagram shown in fig. 13.

It should be noted that: fig. 11, 12 and 13 are simulations of the first, second and third antenna units, and the fourth antenna unit all operating in the same frequency band. And the size of each antenna unit is as follows: length × clearance × height ═ 60mm × 2mm × 6 mm. And the first decoupling unit adopts a grounding capacitor of 1.8 pF.

Since the first antenna element F1 and the fourth antenna element F4 have symmetrical structures, and the second antenna element F2 and the third antenna element F3 have symmetrical structures, S11 is S44, and S22 is S33, where S11 represents the reflection coefficient of the first antenna element, S44 represents the reflection coefficient of the fourth antenna element, S22 represents the reflection coefficient of the second antenna element, and S33 represents the reflection coefficient of the third antenna element. Therefore, fig. 11 only shows a simulation diagram of the reflection coefficients of the first antenna element and the second antenna element, and it can be seen from fig. 11 that the first antenna element and the second antenna element both operate at 3.3GHz-5.0GHz and can completely cover the N77, N78, and N79 frequency bands of 5G. And in the frequency band, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have better impedance matching, wherein S11 < -6dB and S22 < -6 dB.

Therefore, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit also work at 3.3GHz-5.0GHz, and can completely cover N77, N78 and N79 frequency bands of 5G, S33 < -6dB and S44 < -6 dB.

Since the first antenna element F1 and the fourth antenna element F4 have symmetrical structures, and the second antenna element F2 and the third antenna element F3 have symmetrical structures, S12 is S34, and S13 is S24, where S12 represents a transmission coefficient between the first antenna element and the second antenna element, S34 represents a transmission coefficient between the third antenna element and the fourth antenna element, S13 represents a transmission coefficient between the first antenna element and the third antenna element, and S24 represents a transmission coefficient between the second antenna element and the fourth antenna element. Therefore, fig. 12 only shows a simulation diagram of transmission coefficients (isolation) of S12, S13, S14 and S23, and it can be seen from fig. 12 that, in the frequency band of 3.3GHz-5.0GHz, S12 ═ S34 and S23 < -10dB for adjacent antenna elements, and S13 ═ S24 and S14 < -14dB for non-adjacent antenna elements.

Since the first antenna element F1 and the fourth antenna element F4 are symmetrical in structure, the second antenna element F2 is symmetrical in structure, the total antenna efficiency of the first antenna element is equal to that of the third antenna element, and the total antenna efficiency of the second antenna element is equal to that of the fourth antenna element F3, fig. 13 only shows a simulation diagram of the total antenna efficiency of the first antenna element and the second antenna element, and as can be seen from fig. 13, the total antenna efficiency of the first antenna element, the second antenna element, the third antenna element and the fourth antenna element is greater than 47% in the frequency band of 3.3GHz-5.0 GHz.

Second embodiment

Referring to fig. 10, the antenna structure includes, in addition to the structures included in the three antenna units, a third frame gap 33 that is opened on the first metal frame 21 and is communicated with the first floor gap 11, the second frame gap 32 and the third frame gap 33 are located on both sides of the first frame gap 31, the third decoupling unit 8 is located in a region between the first frame gap 31 and the third frame gap 33 of the first floor gap 11, and a region of the first floor gap 11 that is communicated with the third frame gap 33 is a fourth region Q4; the fourth feeding unit 54 is disposed in the fourth area Q4, the fourth antenna units each have a broadband radiation characteristic and can cover a single frequency band or multiple frequency bands in mobile communication, and the third decoupling unit 8 has a broadband decoupling characteristic and can achieve decoupling within radiation bandwidths of the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit.

That is to say, the first region and the first frame gap form a first antenna unit, the second region and the first frame gap form a second antenna unit, the third region and the second frame gap form a third antenna unit, the fourth region and the third frame gap form a fourth antenna unit, and the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit are common radiators, so that the integration level is high, and the occupied space is small.

In addition, the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit share the metal frame, so that the decoupling between the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is realized through the third decoupling unit, and the mutual interference between the first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is avoided.

In the antenna structure including four antenna elements shown in fig. 10, the third region and the fourth region are symmetrical with respect to the first bezel slit, and the first region and the second region are symmetrical with respect to the first bezel slit. Therefore, the formed first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit all work in the same frequency band, the same-frequency antenna is realized, and the broadband radiation characteristic is realized.

An antenna structure having five antenna elements, referring to fig. 14 and 15, includes: the first floor panel gap 11 is communicated with the first frame gap 31 and positioned at one side of the first frame gap 31 and is a first area Q1, the first floor panel gap 11 is communicated with the first frame gap 31 and positioned at the other side of the first frame gap 31 and is a second area Q2, the first floor panel gap 11 is communicated with the second frame gap 32 and positioned at one side of the second frame gap 32 and is a third area Q3, the second floor panel gap 32 is communicated with the second frame gap 32 and is positioned at the other side of the second frame gap 32 and is a fourth area Q4, and the first floor panel gap 11 is communicated with the third frame gap 33 and is a fifth area Q5; the first power feeding unit 51 is provided in the first region Q1, the second power feeding unit 52 is provided in the second region Q2, the third power feeding unit 53 is provided in the third region Q3, the fourth power feeding unit 54 is provided in the fourth region Q4, and the fifth power feeding unit 55 is provided in the fifth region Q5. The first decoupling unit 4 is located in a region between a first frame gap 31 and a second frame gap 32 of the first floor gap 11, two ends of the second decoupling unit 7 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first frame gap 31, two ends of the third decoupling unit 8 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the second frame gap 32, and the fourth decoupling unit 9 is located in a region between the second frame gap 32 and a third frame gap 33 of the first floor gap 11.

Referring to fig. 14, the first antenna element, which is formed by the first region and the first frame slit, has an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by the first feeding element located in the first region. The second antenna unit formed by the second area and the first frame gap is in an L-shaped structure and is excited by a second feed unit positioned in the second area. And a third antenna unit formed by the third area and the second frame gap is in an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by a third feed unit positioned in the third area. And a fourth antenna unit formed by the fourth area and the second frame gap is in an L-shaped structure and is excited by a fourth feed unit positioned in the fourth area. And a fifth antenna unit formed by the fifth area and the third frame gap is in an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by a fifth feed unit positioned in the fifth area.

In the antenna structure including five antenna elements shown in fig. 14, the second region and the third region are symmetric with respect to the first coupling element, the first region and the fourth region are symmetric with respect to the first decoupling element, and the fifth region and the fourth region are symmetric with respect to the third decoupling element. Therefore, the formed first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, the fourth antenna unit and the fifth antenna unit all work in the same frequency band, the same-frequency antenna is achieved, and the broadband radiation characteristic is achieved.

In this embodiment, the metal branch as the second decoupling unit and the metal branch as the third decoupling unit may be connected together.

Referring to fig. 15, the first antenna element, which is formed by the first region and the first frame slit, has an L-shaped structure and is excited by the first feeding element located in the first region. The second antenna unit formed by the second area and the first frame gap is in an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by a second feed unit positioned in the second area. And a third antenna unit formed by the third area and the second frame gap is in an L-shaped structure and is excited by a third feed unit positioned in the third area. And a fourth antenna unit formed by the fourth area and the second frame gap is in an inverted L-shaped structure and is excited by a fourth feed unit positioned in the fourth area. And a fifth antenna unit formed by the fifth area and the third frame gap is in an L-shaped structure and is excited by a fifth feed unit positioned in the fifth area.

Because the fourth antenna unit and the fifth antenna unit share the metal frame, the fourth antenna unit and the fifth antenna unit can be decoupled by arranging the fourth decoupling unit, so that the fourth antenna unit and the fifth antenna unit are prevented from interfering with each other.

The antenna structure having six antenna elements has the following two embodiments, which are explained below.

Implementation mode one

Referring to fig. 16, in addition to the structure included in the above five antenna elements, the area of the first floor slot 11, which is communicated with the third frame slot 33 and is located on one side of the third frame slot 33, is a fifth area Q5, the area, which is communicated with the third frame slot 33 and is located on the other side of the third frame slot 33, is a sixth area Q6, the sixth feeding element 56 is disposed in the sixth area Q6, and two ends of the fifth decoupling element 10 are disposed on two sides of the third frame slot 33 in an opposite manner.

In an embodiment, the metal branch as the second decoupling unit, the metal branch as the third decoupling unit, and the metal branch as the fifth decoupling unit may be connected together to reduce the difficulty of the manufacturing process.

Second embodiment

Referring to fig. 17, the antenna structure includes, in addition to the structures included in the above five antenna units, a fourth frame gap 34 that is provided on the first metal frame 21 and is communicated with the first floor gap 11, the second frame gap 32 and the fourth frame gap 34 are located on two sides of the third frame gap 33, the fifth decoupling unit 10 is located in a region between the third frame gap 33 and the fourth frame gap 34 of the first floor gap 11, and a region of the first floor gap 11 that is communicated with the fourth frame gap 34 is a sixth region Q6; the sixth feeding unit 56 is provided in the sixth region Q6.

It should be noted that: in the N integrated antenna units of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the application, N is greater than or equal to 3, and N is an integer. The above description is only for the three to six antenna elements, and six or more antenna elements may be included, and if six or more antenna elements are included, the combination may be performed according to the combination manner of the antenna elements.

When the ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit which are adjacent to the N integrated antenna units share the frame gap, the ith antenna unit and the jth antenna unit are decoupled through the decoupling units which cross over the two sides of the frame gap; when the m antenna unit and the N antenna unit which are adjacent to each other and are positioned between the x frame gap and the y frame gap of the N integrated antenna units share the metal frame, the m antenna unit and the N antenna unit are decoupled through the decoupling unit positioned in the area between the x frame gap and the y frame gap of the first floor gap; wherein i, j, m, N, x and y are all larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to N.

That is, when N is an odd number, the combination may be performed in the structure of three antenna elements or five antenna elements as described above; when N is an even number, the combination may be performed according to the structure of four antenna elements or six antenna elements as described above.

In the antenna structure, referring to fig. 2, the first metal frame 21 has a first surface P1 and a second surface P2 opposite to each other, the first surface P1 is connected to the metal floor 1, and frame gaps on the metal frame penetrate through the first surface P1 and the second surface P2. The technical effect achieved by the design is as follows: the formed antenna units are all in an open-circuit structure with one end short-circuited and the other end open-circuited, so that a quarter-wavelength resonant opening slot structure is formed, and the antenna unit has the advantage of small size.

If the space of the first metal frame is limited, referring to fig. 18, the antenna structure includes a second metal frame 22, the second metal frame 22 is located at the outer edge of the metal floor 1 and connected to the metal floor 1, the first metal frame 21 and the second metal frame 22 are arranged relatively, a second floor gap 12 is formed at a position of the metal floor 1 corresponding to the second metal frame 21, and the second floor gap and the second metal frame are disposed on a plurality of integrated antenna units.

Because the first metal frame and the second metal frame have a larger distance therebetween, the antenna units on the first metal frame and the antenna units on the second metal frame can be prevented from interfering with each other by decoupling the spatial distance.

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present application further provides a mobile terminal, where the mobile terminal includes a housing and the antenna structure provided by the above embodiment, the housing has a metal frame, and the metal frame in the antenna structure adopts the metal frame of the housing.

Because the mobile terminal adopts the antenna structure provided by the embodiment, the antenna structure is an MIMO antenna structure and can cover 5G N77(3.3GHz-4.2GHz), N78(3.3GHz-3.8GHz) and N79(4.4GHz-5.0GHz) frequency bands, so that the mobile terminal meets the 5G communication requirement, and the antenna structure utilizes the metal frame of the shell, so that the occupied space is small, the integration level is high, and the miniaturization design of the antenna structure is realized.

In some embodiments, a circuit board is disposed within the housing, and the metal floor of the antenna structure is the circuit board. Namely, the circuit board is used as the metal floor, so that the structure of the antenna structure can be further simplified.

In some embodiments, the housing has a metal backplate and the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal backplate. The metal back plate is used as the metal floor, namely the metal frame of the shell is used as the metal frame of the antenna structure, and the metal back plate of the shell is used as the metal floor of the antenna structure.

In some embodiments, the housing has a display screen thereon, a metal film is disposed below the display screen, and the metal floor of the antenna structure is the metal film. By adopting the metal film as the metal floor, the structure is simple and the implementation is convenient.

The mobile terminal provided by the embodiment of the application can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, wearable equipment and the like.

In the description herein, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.