阅读说明：本技术 波导天线和信号传输装置 (Waveguide antenna and signal transmission device ) 是由 赵奂 虞强 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请公开一种波导天线和一种信号传输装置,波导天线包括：第一基板,包括位于第一表面的波导口；第二基板,位于第一基板之上,所述第二基板和第一基板形成的堆叠结构内具有传输波导,所述传输波导一端连通至所述波导口；至少一个中间基板,堆叠设置于所述第二基板的第二表面之上,形成有信号传输通路,具有一个输入端口和若干输出端口,以及若干连通所述输入端口和所述输出端口的功分器,用于将所述输入端口连通至各个输出端口；天线基板,所述天线基板内设置有若干开口,所述开口作为波导天线阵元。上述波导天线的安装简单,可在保证信号直通率的前提下,降低所述波导天线重量和成本,可广泛应用于工程现场。(The application discloses waveguide antenna and signal transmission device, waveguide antenna includes: a first substrate including a waveguide port at a first surface; the second substrate is positioned above the first substrate, a transmission waveguide is arranged in a stacked structure formed by the second substrate and the first substrate, and one end of the transmission waveguide is communicated to the waveguide port; at least one intermediate substrate, stacked on the second surface of the second substrate, forming a signal transmission path having an input port and a plurality of output ports, and a plurality of power dividers communicating the input port and the output ports, for communicating the input port to each of the output ports; the antenna comprises an antenna substrate, wherein a plurality of openings are arranged in the antenna substrate and are used as waveguide antenna array elements. The waveguide antenna is simple to install, can reduce the weight and the cost of the waveguide antenna on the premise of ensuring the signal straight-through rate, and can be widely applied to engineering sites.)

1. A waveguide antenna, comprising:

a first substrate including a waveguide port on one side surface;

the second substrate is stacked on the first substrate, a transmission waveguide is arranged in a stacked structure formed by the second substrate and the first substrate, and one end of the transmission waveguide is communicated to the waveguide port;

the at least one intermediate substrate is stacked on the second substrate, a signal transmission passage is formed in a stacked structure formed by the at least one intermediate substrate, and the signal transmission passage is provided with an input port, a plurality of output ports and a plurality of power dividers communicated with the input port and the output ports and used for communicating the input port with each output port;

and the antenna substrate is stacked on the middle substrate, a plurality of openings are arranged in the antenna substrate, and the openings are used as waveguide antenna array elements and communicated with the output ports.

2. A waveguide antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate, the second substrate, the intermediate substrate and the antenna substrate each comprise an insulating layer and a metal thin film covering at least a part of a surface of the insulating layer; the metal films are formed on the inner wall surfaces of the waveguide port, the transmission waveguide and the signal transmission passage.

3. The waveguide antenna of claim 2, wherein the metal film has a thickness of 1/200 wavelengths of a center frequency of the operating band.

4. A waveguide antenna according to claim 2, wherein the material of the metallic film comprises: at least one of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and tin.

5. The waveguide antenna of claim 2, wherein the electrical conductivity of the metal thin film is greater than 10 s/cm.

6. A waveguide antenna according to claim 1, wherein the material of the insulating layer comprises: at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, phenolic plastic, polyurethane plastic, epoxy plastic and unsaturated polyester plastic.

7. A waveguide antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate has first and second opposed surfaces, the waveguide port is located on the first surface side, the first substrate further includes a first transmission groove located on the second surface side, and the waveguide port communicates with the first transmission groove; the second substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, and comprises a second transmission groove which is positioned on one side of the first surface of the second substrate, the second transmission groove is communicated with the first transmission groove, and the opening edges are aligned to form the transmission waveguide.

8. The waveguide antenna of claim 7, wherein the second substrate further comprises: the second substrate comprises a third transmission groove and a first transmission through hole, wherein the third transmission groove is positioned on one side of the second surface of the second substrate, and the first transmission through hole is positioned between the second transmission groove and the third transmission groove and is communicated with the second transmission groove and the third transmission groove.

9. A waveguide antenna according to claim 8, comprising an intermediate substrate comprising first and second opposed surfaces; the first surface side of the intermediate substrate is provided with a fourth transmission groove, and a fifth transmission groove and a sixth transmission groove which are formed on the second surface side of the intermediate substrate, the fourth transmission groove is communicated with the fifth transmission groove through a second transmission hole, and the fourth transmission groove is communicated with the sixth transmission groove through a third transmission hole; the third transmission slot of the second substrate and the fourth transmission slot of the intermediate substrate form a first power divider, and the first power divider is configured to distribute the signal received by the third transmission slot to a fifth transmission slot and a sixth transmission slot.

10. A waveguide antenna according to claim 9, wherein the antenna substrate includes first and second opposite surfaces, the opening of the antenna substrate being located on the second surface side of the antenna substrate, the antenna substrate further including seventh and eighth transmission grooves located on the first surface side of the antenna substrate, the seventh and eighth transmission grooves communicating with at least two or more of the openings; a fifth transmission slot of the intermediate substrate is communicated to the seventh transmission slot of the antenna substrate to form a second power divider, and a sixth transmission slot of the intermediate substrate is communicated to the eighth transmission slot of the antenna substrate to form a third power divider, so as to distribute signals received by the fifth transmission slot and the sixth transmission slot to each opening.

11. The waveguide antenna of claim 1, wherein the transmission waveguide and the signal transmission path are rectangular in cross section perpendicular to a signal transmission direction.

12. A waveguide antenna according to claim 11, wherein the length a and width b of the cross-section satisfy: and a is 0.7 lambda, and b is (0.4-0.5) lambda, wherein a is the side length parallel to the first surface of each substrate, and b is the side length perpendicular to the first surface of each substrate.

13. The waveguide antenna of claim 8, wherein the waveguide length of the transmission waveguideG_L，G_L＝P*λ_g/360.00, where λ_gP is the waveguide wavelength of the transmission waveguide and P is the phase of the transmission signal.

14. The waveguide antenna of claim 11, wherein at least one side wall of the fifth transmission slot of the second power divider and the sixth transmission slot of the third power divider has a stepped structure.

15. The waveguide antenna of claim 1, further comprising a positioning pin and a positioning hole, wherein the positioning pin and the positioning hole are respectively located on the surfaces attached to the two sides of the adjacent substrates, and the positioning pin is embedded in the positioning hole.

16. A waveguide antenna according to claim 1 or 15, wherein adjacent substrates are bonded together by glue.

17. A signal transmission apparatus, characterized by comprising:

the waveguide antenna of any one of claims 1 to 16;

and the signal converter is connected with the waveguide port and is used for generating electromagnetic waves and transmitting the electromagnetic waves to the waveguide antenna.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of signals, in particular to a waveguide antenna and a signal transmission device.

Background

A waveguide is a pipe that can confine and guide the propagation of an electromagnetic wave in a length direction. The waveguide antenna is a classical antenna form, is a compact antenna for realizing the integration of guided wave transformation, transmission and radiation in a strong constraint boundary, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power capacity, high structural strength and the like. With the rigorous requirements of highly integrated phased array antennas on efficiency, force, heat and the like, the demand of millimeter wave antennas is rapidly increased, so that waveguide antennas become one of the most actively researched antenna forms in the current antenna field. The aperture distribution of the waveguide array antenna is easier to control relative to other antennas, so that low side lobe performance is easy to realize, and the waveguide array antenna is unique in various radar antennas. Therefore, there is an irreplaceable position in the design of radar, communication antennas, and the like. The waveguide antenna has high efficiency, low profile and light weight, and is a fundamental leading-edge technology which breaks through the bottleneck of electronic information equipment and enables future electronic information systems.

In a microstrip line electronic device, in order to control a conduction path of a microwave control signal, a waveguide formed by a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) microstrip line or a waveguide formed by a metal cavity is generally used, and functions of filtering, power splitting and combining, coupling, radiating and the like are achieved by controlling and changing the shape of the microstrip line or the shape of the metal cavity.

The traditional waveguide formed by using a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) microstrip line has large signal loss for frequency bands above 60GHz, and the impedance characteristic of the microstrip line is greatly influenced by the size due to the high dielectric constant of a PCB medium, so that the PCB needs high processing precision, the cost is greatly increased, and the through rate is reduced; for the waveguide formed by the traditional metal cavity, for the frequency band above 60GHz, the machining precision tolerance of the metal cavity reaches the micron level, the shape is a three-dimensional shape, and a die and a machining process with extremely high precision are adopted, so that the cost is greatly increased. In particular, the increase in weight makes engineering applications more difficult.

Therefore, how to reduce the weight of the waveguide antenna and reduce the manufacturing cost is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a waveguide antenna and a signal transmission device to solve the problems of heavy weight and high cost of the conventional waveguide antenna.

The application provides a waveguide antenna, includes: the first substrate is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, and comprises a waveguide port positioned on the first surface; the second substrate is positioned on the first substrate and is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the first surface of the second substrate is attached to the second surface of the first substrate, a transmission waveguide is arranged in a stacked structure formed by the second substrate and the first substrate, and one end of the transmission waveguide is communicated to the waveguide port; the at least one intermediate substrate is stacked on the second surface of the second substrate, a signal transmission passage is formed in a stacked structure formed by the at least one intermediate substrate, the signal transmission passage is provided with an input port, a plurality of output ports and a plurality of power dividers communicated with the input port and the output ports, and the power dividers are used for communicating the input port with the output ports; and the antenna substrate is positioned on the at least one middle substrate, a plurality of openings are arranged in the antenna substrate, and the openings are used as waveguide antenna array elements and are communicated with the output ports.

Optionally, the first substrate, the second substrate, the intermediate substrate, and the antenna substrate each include an insulating layer and a metal film covering at least a part of a surface of the insulating layer; the metal films are formed on the inner wall surfaces of the waveguide port, the transmission waveguide and the signal transmission passage.

Optionally, the thickness of the metal thin film is 1/200 of the wavelength of the center frequency of the operating band.

Optionally, the material of the metal thin film includes: at least one of gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and tin.

Optionally, the conductivity of the metal thin film is greater than 10 s/cm.

Optionally, the material of the insulating layer includes: at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, phenolic plastic, polyurethane plastic, epoxy plastic and unsaturated polyester plastic.

Optionally, the first substrate includes a waveguide port and a first transmission groove, and the waveguide port is communicated with the first transmission groove; the second substrate comprises a second transmission groove located on one side of the first surface of the second substrate, the second transmission groove is communicated with the first transmission groove, and the edges of openings of the second transmission groove and the first transmission groove are aligned to form the transmission waveguide.

Optionally, the second substrate further includes: the second substrate comprises a third transmission groove and a first transmission through hole, wherein the third transmission groove is positioned on one side of the second surface of the second substrate, and the first transmission through hole is positioned between the second transmission groove and the third transmission groove and is communicated with the second transmission groove and the third transmission groove.

Optionally, an intermediate substrate is included, the intermediate substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; the first surface side of the intermediate substrate is provided with a fourth transmission groove and a fifth transmission groove formed on the second surface side of the intermediate substrate, and the fourth transmission groove and the fifth transmission groove are communicated through a second transmission hole; the third transmission slot of the second substrate and the fourth transmission slot of the intermediate substrate form a first power divider, and the first power divider is configured to distribute the signal received by the third transmission slot to each fifth transmission slot.

Optionally, the antenna substrate includes a first surface and a second surface which are opposite to each other, the opening of the antenna substrate is located on the second surface side of the antenna substrate, the antenna substrate further includes a plurality of sixth transmission slots located on the first surface side of the antenna substrate, and each sixth transmission slot communicates with at least two or more of the openings; the fifth transmission slot of the intermediate substrate is communicated to the sixth transmission slot of the antenna substrate to at least form a second power divider and a third power divider, and the second power divider and the third power divider are used for distributing signals received by the fifth transmission slot to the openings.

Optionally, the cross-section of the transmission waveguide and the signal transmission path perpendicular to the signal transmission direction is rectangular.

Optionally, the length a and the width b of the cross section satisfy: and a is 0.7 lambda, and b is (0.4-0.5) lambda, wherein a is the side length parallel to the first surface of each substrate, and b is the side length perpendicular to the first surface of each substrate.

Optionally, the waveguide length G of the transmission waveguide_L，G_L＝P*λ_g/360.00, where λ_gFor said transmission waveguideP is the phase of the transmission signal.

Further, the waveguide wavelength λ of the waveguide antenna_g，Wherein λ is_gIs the wave guide wavelength, λ₀Is the wavelength of the working center frequency epsilon_rIs the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer of the waveguide antenna.

Optionally, at least one side wall of the fifth transmission slot of the second power divider and the third power divider is in a stepped structure.

The application provides a waveguide antenna, still includes: the positioning pin and the positioning hole are respectively positioned on the surfaces attached to the two sides of the adjacent substrates, and the positioning pin is embedded into the positioning hole.

The present application also provides a signal transmission device, including: the waveguide antenna of any of the above; and the signal converter is connected with the waveguide port and is used for generating electromagnetic waves and transmitting the electromagnetic waves to the waveguide antenna.

The waveguide antenna comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, at least one intermediate substrate and an antenna substrate, wherein the first surface of the second substrate is connected with the second surface of the first substrate, the at least one intermediate substrate is stacked on the second surface of the second substrate, the antenna substrate is positioned on the at least one intermediate substrate, the substrate of the waveguide antenna is mainly an insulating plastic medium, a layer of metal film is arranged on the surface of the substrate, the substrates are stacked, and internal transmission grooves, through holes and other structures form a waveguide structure for signal transmission.

Furthermore, transmission grooves are designed on two sides of each substrate, the transmission grooves of each substrate are matched with the transmission grooves on the adjacent substrate, the size meets the design requirement of a waveguide millimeter wave electromagnetic field, the transmission grooves between the substrates form an air waveguide, the waveguide port of the substrate at the lowest layer can be matched with the port of the microstrip waveguide converter, the waveguide port at the uppermost layer radiates electromagnetic waves to free space, the hole grooves on the middle substrate realize waveguide multi-port distribution or synthesis, and the waveguide lengths are matched, so that signals are configured to each antenna array element.

The antenna signal transmission device comprises the waveguide antenna and the signal converter, can transmit electromagnetic waves of various frequency bands to a free space or receive electromagnetic waves of different frequency bands of the free space through the coupling antenna array, has a wide working frequency band, is simple in structure and is convenient for batch production.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an end sectional view of a waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a waveguide antenna of an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a side sectional view of a signal conversion device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The following embodiments and their technical features may be combined with each other without conflict.

The invention is more clearly and completely described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional side view of a waveguide antenna according to an embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the waveguide antenna 1 includes a first substrate 2, a second substrate 3, an intermediate substrate 4, and an antenna substrate 5; the first substrate 2, the second substrate 3, the middle substrate 4 and the antenna substrate 5 respectively comprise a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, the substrates are sequentially stacked, and the first surface of the upper layer of substrate is stacked on the second surface of the lower layer of substrate.

The first substrate 2 includes a waveguide port 201 and a first transmission groove 202, and the waveguide port 201 is communicated with the first transmission groove 202. The second substrate 3 includes a second transfer groove 301 located at a first surface side of the second substrate 3, a third transfer groove 303 located at a second surface side of the second substrate 3, and a first transfer through hole 302 communicating the second transfer groove 301 and the third transfer groove 303. The second transmission groove 301 and the first transmission groove 202 are matched in size and aligned in opening edge to form the transmission waveguide 9.

Please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 4 together, wherein fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view along a direction perpendicular to the substrate surface inside the waveguide, and fig. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the waveguide antenna at the first surface of the first substrate 2. In this embodiment, the waveguide port 201 is rectangular. In other embodiments, the waveguide port 201 may also be circular, ridged, triangular, or elliptical, so long as the signal transmission through-efficiency is satisfied. The transmission waveguide 9 is a rectangular waveguide, and the cross section perpendicular to the signal transmission direction is rectangular. In other embodiments, the transmission waveguide 9 may also be a cylindrical waveguide or the like.

The length a and the width b of the cross section of the waveguide port 201 and the transmission waveguide 9 satisfy: and a is 0.7 lambda, and b is (0.4-0.5) lambda, wherein a is the side length of one side parallel to the first surface of each substrate, and b is the side length of one side perpendicular to the first surface of each substrate.

The transmission waveguide 9 can be designed to have different lengths to meet the phase design requirements of the waveguide phased array antenna. The waveguide length GL, G of the transmission waveguide 9_L＝P*λ_g/360.00, where λ_gP is the waveguide wavelength of the transmission waveguide 9 and the phase of the transmission signal. Wave guide wavelength lambda_g，λ₀Is the wavelength of the working center frequency epsilon_rIs the dielectric constant of the substrate of the waveguide antenna 1.

The intermediate substrate 4 comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other; a fourth transmission groove 401 is formed on the first surface side of the intermediate substrate 4, and a fifth transmission groove 404 and a sixth transmission groove 405 are formed on the second surface side; the fourth transfer groove 401 communicates with the fifth transfer groove 404 through a second transfer through hole 402, and the fourth transfer groove 401 communicates with the sixth transfer groove 405 through a third transfer through hole 403.

The third transmission slot 303 of the second substrate 3 and the fourth transmission slot 401 of the intermediate substrate 4 form a first power divider 6, configured to distribute the signal received by the third transmission slot 303 to a fifth transmission slot 404 and a sixth transmission slot 405.

The antenna substrate 5 comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, an opening 501 of the antenna substrate 5 is positioned on the second surface side of the antenna substrate 5, the antenna substrate 5 further comprises a seventh transmission groove 502 and an eighth transmission groove 503 which are positioned on the first surface side of the antenna substrate 5, and the seventh transmission groove 502 and the eighth transmission groove 503 are communicated with at least more than two openings 501; the fifth transmission slot 404 of the intermediate substrate 4 is communicated with the seventh transmission slot 502 of the antenna substrate 5 to form a second power divider 7, and the sixth transmission slot 405 of the intermediate substrate 4 is communicated with the eighth transmission slot 503 of the antenna substrate 5 to form a third power divider 8, so as to distribute signals received by the fifth transmission slot 404 and the sixth transmission slot 405 to the openings 501. The opening 501 is an antenna array element, is distributed on the second surface side of the antenna substrate 5, and is used for radiating a signal to a free space, and the signal flow is opposite to that during receiving and transmitting. Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the second surface side of the antenna substrate 5.

In this embodiment, the first substrate 2, the second substrate 3, the intermediate substrate 4, and the antenna substrate 5 each include an insulating layer and a metal thin film covering a surface of the insulating layer. The through holes, the transmission grooves and the like in each substrate can be formed in one step through an injection molding process. In other embodiments, the through holes and the transmission grooves may be formed by etching the insulating plate.

In this embodiment, the surface of the insulating layer exposed outside each substrate has a metal film. And plating the metal films on the surfaces of the first substrate 2, the second substrate 3, the middle substrate 4 and the antenna substrate 5 by adopting an electroplating mode. And stacking and assembling the substrates plated with the metal films to form the waveguide antenna structure.

In other embodiments, the main insulating layers of the substrates may be stacked and assembled first, and then a metal film may be formed on the surface of the main insulating layers, so that the metal film covers at least the waveguide port 201, the transmission waveguide 9, the signal transmission path in the intermediate substrate, and the inner wall surface of the antenna array element.

In other embodiments, the inner wall surface and the outer surface may be covered with a uniform metal film by other methods, as long as electromagnetic wave signals are gathered to form an electromagnetic shield.

In this embodiment, the metal thin film is an aluminum thin film with a thickness of 1/200 wavelengths of the center frequency of the operating band. In other embodiments, the metal thin film may also be a metal material with high conductivity, such as gold, silver, copper, tin, etc., preferably, a metal material with conductivity greater than 10s/cm is selected, and the thickness of the metal thin film is 1/200 of the central frequency wavelength of the operating band.

In this embodiment, the main insulating layers of the first substrate 2, the second substrate 3, the intermediate substrate 4 and the antenna substrate 5 of the waveguide antenna 1 are made of injection molding materials having good insulation, voltage resistance, tensile strength and heat distortion temperature, and for example, at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, phenolic plastic, polyurethane plastic, epoxy plastic and unsaturated polyester plastic may be used. In one embodiment, the insulating layer is made of PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) material with tensile strength of 160MPa, heat deformation temperature of 260 degrees and withstand voltage of 24MV/m at normal temperature. In other embodiments, the insulating layer may be made of other materials with good insulating property, and the material may have a heat distortion temperature higher than 150 ℃ and a tensile strength greater than 80 MPa.

In this embodiment, at least one side wall of the fifth transmission slot 404 of the second power divider 7 and the sixth transmission slot 405 of the third power divider 8 is a stepped structure, so as to meet the requirements on the antenna beam shape and the antenna gain.

In this embodiment, the waveguide antenna further includes a positioning pin and a positioning hole, the positioning pin and the positioning hole are respectively located on the surfaces of the two sides of the adjacent substrates, and the positioning pin is embedded in the positioning hole. Specifically, the first surface side of the second substrate 2 has a protruding first positioning pin 203, which is embedded in a positioning hole on the first surface of the first substrate 1; the second surface side of the intermediate substrate 4 has a protruding second positioning pin 304, which is fitted into a positioning hole on the first surface of the second substrate 3; the first surface of the antenna substrate has a third positioning pin 408 embedded in a positioning hole on the first surface of the intermediate substrate 4. The positioning holes and the positioning pins which are correspondingly matched in position enable the substrates to be conveniently assembled, and the pin holes in different positions are arranged on the stacking surfaces, so that the substrate position installation errors can be avoided, and the alignment of the hole-groove structure positions among the substrates is ensured. In other embodiments, other positioning structures may be disposed between the adjacent substrates to achieve assembling and positioning, for example, a socket, a bayonet, a slot, and the like.

Furthermore, the substrates can be bonded together by a dispensing bonding process to form a fixed stack. In other embodiments, other forms of fixing the substrate may be used, as long as the normal use of the waveguide antenna 1 can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the first power divider 6, the second power divider 7, and the third power divider 8 are all one-to-two waveguide power dividers, and are configured to equally divide a received signal into two paths of signals to output. In other embodiments, the first power divider 6, the second power divider 7, and the third power divider 8 may be a one-to-three waveguide power divider, a one-to-four waveguide power divider, etc. on the premise that the requirements of the waveguide antenna 1 are met, as long as the requirements of equally dividing the transmission signal can be met, and the number and the positions of the openings 501 are adjusted as appropriate.

In other embodiments, there may also be more than 2 layers of intermediate substrates between the second substrate 3 and the antenna substrate 5, and a signal transmission path is formed in each intermediate substrate stacked structure through a transmission through hole, a transmission slot, and the like, where the signal transmission path has an input port and a plurality of output ports, and a plurality of power dividers communicating the input port and the output ports and used for communicating the input port to each output port. The output port is connected to the antenna element and the input port is connected to the transmission waveguide 9.

In the above embodiment, the waveguide antenna array element 501 is a waveguide antenna with four antenna array elements, an input signal is transmitted to the transmission waveguide 9 through the waveguide port 201, the modulated signal is transmitted to the first power divider 6, and two paths of signals with the same phase are output, the signals are equally divided into four paths of signals with the same phase through the first power divider 7 and the first power divider 8, so as to form the waveguide antenna array element 501, and an electromagnetic field signal is radiated to a space through the opening. In other embodiments, the waveguide antenna array elements 501 may also be eight waveguide antenna array elements, sixteen waveguide antenna array elements, and the like, and the number of the waveguide antenna array elements 501 of the antenna substrate 1 is the same as the number of the output ports of the intermediate substrate 4. Signals can be distributed to each antenna element by adjusting the distribution capacity and the number of the power dividers on the signal transmission path in the waveguide antenna.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal conversion device according to an embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the signal conversion device includes a waveguide antenna 1 and a signal converter 10.

The waveguide antenna 1 is as described in the above embodiments, and will not be described herein.

In this embodiment, the signal converter 10 is used for generating electromagnetic field signals to be transmitted to the waveguide port 201 of the waveguide antenna 1.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present application, and not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow transformations made by the contents of the specification and the drawings, such as the combination of technical features between the embodiments and the direct or indirect application to other related technical fields, are also included in the scope of the present application.