阅读说明：本技术 一种野生小白蒿的驯化栽培方法 (Domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia stelleriana ) 是由 包金花 吴双英 何陈林 拉喜那木吉拉 杨恒山 斯日古楞 于 2021-10-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种野生小白蒿驯化栽培方法,属于药用植物栽培技术领域。该方法包括野生采种、种子处理、播种、整地、移栽定植、管理。通过本方法进行野生小白蒿的驯化栽培,经过催芽处理,明显提高了种子发芽率,结合特定的栽培工艺,有效地控制杂草数量和生长,不仅能够提高其成活率,实现了药用植物小白蒿的资源保护和可持续利用,解决产业化生产中资源供应不足的问题。(The invention discloses a domestication and cultivation method of wild artemisia sieversiana, and belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation. The method comprises wild seed collection, seed treatment, sowing, land preparation, transplantation and field planting and management. The wild artemisia parvifolia is domesticated and cultivated by the method, the germination accelerating treatment is carried out, the seed germination rate is obviously improved, the quantity and growth of weeds are effectively controlled by combining a specific cultivation process, the survival rate of the artemisia parvifolia can be improved, the resource protection and sustainable utilization of the medicinal plant artemisia parvifolia are realized, and the problem of insufficient resource supply in industrial production is solved.)

1. A domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia stelleriana is characterized by comprising the following steps:

collecting seeds of the whole plant of the wild artemisia scoparia for later use;

sterilizing and accelerating germination of the seeds to obtain treated seeds;

culturing the seedlings of the treated seeds in a matrix to obtain seedlings;

and (5) after land preparation, transplanting, planting and managing the nursery stock in the field to obtain the fertilizer.

2. The domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia annulata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific steps of seed collection are as follows: collecting the whole plant of wild herba Artemisiae Annuae in late autumn, drying in the shade, taking out the seed, and refrigerating.

3. The domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia sieversiana as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization is performed by soaking seeds in 3-5% potassium permanganate solution for 5-8 min.

4. The domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia sieversiana as claimed in claim 1, wherein 200-240 mg-L is adopted for germination accelerating treatment^-1Soaking gibberellin for 2-3 h for later use.

5. The domesticated cultivation method of wild artemisia annulata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate is at least one of sandy soil, garden soil, turfy soil, vermiculite, buckwheat hulls and pine scales.

6. The domesticated cultivation method of wild artemisia rupestris as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate is formed by a garden soil: buckwheat husk and pine scale, soil: the weight ratio of the buckwheat husks to the pine scales is 4: 1: 1.

7. the domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia annulata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling raising comprises the following specific steps: placing the substrate in seedling tray, placing the treated seeds in hole tray, 5-10 seeds per hole, covering 0.5-1cm substrate after sowing, watering, and transplanting 3 months after the seedling forms rhizome.

8. The domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia annulata as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of land preparation are as follows: planting sandy loam with good drainage and fertile land, ploughing, fine-trimming, raking and making a bed;

or, the transplanting comprises the following specific steps: transplanting in the first ten days of 6 months, transplanting in the shade according to the row spacing of 25cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering once root fixing water after planting;

or, the field management comprises the following specific steps: after transplanting is finished, watering once every 5-6 days, controlling the soil moisture to be 30% -35%, loosening the soil after intertillage and weeding, applying urea, and spraying a bactericide every year.

9. Artemisia scoparia cultivated by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of artemisia scoparia as claimed in claim 9 in the preparation of a Mongolian medicament.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia stelleriana.

Background

The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

The Artemisia parviflora is the overground part of Artemisia frigida willld (Artemisia frigida Willd.) belonging to the Artemisia of the Compositae, perennial herbaceous plants, namely Artemisia conorum, are the dry special Mongolian medicine of Xiriussa during the past and folk, have 2-3 complete pinnate clefts of whole leaves, are in the shape of a strip or a strip with needles, and have white hairy antler on both surfaces and complete edges. Small head-shaped inflorescence, grayish yellow, dense buds, silvery white, long and soft hair. Has hemostatic and repercussive effects, and can be used for treating hemorrhage, renal heat, menoxenia, skin ulcer, and carbuncle. The artemisia annulata as a Mongolian medicine has long use history, is externally used for stopping bleeding, is prepared into an external application medicine for treating carbuncle sores and treating joint swelling and pain and overstrain lung diseases; the medicine is taken orally to stop nosebleed and treat common diseases such as irregular menstruation and the like, and is widely applied. The artemisia parvifolia is also a feed with good nutritive value for livestock in pasturing areas.

With the continuous expansion of the production scale of Mongolian medicines and the great improvement of quality and curative effect, the demand of Mongolian medicines, namely artemisia stelleriana koeh, is increasing day by day. The medicinal plant species has the disadvantages of abnormal climate change, excessive grazing, desertification of soil, blind excavation and other human interference factors, the wild resource of the artemisia parviflora medicine source used in the current production is less and less, and the medicinal plant species is protected, domesticated and cultivated unsupervised. But the inventor researches and discovers that: as the seeds of the artemisia parvifolia are extremely small, the water and nutrients stored in the body are limited, the germination rate of wild seeds is low, seedlings are extremely weak, and the seedling rate is very low, the cultivation and domestication difficulty is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia sieversiana. Effectively improve the survival rate of the cultivation, enrich the artemisia stelleriana linn medicine source and protect the wild resources of the artemisia stelleriana linn medicine source.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia stelleriana, which comprises the following steps:

collecting seeds of the whole plant of the wild artemisia scoparia for later use;

sterilizing and accelerating germination of the seeds to obtain treated seeds; culturing the seedlings of the treated seeds in a matrix to obtain seedlings;

and (5) after land preparation, transplanting, planting and managing the nursery stock in the field to obtain the fertilizer.

In order to solve the problems of small seeds and difficult seedling formation, the domestication cultivation method of the wild artemisia selengensis is subjected to long-term research and a large amount of experimental groping, and the research finds that: gibberellin treatment and substrate selection have obvious influence on the germination and sprouting of wild artemisia sieversiana seeds, and when the gibberellin concentration is 200 mg.L^-1When the mixed matrix consisting of garden soil, buckwheat husks and pine scales is adopted, the wild artemisia annulata seeds can obtain higher germination rate and germination potential under the condition of low temperature or variable temperature.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided artemisia annulata cultivated by any one of the above methods.

In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the artemisia scoparia in preparing Mongolian medicines is provided.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the domestication cultivation of the wild artemisia parviflora is carried out by the method, the germination accelerating treatment is carried out, the seed germination rate is obviously improved, the quantity and the growth of weeds are effectively controlled by combining a specific cultivation process, the survival rate of the wild artemisia parviflora can be improved, the resource protection and the sustainable utilization of the medicinal plant artemisia parviflora are realized, and the problem of insufficient resource supply in industrial production is solved.

(2) The operation method is simple, low in cost and easy to popularize on a large scale.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a substrate diagram of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a substrate screening process in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of seed germination in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a seedling stage diagram of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of adult plants in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

A domestication cultivation method of wild artemisia stelleriana includes:

collecting seeds of the whole plant of the wild artemisia scoparia for later use;

sterilizing and accelerating germination of the seeds to obtain treated seeds;

culturing the seedlings of the treated seeds in a matrix to obtain seedlings;

and (5) after land preparation, transplanting, planting and managing the nursery stock in the field to obtain the fertilizer.

In some embodiments, the specific steps of seed collection are: collecting the whole plant of wild herba Artemisiae Annuae in late autumn, drying in the shade, taking out the seed, and refrigerating.

In some embodiments, the sterilization is performed by soaking seeds in 3-5% potassium permanganate solution for 5-8 min.

In some embodiments, the germination accelerating treatment adopts 200-240 mg.L^-1Soaking gibberellin for 2-3 h for later use.

In some embodiments, the substrate is at least one of sand, garden soil, turfy soil, vermiculite, buckwheat hulls, pine scales.

In some embodiments, the matrix is comprised of garden soil, buckwheat hulls, and pine scales, wherein the ratio of garden soil: the weight ratio of the buckwheat husks to the pine scales is 4: 1: 1. in the research, in order to improve the success rate of domestication and cultivation of the wild artemisia parviflora and enable the wild artemisia parviflora to meet the requirements of growth and reproduction under natural conditions, the traditional soil matrix is improved through summarization and experimental investigation of years of research experience, a certain amount of buckwheat husks and pine scales are added, more nutrients are provided for seed germination, meanwhile, the air permeability and the water permeability of the soil are improved, the breathing of seeds is promoted, and the germination rate are improved.

In some embodiments, the seedling raising comprises the following specific steps: placing the substrate in seedling tray, placing the treated seeds in hole tray, 5-10 seeds per hole, covering 0.5-1cm substrate after sowing, watering, and transplanting 3 months after the seedling forms rhizome.

In some embodiments, the soil preparation comprises the following specific steps: and (4) selecting sandy loam with good drainage and fertile land for planting, ploughing, fine-trimming, raking and making ridges.

In some embodiments, the transplanting comprises the following specific steps: transplanting in the first ten days of 6 months, transplanting in the shade according to the row spacing of 25cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering once root fixing water after planting;

in some embodiments, the field management comprises the specific steps of: after transplanting is finished, watering once every 5-6 days, controlling the soil moisture to be 30% -35%, loosening the soil after intertillage and weeding, applying urea, and spraying a bactericide every year.

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and not limiting.

In the following examples, plant material: seeds of wild Artemisia rupestris (Artemisia frigida Willd.) collected from Renbergen.

"variable temperature" means: and naturally placing the inner Mongolia autonomous region in Liaoning City at room temperature for 5 months.

Reagent: distilled water, gibberellin (GA3), ethanol.

Example 1:

the wild artemisia stelleriana introduction domestication and cultivation breeding method comprises the following steps:

1) wild seed collection: collecting whole plant of wild herba Artemisiae Annuae in late autumn, drying in the shade, taking out seed, randomly selecting full seed, collecting in bag, and storing in 4 deg.C refrigerator;

2) accelerating germination of seeds: soaking seeds for 5min by using a 3% potassium permanganate solution before sowing, and washing for 3 times by using clear water; then 200 mg.L^-1Soaking gibberellin for 2h for later use;

3) garden soil: the weight ratio of the buckwheat husks to the pine scales is 4: 1:1, uniformly mixing the substrates, putting the substrates into a seedling tray of 50 meshes, putting the treated seeds into a hole tray, watering the seeds in a hole tray with 5-10 seeds per hole, covering the substrate of 0.5-1cm after sowing, respectively culturing the seedlings in a constant-temperature illumination incubator at different temperatures (0 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 25 ℃), and transplanting the seedlings 3 months after the seedlings form roots;

4) land selection and preparation: planting sandy loam with good drainage and fertile land, ploughing, fine-trimming, raking and making a bed;

5) transplanting and field planting: transplanting in the first ten days of 6 months, transplanting in the shade according to the row spacing of 25cm multiplied by 30cm, and watering once root fixing water after planting;

6) management: after the transplanting is finished, watering once every 5 days, controlling the soil moisture to be 30%, loosening the soil after intertillage and weeding and applying urea 20kg/667m²50% of carbendazim 500 times liquid is sprayed once a year.

Example 2

In this example, 6 different groups of substrates were set up to treat wild artemisia annua seeds: treatment 1 (garden soil), treatment 2 (turfy soil), treatment 3 (vermiculite), treatment 4 (sandy soil: garden soil 1:2), treatment 5 (garden soil: vermiculite 1:1), and treatment 6 (garden soil: buckwheat hull, pine scale mass ratio 4: 1: 1). Each treated 100 seeds, 3 replicates.

The specific treatment steps are as follows:

1) wild seed collection: collecting whole plant of wild herba Artemisiae Annuae in late autumn, drying in the shade, taking out seed, randomly selecting full seed, collecting in bag, and storing in 4 deg.C refrigerator;

2) accelerating germination of seeds: soaking seeds for 5min by using a 3% potassium permanganate solution before sowing, and washing for 3 times by using clear water;

3) mixing the substrates uniformly, placing into 50 mesh seedling trays, placing the treated seeds into plug trays, each plug tray having 5-10 seeds, covering 0.5-1cm of substrate after sowing, watering, and culturing in constant temperature illumination incubator (15 deg.C).

Example 3

In this example, 6 different gibberellin concentrations were set for the treatment of wild artemisia annulata seeds: dissolving gibberellin in small amount of ethanol, and preparing into 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg.L^-1Gibberellin (GA3) solution.

The specific treatment steps are as follows:

1) wild seed collection: collecting whole plant of wild herba Artemisiae Annuae in late autumn, drying in the shade, taking out seed, randomly selecting full seed, collecting in bag, and storing in 4 deg.C refrigerator;

2) accelerating germination of seeds: soaking seeds for 5min by using a 3% potassium permanganate solution before sowing, and washing for 3 times by using clear water; soaking wild Artemisia Selengensis seeds in gibberellin (GA3) solution with different concentrations for 2h, treating 100 seeds each, and repeating for 3 times. The soaked seeds were placed in a petri dish with two pieces of wet filter paper laid on it and then observed at 15 ℃.

Examples of the experiments

1. Test method

During germination, the temperature, humidity and ventilation in the room are checked daily so that the germinating bed can be kept moist and other environmental conditions are always consistent. The sprouting is recorded in detail every day, and the seed coat after the radicle is broken through is used as an indicator of the physiological sprouting. Each example treated 100 seeds in 3 replicates.

Observing for 15 days, watering in time every day to keep the seeds having higher activity, and recording the emergence condition.

2. Index and method of measurement

Germination rate (%) ═ test total number of germinated seeds/test total number of germinated seeds × 100%;

germination potential (%) — the number of seeds germinated at the time of peak germination of seeds/total number of test seeds × 100%;

germination index ═ Σ Gt/Dt

In the formula: gt-number of sprouts on day t; dt-corresponding days to germination;

3. data statistics

Excel and SPSS statistical software is used for data processing in the test.

4. The experimental results are as follows:

the effect of different temperatures on the germination of artemisia parvifolia seeds in example 1 is shown in table 1:

TABLE 1 Effect of different temperatures on the Germination of Artemisia Selengensis seeds

The effect of different matrices on the germination of seeds of artemisia scoparia in example 2 is shown in table 2:

TABLE 2 Effect of different media on the Germination of Artemisia Selengensis seeds

The effect of different concentrations of gibberellin treatment on the germination of artemisia scoparia seeds in example 3 is shown in table 3:

TABLE 3 Effect of gibberellin treatment at different concentrations on the Germination of Artemisia Selengensis seeds

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.