阅读说明：本技术 一种分层式圆锥破碎机 (Layered cone crusher ) 是由 程健 周鸯 刘博铭 蒋明 马昭淼 陈立新 于 2021-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种分层式圆锥破碎机,包括主轴和定锥总成,所述主轴上设置有偏心套,所述偏心套上设置有分层式动锥体,所述分层式动锥体包括若干层子锥体,各子锥体均偏心套接于偏心套,偏心套转动时各子锥体交替挤碰定锥总成的内壁。在偏心套的旋转过程中利用分层式动锥体的各层子锥体对破碎腔内的待破碎物料进行竖直方向上的交替式挤压破碎,使得待破碎物料在破碎腔的下落过程中经历多次破碎,显著提升破碎效果。(The invention discloses a layered cone crusher, which comprises a main shaft and a fixed cone assembly, wherein an eccentric sleeve is arranged on the main shaft, a layered movable cone is arranged on the eccentric sleeve, the layered movable cone comprises a plurality of layers of sub-cones, each sub-cone is eccentrically sleeved on the eccentric sleeve, and each sub-cone alternately extrudes and bumps the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly when the eccentric sleeve rotates. The materials to be crushed in the crushing cavity are subjected to alternative extrusion crushing in the vertical direction by utilizing each layer of sub-cones of the layered movable cone in the rotating process of the eccentric sleeve, so that the materials to be crushed are crushed for multiple times in the falling process of the crushing cavity, and the crushing effect is obviously improved.)

1. The utility model provides a layered cone crusher, includes main shaft and fixed cone assembly, be provided with eccentric cover on the main shaft, its characterized in that, be provided with the layered cone that moves on the eccentric cover, the layered cone that moves includes a plurality of layers of subcones, and each subcone is all eccentric cup joints in eccentric cover, and each subcone extrudes the inner wall of bumping the fixed cone assembly in turn when eccentric cover rotates.

2. A layered cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein each sub-cone is of a truncated cone structure, and the inclination of the generatrix of each sub-cone is arranged to correspond to the inclination of the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly.

3. A layered cone crusher according to claim 1, wherein the eccentric lines of all sub-cones are equally spaced through 360 °, and the eccentric angles between the eccentric lines of adjacent sub-cones are equal.

4. A layered cone crusher as claimed in claim 3, wherein the eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are arranged in sequence along the rotation direction of the main shaft, and the sub-cones from top to bottom sequentially press against the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly when the eccentric sleeve rotates.

5. A layered cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sub-cone is circumferentially provided with a wear bushing, said wear bushing being removably attached to said sub-cone.

6. A layered cone crusher according to claim 5, wherein said wear resistant lining has a connecting groove provided in the middle thereof, said sub-cone has a connecting ring provided on the outer periphery thereof, said connecting ring being in a plug-in connection with said connecting groove, said connecting ring having a thickness smaller than the thickness of the sub-cone.

7. A layered cone crusher in accordance with claim 6, wherein said connecting ring is integrally formed with the sub-cone.

8. A layered cone crusher as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plurality of sub-cones are each detachably connected to said eccentric sleeve.

9. A layered cone crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thickness of said plurality of layered sub-cones decreases from top to bottom.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushers, in particular to a layered cone crusher.

Background

The multi-cylinder cone crusher is typical crushing equipment for medium-sized and fine-sized hard materials, adopts a 'lamination crushing' principle, improves the yield of primary crushing, and is simpler and more convenient to maintain and lower in operation cost. The structure strength is improved by adopting measures of separating the movable cone from the main shaft, fixing the main shaft, only making the movable cone perform rotary and oscillating motion and the like.

In the 50 s of the 19 th century, along with the development of hydraulic technology, a cone crusher can adopt hydraulic pressure to adjust a discharge port and realize overload protection, namely the hydraulic cone crusher, and has very wide application in various industries with unique performance advantages. With the continuous development and improvement of the hydraulic cone crusher, the serialization, normalization and standardization degrees are achieved. The high-performance cone crusher has superior performance and can meet the process requirement of 'more crushing and less grinding'.

The crushing principle of the multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher is as follows: the working parts of the multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher consist of two truncated cones, namely a moving cone and a fixed cone. The during operation motor passes through belt pulley, transmission shaft, pinion, gear wheel and drives the awl and do the swing motion along the internal surface, is close to the place of deciding the awl, and the material receives the extrusion and the bending of awl and is broken, and the place of skew awl, broken material because the action of gravity falls from the awl end, whole breakage and the process of unloading are gone on in proper order in succession along the internal surface. The release oil cylinder part consists of six release oil cylinders 3, three energy accumulators and connecting pipelines. The release oil cylinder mainly plays a role in iron passing protection and cavity cleaning and is used for absorbing and buffering the jumping impact phenomenon of the adjusting ring caused by a small number of hard materials during normal crushing.

The eccentric sleeve is a core part of the multi-cylinder cone crusher, the movable cone is driven by the eccentric sleeve, and the eccentric sleeve is equivalent to a cam to drive the movable cone to do rotary swing motion, so that the crusher realizes the crushing function. The eccentric bushing directly affects the crushing cavity and the crushing stroke of the crusher, thereby affecting the crushing performance of the whole crusher. The crushing cavity of the crusher has a structure with a larger upper opening and a smaller lower opening.

For example, Chinese patent document (publication number: CN 213050742U) discloses a multi-cylinder hydraulic cone crusher, which comprises a frame body, a main shaft, a body, a crushing wall, a rolling mortar wall, an adjusting sleeve, a supporting sleeve and a safety cylinder device, wherein a crushing cavity is formed between the rolling mortar wall and the crushing wall; the fixing piece is arranged outside the rolling mortar wall, the support table is arranged on the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve, and the fixing piece is supported by the support table to form an assembling and fixing structure for the rolling mortar wall. The utility model discloses a set up round brace table in the adjustment cover, rolling the mortar wall outside and setting up the round mounting, hold the mounting by a brace table and realize fixed to the assembly of rolling the mortar wall, just so need not set up the U-shaped screw, need the problem that high accuracy operation could aim at when having solved the adoption U-shaped screw for the installation of rolling the mortar wall is all very simple with the dismantlement, greatly improves the installation effectiveness, has reduced installation time.

Although above-mentioned technical scheme possesses rational in infrastructure, advantages such as the assembly is convenient, nevertheless eccentric cover is still like most cone crusher among the prior art, and eccentric distance of eccentric cover is crescent from top to bottom, and the crushing stroke of the upper portion movable cone in the broken chamber of result is little and the crushing stroke of lower part is big to lead to moving cone lower part load height and welt wearing and tearing inhomogeneous (the wearing and tearing of the little lower part of welt upper portion are many), the welt low-usage. More importantly, the existing movable cone is driven by the eccentric sleeve to do periodic gyratory motion along the circumferential direction, and viewed from the crushing cavity, in the circumferential direction, the material to be crushed in unit width only undergoes one extrusion crushing in one gyratory period and immediately falls, and the material is most likely to leave the crushing cavity only after being formed into a sheet shape and not being crushed; in addition, under the instantaneous state of the rotating action of the movable cone, the lining plate on the movable cone is only contacted with the fixed cone assembly within one unit width, the relative position of the unit width is the widest position of the crushing cavity at the moment, and part of the flaky uncrushed materials can fall off the crushing cavity from the space; all of the above conditions lead to undesirable crushing effects.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a layered cone crusher, aiming at solving the problem that partial materials to be crushed are insufficiently crushed in the periodic gyratory motion of a movable cone of the existing crusher in the background art, and the layered cone crusher utilizes sub-cones of each layer of the layered movable cone to alternately extrude and crush the materials to be crushed in a crushing cavity in the vertical direction in the rotating process of an eccentric sleeve, so that the materials to be crushed undergo multiple crushing in the falling process of the crushing cavity, and the crushing effect is obviously improved.

The second invention aims to solve the problem of low utilization rate of the lining plate caused by uneven wear of the lining plate.

The third invention aims to solve the problem that the transverse flaky material to be crushed is easy to escape from the layered movable cone for extrusion crushing.

In order to realize the first invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a layered cone crusher, includes main shaft and fixed cone assembly, be provided with eccentric cover on the main shaft, be provided with the layered cone that moves on the eccentric cover, the layered cone that moves includes a plurality of layers of subcones, and each subcone is equal eccentric cup joints in eccentric cover, and each subcone extrudes in turn and bumps the inner wall of fixed cone assembly when eccentric cover rotates. The motor drives the eccentric sleeve to rotate through the transmission device, the layered movable cone rotates and swings under the urging of the eccentric sleeve, the space between the layered movable cone and the fixed cone assembly is a crushing cavity, and materials are crushed in the crushing cavity after being extruded and impacted for multiple times. Because the sealing layer is formed by that the movable cone body comprises a plurality of sub cone bodies eccentrically arranged on the eccentric sleeve, when a certain sub cone body (which can be called as a first sub cone body) is extruded and collided with the positioning assembly, the sub cone bodies (which can be called as a second sub cone body and a third sub cone body) adjacent to the sub cone bodies do not extrude and collide with the positioning assembly, but the second sub cone body or the third sub cone body only extrudes and collides with the fixed cone assembly along with the contact and extrusion state of the first sub cone body in the continuous rotating process of the movable cone body, the alternative extrusion crushing mode effectively avoids the possibility that materials cannot be continuously crushed due to the fact that the materials escape from a single rotating period to extrude or crush the fixed cone assembly, the materials are subjected to more effective layered lamination crushing through the staggered extrusion and collision of the adjacent sub cone bodies on the fixed cone assembly, and the crushing effect is obviously improved through multiple times of crushing.

Preferably, each sub-cone is in a circular truncated cone structure, and the inclination angle of the generatrix of each sub-cone corresponds to the inclination angle of the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly. Although the layered movable cone is provided with a plurality of layers of sub-cones, the inclination angle of the outer wall of each sub-cone is in accordance with the inclination angle of the lining plate of the inner wall of the positioning assembly, so that the sub-cones and the positioning assembly complete the extrusion of materials when the movable cone rotates back.

Preferably, the eccentric lines of all the sub-cones are equally divided by 360 degrees, and the eccentric angles between the eccentric lines of the adjacent sub-cones are equal in size. The connecting line of the eccentric shaft center of each sub cone and the main shaft center is an eccentric line, and the eccentric angle between the eccentric lines of adjacent sub cones is marked as alpha; depending on the number of sub-cones, the angle value of α is also different: specifically, when the number of the sub-cones is four, the eccentric angle α =90 °; when the number of the sub-cones is six, the eccentric angle α =60 °.

Furthermore, the eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the main shaft, and when the eccentric sleeve rotates, the sub-cones from top to bottom can sequentially extrude and touch the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly. Because the eccentric angles alpha of the adjacent sub-cones are equal in size, and the rotating speed of the eccentric sleeve is constant, when the eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are sequentially arranged along the rotating direction of the main shaft, the time intervals of the sub-cones from top to bottom contacting the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly are consistent in the same unit width of the crushing cavity, the design can ensure that after materials enter the crushing cavity from the feeding hole and are extruded and crushed by the uppermost sub-cone, products of the materials can be extruded and crushed by the sub-cones in the falling process, namely, each material can bear the extrusion crushing times of the number of the sub-cones in the falling process instead of single or twice crushing of the traditional cone crusher, and the crushing efficiency and the crushing quality of the cone crusher are greatly improved.

In order to solve the second purpose of the invention, the outer edge of the sub-cone is circumferentially provided with a wear-resistant bushing which is detachably connected with the sub-cone. The wear-resistant layer cover is different from a traditional wear-resistant lining plate, and the outer edge of the sub-cone is coated in a surrounding mode, so that the upper exposed surface and the lower exposed surface of the sub-cone can be covered by wear-resistant materials, and the wear resistance of the layered movable cone is improved in all directions.

Furthermore, a connecting groove is formed in the middle of the wear-resistant lining, a connecting ring is arranged on the outer edge of the sub cone, the connecting ring is connected with the connecting groove in an inserting mode, and the thickness of the connecting ring is smaller than that of the sub cone.

Further, the connecting ring and the sub cone are integrally formed.

The go-between is thinner than the middle part main part of sub-cone, particularly, the upper and lower both sides at sub-cone border all are provided with the annular, and two annular have reduced the thickness of sub-cone and have formed the go-between naturally, the go-between is inserted and is closed the spread groove of wear-resisting bush, can ensure that the separation of wear-resisting bush can not appear in the long-term working process of layer-stepping movable cone, improves the job stabilization nature of movable cone. More importantly, because each wear-resisting bush all can dismantle the sub-cone of connector, consequently when the upper and lower bush degree of wear is inconsistent, operating personnel accessible changes the serious wear-resisting bush of wearing and tearing alone and carries out the plant maintenance, and whole maintenance cycle accessible replaces gradually the wear-resisting bush completion on each layer of sub-cone, and not change whole wear-resisting bush when wearing and tearing are serious in wear-resisting bush one place at every turn, greatly promotes the utilization ratio of wear-resisting bush, reduces the plant maintenance cost.

Preferably, the plurality of layers of the sub-cones are detachably connected to the eccentric sleeve. In addition, the sub-cone can also be detachably connected with the eccentric sleeve, and an operator can replace sub-cones with different eccentric angle combinations or different sizes according to production requirements to adjust the performance parameters of the layered movable cone, so that the requirements of various crushing tasks are met, and the universality of the crusher is effectively improved.

In order to solve the third object of the present invention, the thicknesses of the plurality of layers of sub-cones decrease from top to bottom. Because the thickness of the sub-cones decreases gradually from top to bottom, and the materials are crushed by the extrusion of each sub-cone, the sub-cones which gradually narrow can more effectively improve the thinning degree, the materials can be gradually crushed layer by layer, and the crushing effect is obviously enhanced.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) in the rotating process of the eccentric sleeve, each layer of sub-cone of the layered movable cone is utilized to perform alternate extrusion crushing on the material to be crushed in the crushing cavity in the vertical direction, so that the material to be crushed undergoes multiple crushing in the falling process of the crushing cavity, and the crushing effect is obviously improved; (2) the inclination angle of the outer wall of each sub-cone body accords with the inclination angle of a lining plate of the inner wall of the positioning assembly, so that the sub-cone bodies and the positioning assembly complete extrusion on materials when the movable cone body rotates; (3) the eccentric angles alpha of the adjacent sub-cones are equal, when the eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are sequentially arranged along the rotation direction of the main shaft, the time intervals of the sub-cones from top to bottom contacting the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly are consistent within the same unit width of the crushing cavity, the design can ensure that after materials enter the crushing cavity from the feeding hole, and after the materials are extruded and crushed by the uppermost sub-cone, the products of the materials can be extruded and crushed by the sub-cones in the falling process, and the crushing efficiency and the crushing quality of the cone crusher are greatly improved; (4) when the wear degrees of the upper and lower bushings are inconsistent, an operator can independently replace the wear-resistant bushing with serious wear to perform equipment maintenance, the whole maintenance period can be completed by gradually replacing the wear-resistant bushing on each layer of the sub-cone instead of replacing the whole wear-resistant bushing when the wear of one part of the wear-resistant bushing is serious, the utilization rate of the wear-resistant bushing is greatly improved, and the equipment maintenance cost is reduced; (5) the sub-cone can also be detachably connected with the eccentric sleeve, and an operator can replace sub-cones with different eccentric angle combinations or different sizes according to production requirements to adjust the performance parameters of the layered movable cone so as to meet the requirements of various crushing tasks and effectively improve the universality of the crusher; (6) because the thickness of the sub-cones decreases gradually from top to bottom, and the materials are crushed by the extrusion of each sub-cone, the sub-cones which gradually narrow can more effectively improve the thinning degree, the materials can be gradually crushed layer by layer, and the crushing effect is obviously enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a layered dynamic cone in embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a layered dynamic cone in embodiment 2.

In the figure: 100. the device comprises a main frame, 1, a main shaft, 11, a transmission shaft, 12, a spherical bearing, 2, a fixed cone assembly, 3, an eccentric sleeve, 4, a layered movable cone, 41, a first sub cone, 42, a second sub cone, 43, a third sub cone, 44, a fourth sub cone, 45, a fifth sub cone, 46, a sixth sub cone, 5, sub cones, 51, a connecting ring, 6, a wear-resistant bushing, 61 and a connecting groove.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a layered cone crusher comprises a main shaft 1 and a fixed cone assembly 2, wherein an eccentric sleeve 3 is arranged on the main shaft 1, a layered movable cone 4 is arranged on the eccentric sleeve 3, the layered movable cone 4 comprises a plurality of layered sub-cones 5, each sub-cone 5 is connected with the eccentric sleeve 3 through the eccentric sleeve 3, and each sub-cone 5 alternately extrudes and bumps the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly 2 when the eccentric sleeve 3 rotates. Each sub cone 5 is in a circular truncated cone structure, and the generatrix inclination angle of each sub cone 5 corresponds to the inner wall inclination angle of the fixed cone assembly 2.

The motor drives the eccentric sleeve 3 to rotate through the transmission device, the layered movable cone 4 rotates and swings under the urging of the eccentric sleeve 3, the space between the layered movable cone 4 and the fixed cone assembly 2 is a crushing cavity, and materials are crushed in the crushing cavity after being extruded and impacted for multiple times. Because the sealing layer is formed by that the movable cone body comprises a plurality of sub cone bodies 5 eccentrically arranged on the eccentric sleeve 3, when a certain sub cone body (which can be called as a first sub cone body) is extruded and collided with the positioning assembly, the adjacent sub cone bodies (which can be called as a second sub cone body and a third sub cone body) of the sub cone bodies are not extruded and collided with the positioning assembly, but the second sub cone body or the third sub cone body is extruded and collided with the fixed cone assembly 2 along with the contact and extrusion state of the first sub cone body in the continuous rotating process of the movable cone body, the alternative extrusion crushing mode effectively avoids the possibility that the material cannot be continuously crushed due to the fact that the material escapes from a single rotating cycle to extrude or crush the fixed cone assembly 2, the material is subjected to more effective layered lamination crushing through the staggered extrusion and collision of the adjacent sub cone bodies on the fixed cone assembly 2, and the crushing effect is remarkably improved through multiple times of crushing. Although the layered movable cone 4 is provided with a plurality of layers of sub-cones, the inclination angle of the outer wall of each sub-cone is in accordance with the inclination angle of the lining plate of the inner wall of the positioning assembly, so that the sub-cones and the positioning assembly complete the extrusion of materials when the movable cone rotates.

The eccentric lines of all the sub-cones are arranged in an equal 360-degree mode, and the eccentric angles between the eccentric lines of the adjacent sub-cones are equal in size. The eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are sequentially arranged along the rotating direction of the main shaft 1, and when the eccentric sleeve 3 rotates, the sub-cones from top to bottom can sequentially extrude and touch the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly 2.

The connecting line of the eccentric shaft center of each sub cone and the center of the main shaft 1 is an eccentric line, and the eccentric angle between the eccentric lines of adjacent sub cones is marked as alpha; depending on the number of sub-cones, the angle value of α is also different: specifically, when the number of the sub-cones is four, the eccentric angle α =90 °; because the eccentric angles alpha of the adjacent sub-cones are equal in size, and the rotating speed of the eccentric sleeve 3 is constant, when the eccentric lines of the sub-cones from top to bottom are sequentially arranged along the rotating direction of the main shaft 1, the time intervals of the sub-cones from top to bottom contacting the inner wall of the fixed cone assembly 2 are consistent within the same unit width of the crushing cavity, the design can ensure that after materials enter the crushing cavity from the feeding port, the products can be extruded and crushed by the sub-cones in the falling process after the materials are extruded and crushed by the uppermost sub-cone, namely, each material can bear the extrusion crushing times of the number of the sub-cones in the falling process instead of single or twice crushing of the traditional cone crusher, and the crushing efficiency and the crushing quality of the cone crusher are greatly improved. As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment includes a first sub-cone 41, a second sub-cone 42, a third sub-cone 43, and a fourth sub-cone 44, the four sub-cones are sequentially disposed by 90 ° in a deflected manner, and centers of the sub-cones are distributed in a square manner in the circumferential direction of the eccentric sleeve 3 as shown in the figure, so as to ensure that the four sub-cones sequentially impact the fixed cone assembly 2 within the same unit width.

In the actual assembly process, the sizes of the eccentric angles alpha of the adjacent sub-cones are only required to be equal, the specific eccentric angle value is obtained according to a test, the purpose of the test is to obtain the size of the fixed cone assembly after the size of the fixed cone assembly is determined, the proper eccentric angle can be obtained under the condition that the whole layered movable cone body does not interfere with the fixed cone assembly under the driving of the eccentric sleeve, the layered movable cone assembled according to the eccentric angle of the numerical value can avoid the hidden trouble of interference in the working process, meanwhile, after the upper-layer sub-cone body carries out primary extrusion crushing action, when the material crushed at one time falls to the height of the second-layer sub-cone body, the second-layer sub-cone body just rotates to the same angle as the upper-layer sub-cone body for crushing, therefore, the materials subjected to primary crushing are crushed for the second time smoothly, and by analogy, the materials are subjected to crushing times according with the number of layers of the sub-cones in the falling process. In summary, the value of the eccentric angle is determined by the number of the fixed cone assembly and the sub-cones, and in the embodiment, the eccentric angle is between 30 ° and 90 °.

In order to solve the second purpose of the invention, the outer edge of the sub-cone is circumferentially provided with a wear-resistant bushing 6, and the wear-resistant bushing 6 is detachably connected with the sub-cone. The middle part of the wear-resistant bush 6 is provided with a connecting groove 61, the outer edge of the sub cone is provided with a connecting ring 51, the connecting ring 51 is connected with the connecting groove 61 in an inserting mode, and the thickness of the connecting ring 51 is smaller than that of the sub cone. The connection ring 51 is integrally formed with the sub-cone.

The wear-resistant layer cover is different from a traditional wear-resistant lining plate, and the outer edge of the sub-cone is coated in a surrounding mode, so that the upper exposed surface and the lower exposed surface of the sub-cone can be covered by wear-resistant materials, and the wear resistance of the layered movable cone 4 is improved in all directions. The go-between 51 is thinner than the middle part main part of sub-cone, and particularly, the upper and lower both sides at sub-cone border all are provided with the annular, and two annular have reduced the thickness of sub-cone and have formed the go-between 51 naturally, go-between 51 inserts the spread groove 61 of closing wear-resisting bush 6, can ensure that the separation of wear-resisting bush 6 can not appear in the long-term working process of layer-stepping movable cone 4, improves the job stabilization nature of movable cone. More importantly, because each wear-resisting bush 6 all can dismantle the sub-cone of connector, consequently when the upper and lower bush degree of wear is inconsistent, operating personnel accessible changes the serious wear-resisting bush 6 of wearing and tearing alone and carries out the plant maintenance, and whole maintenance cycle accessible replaces gradually the wear-resisting bush 6 on each layer of sub-cone and accomplishes, and not every wear-resisting bush 6 appears wearing and tearing when serious, changes whole wear-resisting bush 6, greatly promotes the utilization ratio of wear-resisting bush 6, reduces the plant maintenance cost.

In addition, the plurality of layers of the sub-cones can be detachably connected to the eccentric sleeve 3. In addition, the sub-cone can also be detachably connected with the eccentric sleeve 3, and an operator can replace sub-cones with different eccentric angle combinations or different sizes according to production requirements to adjust the performance parameters of the layered movable cone 4 so as to meet the requirements of various crushing tasks and effectively improve the universality of the crusher.

In order to solve the third object of the present invention, the thicknesses of the plurality of layers of sub-cones decrease from top to bottom. Because the thickness of the sub-cones is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the materials are crushed by the extrusion of each sub-cone, the sub-cones which are gradually narrowed can effectively improve the thinning degree, prevent the transverse flaky materials from escaping and being crushed in the falling process, gradually crush the materials which are not crushed, and gradually increase the crushing effect layer by layer.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cone crusher mainly comprises a main frame 100, a main shaft 1, a transmission shaft 11, an eccentric sleeve 3, a spherical bearing 12, a crushing cone, an adjusting device, an adjusting sleeve, a spring, a feed opening, and the like. Crusher main frame 100 comprises last support body and lower support body, and both pass through the pneumatic cylinder and connect, have wear-resisting welt and safety cover in: the upper frame body is a welding part, a wear-resistant copper plate is welded at the upper opening of the upper frame body, and the lower frame body is an integral steel casting. The main shaft 1 and the lower frame center hub of the main frame 100 are assembled by conical surface small interference fit, and the main shaft 1 is provided with an axial lubricating oil hole and a radial lubricating oil hole. The eccentric sleeve 3 is internally provided with a high-lead bronze bushing fixed by screws; the lower part is provided with a large bevel gear and a thrust bearing through bolts, wherein the upper thrust bearing is a forged steel part, and the lower thrust bearing is a high-lead bronze part; in addition, a counterweight component fixed by a bolt is also arranged on the eccentric shaft sleeve, and lead is filled in the counterweight component and a wear-resistant protective lining plate is arranged in the counterweight component. The upper part of the layered movable cone 4 is fixedly connected with a feeding plate component by adopting a bolt, and the lower part is provided with a spherical bearing bush which can be matched with a spherical steel tile arranged in the sleeve; a wear-resistant bushing 6 made of high manganese steel is arranged outside the sub-cone, and epoxy resin is filled in a gap between the movable cone and the wear-resistant bushing 6; the interior of the movable cone is provided with an upper high lead bronze bushing and a lower high lead bronze bushing. A feeding hopper is arranged at the upper part of the fixed cone assembly 2; a high manganese steel wear-resistant lining plate fixed by a large-diameter bolt is arranged inside the fixed cone assembly 2, and epoxy resin is filled between the fixed cone assembly and the wear-resistant lining plate; the external part of the fixed cone assembly 2 is provided with trapezoidal threads matched with the adjusting ring. The adjusting ring is an assembly and consists of an adjusting ring, a clamping ring, a cam follower, a hydraulic motor and the like; the clamping ring is internally provided with trapezoidal threads which can be connected with the fixed cone; the upper portion of the adjustment ring is fitted with main frame 100 fixing pins and guide rods to prevent rotation of the adjustment ring within the main frame 100. This embodiment still includes unit lubricating arrangement: the device consists of a lubricating oil tank, a motor oil pump, a filtering device, a cooling device and a control device. The transmission shaft 11 comprises a high-power main driving motor, a small bevel gear on a horizontal shaft drives a large bevel gear and the eccentric sleeve 3 through a triangular belt wheel transmission device, and a box body of the horizontal shaft is an integral iron casting and is fixed on the main frame 100 through bolts. In addition, a hydraulic motor can be used for driving a pinion, and the pinion drives a large gear ring on the adjusting cap, so that the fixed cone assembly 2 is driven to rotate, and the purpose of adjusting the gap between the fixed cone lining plate and the wear-resistant lining 6 is achieved. Each sub-cone in the layered movable cone is provided with a shaft hole in advance according to eccentric angle data obtained by experimental design, and is installed with the eccentric sleeve from bottom to top according to the assembly mode of the traditional integrated movable cone, so that each sub-cone is ensured to be stably assembled with the eccentric sleeve, and interference phenomenon can not be generated during rotation. Meanwhile, the gap height between adjacent sub-cones is adjusted according to an actual assembly process, and a sealing layer is added according to needs, so that the problem that the sub-cones generate axial deviation to influence the crushing effect due to the fact that materials enter the gaps in the working process that the layered movable cones rotate along with the eccentric sleeves is avoided, the workload of operators for maintaining the eccentric sleeves and the layered movable cones is reduced, and the working stability of the cone crusher is improved.

In the working process of the cone crusher, the motor drives the eccentric sleeve 3 to rotate through the transmission device, the layered movable cone 4 rotates and swings under the urging of the eccentric sleeve 3, the section of the movable cone close to the fixed cone assembly 2 becomes a crushing cavity, and materials are crushed by multiple times of extrusion and impact of the movable cone and the fixed cone assembly 2. When the movable cone body leaves the section, the materials crushed to the required granularity at the section fall down under the action of self gravity and are discharged from the cone bottom. The movable cone and the fixed cone assembly 2 cooperate with each other to realize the crushing of materials, and the crusher has the hydraulic system to adjust the size of the ore discharge port of the crusher, and the hydraulic system can effectively ensure the safe operation of the equipment. When foreign matters exist in the crushing cavity, the hydraulic system can make the movable cone automatically move downwards, and when the foreign matters are discharged, the system can make the movable cone which moves downwards automatically reset. It is noteworthy that the materials are pressed against each other, ground and broken at their cracks and defects, a process known as lamination breaking. Normally, in the field operation of a cone crusher, single particle crushing is considered to occur only when the material is of a large size, or the crushing chamber size is small enough that an effective crushing layer cannot be formed, i.e. only the material at the feed and discharge openings. The material and the material are certainly mutually squeezed and are mostly crushed in the condition that the material is laminated and crushed at other positions of the crushing cavity.

The lamination crushing theory refers to that materials are extruded and crushed in a multilayer distribution mode in a crushing cavity, the materials are subjected to extrusion force of a movable cone and a fixed cone in the crushing process, extrusion collision is generated among the materials, and the crushing condition of the materials in the crushing cavity is reflected really. Certainly, if the materials are required to be laminated and crushed, certain preconditions need to be met:

(1) fully feeding: because a certain number of material layers can be formed only by full feeding, the lamination crushing effect can be realized, and when the number of the crushing layers is 6-10, the energy-saving effect is obvious, and the advantage of high lamination crushing yield can be embodied;

(2) uniformly feeding: the uniform feeding can ensure that the stress distribution of the materials is reasonable, so that the crusher can work stably;

(3) the granularity is uniform: because small materials protect large materials from crushing when the materials are very different in size geometry, i.e., the fines protection phenomenon, in order to avoid this phenomenon, the feed should be uniform in size;

(4) filling degree: when the filling rate of the material is too small, powdery particles appear, certain waste is caused, and the effect of lamination and crushing is further reduced; when the filling rate is too large, the materials are too compact and easy to agglomerate, and the crushing is not facilitated, so a series of tests show that the filling rate of 0.55-0.75 is more favorable for the lamination crushing.

In conclusion, the realization conditions of lamination crushing have higher requirements on materials, but in the actual production process, because the types and the qualities of the materials are different, the four requirements cannot be completely met, so that the requirements of the lamination crushing on the materials are reduced by the aid of the eccentrically arranged sub-cones, and the lamination crushing is still kept under the condition that the conditions cannot be completely met. Particularly, when the uniformity of the particle size of the material is poor, the sub-cones with the thicknesses decreasing from top to bottom can crush the material layer by layer, and crush the material with larger particles for multiple times in advance, so that the material particles with large or small sizes can be uniformly crushed under the action of the sub-cones extruded alternately.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3, unlike embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the number of the sub-cones of the layered movable cone 4 is six, and the sub-cones include a first sub-cone 41, a second sub-cone 42, a third sub-cone 43, a fourth sub-cone 44, a fifth sub-cone 45, and a sixth sub-cone 46, the centers of the sub-cones are distributed in the circumferential direction of the eccentric sleeve 3 as shown in the figure, and the eccentric angle α =60 °. Different numbers of the movable cones can obtain the crushing effect of different thinning degrees, the extrusion times of the falling process of the materials are positively correlated with the number of the sub-cones, and operators can select the layered movable cones 4 with different numbers of the sub-cones according to different production requirements. Similar to the embodiment 1, the eccentric angle value is determined by the fixed cone assembly and the number of the sub-cones, and in the embodiment, the eccentric angle of the adjacent sub-cones is between 30 degrees and 60 degrees on the basis that the eccentric angles of the adjacent sub-cones are the same.

In addition to the above embodiments, the technical features of the present invention can be re-selected and combined to form new embodiments within the scope of the claims and the specification of the present invention, which are all realized by those skilled in the art without creative efforts, and thus, the embodiments of the present invention which are not described in detail should be regarded as the specific embodiments of the present invention and are within the protection scope of the present invention.