阅读说明：本技术 斜齿行星排精密加工方法 (Precision machining method for helical gear planetary row ) 是由 周友国 王虎 陈绍龙 李云飞 黄进 刘宇 刘燕 于 2021-08-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：发明提供斜齿行星排精密加工方法。该加工方法包括、加工薄壁齿圈、加工行星框架、加工行星齿轮和加工行星齿轮轴等步骤。行星齿轮和加工行星齿轮轴的粗磨加工和精磨加工采用不同粒度和硬度的砂轮进行。该加工方法突破高精度孔加工基准及刀具选择技术、不同粒度和硬度的砂轮在精密磨削中的应用等关键技术,通过优化工艺、使用专用工装、调整工艺参数等措施,控制齿圈加工变形,提高了部件制造合格率和精度,进一步保证了航天产品变速箱、AT变速箱质量的一致性和可靠性。(The invention provides a precision machining method for a helical gear planetary row. The machining method comprises the steps of machining the thin-wall gear ring, machining the planet frame, machining the planet gear shaft and the like. The coarse grinding and the fine grinding of the planet gear and the planet gear shaft are carried out by adopting grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness. The machining method breaks through key technologies such as high-precision hole machining reference and cutter selection technology, application of grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness in precision grinding and the like, controls the machining deformation of the gear ring by measures such as optimizing the process, using a special tool, adjusting process parameters and the like, improves the qualified rate and precision of part manufacturing, and further ensures the consistency and reliability of the quality of aerospace products such as gearboxes and AT gearboxes.)

1. The precision machining method of the helical gear planetary row is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) processing a thin-wall gear ring;

2) processing the planet frame; wherein, the grinding process is carried out after the planetary frame finishes the finish turning of the appearance; clamping the planet frame by taking the inner hole and the end face as references, and selecting a shallow hole drill to set a preset hole as a process hole during boring; processing the planet shaft hole by using a semi-fine boring cutter and a fine boring cutter;

3) processing a planetary gear; the grinding process of the gear teeth of the planetary gear comprises coarse grinding and fine grinding; a tempering and stress relieving procedure is arranged between the coarse grinding and the accurate grinding;

4) processing a planetary gear shaft; the grinding process of the shaft teeth of the planetary gear shaft comprises coarse grinding and fine grinding; and a working procedure of coping thimble holes is arranged between the coarse grinding and the accurate grinding.

2. The precision machining method for the helical planetary row according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coarse grinding and the fine grinding are carried out by adopting grinding wheels with different granularities and hardnesses.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, in particular to a method for processing a helical tooth planet row.

Background

The chassis gearbox and the AT gearbox of the aerospace product have important military significance. The helical gear planetary row is a core component in a gearbox product, and plays a role in transmitting rotating speed and torque and realizing gearbox gear shifting.

The chassis gearbox and the AT gearbox of the aerospace product have extremely high requirements on the precision of the helical gear planetary gear row due to the characteristics of heavy load, high precision and high reliability. However, in the existing processing technological process, the problems of serious out-of-tolerance of the position of a frame in a helical gear planet row, serious out-of-tolerance of the cylindricity of an inner hole of a planet gear, serious out-of-tolerance of the excircle cylindricity of a planet gear shaft and the like exist.

Therefore, the method for precisely machining the helical-tooth planet row is developed, and has great significance for improving the reliability of the gearbox frame.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a precision machining method for a helical tooth planet row, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose of the invention is that the precision machining method of the helical gear planetary row comprises the following steps:

1) and (5) processing the thin-wall gear ring.

2) And (4) processing the planet frame. Wherein, the grinding process is carried out after the planetary frame finishes the finish turning of the appearance. And clamping the planet frame by taking the inner hole and the end face as references, and selecting a shallow hole drill to set a preset hole as a process hole during boring. And (4) processing the planetary shaft hole by using a semi-fine boring cutter and a fine boring cutter.

3) And (5) processing the planetary gear. The grinding process of the gear teeth of the planetary gear comprises rough grinding and accurate grinding. A tempering and stress relieving procedure is arranged between the rough grinding and the accurate grinding.

4) And (5) processing the planet gear shaft. The grinding process of the shaft teeth of the planetary gear shaft comprises rough grinding and finish grinding. And a working procedure of coping thimble holes is arranged between the coarse grinding and the accurate grinding.

Further, the rough grinding process and the finish grinding process are performed by using grinding wheels with different particle sizes and hardness.

The technical effects of the invention are undoubted: the method breaks through key technologies such as high-precision hole machining reference and cutter selection technology, application of grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness in precision grinding and the like, controls the machining deformation of the gear ring by measures such as process optimization, special tool use, process parameter adjustment and the like, improves the qualified rate and precision of part manufacturing, and further ensures the quality consistency and reliability of aerospace products such as gearboxes and AT gearboxes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a planetary frame construction;

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the planetary shaft holes;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a planetary gear configuration;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the planet gear shaft.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but it should not be construed that the scope of the above-described subject matter is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the invention and the scope of the invention is covered by the present invention according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the material of the planet frame in this embodiment is ZG270-500GB/T11352-1989, and the position tolerance of the four planet axle holes processed by the prior art is too poor to meet the requirement of the drawing sheet 0.05. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the planetary gear and planetary gear shaft material 17Cr2Ni2H-Q/LP117-2000 in the embodiment needs to be carburized and quenched in order to meet the requirements of the depth of a hardened layer EHT 6100.2-0.5 mm and the surface hardness of more than or equal to 58HRC of a part. The depth of the inner hole of the planetary gear is 51mm, the diameter phi 30G6mm, the length-diameter ratio is 1.7, the planetary gear belongs to a deep long hole, and the requirement of 0.003 cylindricity of a product drawing is difficult to meet by adopting the prior art. Similarly, the length-diameter ratio 84/22 of the planet shaft is 3.88, the planet shaft belongs to a slender shaft, and the cylindricity of 0.003 is difficult to achieve.

The embodiment provides a precision machining method for a helical tooth planet row, which comprises the following steps:

1) and (5) processing the thin-wall gear ring.

2) And (4) processing the planet frame. Wherein, the grinding process is carried out after the planetary frame finishes the finish turning of the appearance. The roundness of the inner hole is improved to 0.008 by grinding the inner hole and the plane, and the perpendicularity of the inner hole and the plane is ensured to be 0.01. The mandrel is used for positioning in the inner hole and grinding the outer circle and the plane, the roundness of the outer circle can be controlled within 0.008, the coaxiality of the inner hole and the outer circle is 0.01, and the verticality of the outer circle and the plane is 0.01.

And clamping the planet frame by taking the inner hole and the end face as references, and selecting a shallow hole drill to set a preset hole as a process hole during boring. And (4) processing the planetary shaft hole by using a semi-fine boring cutter and a fine boring cutter. Before processing, the outer circle and plane jump is checked to be less than 0.015. During machining, shallow hole drilling is selected, preset hole accuracy can be guaranteed, and then a semi-fine boring cutter and a fine boring cutter are used for machining, so that the requirement that the position degree of a part is within 0.05 can be met.

3) And (5) processing the planetary gear. The grinding process of the gear teeth of the planetary gear comprises rough grinding and accurate grinding. A tempering and stress relieving procedure is arranged between the rough grinding and the accurate grinding. The common grinding wheel with large granularity and high hardness is used for grinding, and a margin of 0.15-0.2 mm is reserved, so that the efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. After coarse grinding, the part is tempered and destressed, so that grinding stress can be effectively released, and then accurate grinding is carried out. The fine grinding uses a high-quality grinding wheel with small granularity and easy falling of abrasive particles for processing, the feeding amount is strictly controlled in the processing process, and the surface roughness of the part can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, the grinding wheel has good self-sharpening performance, so that grinding burn on the surface of the part can be effectively avoided. The machining process of the common grinding machine is timely detected by the air momentum meter, and the size consistency of parts is ensured.

4) And (5) processing the planet gear shaft. The grinding process of the shaft teeth of the planetary gear shaft comprises rough grinding and finish grinding. The rough grinding and the finish grinding are carried out by adopting grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness, so that the cylindricity of the part is ensured to meet the requirement on the premise that the part does not generate burn and cracks in the grinding process. And a working procedure of coping the thimble holes is arranged between the coarse grinding and the accurate grinding, and the bounce of the thimble holes is within 0.004.

According to the method, the manufacturing of the helical gear planet row of the gearbox is taken as a research object, based on a processing process flow, aiming at the problem that the position degree of a frame, a planet gear and the shaft cylindricity in the helical gear planet row are out of tolerance, the key technologies such as a high-precision hole processing standard and a cutter selection technology, and the application of grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness in precision grinding are broken through, the position degree of the shaft hole of the planet of the frame, the cylindricity of the planet gear and the shaft are improved, the precision manufacturing of the helical gear planet row is realized, and the reliability of the frame of the gearbox is further improved. By adopting the measures, the position degree of the part is ensured to be within 0.05, and the cylindricity of the part is controlled to be within 0.003.

Example 2:

the embodiment provides a precision machining method for a helical tooth planet row, which comprises the following steps:

1) and (5) processing the thin-wall gear ring.

2) And (4) processing the planet frame. Wherein, the grinding process is carried out after the planetary frame finishes the finish turning of the appearance. And clamping the planet frame by taking the inner hole and the end face as references, and selecting a shallow hole drill to set a preset hole as a process hole during boring. And (4) processing the planetary shaft hole by using a semi-fine boring cutter and a fine boring cutter. Through measures such as converting machining standards, selecting proper machining tools and cutting parameters, the position degree of the planetary shaft holes of the frame is improved, and the product design requirements are met.

3) And (5) processing the planetary gear. The grinding process of the gear teeth of the planetary gear comprises rough grinding and accurate grinding. The rough grinding and the finish grinding are carried out by adopting grinding wheels with different granularities and hardness, so that the cylindricity of the part is ensured to meet the requirement on the premise that the part does not generate burn and cracks in the grinding process. A tempering and stress relieving procedure is arranged between the rough grinding and the accurate grinding.

4) And (5) processing the planet gear shaft. The grinding process of the shaft teeth of the planetary gear shaft comprises rough grinding and finish grinding. The coarse grinding and the fine grinding are carried out by adopting grinding wheels with different granularities and hardnesses. And a working procedure of coping thimble holes is arranged between the coarse grinding and the accurate grinding.

According to the embodiment, by optimizing technological measures, the position degree of the frame planet shaft hole and the cylindricity of the planet gear and the planet gear shaft are improved, and the helical gear planet row meeting the requirements is manufactured.