阅读说明：本技术 一种直升机平尾区域流场速度的测量装置及方法 (Device and method for measuring flow field speed of horizontal tail area of helicopter ) 是由 黄明其 徐栋霞 何龙 武杰 王畅 彭先敏 于 2021-11-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于流场测量技术领域,具体涉及一种直升机平尾区域流场速度的测量装置及方法。本发明的测量装置包括连接于旋翼模型试验台的直线模组,直线模组的输出端上连接有尾支杆,尾支杆的另一端连接有倾角机构,倾角机构上连接有测量耙安装架,测量耙安装架上安装有尾流测量耙。本发明的测量方法包括如下步骤：根据具体试验要求确定尾流测量耙安装角度及安装位置；根据试验任务要求改变风洞来流速度、旋翼转速、旋翼轴倾角、机身迎角、机身侧滑角等试验变量,获得不同试验状态下该平尾区域的流场速度；分析平尾区域流场速度受旋翼尾流的影响规律。本发明提供了一种直升机平尾区域流场速度的测量装置及方法。(The invention belongs to the technical field of flow field measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring flow field speed in a horizontal tail area of a helicopter. The measuring device comprises a linear module connected to a rotor model test bed, wherein the output end of the linear module is connected with a tail support rod, the other end of the tail support rod is connected with an inclination mechanism, the inclination mechanism is connected with a measuring rake mounting frame, and a wake flow measuring rake is mounted on the measuring rake mounting frame. The measuring method of the invention comprises the following steps: determining the installation angle and the installation position of the wake flow measurement rake according to specific test requirements; changing test variables such as wind tunnel incoming flow speed, rotor wing rotating speed, rotor wing shaft inclination angle, fuselage attack angle, fuselage sideslip angle and the like according to test task requirements to obtain flow field speeds of the horizontal tail area in different test states; and analyzing the rule that the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area is influenced by the rotor wing wake flow. The invention provides a device and a method for measuring flow field speed of a horizontal tail area of a helicopter.)

1. The utility model provides a measuring device of regional flow field speed of helicopter horizontal tail, its characterized in that, including connecting in sharp module (2) of rotor model test bench (1), be connected with tail branch (3) on the output of sharp module (2), the other end of tail branch (3) is connected with tilt mechanism (4), is connected with on tilt mechanism (4) and measures harrow mounting bracket (5), measures and installs wake flow on harrow mounting bracket (5) and measures harrow (6).

2. The device for measuring the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that an angle block (7) is connected between the linear module (2) and the rotor model test stand (1).

3. The device for measuring the flow field velocity of the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the output end of the linear module (2) is connected with a movable block (21), the movable block (21) is fixed with a connecting lug (22), and the tail strut (3) is connected in the connecting lug (22).

4. The device for measuring the flow field speed of the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 1, wherein one end of the tilt mechanism (4) is connected with the tail support rod (3) through a flange, the other end of the tilt mechanism (4) is hinged with the measurement rake mounting frame (5), a plurality of positioning pin holes are formed in the tilt mechanism (4) by taking the rotation center of the measurement rake mounting frame (5) as a circle center, one positioning pin hole is formed in the measurement rake mounting frame (5), and the positioning pin hole in the measurement rake mounting frame (5) is connected with one positioning pin hole in the tilt mechanism (4) through a positioning pin.

5. The device for measuring the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring rake mounting rack (5) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the wake flow measuring rake (6) is connected with one of the mounting holes of the measuring rake mounting rack (5) through a bolt.

6. The device for measuring the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 1, wherein the wake flow measuring rake (6) comprises a connector (61), the connector (61) is connected with the measuring rake mounting frame (5) through a bolt, a measuring rake main body (62) is fixed on the connector (61), and a plurality of seven-hole probes (63) are mounted on the measuring rake main body (62).

7. The device for measuring the flow field velocity in the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 6, characterized in that the spacing between the adjacent seven-hole probes (63) is greater than 10 d; wherein d is the diameter of the seven-hole probe (63).

8. A helicopter horizontal tail area flow field velocity measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that said seven-hole probe (63) extends out of the housing portion by a length greater than 25 d; wherein d is the diameter of the seven-hole probe (63).

9. The device for measuring the flow field velocity in the horizontal tail area of the helicopter according to claim 6, characterized in that two adjacent rows of seven-hole probes (63) are arranged in a staggered manner.

10. A method of measuring flow field velocity in the horizontal tail region of a helicopter using the apparatus of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1: mounting the wake flow measuring device on a wind tunnel test platform of a rotor wing and fuselage combined model, and determining the mounting angle and the mounting position of the wake flow measuring rake (6) according to specific test requirements;

s2: changing test variables such as wind tunnel incoming flow speed, rotor wing rotating speed, rotor wing shaft inclination angle, fuselage attack angle, fuselage sideslip angle and the like according to test task requirements to obtain flow field speeds of the horizontal tail area in different test states;

s3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the flow field velocity measurement of all the predetermined horizontal tail installation position areas is completed;

s4: converting flow field velocity data V measured by a seven-hole probe (63) into velocities Vx, Vy and Vz in a wind axis system; wherein Vx is the speed of the rotor wake flow in the horizontal direction; vy is the vertical induced speed of the rotor wake; vz is the velocity of the rotor wake in the lateral direction;

s5: and drawing a curve by taking the number of the seven-hole probe (63) or the position of the seven-hole probe (63) corresponding to the number as an abscissa and the speeds V, Vx, Vy and Vz as ordinates, and further analyzing the rule that the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area is influenced by the rotor wake.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of flow field measurement, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring flow field speed in a horizontal tail area of a helicopter.

Background

Compared with a fixed wing aircraft, the wake field of a helicopter rotor wing is more complex, and because the rotor wing generates strong tip vortex and wake flow in the rotating process, the wake vortex winds around the rotor wing and generates great interference with a fuselage, a vertical tail and a tail rotor, and the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft is adversely affected. Therefore, the technical difficulty of measuring the rotor flow field is higher than that of a common aircraft. At present, researchers mainly adopt methods such as a probe measurement method, a hot-wire anemometer measurement method, a Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) method, a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method and the like to measure the velocity of a flow field. Although the LDV and PIV measuring methods have high precision, the measuring system is complex and expensive, the flow field characteristics need to be obtained by releasing particles, the requirement on the particle throwing quality is high, the concentration and the uniformity of the particles cannot be ensured in the rotor wake region with the complex flow field, and the flow field speed cannot be measured in the region where the particles cannot reach; the hot wire anemometer measurement method is relatively simple, but the probe used by the hot wire anemometer is fragile and easy to oxidize, the requirement on environment cleanliness is high, and the measurement precision is low; the probe measurement method is simple, stable and reliable in structure, the measurement accuracy is basically equivalent to that of a PIV measurement method, the measurement area is not strictly limited, the measurement equipment can change the state along with a model according to the measurement requirement, and the measurement of the rotor tail flow under different flight states can be met.

As an important component for adjusting the flight attitude of the helicopter, layout parameters such as the installation position and the installation angle of the horizontal tail have important influence on the aerodynamic characteristics, the maneuverability and the stability of the helicopter, and particularly under certain specific flight states, the horizontal tail is greatly influenced by the wake flow of the rotor wing, so that the longitudinal stability of the helicopter body is influenced. Therefore, when the fuselage layout is optimized, experimental research needs to be carried out on the determination of layout parameters such as the horizontal tail installation position and the installation angle, so as to adapt to the longitudinal static stability requirement of the helicopter in different flight states. When a horizontal tail layout parameter optimization test is carried out, a flow field of a horizontal tail installation area needs to be subjected to test research so as to obtain the influence rule of the area on rotor wakes in different flight states, and therefore optimization confirmation is carried out on the horizontal tail layout (installation position and installation angle). The probe measurement method adopted in the domestic rotor flow measurement test is mainly static measurement, the position of a measurement device and a model is relatively fixed, the effective measurement angle of the probe is limited by the maximum air flow deflection angle, the measurement area is limited, and the probe measurement method is not suitable for researching the flow field characteristics of the rotor flow in different horizontal tail installation areas. The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the flow field speed of a horizontal tail area of a helicopter.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the flow field velocity in the horizontal tail region of a helicopter, so as to obtain the influence characteristics of the rotor wake of the helicopter on the flow field in the horizontal tail region in different test states, and provide test data support for optimizing the aerodynamic layout of the horizontal tail.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a measuring device of regional flow field speed of helicopter horizontal tail, is connected with tail branch including connecting in the sharp module of rotor model test bench on the output of sharp module, and the other end of tail branch is connected with tilt mechanism, is connected with on the tilt mechanism and measures the harrow mounting bracket, measures and installs the wake on the harrow mounting bracket and measures the harrow.

During the test, can drive sharp module according to the test demand to change the horizontal position of wake measurement harrow, with the change of accurate simulation horizontal tail along the fuselage longitudinal installation position. The inclination angle of the wake flow measurement rake can be changed by changing the connection angle between the inclination mechanism and the measurement rake mounting rack. And adjusting the mounting position of the wake flow measuring rake on the measuring rake mounting frame. When a wind tunnel test of a rotor and fuselage combined model is carried out, the wake flow measuring rake can be positioned in a target wake flow measuring area, is suitable for researching the flow field characteristics of rotor wake flows in different horizontal tail mounting areas, and provides effective test data support for selecting the optimal horizontal tail mounting position and further optimizing the horizontal tail layout.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, an angle block is connected between the linear module and the rotor model test bed. The angle block is used for enabling the tail support rod to form a certain angle with the horizontal plane so as to accurately position the wake flow measuring rake to the tail leveling area of the helicopter. In order to meet the requirements of different test tasks on the installation position of the horizontal tail, the angle blocks with different angles can be replaced according to the requirements of the test tasks.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the output end of the linear module is connected with a movable block, the movable block is fixed with a connecting lug, and the tail support rod is connected in the connecting lug. The linear module drives the movable block to move, and the movable block drives the tail support rod to move, so that the horizontal position of the wake flow measuring rake is changed. The tail supporting rod is a slender round tube and is fixedly connected with the movable block through a connecting lug.

According to the preferable scheme, one end of the inclination mechanism is connected with the tail support rod through a flange, the other end of the inclination mechanism is hinged with the measuring rake mounting frame, a plurality of positioning pin holes are formed in the inclination mechanism by taking the rotating center of the measuring rake mounting frame as the circle center, one positioning pin hole is formed in the measuring rake mounting frame, and the positioning pin hole in the measuring rake mounting frame is connected with one positioning pin hole in the inclination mechanism through a positioning pin. The change of the installation angle of the wake flow measurement rake can be realized by changing the relative positions of the positioning pin holes on the measurement rake installation frame and the inclination mechanism.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the measuring rake mounting rack, and the wake flow measuring rake is connected with one of the mounting holes of the measuring rake mounting rack through a bolt. The height of the wake flow measuring rake can be changed by changing the relative position of the wake flow measuring rake and the mounting hole.

According to the preferable scheme, the wake flow measuring rake comprises a connector, the connector is connected with the measuring rake mounting frame through a bolt, a measuring rake main body is fixed on the connector, and a plurality of seven-hole probes are mounted on the measuring rake main body. The seven-hole probe can obtain the flow field velocity of the horizontal tail area under different test states.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the adjacent seven-hole probes is greater than 10d, so as to minimize the mutual interference between the seven-hole probes. Wherein d is the diameter of the seven-well probe.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, the length of the part of the seven-hole probe extending out of the shell is more than 25d, so that the influence of the rear body of the seven-hole probe on the measurement result is further reduced. Wherein d is the diameter of the seven-well probe.

As a preferable scheme of the invention, two adjacent rows of seven-hole probes are arranged in a staggered mode. The double rows of seven-hole probes are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the flow field interference between the upper row of probes and the lower row of probes can be reduced, and the measurement precision can be improved compared with a single-row wake flow measurement rake.

A method for measuring the flow field velocity of a horizontal tail area of a helicopter comprises the following steps:

s1: mounting a wake flow measuring device on a wind tunnel test platform of a rotor wing and fuselage combined model, and determining the mounting angle and the mounting position of a wake flow measuring rake according to specific test requirements;

s2: changing test variables such as wind tunnel incoming flow speed, rotor wing rotating speed, rotor wing shaft inclination angle, fuselage attack angle, fuselage sideslip angle and the like according to test task requirements to obtain flow field speeds of the horizontal tail area in different test states;

s3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the flow field velocity measurement of all the predetermined horizontal tail installation position areas is completed;

s4: converting flow field velocity data V measured by the seven-hole probe into velocities Vx, Vy and Vz in a wind axis system; wherein Vx is the speed of the rotor wake flow in the horizontal direction; vy is the vertical induced speed of the rotor wake; vz is the velocity of the rotor wake in the lateral direction;

s5: and drawing a curve by taking the number of the seven-hole probe or the position of the seven-hole probe corresponding to the number as an abscissa and the speeds V, Vx, Vy and Vz as ordinates, and further analyzing the rule that the flow field speed of the horizontal tail area is influenced by the rotor wing wake flow.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the linear module can change the horizontal position of the wake flow measuring rake, and change the inclination angle of the wake flow measuring rake by changing the connection angle between the inclination angle mechanism and the measuring rake mounting rack. And adjusting the mounting position of the wake flow measuring rake on the measuring rake mounting frame. When a wind tunnel test of a rotor and fuselage combined model is carried out, the wake flow measuring rake can be positioned in a target wake flow measuring area, is suitable for researching the flow field characteristics of rotor wake flows in different horizontal tail mounting areas, and provides effective test data support for selecting the optimal horizontal tail mounting position and further optimizing the horizontal tail layout.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a measurement rake mounting bracket;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a recliner mechanism;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wake measurement rake configuration.

In the figure, 1-rotor model test stand; 2-a linear module; 3-tail strut; 4-a tilt mechanism; 5-measuring rake mounting rack; 6-wake flow measurement rake; 7-angle block; 21-a movable block; 22-connecting lugs; 61-a connector; 62-a measurement rake body; 63-seven well probe.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the device for measuring the flow field speed of the horizontal tail area of the helicopter of the embodiment comprises a straight line module 2 connected to a rotor model test bed 1, a tail support rod 3 is connected to the output end of the straight line module 2, the other end of the tail support rod 3 is connected with an inclination mechanism 4, the inclination mechanism 4 is connected with a measurement rake mounting rack 5, and a wake flow measurement rake 6 is installed on the measurement rake mounting rack 5.

During the test, can drive sharp module 2 according to the test demand to change the horizontal position of wake measurement harrow 6, with the change of accurate simulation horizontal tail along the fuselage longitudinal installation position. The inclination angle of the wake measuring rake 6 can be changed by changing the connection angle between the tilt mechanism 4 and the measuring rake mounting bracket 5. And adjusting the installation position of the wake flow measuring rake 6 on the measuring rake installation frame 5. When a wind tunnel test of a rotor and fuselage combined model is carried out, the wake flow measuring rake 6 can be positioned in a target wake flow measuring area, is suitable for researching the flow field characteristics of rotor wake flows in different horizontal tail mounting areas, and provides effective test data support for selecting the optimal horizontal tail mounting position and further optimizing the horizontal tail layout.

As shown in fig. 2, an angle block 7 is connected between the linear module 2 and the rotor model test stand 1. The angle block 7 is used for enabling the tail support rod 3 to form a certain angle with the horizontal plane so as to accurately position the wake flow measuring rake 6 to the tail leveling area of the helicopter. In order to meet the requirements of different test tasks on the horizontal tail installation position, the angle blocks 7 with different angles can be replaced according to the requirements of the test tasks.

The output end of the straight line module 2 is connected with a movable block 21, the movable block 21 is fixed with a connecting lug 22, and the tail support rod 3 is connected in the connecting lug 22. The linear module 2 drives the movable block 21 to move, and the movable block 21 drives the tail support rod 3 to move, so that the horizontal position of the wake flow measuring rake 6 is changed. The tail strut 3 is a slender round tube and is fixedly connected with the movable block 21 through a connecting lug 22.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, one end of the tilt mechanism 4 is connected with the tail support rod 3 through a flange, the other end of the tilt mechanism 4 is hinged to the measurement rake mounting frame 5, a plurality of positioning pin holes are formed in the tilt mechanism 4 by taking the rotation center of the measurement rake mounting frame 5 as the circle center, one positioning pin hole is formed in the measurement rake mounting frame 5, and the positioning pin hole in the measurement rake mounting frame 5 is connected with one positioning pin hole in the tilt mechanism 4 through a positioning pin. The change of the installation angle of the wake flow measurement rake 6 can be realized by changing the relative positions of the positioning pin holes on the measurement rake installation frame 5 and the tilt mechanism 4.

The tilt angle mechanism 4 is provided with a round hole as a rotation center of the tilt angle mechanism 4, and a plurality of positioning pin holes are arranged at a distance R from the round hole along the circumferential direction of the arc at equal angles.

The connecting end of the measuring rake mounting frame 5 and the inclination mechanism 4 is provided with a rotating shaft hole and a positioning pin hole, and the distance between the positioning pin hole and the rotating shaft hole is R and is used for being connected with the inclination mechanism 4. The change of the mounting angle of the wake flow measuring rake 6 can be realized by changing the relative positions of the positioning pin holes of the two parts.

The measuring rake mounting frame 5 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and the wake flow measuring rake 6 is connected with one of the mounting holes of the measuring rake mounting frame 5 through a bolt. A plurality of mounting holes are uniformly distributed on the measuring rake mounting rack 5, and the height of the wake flow measuring rake 6 can be changed by changing the relative position of the wake flow measuring rake 6 and the mounting holes.

As shown in fig. 5, the wake flow measuring rake 6 comprises a connector 61, the connector 61 is connected with the measuring rake mounting frame 5 through a bolt, a measuring rake main body 62 is fixed on the connector 61, and a plurality of seven-hole probes 63 are mounted on the measuring rake main body 62. The seven-hole probe 63 is able to obtain the flow field velocity of the horizontal tail region under different test conditions.

The spacing between adjacent seven-hole probes 63 is greater than 10d to minimize interference between the seven-hole probes 63. Where d is the diameter of the seven-well probe 63.

The seven-hole probe 63 extends beyond the housing portion by a length greater than 25d to further reduce the effect of the rear body of the seven-hole probe 63 on the measurement results. Where d is the diameter of the seven-well probe 63.

Two adjacent rows of seven-hole probes 63 are staggered. The double rows of seven-hole probes 63 are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the flow field interference between the upper row of probes and the lower row of probes can be reduced, and the measurement precision can be improved compared with the single row of wake flow measurement rake 6.

When a wind tunnel test of a rotor wing and fuselage combined model is carried out, the wake flow measurement rake 6 is positioned to a flow field area at the horizontal tail position, probes on the wake flow measurement rake 6 are numbered from left to right according to the course by 1-N (N is the maximum number of single-row probes), the wake flow measurement rake 6 needs to be symmetrical left and right along the longitudinal plane of the fuselage when being installed, and the transverse span of the wake flow rake needs to ensure that the probes can obtain flow field data in the horizontal tail spanwise range.

A method for measuring the flow field velocity of a horizontal tail area of a helicopter comprises the following steps:

s1: mounting the wake flow measuring device on a wind tunnel test platform of a rotor wing and fuselage combined model, and determining the mounting angle and the mounting position of the wake flow measuring rake 6 according to specific test requirements;

s2: changing test variables such as wind tunnel incoming flow speed, rotor wing rotating speed, rotor wing shaft inclination angle, fuselage attack angle, fuselage sideslip angle and the like according to test task requirements to obtain flow field speeds of the horizontal tail area in different test states;

s3: repeating the steps S1 and S2 until the flow field velocity measurement of all the predetermined horizontal tail installation position areas is completed;

s4: converting the flow field velocity data V measured by the seven-hole probe 63 into velocities Vx, Vy and Vz in the wind axis system; wherein Vx is the speed of the rotor wake flow in the horizontal direction; vy is the vertical induced speed of the rotor wake; vz is the velocity of the rotor wake in the lateral direction;

s5: and drawing a curve by taking the number of the seven-hole probe 63 or the position of the seven-hole probe 63 corresponding to the number as an abscissa and the speeds V, Vx, Vy and Vz as ordinates, and further analyzing the rule that the flow field speed in the horizontal tail area is influenced by the rotor wake.

The rotor wing wake flow measuring device can drive the measuring device to a target wake flow measuring area, and is suitable for researching the flow field characteristics of the rotor wing wake flow in different horizontal tail installation areas. The rotor wing wake flow measuring device can change the measuring angle according to the distribution characteristics of the wake flow field, and ensures that the maximum air flow deflection angle relative to the probe body axis is in an effective measuring range, so that the measured data is more accurate and effective. The rotor wing wake flow measuring method can obtain the influence rule of the rotor wing wake flow on the flow field characteristics of different horizontal tail installation positions, and provides effective test data support for selecting the optimal horizontal tail installation position and further optimizing the horizontal tail layout.

The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.