阅读说明：本技术 一种高性能陶瓷保温板的制备方法 (Preparation method of high-performance ceramic insulation board ) 是由 陈莉 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种高性能陶瓷保温板的制备方法,按照质量份数计,包括以下原料：改性陶瓷纤维20～30份、硅藻土25～35份、发泡剂3～8份、石英砂15～30份、抗裂纤维10～20份、焦粉12～18份、硼砂8～14份、柠檬酸10～16份、黏土10～15份、尿素5～10份。本发明中的高性能陶瓷保温板具有优异的保温性能、防水性能和吸音性能的特点,在建筑材料技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 25-35 parts of diatomite, 3-8 parts of a foaming agent, 15-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of anti-crack fiber, 12-18 parts of coke powder, 8-14 parts of borax, 10-16 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of urea. The high-performance ceramic insulation board has the characteristics of excellent insulation performance, waterproof performance and sound absorption performance, and has wide prospects in the development of the building material technology industry.)

1. The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic insulation board is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 25-35 parts of diatomite, 3-8 parts of a foaming agent, 15-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of anti-crack fiber, 12-18 parts of coke powder, 8-14 parts of borax, 10-16 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of urea;

the modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fibers into a titanium trichloride solution, stirring and modifying for 2-6 hours at 50-60 ℃, filtering, drying filter residues for 2-4 hours at 95-100 ℃, and cooling;

2) carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 550-600 ℃ for 3-5 h, adding a water glass solution with the mass concentration of 15-20%, stirring for 2-5 h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid substance in a furnace, heating to 800-900 ℃, heating for 1.5-3 h, and cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 1-1.5 ℃/min to obtain modified ceramic fibers;

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1: weighing the raw materials of modified ceramic fiber, diatomite, a foaming agent, quartz sand, anti-crack fiber, coke powder, borax, citric acid, clay and urea according to the proportion, drying the diatomite, ball-milling the quartz sand, and screening by using a 200-300-mesh screen;

s2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-cracking fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, calcining, cooling and demolding to obtain the ceramic insulation board.

2. The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the titanium trichloride solution in the step 1) is 20-26%.

3. The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fibers to the titanium trichloride solution is (2.5-3.6): (1-1.5); the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is (2-3.2) to (0.92-1.4).

4. The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic insulation board according to claim 1, wherein the stirring speed of the stirring and mixing in the step S2 is 1500-2000 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-50 min.

5. The preparation method of the high-performance ceramic insulation board according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the calcination is performed by firstly keeping the temperature at 500-600 ℃ for 2-4 h, then heating the temperature to 900-1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1-1.5 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic heat-insulating materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-performance ceramic heat-insulating plate.

Background

The foamed ceramic insulation board is a closed-pore ceramic material with high porosity, which is prepared by taking argil tailings, ceramic fragments, river silt, adulterants and the like as main raw materials and adopting an advanced production process and a foaming technology through high-temperature roasting. The heat-insulating and heat-insulating composite material is suitable for heat insulation of building external walls, fireproof isolation zones, self-heat-insulating cold and hot bridge treatment of buildings and the like. The product has the advantages of fire prevention, flame retardance, small deformation coefficient, ageing resistance, stable performance, good ecological environmental protection, good compatibility with a wall base layer and a plastering layer, good safety and stability and the same service life with a building. More importantly, the fire-resistant grade of the material is A₁And the method overcomes the fatal defects that organic materials are afraid of naked fire and are easy to age, and fills the domestic blank of inorganic heat-insulating materials for buildings. The foamed ceramic has a three-dimensional space grid structure and high-porosity inorganic porous ceramic body, the pore diameter of the ceramic body is different from nanometer to micron, the porosity is between 20 and 95 percent, and the shape of the ceramic body is just like toughened foamed plastic or vitrified sea foamed ceramic.

The heat insulation board in the external heat insulation system of the external wall of the foamed ceramic heat insulation board is made of an inorganic non-combustible material, is non-toxic and harmless in the using process, can not generate any toxic gas under the conditions of high temperature or fire, and has excellent fireproof performance. In addition, the foamed ceramic heat-insulating plate has high strength, the drawing strength of the external wall external heat-insulating system averagely reaches 0.2MPa, the shock resistance is good, and the system is safe and reliable and is particularly suitable for sticking face bricks of high-rise buildings. Because the whole heat insulation system is basically made of inorganic materials, the foamed ceramic heat insulation board does not absorb water, the construction method is traditional, is easy to master by workers, and has easy quality control, thereby effectively preventing common defects of cracking, hollowing, water seepage, falling, face brick falling and the like of the external wall heat insulation system from two aspects of materials and construction quality. The foamed ceramic has the properties of high porosity, low thermal conductivity, thermal shock resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, weather resistance, aging resistance, non-combustibility, sound absorption, sound insulation and the like, and is currently applied to the fields of aviation, electronics, electric power, environmental protection, buildings and the like. The high-durability foamed ceramic used in the construction field has the advantages of heat insulation, heat preservation, light weight, high strength, good machinability, firm bonding with cement products and the like besides the advantages. The foamed ceramic plate is filled with closed air holes, so that the foamed ceramic plate has the characteristics of light weight and non-water absorption. The air in the sealed air holes provides good heat preservation and insulation performance.

In general, the pore size of the pores is inversely related to the dry density, the compressive strength and the tensile strength of the material itself, and is positively related to the bond strength. The foamed ceramic plate has the same compatibility with various cement-based cementing materials as the traditional ceramic building materials, and the tensile bonding strength between the foamed ceramic plate and cement mortar can reach more than 0.3MPa without using any interface agent. The foamed ceramic external thermal insulation system can be pasted by adopting common cement mortar, and the structural layer comprises a base layer, a pasting mortar layer, a thermal insulation layer, a plastering layer and a decorative surface layer. And traditional foamed ceramic heated board produces open pore structure when foaming to the inside through-hole probability that forms of system is higher, leads to foamed ceramic heated board water absorption rate higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 25-35 parts of diatomite, 3-8 parts of a foaming agent, 15-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of anti-crack fiber, 12-18 parts of coke powder, 8-14 parts of borax, 10-16 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of clay and 5-10 parts of urea.

Further, the modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fibers into a titanium trichloride solution, stirring and modifying for 2-6 hours at 50-60 ℃, filtering, drying filter residues for 2-4 hours at 95-100 ℃, and cooling.

2) Carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 550-600 ℃ for 3-5 h, adding a water glass solution with the mass concentration of 15-20%, stirring for 2-5 h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid in a furnace, heating to 800-900 ℃ for 1.5-3 h, and cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 1-1.5 ℃/min to obtain the modified ceramic fiber.

Furthermore, the mass concentration of the titanium trichloride solution in the step 1) is 20-26%.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber to the titanium trichloride solution is (2.5-3.6) to (1-1.5); the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is (2-3.2) to (0.92-1.4).

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1: the raw materials of the modified ceramic fiber, the diatomite, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea are weighed according to the proportion, then the diatomite is dried, the quartz sand is subjected to ball milling, and the quartz sand is screened by a 200-300-mesh screen.

S2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-cracking fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, calcining, cooling and demolding to obtain the ceramic insulation board.

Further, the stirring speed of the stirring and mixing in the step S2 is 1500-2000 r/min, and the stirring time is 30-50 min.

Further, in the step 2, the calcination is performed by firstly preserving heat at 500-600 ℃ for 2-4 h, then raising the temperature to 900-1000 ℃ at a rate of 2-4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the high-performance ceramic insulation board is prepared from the raw materials of modified ceramic fiber, diatomite, a foaming agent, quartz sand, anti-cracking fiber, coke powder, borax, citric acid, clay and urea, has the characteristics of excellent insulation performance, waterproof performance and sound absorption performance, and has a wide prospect in the development of the building material technology industry.

Detailed Description

The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and the embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 25 parts of diatomite, 3 parts of foaming agent, 15 parts of quartz sand, 10 parts of anti-crack fiber, 12 parts of coke powder, 8 parts of borax, 10 parts of citric acid, 10 parts of clay and 5 parts of urea.

The modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fiber into 20% titanium trichloride solution, stirring at 50 deg.C for modification for 2h, filtering, drying the filter residue for 2h at 95 deg.C, and cooling.

2) Carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 550 ℃ for 3h, adding the solid into a 15% water glass solution, stirring for 2h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid in a furnace, heating to 800 ℃ for 1.5h, and cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 1 ℃/min to obtain modified ceramic fibers; wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber to the titanium trichloride solution is 2.5: 1; the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is 2: 0.92.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the raw materials of the modified ceramic fiber, the diatomite, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea are weighed according to the mixture ratio, then the diatomite is dried, the quartz sand is ball-milled, and a 200-mesh screen is screened.

S2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixing is 1500 rpm, the stirring time is 30min, obtaining a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, performing heat preservation at 500 ℃ for 2h, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating speed of 2 ℃/min, calcining, preserving heat for 1h, cooling and demolding, and obtaining the ceramic heat preservation plate.

Example 2

A preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 35 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of foaming agent, 30 parts of quartz sand, 20 parts of anti-crack fiber, 18 parts of coke powder, 14 parts of borax, 16 parts of citric acid, 15 parts of clay and 10 parts of urea.

The modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fiber into 26% titanium trichloride solution, stirring and modifying at 60 deg.C for 6h, filtering, drying the filter residue for 4h at 100 deg.C, and cooling.

2) Carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 600 ℃ for 5h, adding the solid into a water glass solution with the mass concentration of 20%, stirring for 5h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid in a furnace, heating to 900 ℃ for 3h, and then cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 1.5 ℃/min to obtain modified ceramic fibers; wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber to the titanium trichloride solution is 3.6: 1.5; the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is 3.2: 1.4.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the raw materials of the modified ceramic fiber, the diatomite, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea are weighed according to the proportion, then the diatomite is dried, the quartz sand is subjected to ball milling, and the quartz sand is screened by a 200-300-mesh screen.

S2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing at a stirring speed of 2000 rpm for 50min to obtain a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, keeping the temperature at 600 ℃ for 4h, then heating to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 4 ℃/min, calcining for 1.5h, cooling and demolding to obtain the ceramic insulation board.

Example 3

A preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 30 parts of diatomite, 5 parts of foaming agent, 20 parts of quartz sand, 15 parts of anti-crack fiber, 14 parts of coke powder, 10 parts of borax, 12 parts of citric acid, 12 parts of clay and 7 parts of urea.

The modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fiber into 22% titanium trichloride solution, stirring and modifying at 55 deg.C for 4h, filtering, drying the filter residue for 3h at 97 deg.C, and cooling.

2) Carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 560 ℃ for 4h, adding the solid into a 17% water glass solution, stirring for 3h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid in a furnace, heating to 850 ℃ for 2h, and then cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 1.2 ℃/min to obtain modified ceramic fibers; wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber to the titanium trichloride solution is 2.9: 1.2; the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is 2.6: 1.15.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the raw materials of the modified ceramic fiber, the diatomite, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea are weighed according to the mixture ratio, then the diatomite is dried, the quartz sand is ball-milled, and a 250-mesh screen is screened.

S2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixing is 1800 rpm, the stirring time is 40min, obtaining a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, performing heat preservation at 550 ℃ for 3h, heating to 950 ℃ at the heating speed of 3 ℃/min, calcining, preserving heat for 1.2h, cooling and demolding, and obtaining the ceramic heat preservation plate.

Example 4

A preparation method of a high-performance ceramic insulation board comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of modified ceramic fiber, 22 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of foaming agent, 26 parts of quartz sand, 18 parts of anti-crack fiber, 16 parts of coke powder, 12 parts of borax, 15 parts of citric acid, 14 parts of clay and 9 parts of urea.

The modified ceramic fiber is prepared by the following method:

1) adding aluminum silicate ceramic fiber into 25% titanium trichloride solution, stirring at 58 deg.C for modification for 5 hr, filtering, drying the filter residue for 3.5 hr at 99 deg.C, and cooling.

2) Carrying out heat treatment on the solid obtained in the step 1) at 580 ℃ for 4.5h, adding the solid into a water glass solution with the mass concentration of 18%, stirring for 4h, carrying out suction filtration, placing the solid in a furnace, heating to 880 ℃ for 2.5h, and cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 1.4 ℃/min to obtain modified ceramic fibers; wherein the mass ratio of the aluminum silicate ceramic fiber to the titanium trichloride solution is 3.4: 1.4; the mass ratio of the solid obtained in the step 1) to the water glass solution is 3.1: 1.3.

The method specifically comprises the following steps:

s1: the raw materials of the modified ceramic fiber, the diatomite, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea are weighed according to the mixture ratio, then the diatomite is dried, the quartz sand is ball-milled, and a 260-mesh screen mesh is screened.

S2: adding the dried and ball-milled diatomite, the modified ceramic fiber, the foaming agent, the quartz sand, the anti-crack fiber, the coke powder, the borax, the citric acid, the clay and the urea into a stirrer, stirring and mixing, wherein the stirring speed of the mixing is 1900 rpm, the stirring time is 45min, obtaining a mixture, filling the mixture into a mold, performing heat preservation at 580 ℃ for 2-4 h, heating to 980 ℃ at the heating speed of 3.5 ℃/min, performing calcination heat preservation for 1.4h, cooling and demolding, and obtaining the ceramic heat preservation plate.

And (3) performance testing: testing the heat conductivity coefficient of a test piece by using a CD-DR3030 type heat conductivity coefficient tester for the ceramic insulation board prepared in the embodiment 1-4; detecting the water absorption rate of the ceramic insulation board prepared in the embodiment 1-4; the sound absorption rate of the test piece prepared in the embodiment 1-4 at 500Hz is detected according to the standard GB/T20247, the test result is shown in Table 1,

table 1. test results:

as can be seen from Table 1, the ceramic insulation boards prepared in the embodiments 1-4 of the invention have the characteristics of excellent insulation performance, waterproof performance and sound absorption performance, and have wide prospects in the development of the building material technology industry.