阅读说明：本技术 一种承重轮装置及基于承重轮装置的tbm空推步进方法 (Bearing wheel device and TBM air-assisted stepping method based on bearing wheel device ) 是由 胡江涛 谢祥明 乔晓锋 周南龙 金永就 钟哲 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种承重轮装置及基于承重轮装置的空推步进方法,承重轮装置包括：承重轮、加工护套、油缸组件和预制块；所述油缸组件包括油缸、上固定座、下固定座、上连接销轴、下连接销轴、上锁片和下锁片；所述油缸上端与上固定座通过所述上连接销轴连接；所述油缸下端与下固定座通过所述下连接销轴连接；所述上锁片嵌入上连接销轴,所述下锁片嵌入下连接销轴；所述加工外护套与加工内护套在油缸组件的作用下构成相对运动所述预制块与所述油缸组件连接,为油缸提供反推力,其优化了TBM空推步进施工工艺,在实际使用过程中,避免了原施工工艺条件下需停机制作工字钢才能行走的现象,提高施工效率。(The invention relates to a bearing wheel device and an air-pushing stepping method based on the bearing wheel device, wherein the bearing wheel device comprises: the bearing wheel, the processing sheath, the oil cylinder assembly and the precast block; the oil cylinder assembly comprises an oil cylinder, an upper fixed seat, a lower fixed seat, an upper connecting pin shaft, a lower connecting pin shaft, an upper locking plate and a lower locking plate; the upper end of the oil cylinder is connected with the upper fixing seat through the upper connecting pin shaft; the lower end of the oil cylinder is connected with the lower fixed seat through the lower connecting pin shaft; the upper locking plate is embedded into the upper connecting pin shaft, and the lower locking plate is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft; the outer processing sheath and the inner processing sheath form relative motion under the action of the oil cylinder assembly, the precast block is connected with the oil cylinder assembly to provide counter thrust for the oil cylinder, the TBM air-pushing stepping construction process is optimized, the phenomenon that the work steel can only move when being stopped under the original construction process condition is avoided in the actual use process, and the construction efficiency is improved.)

1. A load-bearing wheel apparatus, comprising: the bearing wheel, the oil cylinder assembly and the precast block; the oil cylinder assembly comprises an oil cylinder, an upper fixed seat, a lower fixed seat, an upper connecting pin shaft, a lower connecting pin shaft, an upper locking plate and a lower locking plate;

the upper end of the oil cylinder is connected with the upper fixing seat through the upper connecting pin shaft; the lower end of the oil cylinder is connected with the lower fixed seat through the lower connecting pin shaft; the upper locking plate is embedded into the upper connecting pin shaft, and the lower locking plate is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft;

the upper fixing seat is welded with the connecting bridge, and the lower fixing seat is welded with the bearing wheel;

the prefabricated section with the hydro-cylinder subassembly is connected, provides the thrust for the hydro-cylinder.

2. The load bearing wheel assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a processing sheath, wherein the processing sheath comprises a processing outer sheath and a processing inner sheath, one end of the processing outer sheath is welded with the connecting bridge, one end of the processing inner sheath is welded with the load bearing wheel, the other end of the processing outer sheath is connected with the processing inner sheath, the processing outer sheath is sleeved on the periphery of the processing inner sheath, and the processing outer sheath and the processing inner sheath are moved relatively under the action of the oil cylinder assembly.

3. The bearing wheel device according to claim 1, wherein the upper fixing seat and the lower fixing seat are both provided with a through hole and a plurality of internal thread holes, the upper end of the oil cylinder is provided with a through hole and a plurality of internal thread hole matched with the through hole of the upper fixing seat, the lower end of the oil cylinder is provided with a through hole and a plurality of internal thread hole matched with the through hole and 2 internal thread holes of the lower fixing seat, the upper connecting pin shaft penetrates through the through hole and the plurality of internal thread holes in the upper ends of the upper fixing seat and the oil cylinder, and the lower connecting pin shaft penetrates through the through hole and the plurality of internal thread holes in the lower ends of the lower fixing seat and the oil cylinder.

4. The load bearing wheel assembly of claim 1 wherein the number of internally threaded bores is 2 and the depth is 10 mm.

5. The load-bearing wheel assembly of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower connecting pins have a dimension of 24mm x 100 mm.

6. The load-bearing wheel assembly of claim 1, wherein the precast block is cast using C30 concrete, using a single layer of rebar, and has a precast block width of 0.7 meters.

7. A manufacturing method of a bearing wheel device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) designing an upper fixing seat, welding and fixing the upper fixing seat on a connecting bridge, manufacturing a through hole on the upper fixing seat for connecting an oil cylinder, and manufacturing 2 internal thread holes on the upper fixing seat for fixing an upper connecting pin shaft;

(2) designing an upper connecting pin shaft;

(3) designing an upper locking plate;

(4) designing an oil cylinder, after the upper fixing seat is installed, using an upper connecting pin shaft to penetrate into the upper fixing seat to connect and fix the oil cylinder, and embedding an upper locking piece into the upper connecting pin shaft;

(5) designing and processing an outer sheath, wherein one end of the outer sheath is welded with the connecting bridge;

(6) designing and processing an inner sheath, and welding one end of the processed inner sheath with a bearing wheel;

(7) designing a lower fixing seat, wherein the lower fixing seat is welded and connected with a bearing wheel, through holes are formed in the lower fixing seat and used for connecting an oil cylinder, and 2 internal thread holes are formed in the lower fixing seat and used for fixing a lower connecting pin shaft;

(8) designing a lower connecting pin shaft;

(9) designing a lower locking plate; after the lower fixing seat is installed, the lower connecting pin shaft penetrates through the lower fixing seat to connect and fix the oil cylinder, and the lower lock piece is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft;

(10) the design prefabricated section, when two lining sections, the hydro-cylinder is step-by-step forward under the effect of prefabricated section provides the reaction force, and every step-by-step distance of predetermineeing places a prefabricated section to this analogizes, goes on in succession.

8. An air-pushing stepping method based on a bearing wheel device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) when the TBM tunnels the second lining construction section, the prefabricated block is stored in a storage area, and the bearing wheel is adjusted to a proper position;

(2) the oil cylinder is extended to a proper position, and the bearing wheel is kept at a set position under the action of the hydraulic lock;

(3) the cylinder advances forward by laying a precast block at the bottom to provide a counter force for advancing forward.

9. The idle push stepping method based on a bearing wheel device as claimed in claim 8, further comprising the step (4) of retracting the oil cylinder after the idle push stroke is reached, placing the precast block in the recovery area, and performing idle push stepping again after the precast block is placed stably until the idle push stepping is completed.

10. The idle-push stepping method based on a bearing wheel device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the oil cylinder in step (3) is pushed forward, and a precast block is placed every preset distance, and so on, and the process is continuously carried out.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hard rock heading machines, in particular to a bearing wheel device and a TBM air-assisted propulsion stepping method based on the bearing wheel device.

Background

After the first section of the water diversion project of the banyangtiang customs port is communicated for 6.3km, secondary initial tunneling is carried out after the air pushing step is carried out for 1036m, in the initial construction stage, because the bearing wheel matched with equipment is only suitable for a phi 4300 hole diameter, the air pushing section is formed and has a phi 5360 hole diameter, and because of the height difference, I-shaped steel needs to be repeatedly padded under the matched bearing wheel. The improved bearing wheel device not only influences the safety of tunnel engineering and the safety of a structure, but also greatly reduces the air-pushing efficiency of the TBM equipment, increases the workload, keeps the air-pushing rate between 30m and 40m every day, improves the air-pushing rate in the later period, greatly improves the construction efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, and achieves the average daily digging number of 86.5m and the maximum height of 98 m.

At the step work initial stage of empty push, consider that the supporting shoe can not prop the country rock under the condition of the grow of hole footpath, just so can not provide the counter force and make it step-by-step forward, use the section of jurisdiction to provide under the counter force prerequisite, can cause great economic cost (8133 yuan/ring, every ring 1.4 meters), through the research discovery, use the prefabricated section to provide the counter force, can be very big saving cost (405 yuan/ring, every ring 0.7 meters), directly practice thrift cost 542 ten thousand yuan.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a TBM idle-push stepping method, which is explained by taking a water diversion engineering project of a banyangjiang gate as an example, and finds that during the idle-push process of TBM equipment, due to design defects, when the hole diameter changes, the idle-push stepping can be carried out only after I-steel is padded under a matched heavy wheel every time, so that the idle-push construction efficiency is seriously influenced, and through verification, the matched heavy wheel is found to be a welding structure, is only suitable for a phi 4300 hole diameter and does not have the applicability under the condition that the hole diameter changes, and through discussion and research of technical teams, the structure of the matched bearing wheel is changed, an oil cylinder is arranged in the matched heavy wheel, so that the applicability is increased, and the scheme is reasonable and reasonable.

In the air-pushing stepping process, the specific construction form is as follows:

(1) in the air-pushing stepping process, when in a TBM construction section, the oil cylinder is recovered to the shortest position, and the bearing wheel is kept at the position under the action of the hydraulic lock and walks in a phi 4300 pipe sheet;

(2) in the air-pushing stepping process, when in a TBM second-lining construction section, the oil cylinder extends to a proper position, and the bearing wheel is kept at the position under the action of a hydraulic lock and walks in a second-lining hole with the hole diameter of phi 5360;

(3) on the section of the second lining, counterforce is provided by the precast block, the oil cylinder is pushed forward, and the two blocks are placed one by one every 0.7m for continuous operation.

In the implementation process of the invention, the adopted welding process flow is firstly evaluated by the welding process, and a test piece sample is prepared, after being qualified, the welding can be carried out, and nondestructive detection is required after the welding is finished; and constructing all the bolt connection parts by using a torque wrench, dividing each bolt into initial screwing construction and final screwing construction, and marking by using a marking pen.

The improved bearing wheel device optimizes the TBM air-pushing stepping construction process, can adapt to the change of various hole diameter sizes in the construction process by adjusting the stroke of the built-in oil cylinder of the bearing wheel, thereby avoiding the problem that the bearing wheel cannot adjust the telescopic length when the hole diameter changes under the original construction process condition, compensating the height difference of the hole diameter change below the bearing wheel after the bearing wheel is stopped every time, and filling I-shaped steel below the bearing wheel to walk and pull the equipment trolley.

In order to solve the problems of construction difficulty and low production efficiency caused by the fact that air pushing stepping cannot be continuously operated, the invention adopts a method for air pushing stepping construction on a steel structure device. The invention discloses an improved bearing wheel device which can continuously work and construct in an air-pushing stepping process under the running state of equipment.

Specifically, the present invention provides a load-bearing wheel device comprising: the bearing wheel, the oil cylinder assembly and the precast block; the oil cylinder assembly comprises an oil cylinder, an upper fixed seat, a lower fixed seat, an upper connecting pin shaft, a lower connecting pin shaft, an upper locking plate and a lower locking plate;

the upper end of the oil cylinder is connected with the upper fixing seat through the upper connecting pin shaft; the lower end of the oil cylinder is connected with the lower fixed seat through the lower connecting pin shaft; the upper locking plate is embedded into the upper connecting pin shaft, and the lower locking plate is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft;

the upper fixing seat is welded with the connecting bridge, and the lower fixing seat is welded with the bearing wheel;

the prefabricated section with the hydro-cylinder subassembly is connected, provides the thrust for the hydro-cylinder.

Preferably, the machining protective sleeve further comprises a machining protective sleeve and a machining inner protective sleeve, one end of the machining outer protective sleeve is welded with the connecting bridge, one end of the machining inner protective sleeve is welded with the bearing wheel, the other end of the machining outer protective sleeve is connected with the machining inner protective sleeve, the machining outer protective sleeve is sleeved on the periphery of the machining inner protective sleeve, and the machining outer protective sleeve and the machining inner protective sleeve form relative motion under the action of the oil cylinder assembly;

preferably, go up the fixing base with all be provided with through-hole and a plurality of internal thread hole on the fixing base down, the hydro-cylinder upper end be provided with the through-hole of last fixing base and a plurality of internal thread hole assorted through-hole and a plurality of internal thread hole, the hydro-cylinder lower extreme be provided with the through-hole of lower fixing base and a plurality of internal thread hole assorted through-hole and 2 internal thread holes, go up connecting pin axle and pass through the through-hole and a plurality of internal thread hole of the upper end of fixing base and hydro-cylinder, connecting pin axle passes through the through-hole and a plurality of internal thread hole of the lower extreme of fixing base and hydro-cylinder down.

Preferably, the number of the internally threaded holes is 2, and the depth is 10 mm.

Preferably, the specification of the upper connecting pin shaft and the lower connecting pin shaft is 24mm × 100 mm.

Preferably, the precast block is cast using C30 concrete, in the form of single-layer steel reinforcement, and has a width of 0.7 m.

On the other hand, the invention provides a manufacturing method of a bearing wheel device, which comprises the following steps:

(1) designing an upper fixing seat, welding and fixing the upper fixing seat on a connecting bridge, manufacturing a through hole on the upper fixing seat for connecting an oil cylinder, and manufacturing 2 internal thread holes on the upper fixing seat for fixing an upper connecting pin shaft;

(2) designing an upper connecting pin shaft;

(3) designing an upper locking plate;

(4) designing an oil cylinder, after the upper fixing seat is installed, using an upper connecting pin shaft to penetrate into the upper fixing seat to connect and fix the oil cylinder, and embedding an upper locking piece into the upper connecting pin shaft;

(5) designing and processing an outer sheath, wherein one end of the outer sheath is welded with the connecting bridge;

(6) designing and processing an inner sheath, and welding one end of the processed inner sheath with a bearing wheel;

(7) designing a lower fixing seat, wherein the lower fixing seat is welded and connected with a bearing wheel, through holes are formed in the lower fixing seat and used for connecting an oil cylinder, and 2 internal thread holes are formed in the lower fixing seat and used for fixing a lower connecting pin shaft;

(8) designing a lower connecting pin shaft;

(9) designing a lower locking plate; after the lower fixing seat is installed, the lower connecting pin shaft penetrates through the lower fixing seat to connect and fix the oil cylinder, and the lower lock piece is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft;

(10) the design prefabricated section, when two lining sections, the hydro-cylinder is step-by-step forward under the effect of prefabricated section provides the reaction force, and every step-by-step distance of predetermineeing places a prefabricated section to this analogizes, goes on in succession.

The invention provides an air-pushing stepping method based on a bearing wheel device, which comprises the following steps:

(1) when the TBM tunnels the second lining construction section, the prefabricated block is stored in a storage area, and the bearing wheel is adjusted to a proper position;

(2) the oil cylinder is extended to a proper position, and the bearing wheel is kept at a set position under the action of the hydraulic lock;

(3) the cylinder advances forward by laying a precast block at the bottom to provide a counter force for advancing forward.

Preferably, the method further comprises the step (4) of retracting the oil cylinder after the idle pushing stroke is reached, placing the precast block in a recovery area, and performing idle pushing step again after the precast block is placed stably until the idle pushing step is completed.

Preferably, the oil cylinder in the step (3) is pushed forward, and a precast block is placed every time the oil cylinder is pushed forward by a preset distance, and the like, and the steps are continuously carried out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention provides an improved bearing wheel device, which optimizes a TBM air-pushing stepping construction process, avoids the phenomenon that I-steel can only travel when being stopped under the original construction process condition in the actual use process, improves the construction efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, has the average daily digging meter number of 86.5m and the maximum working capacity of 98m, provides counter force by using precast blocks, can greatly save the cost (405 yuan/ring, 0.7m per ring), and directly saves the cost of 542 ten thousand yuan.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the bearing wheel mounting construction provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bearing wheel assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cylinder provided by the present invention when not in use;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cylinder of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5-1 is a front view of the upper mounting bracket provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5-2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of A-A of FIG. 5-1;

FIG. 6-1 is a cross-sectional view of an upper connecting pin and a lower connecting pin provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 6-2 is a top view of the upper and lower connecting pins provided by the present invention;

FIG. 7-1 is a front view of the upper locking piece provided by the present invention;

FIG. 7-2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of FIG. 7-1B-B;

FIG. 8 is a front view of the cylinder provided by the present invention;

FIG. 9-1 is a front view of a processed outer sheath and a processed inner sheath provided by the present invention;

FIG. 9-2 is a side view of a processed outer sheath and a processed inner sheath provided by the present invention;

FIGS. 9-3 are top views of a processed outer sheath and a processed inner sheath provided by the present invention;

FIG. 10-1 is a front view of the lower mounting bracket provided by the present invention;

FIG. 10-2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of FIG. 10-1C-C;

FIG. 11-1 is a front view of the lower locking tab provided by the present invention;

FIG. 11-2 is a side view of the lower locking tab provided by the present invention;

FIG. 12-1 is a front view of a preform block provided by the present invention;

FIG. 12-2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of D-D of FIG. 12-1;

fig. 13 is a flowchart of the null-push stepping method provided by the present invention.

The reference numbers are as follows:

1: an upper fixed seat; 2: a pin shaft is connected; 3: locking plates are arranged; 4: an oil cylinder; 5: processing an outer sheath; 6: processing the inner sheath; 7: a lower fixed seat; 8: a lower connecting pin shaft; 9: a locking plate is arranged; 10: prefabricating blocks; 11: a second lining construction section; 12: and (5) TBM construction section.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a load-bearing wheel apparatus comprising: processing a sheath, a bearing wheel, an oil cylinder assembly and a precast block 10; the oil cylinder assembly comprises an oil cylinder 4, an upper fixed seat 1, a lower fixed seat 7, an upper connecting pin shaft 2, a lower connecting pin shaft 8, an upper locking piece 3 and a lower locking piece 9;

the upper end of the oil cylinder 4 is connected with the upper fixed seat through the upper connecting pin shaft; the lower end of the oil cylinder is connected with the lower fixed seat through the lower connecting pin shaft; the upper locking plate is embedded into the upper connecting pin shaft, and the lower locking plate is embedded into the lower connecting pin shaft;

the upper fixing seat is welded with the connecting bridge, and the lower fixing seat is welded with the bearing wheel;

the prefabricated section 10 with the hydro-cylinder subassembly is connected, provides the thrust for the hydro-cylinder.

The specification of the upper connecting pin shaft and the lower connecting pin shaft is 24mm multiplied by 100 mm. The precast block is cast by C30 concrete, and is in a single-layer steel bar form, and the width of the precast block is 0.7 m.

The processing sheath comprises a processing outer sheath 5 and a processing inner sheath 6, one end of the processing outer sheath 5 is welded with the connecting bridge, one end of the processing inner sheath 6 is welded with the bearing wheel, the other end of the processing outer sheath is connected with the processing inner sheath, the processing outer sheath is sleeved on the periphery of the processing inner sheath, and the processing outer sheath and the processing inner sheath form relative motion under the action of the oil cylinder assembly;

specifically, go up the fixing base with all be provided with through-hole and 2 internal thread holes on the fixing base down, wherein, the degree of depth is 10 mm.

The hydro-cylinder upper end be provided with the through-hole of last fixing base and 2 internal thread hole assorted through-holes and 2 internal thread holes, the hydro-cylinder lower extreme be provided with the through-hole of lower fixing base and 2 internal thread hole assorted through-holes and 2 internal thread holes, go up through-hole and 2 internal thread holes that connecting pin passed the upper end of last fixing base and hydro-cylinder, connecting pin passes the through-hole and 2 internal thread holes of the lower extreme of lower fixing base and hydro-cylinder down.

(1) The bearing wheel device provided by the invention is applied to a secondary lining section construction section 11 and a TBM construction section 12, in the air-thrust stepping process, when the TBM construction section 12 is in the air-thrust stepping process, an oil cylinder is recovered to the shortest position, and the bearing wheel is kept at the position and walks in a phi 4300 pipe sheet under the action of a hydraulic lock;

(2) in the air-pushing stepping process, when the second lining construction section 11 is in the air-pushing stepping process, the oil cylinder extends to a proper position, and the bearing wheel is kept at the position under the action of the hydraulic lock and walks in the second lining hole with the hole diameter phi 5360;

(3) on the section of the second lining, counterforce is provided by the precast block, the oil cylinder is pushed forward, and the two blocks are placed one by one every 0.7m for continuous operation.

As shown in fig. 5-1-12-2, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a bearing wheel device, which mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) an oil cylinder is designed to be connected with the upper fixed seat 1. The base is fixed on the connecting bridge in a welding connection mode, one phi 24mm through hole is manufactured on the oil cylinder connecting upper fixing seat 1 and used for connecting the oil cylinder 4, and 2 internal thread holes (M5, the depth is 10mm) are manufactured on the component and used for fixing the connecting pin shaft 2 on the oil cylinder.

(2) The designed oil cylinder is connected with a pin shaft 2 (the specification is phi 24mm multiplied by 100 mm). Under the action of the connecting pin shaft 2 on the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is connected with the upper fixed seat 1 and is connected with the oil cylinder, and the upper fixed seat is fixed by using the upper lock sheet 3.

(3) The upper locking tab 3 is designed. After the oil cylinder is connected with the upper fixed seat 1 and installed, the oil cylinder 4 is connected and fixed by penetrating the upper connecting pin shaft 2 of the oil cylinder, the connection pin shaft 2 of the oil cylinder can be scratched and fall off in the construction process, and the upper locking plate 3 is designed to be embedded into the upper connecting pin shaft 2 of the oil cylinder so as not to scratch off.

(4) And designing an oil cylinder 4. The upper end of the oil cylinder 4 is connected with an upper oil cylinder connecting fixed seat 1 through an upper oil cylinder connecting pin shaft 2, and the lower end of the oil cylinder 4 is connected with a lower oil cylinder connecting fixed seat 7 through a lower oil cylinder connecting pin shaft 8.

(5) The outer sheath 5 is designed and manufactured. One end of the processing outer sheath 5 is welded with the connecting bridge, and the processing outer sheath 5 and the processing inner sheath 6 form relative motion under the action of the oil cylinder 4, so that the purpose that the hole diameter changes is achieved, the applicability of bearing wheel construction is improved, and the construction efficiency is improved.

(6) The inner jacket 6 is designed and processed. One end of the processing inner sheath 6 is welded with the bearing wheel, and the processing outer sheath 5 and the processing inner sheath 6 form relative motion under the action of the oil cylinder 4) so as to change the hole diameter, increase the applicability of the bearing wheel construction and improve the construction efficiency.

(7) The oil cylinder is designed to be connected with a lower fixed seat 7. The oil cylinder is connected with the lower fixed seat 7 by adopting a welding connection mode and heavy wheels are connected, one phi 24mm through hole is manufactured on the oil cylinder connected with the lower fixed seat 7 and is used for connecting the oil cylinder 4, and 2 internal thread holes (M5, the depth is 10mm) are manufactured on the component and are used for fixing the oil cylinder lower connecting pin shaft 8.

(8) The pin shaft 8 (with the specification of phi 24mm multiplied by 100mm) is connected under the designed oil cylinder. Under the action of the lower connecting pin shaft 8 of the oil cylinder, the lower connecting fixed seat 7 of the oil cylinder is connected with the oil cylinder, and a lower locking plate 9 is used;

(9) the lower locking tab 9 is designed. After the oil cylinder connecting lower fixing seat 7 is installed, the oil cylinder 4 is fixedly connected by penetrating the oil cylinder upper connecting pin shaft 8, the oil cylinder lower connecting pin shaft 8 can be scratched and fall off in the construction process, and the upper locking plate (component 9) is designed to be embedded into the oil cylinder lower connecting pin shaft 8 so as not to scratch off.

(10) Precast block 10 is designed. Precast block 10 was cast using C30 concrete, using a Φ [email protected] × 100 single layer rebar format, and precast block width was 0.7 meters. When the section of the second liner is on, the oil cylinder steps forwards under the action of the counterforce provided by the precast block, and one precast block is placed every step of 0.7m, so that the steps are carried out continuously.

On the other hand, as shown in fig. 13, the present invention further provides an empty pushing stepping method based on a bearing wheel device, including the following steps:

(1) when the TBM tunnels the second lining construction section, the prefabricated block is stored in a storage area, and the bearing wheel is adjusted to a proper position;

(2) the oil cylinder is extended to a proper position, and the bearing wheel is kept at a set position under the action of the hydraulic lock;

(3) the prefabricated block is laid at the bottom to provide a counter force for forward propulsion, and the oil cylinder propels forwards;

(4) and after the air-pushing stroke is reached, retracting the oil cylinder, placing the prefabricated block in a recovery area, and after the prefabricated block is placed stably, performing air-pushing step again until the air-pushing step is completed.

Specifically, the oil cylinder in the step (3) is pushed forwards, and a precast block is placed every time the oil cylinder is pushed forwards by 0.7m, and the rest is done in succession.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the invention is not to be considered as limited to the specific embodiments thereof, but is to be understood as being modified in all respects, all changes and equivalents that come within the spirit and scope of the invention.