阅读说明：本技术 一种敞开式tbm及其喷混系统 (Open-type TBM and spraying and mixing system thereof ) 是由 刘飞香 程永亮 彭正阳 龙斌 刘志华 李深远 李祖兴 杨慧星 于 2021-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种敞开式TBM及其喷混系统,喷混系统包括相对于主体轨道轴向滑动的径向伸缩臂、与径向伸缩臂相连的径向驱动件、设于径向伸缩臂的喷头及用于检测喷头与洞壁之间的当前径向距离的径向距离检测件。当径向距离检测件检测到喷头与洞壁之间的当前径向距离与预设径向距离不一致时,控制器根据径向距离检测件反馈的信号启动径向驱动件,径向驱动件驱动径向伸缩臂沿径向伸出或回缩,直至当前径向距离与预设径向距离一致,使喷头与洞壁之间的径向距离始终保持最佳,进而减小喷料的回弹量,使喷混效果达到最佳。(The invention discloses an open TBM and a spraying and mixing system thereof. When the radial distance detection piece detects that the current radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is inconsistent with the preset radial distance, the controller starts the radial driving piece according to a signal fed back by the radial distance detection piece, and the radial driving piece drives the radial telescopic arm to extend or retract along the radial direction until the current radial distance is consistent with the preset radial distance, so that the radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is always kept to be optimal, the rebound quantity of the sprayed material is further reduced, and the spraying and mixing effect is optimal.)

1. An open TBM's spouts muddy system that connects characterized in that includes:

a radially extending and contracting arm (12) axially sliding with respect to the main body rail (11);

a radial drive member connected to the radially telescoping arm (12);

the spray head (13) is arranged on the radial telescopic arm (12);

a radial distance detection member (14) for detecting a current radial distance between the spray head (13) and the wall of the hole;

when the radial distance detection piece (14) detects that the current radial distance is inconsistent with a preset radial distance, the controller starts the radial driving piece to drive the radial telescopic arm (12) to expand and contract along the radial direction according to a signal fed back by the radial distance detection piece (14).

2. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to claim 1, further comprising:

a rotary drive member connected to the spray head (13);

an angle detection member for detecting a current injection angle of the head (13);

when the angle detection piece detects that the current injection angle is inconsistent with a preset injection angle, the controller starts the rotary driving piece to drive the spray head (13) to rotate relative to the radial telescopic arm (12) according to a signal fed back by the angle detection piece.

3. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to any of claims 1 to 2, further comprising:

a lead drill slide rail (15) that slides in the axial direction of the body rail (11);

the rotating support (16) is arranged on the advanced drilling machine slide rail (15) and rotates in the circumferential direction relative to the advanced drilling machine slide rail (15);

and the two ends of the axial telescopic arm (17) are respectively connected with the rotating bracket (16) and the radial telescopic arm (12).

4. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to claim 3, further comprising:

an axial drive member connected to the axial telescopic arm (17);

the axial distance detection piece is used for detecting the current axial distance between the spray head (13) and the surface to be sprayed of the hole wall;

when the axial distance detection piece detects that the current axial distance is inconsistent with the preset axial distance, the controller starts the axial driving piece to drive the axial telescopic arm (17) to axially extend and retract until the spray head (13) is aligned with a surface to be sprayed.

5. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to claim 3, further comprising:

a driving gear (18) fixedly connected with the rotating bracket (16);

the driven gear ring (19) is integrally arranged on the outer side of the advanced drilling machine slide rail (15) and is meshed with the driving gear (18);

and the gear driving piece is fixedly connected with the driving gear (18) and is used for driving the driving gear (18) to rotate circumferentially relative to the driven gear ring (19).

6. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to claim 5, further comprising:

a rotational speed detection member for detecting a current rotational speed of the rotating bracket (16);

when the rotating speed detection piece detects that the current rotating speed is inconsistent with a preset rotating speed, the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the gear driving piece according to a signal fed back by the rotating speed detection piece.

7. The spraying and mixing system of the open TBM according to claim 3, wherein a roller frame (20) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating bracket (16), and the roller frame (20) is provided with an upper roller (21) and a lower roller (22) which are respectively matched with the upper side and the lower side of the foredrill slide rail (15).

8. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to claim 3, further comprising:

a main body driving piece connected with the advanced drilling machine slide rail (15);

a timer;

when the timer records that the current stay time of the advanced drill slide rail (15) reaches the preset stay time, the controller starts the main body driving piece to drive the advanced drill slide rail (15) to slide along the main body track (11) for a preset propelling distance according to a signal fed back by the timer.

9. The spray mixing system of an open TBM according to any of claims 1 to 2, further comprising:

an arch frame rotating ring (23) which is provided with the radial telescopic arm (12) and slides along the axial direction of the main body track (11);

the driving gear ring is integrally arranged on the arch frame rotating ring (23);

the driven gear is arranged on the main body track (11) and is meshed with the driving gear ring;

and the circumferential driving piece (24) is connected with the driving gear ring and is used for driving the driving gear ring to rotate in the circumferential direction.

10. An open TBM comprising the spray mixing system of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an open TBM and a spraying and mixing system thereof.

Background

When the construction of an open type TBM (tunnel boring machine) encounters a weak and broken stratum, when surrounding rocks are separated from the support range of a shield and cannot be stabilized, the rocks can directly fall, and certain threats are caused to the safety of workers and equipment. In order to avoid the problem, the open-type TBM is usually provided with a spraying and mixing system, the working principle of the spraying and mixing system is to convey the pre-stirred concrete to the nozzle of the wet spraying machine through a pumping system, during the pumping process, the concrete and the liquid accelerating agent form a material beam in a conveying pipeline by means of wind pressure suspension flow and atomization, the material beam is sprayed to the bare rock surface under the action of high-pressure gas, and the accelerating agent makes the concrete quickly coagulate and harden to form a concrete support layer.

However, the existing spraying and mixing system of the open-type TBM is too simple in structure and limited by the structure of the system, and the distance between the spray head and the tunnel wall cannot be automatically adjusted according to the broken condition of the movable wall, so that the spraying and mixing effect is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides an open TBM and a spraying and mixing system thereof, in which a radial telescopic arm automatically extends and retracts according to a current radial distance between a spray head and a tunnel wall, so that the radial distance between the spray head and the tunnel wall is always kept optimal, the rebound quantity of a sprayed material is reduced, and the spraying and mixing effect is good.

The spraying and mixing system of the open TBM comprises a radial telescopic arm, a radial driving piece, a spray head, a radial distance detection piece and a controller, wherein the radial telescopic arm axially slides relative to a main body track, and the spray head is arranged on the radial telescopic arm. When the radial distance detection piece detects that the current radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is inconsistent with the preset radial distance, the controller starts the radial driving piece according to a signal fed back by the radial distance detection piece, and the radial driving piece drives the radial telescopic arm to extend or retract along the radial direction until the current radial distance is consistent with the preset radial distance, so that the radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is always kept to be optimal, the rebound quantity of the sprayed material is further reduced, and the spraying and mixing effect is optimal.

The invention provides a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM, which comprises:

a radially telescoping arm that slides axially relative to the body track;

a radial driving member connected with the radial telescopic arm;

the spray head is arranged on the radial telescopic arm;

a radial distance detecting member for detecting a current radial distance between the shower head and the hole wall;

when the radial distance detection piece detects that the current radial distance is inconsistent with the preset radial distance, the controller starts the radial driving piece to drive the radial telescopic arm to stretch and retract along the radial direction according to a signal fed back by the radial distance detection piece.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

a rotary drive member connected to the spray head;

an angle detecting member for detecting a current jetting angle of the head;

when the angle detection piece detects that the current injection angle is inconsistent with the preset injection angle, the controller starts the rotary driving piece to drive the spray head to rotate relative to the radial telescopic arm according to a signal fed back by the angle detection piece.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the advanced drilling machine sliding rail slides along the axial direction of the main body track;

the rotating bracket is arranged on the forepoling machine slide rail and rotates in the circumferential direction relative to the forepoling machine slide rail;

and the two ends of the axial telescopic arm are respectively connected with the rotating bracket and the radial telescopic arm.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

an axial driving member connected with the axial telescopic arm;

the axial distance detection piece is used for detecting the current axial distance between the spray head and the surface to be sprayed of the hole wall;

when the axial distance detection piece detects that the current axial distance is inconsistent with the preset axial distance, the controller starts the axial driving piece to drive the axial telescopic arm to axially extend and retract until the spray head is aligned with the surface to be sprayed.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the driving gear is fixedly connected with the rotating bracket;

the driven gear ring is integrally arranged on the outer side of the advanced drilling machine slide rail and meshed with the driving gear;

and the gear driving piece is fixedly connected with the driving gear and is used for driving the driving gear to rotate circumferentially relative to the driven gear ring.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

a rotation speed detecting member for detecting a current rotation speed of the rotating bracket;

when the rotating speed detecting piece detects that the current rotating speed is inconsistent with the preset rotating speed, the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the gear driving piece according to a signal fed back by the rotating speed detecting piece.

Preferably, the bottom of the rotating bracket is fixedly provided with a roller carrier, and the roller carrier is provided with an upper roller and a lower roller which are respectively matched with the upper side and the lower side of the foredrill slide rail.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the main body driving part is connected with the slide rail of the advanced drilling machine;

a timer;

when the timer records that the current stay time of the forepoling machine slide rail reaches the preset stay time, the controller starts the main body driving piece according to a signal fed back by the timer to drive the forepoling machine slide rail to slide along the main body track for a preset propelling distance.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the arch frame rotating ring is provided with a radial telescopic arm and slides along the axial direction of the main body track;

the driving gear ring is integrally arranged on the arch frame rotating ring;

the driven gear is arranged on the main body track and meshed with the driving gear ring;

and the circumferential driving piece is connected with the driving gear ring and is used for driving the driving gear ring to rotate in the circumferential direction.

The open TBM provided by the invention comprises the spraying and mixing system.

Compared with the background art, the spraying and mixing system of the open TBM provided by the invention comprises a radial telescopic arm, a radial driving piece, a spray head, a radial distance detection piece and a controller, wherein the radial telescopic arm axially slides relative to a main track, and the spray head is arranged on the radial telescopic arm. When the radial distance detection piece detects that the current radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is inconsistent with the preset radial distance, the controller starts the radial driving piece according to a signal fed back by the radial distance detection piece, and the radial driving piece drives the radial telescopic arm to extend or retract along the radial direction until the current radial distance is consistent with the preset radial distance, so that the radial distance between the spray head and the hole wall is always kept to be optimal, the rebound quantity of the sprayed material is further reduced, and the spraying and mixing effect is optimal.

The open TBM provided by the invention comprises the spraying and mixing system, and has the same beneficial effects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.

The reference numbers are as follows:

the device comprises a main body track 11, a radial telescopic arm 12, a spray head 13, a radial distance detection piece 14, a lead drill slide rail 15, a rotary support 16, an axial telescopic arm 17, a driving gear 18, a driven gear ring 19, a roller frame 20, an upper roller 21, a lower roller 22, an arch frame rotary ring 23 and a circumferential driving piece 24.

In fig. 1, a large solid arrow indicates the moving direction of a slide rail of an advanced drilling machine, a small solid arrow indicates the telescopic direction of an axial telescopic arm, and a small hollow arrow indicates the telescopic direction of a radial telescopic arm;

the solid arrows in fig. 2 indicate the moving direction of the rotating bracket;

in fig. 3, a large solid arrow indicates the moving direction of the arch frame rotating ring, and a small solid arrow indicates the telescopic direction of the radial telescopic arm;

the solid arrows in fig. 4 indicate the direction of rotation of the arch-rotating ring.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a side view of fig. 1.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM, which has the key improvement points that the radial distance between a spray head 13 and a hole wall is automatically adjusted by optimizing the structure of the spray head, so that the spray material is prevented from rebounding, and the spraying and mixing effect is better.

First, it should be noted that the axial direction in this specification refers to a direction parallel to the center line of the main body rail 11 of the open type TBM, and the radial direction refers to a direction parallel to the radius of the main body rail 11 of the open type TBM.

The spraying and mixing system of the open TBM comprises a radial telescopic arm 12, a radial driving piece, a spray head 13, a radial distance detection piece 14 and a controller. The spray head 13 is arranged on the radial telescopic arm 12, and the radial driving piece is connected with the radial telescopic arm 12 to drive the spray head 13 to be close to or far away from the hole wall along the radial direction. The radial drive may in particular be a hydraulic cylinder. The radially telescopic arm 12 slides axially with respect to the main body track 11, ensuring the alignment of the spray head 13 with the surface to be sprayed of the hole wall. The main body track 11 is a part of an open type TBM, and the structure and the working principle thereof can be referred to the prior art.

The radial distance detecting member 14 is used for detecting the current radial distance between the spray head 13 and the hole wall, and may be a distance detecting sensor, but is not limited thereto. The controller is electrically connected to the radial drive member and the radial distance detection member 14, respectively.

When the radial distance detection piece 14 detects that the current radial distance between the spray head 13 and the hole wall is inconsistent with the preset radial distance, the radial distance detection piece 14 sends a signal to the controller, the controller starts the radial driving piece, the radial driving piece drives the radial telescopic arm 12 to extend or retract along the radial direction, and the current radial distance between the spray head 13 and the hole wall is automatically adjusted until the current radial distance is consistent with the preset radial distance, so that the radial distance between the spray head 13 and the hole wall is always kept optimal, the spraying amount of the spray head 13 sprayed to the hole wall is kept optimal, the excessive rebound amount of the sprayed material is avoided, and the spraying and mixing effect is favorably improved.

The predetermined radial distance is the optimum radial distance between the nozzle 13 and the hole wall, and can be set according to the inner diameter of the hole wall and the specification of the open type TBM.

The spraying and mixing system of the open TBM further comprises a rotary driving piece and an angle detection piece which are respectively and electrically connected with the controller, the spray head 13 is hinged on the radial telescopic arm 12, and the rotary driving piece is connected with the spray head 13. The rotary drive may in particular be a servomotor. The angle detecting member is used for detecting the current jetting angle of the jetting head 13, and may be a rotary encoder, but is not limited thereto.

When the angle detection piece detects that the current injection angle is inconsistent with the preset injection angle, the angle detection piece sends a signal to the controller, the controller starts the rotary driving piece, the rotary driving piece drives the spray head 13 to rotate relative to the radial telescopic arm 12, the injection angle of the spray head 13 is automatically adjusted, the area of the spray head 13 sprayed to the hole wall is maximized, and the spraying and mixing effect is further optimized.

In the first embodiment, the spraying and mixing system of the open type TBM provided by the invention further comprises a lead drill slide rail 15, a rotating bracket 16 and an axial telescopic arm 17.

The forepoling machine slide rail 15 is sleeved on the main body rail 11 and slides relative to the main body rail 11 along the axial direction of the main body rail 11. The advanced drilling machine slide rail 15 is annular as a whole, a plurality of groups of travelling wheels are arranged on the inner side of the advanced drilling machine slide rail 15, and each group of travelling wheels is matched with one travelling rail arranged on the main body rail 11 to guide the advanced drilling machine slide rail 15 to axially slide.

The rotating bracket 16 is mounted to the lead drill slide 15 and rotates circumferentially relative to the lead drill slide 15. Two sides of the bottom of the rotating support 16 are respectively fixedly provided with a roller carrier 20, each roller carrier 20 is provided with an upper roller 21 and a lower roller 22 which are arranged oppositely, the upper roller 21 is matched with the upper side surface of the advance drill slide rail 15, the lower roller 22 is matched with the lower side surface of the advance drill slide rail 15, and the edges of the upper side surface and the lower side surface are integrally provided with a stop plate for preventing the upper roller 21 or the lower roller 22 from separating from the advance drill slide rail 15. The rotary bracket 16 is matched with the foredrill slide rail 15 through a roller, so that the friction resistance can be reduced, and the rotary bracket 16 can reliably rotate. Of course, the mounting between the rotary stand 16 and the lead drill slide 15 is not limited thereto.

One end of the axial telescopic arm 17 is fixedly connected with the rotary support 16, the other end of the axial telescopic arm is fixedly connected with the radial telescopic arm 12 and can be axially telescopic, the radial telescopic arm 12 not only drives the spray head 13 to axially move along the tunnel wall, but also drives the spray head 13 to radially move, and the spray material sprayed by the spray head 13 completely covers the tunnel wall through the movement in two directions, so that a concrete support layer is formed.

In a first specific embodiment, the spraying and mixing system of the open TBM provided by the present invention further includes an axial driving element and an axial distance detecting element, which are respectively electrically connected to the controller, wherein the axial driving element is connected to the axial telescopic arm 17, which may be a hydraulic cylinder, for driving the axial telescopic arm to axially extend and retract. The axial distance detection piece is used for detecting the current axial distance between the spray head 13 and the surface to be sprayed of the hole wall, and specifically can be a distance detection sensor or camera image recognition equipment such as a camera.

When the axial distance detection piece detects that the current axial distance between the face is spouted to treating of shower nozzle 13 and hole wall is when with predetermine the axial distance inconsistent, axial distance detection piece feedback signal to controller, the controller starts the axial driving piece, the flexible arm 17 of axial driving piece drive axial is flexible along the axial, realize along the position of axial automatically regulated shower nozzle 13, treat the face of spouting until shower nozzle 13 aligns, make shower nozzle 13 spout the material completely to treating on spouting the face, be favorable to promoting the efficiency of construction. The preset axial distance is an axial moving distance of the nozzle 13 from a sprayed surface to a surface to be sprayed.

The rotary support 16 is preferably in gear engagement with the forepoling machine slide rail 15, and correspondingly, the invention further comprises a driving gear 18, a driven gear ring 19 and a gear driving piece, wherein the driving gear 18 is fixedly connected with the rotary support 16, and the driving gear 18 is specifically a pinion. The driven gear ring 19 is integrally arranged on the outer side of the advance drill slide rail 15 and is meshed with the driving gear 18. The gear driving member is fixedly arranged on the rotating bracket 16, fixedly connected with the driving gear 18 and used for driving the driving gear 18 to circumferentially rotate at 19360 degrees relative to the driven gear ring. The gear drive may in particular be a servomotor.

In a first specific embodiment, the spraying and mixing system of the open TBM provided by the present invention further includes a rotation speed detecting element electrically connected to the controller, where the rotation speed detecting element is used to detect the current rotation speed of the rotating support 16, and may be specifically a speed detecting sensor.

When the rotating speed detecting part detects that the current rotating speed of the rotating bracket 16 is inconsistent with the preset rotating speed, the rotating speed detecting part feeds back a signal to the controller, and the controller adjusts the rotating speed of the gear driving part, so that the current rotating speed of the rotating bracket 16 is automatically adjusted, the phenomenon that the sprayed material sprayed by the spray head 13 cannot completely cover the hole wall due to the fact that the rotating speed of the rotating bracket 16 is too large is avoided, and the phenomenon that the sprayed material is overlapped due to the fact that the rotating speed of the rotating bracket 16 is too small is also avoided. The preset rotation speed is the optimum rotation speed when the sprayed material sprayed from the spray head 13 completely covers the hole wall, and may be set according to parameters such as the inner diameter of the hole wall and the aperture of the spray head 13, which are not specifically limited herein.

In the first embodiment, the spraying and mixing system of the open TBM provided by the present invention further comprises a main body driving member and a timer electrically connected to the controller, wherein the main body driving member is connected to the advanced drill sliding rail 15 and is used for driving the advanced drill sliding rail 15 to slide along the main body rail 11, and the main body driving member can also be a hydraulic cylinder.

When the timer records that the current residence time of the advanced drill machine slide rail 15 reaches the preset residence time, the timer feeds back a signal to the controller, the controller starts the main body driving piece, the main body driving piece drives the advanced drill machine slide rail 15 to slide along the main body track 11 for a preset propelling distance, and the periodic automatic pushing of the advanced drill machine slide rail 15 to slide axially is realized. The preset stay time refers to the shortest stay time of the advanced drilling machine slide rail 15 when the sprayed material sprayed by the spray head 13 completely covers the hole wall under the combined action of the radial telescopic arm 12 and the axial telescopic arm 17. The predetermined advance distance is the axial distance advanced along the body track 11 within one cycle of the drill slide 15.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a spraying and mixing system of an open TBM according to a second embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a side view of fig. 3.

Compared with the first embodiment, the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the installation manner of the spray head 13 is changed.

In a second embodiment, the arch rotating ring 23, the driving gear ring, the driven gear and the circumferential driving member 24 of the open TBM spraying and mixing system provided by the invention are characterized in that the arch rotating ring 23 slides along the axial direction of the main body track 11 and is also in a circular ring shape, and the guide wheels rolling along the main body track 11 are also arranged on the inner side of the arch rotating ring 23 to guide the arch rotating ring 23 to slide axially.

The inner side of the arch frame rotating ring 23 is integrally provided with a driving gear ring. The driven gear is provided on the body rail 11, is a pinion gear, and meshes with the driving ring gear. The circumferential driving piece 24 is connected with the driving gear ring and used for driving the driving gear ring to rotate circumferentially, and the driving gear ring drives the driven gear to rotate synchronously.

The radial telescopic arm 12 is fixedly arranged on the arch centering rotating ring 23, and the spray head 13 is fixed at one end of the radial telescopic arm 12, which is far away from the arch centering rotating ring 23, so that the spray head 13 can move in the radial direction under the driving of the radial telescopic arm 12 and can also move in the axial direction under the driving of the arch centering rotating ring 23, and the sprayed material sprayed by the spray head 13 can still completely cover the hole wall.

Of course, the installation manner of the spray head 13 is not limited to the two specific embodiments, and other similar structures are within the protection scope of the present invention.

The open TBM provided by the invention comprises a spraying and mixing system, has the same beneficial effects, and is not described again.

The above detailed description of the open TBM and the spraying and mixing system thereof provided by the present invention, and the specific examples applied herein illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.