阅读说明：本技术 一种具有光影效果的釉色彩绘瓷砖及其制备方法 (Glaze color painted ceramic tile with shadow effect and preparation method thereof ) 是由 童心笛 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种具有光影效果的釉色彩绘瓷砖及其制备方法；该制备方法包括以下步骤：a)配制釉料,并根据制图要求在底砖上进行绘釉,得到施好釉的底砖；b)将步骤a)得到的施好釉的底砖干燥后,进行釉面打磨至釉层厚度为0.5mm～1.2mm,再经烧制,得到具有光影效果的釉色彩绘瓷砖。与现有技术相比,本发明提供的制备方法采用特定工艺步骤及条件,利用通透的多种单色釉在瓷砖上实现图案的表达,并通过对釉层的厚度控制来产生光影效果；即图案中每种颜色都是一定厚的单色釉层,不仅可以让多种单色釉在同一砖面上形成图案,还可以通过控制釉层的厚薄来形成深浅变化的光影效果。(The invention provides a glaze color painted ceramic tile with shadow effect and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick; b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention adopts specific process steps and conditions, utilizes transparent multiple monochromatic glazes to realize pattern expression on the ceramic tile, and generates a light and shadow effect by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer; each color in the pattern is a monochromatic glaze layer with a certain thickness, so that the pattern can be formed on the same brick surface by using various monochromatic glazes, and the light and shadow effect with variable depth can be formed by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer.)

1. A preparation method of a glaze color painted ceramic tile with a shadow effect comprises the following steps:

a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick;

b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect.

2. The method for preparing the glaze according to claim 1, wherein the glaze in step a) is prepared from raw materials comprising glaze powder and water;

the basic formula of the glaze powder comprises the following components:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

the glaze powder comprises green glaze, yellow glaze, blue glaze and transparent glaze according to different coloring agents; wherein the green glaze comprises the basic formula and 4-6 parts by weight of basic copper carbonate; the yellow glaze comprises the basic formula and 3-5 parts by weight of iron oxide red; the blue glaze comprises the basic formula, 0.5-0.9 weight part of cobalt oxide and 1-3 weight parts of basic copper carbonate; the transparent glaze is the basic formula without adding coloring agent.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the glaze comprises a glaze for painting, a glaze for first glaze pouring and a glaze for second glaze pouring; the preparation method of the glaze for glaze drawing specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 4-10 ml of saturated magnesium sulfate solution into every 1000ml of water for thickening; the preparation method of the glaze for the first glaze pouring specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 1: (1.5-2.5) adding no thickening agent; the preparation method of the glaze for the second glaze pouring specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 3-7 ml of glaze dispergator into every 1000ml of water to increase the fluidity of the glaze.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the glaze is sieved by 70-90 meshes after being prepared, and the sieving allowance is not more than 0.5%.

5. The method for preparing according to claim 1, wherein the drawing requirements in step a) include:

(1) generating a pattern in a computer by combining a random algorithm when designing the pattern; generating a corresponding number of patterns according to the number of tiles required to be manufactured;

(2) separating colors of the pattern, specifically, separating each color on the pattern into one part;

(3) and converting the color-separated pattern into a G code through software, and inputting the G code to a numerical control glaze drawing machine for execution.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the process of drawing the glaze in the step a) uses a numerical control glaze drawing machine to draw key patterns; applying base coat on the rest part by using a glaze spraying mode;

the thickness of the glaze layer of the painted glaze is not less than 1.3 mm.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying in step b) is natural air drying, slow drying or fast drying.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the glaze grinding mode in the step b) comprises manual grinding and/or numerical control glaze milling;

the glaze process of polishing still includes:

and air holes are filled.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the firing in step b) employs a temperature program; the temperature programming process specifically comprises the following steps:

in the first stage, the temperature rise rate is 145-155 ℃/h, the target temperature is 115-125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 min;

the temperature rise rate of the second stage is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 535-540 ℃;

in the third stage, the heating rate is 75-85 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 635-640 ℃;

the fourth stage heating rate is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 1080-1085 ℃;

in the fifth stage, the heating rate is 55-65 ℃/h, the target temperature is 1220-1225 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0-10 min.

10. An enamel colored drawing tile with a light and shadow effect, which is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of glazed tiles, in particular to a glaze color painted ceramic tile with a light and shadow effect and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The process of the glazed tile on the market mainly comprises an in-glaze color printed tile and a single-color glazed tile. The in-glaze color printed brick is a combination of single-layer printing and colorless glaze, and generally comprises the steps of firstly applying base glaze, then printing (screen printing or laser printing), and then applying a layer of transparent overglaze, thus sealing the pattern in the glaze; the single-color glazed tile is directly applied with single-color glaze without printing process, and the color and texture of the glaze are used as the main characteristics of the product.

The in-glaze color printing process has the advantages that various patterns can be printed, the design of the patterns is almost unlimited, and the defects that the pattern printing layer is opaque pigment, the patterns are flat, and the color and the texture are not as good as those of high-quality single-color glazed tiles. The single-color glazed brick has the advantages that a thick and transparent glaze layer is utilized to express colors, the colors are transparent, the depth is high, and the defect that patterns cannot be manufactured and can only be formed by splicing tiny mosaics.

In conclusion, although ceramic tile products on the market are various in types, a glazed tile which breaks through the traditional production mode and has great artistry is not provided all the time.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a glaze color painted tile with a light and shadow effect and a method for manufacturing the same, in which transparent multiple single-color glazes are used to express patterns on the tile and the thickness of the glaze layer is controlled to generate the light and shadow effect.

The invention provides a preparation method of a glaze color painted ceramic tile with a shadow effect, which comprises the following steps:

a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick;

b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect.

Preferably, the glaze in step a) is prepared from raw materials including glaze powder and water;

the basic formula of the glaze powder comprises the following components:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

the glaze powder comprises green glaze, yellow glaze, blue glaze and transparent glaze according to different coloring agents; wherein the green glaze comprises the basic formula and 4-6 parts by weight of basic copper carbonate; the yellow glaze comprises the basic formula and 3-5 parts by weight of iron oxide red; the blue glaze comprises the basic formula, 0.5-0.9 weight part of cobalt oxide and 1-3 weight parts of basic copper carbonate; the transparent glaze is the basic formula without adding coloring agent.

Preferably, the glaze comprises a glaze for drawing glaze, a glaze for first glaze pouring and a glaze for second glaze pouring; the preparation method of the glaze for glaze drawing specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 4-10 ml of saturated magnesium sulfate solution into every 1000ml of water for thickening; the preparation method of the glaze for the first glaze pouring specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 1: (1.5-2.5) adding no thickening agent; the preparation method of the glaze for the second glaze pouring specifically comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 3-7 ml of glaze dispergator into every 1000ml of water to increase the fluidity of the glaze.

Preferably, after the glaze is prepared, the glaze is sieved by 70-90 meshes, and the sieving allowance is not more than 0.5%.

Preferably, the charting requirement in step a) includes:

(1) generating a pattern in a computer by combining a random algorithm when designing the pattern; generating a corresponding number of patterns according to the number of tiles required to be manufactured;

(2) separating colors of the pattern, specifically, separating each color on the pattern into one part;

(3) and converting the color-separated pattern into a G code through software, and inputting the G code to a numerical control glaze drawing machine for execution.

Preferably, the process of drawing the glaze in the step a) uses a numerical control glaze drawing machine to draw key patterns; applying base coat on the rest part by using a glaze spraying mode;

the thickness of the glaze layer of the painted glaze is not less than 1.3 mm.

Preferably, the drying mode in the step b) is natural drying glaze, slow drying glaze or fast drying glaze.

Preferably, the polishing mode of the glaze in the step b) comprises manual polishing and/or numerical control glaze milling;

the glaze process of polishing still includes:

and air holes are filled.

Preferably, the firing in step b) adopts temperature programming; the temperature programming process specifically comprises the following steps:

in the first stage, the temperature rise rate is 145-155 ℃/h, the target temperature is 115-125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 min;

the temperature rise rate of the second stage is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 535-540 ℃;

in the third stage, the heating rate is 75-85 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 635-640 ℃;

the fourth stage heating rate is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 1080-1085 ℃;

in the fifth stage, the heating rate is 55-65 ℃/h, the target temperature is 1220-1225 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0-10 min.

The invention also provides a glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect, which is prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme.

The invention provides a glaze color painted ceramic tile with shadow effect and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick; b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention adopts specific process steps and conditions, utilizes transparent multiple monochromatic glazes to realize pattern expression on the ceramic tile, and generates a light and shadow effect by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer; the obtained glazed tile is basically closer to a monochromatic glazed tile, but the glazed tile is not like an in-glaze color printed interlayer, and the ceramic tile is made of the same monochromatic glaze material longitudinally from bottom to surface, so that not only can a plurality of monochromatic glazes form patterns on the same tile surface, but also the light and shadow effect with variable depth can be formed by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of key pattern rendering according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of applying a ground coat according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of milling glaze flat by numerical control glaze milling in the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the numerical control glaze milling of the present invention to obtain relief effect with variable height;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the overall effect of the product "Moore Vision 8" according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a detailed view of the finished product Moore Vision 8 according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the overall effect of pupil in the final product according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a detailed view of the finished product pupil obtained in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a preparation method of a glaze color painted ceramic tile with a shadow effect, which comprises the following steps:

a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick;

b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect.

The method comprises the steps of firstly preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick. In the present invention, the glaze is preferably prepared from raw materials including glaze powder and water. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, four glaze powders are used, the basic formula of which is the same and the coloring agent of which is different.

In the present invention, the basic formulation of the glaze powder preferably comprises the following components:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

more preferably:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts by weight of boron frit.

In the present invention, the glaze powder preferably includes green glaze, yellow glaze, blue glaze and transparent glaze according to the difference of the coloring agent; wherein the green glaze comprises the basic formula and 4-6 parts by weight of basic copper carbonate; namely, the green glaze powder preferably comprises:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

4-6 parts of basic copper carbonate;

more preferably:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts by weight of boron frit;

5 parts of basic copper carbonate.

The yellow glaze preferably comprises the basic formula and 3-5 parts by weight of iron oxide red; namely, the yellow glaze powder preferably comprises:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

3-5 parts of iron oxide red;

more preferably:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts by weight of boron frit;

4 parts of iron oxide red.

The blue glaze preferably comprises the basic formula, 0.5 to 0.9 weight part of cobalt oxide and 1 to 3 weight parts of basic copper carbonate; namely, the blue glaze powder preferably comprises:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

0.5 to 0.9 weight part of cobalt oxide;

1-3 parts by weight of basic copper carbonate;

more preferably:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts by weight of boron frit;

0.7 part by weight of cobalt oxide;

2 parts of basic copper carbonate.

The transparent glaze is preferably prepared by the basic formula without adding a coloring agent; namely, the transparent glaze powder preferably comprises:

19 parts of albite;

12-14 parts of potassium feldspar;

16 to 18 parts by weight of kaolin;

16-18 parts by weight of quartz;

16-18 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

16-18 parts by weight of boron frit;

more preferably:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts by weight of boron frit.

The source of each raw material used for the glaze of the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available products known to those skilled in the art may be used.

In the present invention, the glaze preferably includes a glaze for painting glaze, a glaze for first glaze pouring, and a glaze for second glaze pouring; the preparation method of the glaze for glaze drawing is preferably as follows: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 4-10 ml of saturated magnesium sulfate solution into every 1000ml of water for thickening;

more preferably:

the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 2: 1, 6ml of a saturated solution of magnesium sulfate was added per 1000ml of water for thickening.

The preparation method of the glaze for the first glaze pouring is preferably as follows: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 1: (1.5-2.5) adding no thickening agent;

more preferably:

the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 1: 2, no thickener is added.

The preparation method of the glaze for the second glaze pouring is preferably as follows: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is (1.5-2.5): 1, adding 3-7 ml of glaze dispergator into every 1000ml of water to improve the fluidity of the glaze;

more preferably:

the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 2: 1, adding 5ml of the glaze dispergator per 1000ml of water to increase the fluidity of the glaze.

In the invention, after the glaze is prepared, the glaze is preferably sieved by a sieve of 70 meshes to 90 meshes, and more preferably 80 meshes; the sieving allowance is not more than 0.5 percent.

The glaze preparing process is adopted, the formula is selected according to the color and the texture, the glaze is prepared, and the ball milling and the sieving are carried out. In the invention, the glaze used on the same pattern needs to be distinguished by colors after being prepared; if the color is close, edible pigment can be added for dyeing differentiation.

The glaze drawing step of the invention adopts numerical control, and the patterns of each sheet can not be repeated (the glaze drawing by using a numerical control glaze drawing machine can realize that the patterns of each sheet can be random and never repeated). In the present invention, the drawing requirements preferably include:

(1) generating a pattern in a computer by combining a random algorithm when designing the pattern; generating a corresponding number of patterns according to the number of tiles required to be manufactured;

(2) separating colors of the pattern, specifically, separating each color on the pattern into one part;

(3) and converting the color-separated pattern into a G code through software, and inputting the G code to a numerical control glaze drawing machine for execution.

In the present invention, the bottom tile is preferably a tile biscuit. The invention is not particularly limited as to the source of the tile biscuit, and a tile biscuit having a strength and water absorption known to those skilled in the art may be used. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom brick is a ceramic blank made of middle white mud in Jingdezhen, the material is middle white mud, the firing is carried out to 750-1000 ℃, the preferred material is 900 ℃, the water absorption is preferably 10-25%, and the flatness is as follows: the maximum deviation is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

In the invention, the process of drawing the glaze preferably uses a numerical control glaze drawing machine to draw key patterns; and applying the ground coat on the rest part by using a glaze pouring mode.

In the invention, if the patterns are generated by combining the random algorithm in the technical scheme, preparing the patterns with corresponding quantity, and replacing the patterns with the next pattern every time one ceramic plate is drawn, thereby realizing that each ceramic plate is not repeated; the specific process is preferably as follows:

(1) filling the prepared glaze materials into the feeding barrels of the printing heads respectively, and driving the motors of the printing heads until the needle heads discharge normally;

(2) installing a printing head on a glaze drawing machine, and executing a code to start drawing the glaze;

(3) and after printing of one color is finished, replacing the printing head of the next color to continue printing until all colors are drawn.

As shown in fig. 1.

The invention has no special limitation on the specific model of the numerical control glaze drawing machine, and can adopt commercially available products or self-made products which are well known by the technical personnel in the field.

In the invention, if a large-area residual part exists after printing is finished, the ground coat is applied in a glaze pouring mode (or a whole picture can be directly drawn and filled by a numerical control glaze drawing machine, so that no residual background color exists, the step can be omitted; on the basis, a layer of thin transparent glaze is preferably directly sprayed on the drawn picture to prevent leakage and shrinkage of the glaze, and further firing is carried out). In the present invention, the large-area monochromatic glaze (i.e. the background color of the pattern) can be directly covered on the whole tile surface in a glaze pouring manner after the other fine patterns (i.e. the key patterns described in the above technical solution) are drawn, and the originally drawn key patterns are covered.

As shown in fig. 2.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ground coat is applied by means of glaze pouring, and preferably specifically:

(1) the diluted glaze slurry (glaze for the first glaze pouring) in the technical scheme is used for the first glaze pouring, so that a small-angle gap between the glaze and a blank body in the drawing step can be filled, and gaps and air holes between the ground glaze and the drawn glaze are prevented;

(2) the glaze slip (glaze material for the second glaze pouring) in the technical scheme is used for the second glaze pouring, so that the thickness of the ground glaze is efficiently increased while the glaze fluidity is kept.

In the present invention, the glaze thickness of the glaze (i.e., the minimum thickness of the entire glaze after the glazing) of the painted glaze is preferably not less than 1.3 mm.

After the glazed bottom tile is obtained, the obtained glazed bottom tile is dried, the glaze surface is polished until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and then the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect is obtained after firing.

In the invention, the drying mode is preferably natural drying glaze, slow drying glaze or fast drying glaze, and more preferably natural drying glaze; the solution of drying in the shade in a dry room, which is well known to those skilled in the art, may be used. In the invention, if the glaze surface needs to be dried quickly, the blank body is preferably put into a kiln for drying at 80-120 ℃; after the glaze is quickly dried, magnesium sulfate or dispergator dissolved in the glaze in advance can separate out a layer of very thin crystal hard shell on the surface of the glaze, so that the subsequent milling step can be influenced, and the hard shell can be removed only by atomizing and spraying water on the whole glaze surface after the glaze is dried and slightly wetting the surface.

In the invention, the glaze surface polishing mode preferably comprises manual polishing and/or numerical control glaze milling, and more preferably numerical control glaze milling. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, after the glaze is sprayed in a large area, the originally drawn glaze is covered, and the overlapped part of the glaze can be removed by adopting a glaze surface polishing mode; wherein, the manual polishing effect can make the ceramic tile finished product have the manual sense, and numerical control milling then can realize the pattern control of light and shadow depth.

In the present invention, the manual polishing process preferably includes: after the glaze is dried, the powder on the top layer is gradually scraped off by using a mesh abrasive paper for polishing or a small blade for scraping off the raised part of the glaze until the glaze which is originally covered on the bottom layer is seen and a clear color boundary is seen. During manual polishing, attention is paid to gradual progress, the force is controlled, and if the polishing is too thin, the ceramic tile matrix is exposed, the polishing is wasted; after the glaze is manually polished, the thickness of each part of the glaze is approximately consistent, and clear pattern textures can be seen. In the invention, the thickness of the glaze layer after the manual polishing is preferably controlled to be 0.5 mm-1.2 mm. Because the manual polishing is pure manual polishing, the thickness of the glaze layer cannot be completely consistent, and the finally presented picture has slight glaze color depth and gradual change due to the change of the thickness; the depth change makes the tile picture vivid and not rigid.

In the present invention, the process of the numerical control milling is preferably as follows: after the glaze is dried, the glaze is milled flat by a three-axis numerical control engraving machine, as shown in figure 3, the overlapped part of the glaze is removed, and the milled glaze layer thickness is controlled according to the required glaze color depth. In the invention, the thickness of the glaze layer after the numerical control milling is preferably controlled to be 0.5 mm-1.2 mm. Numerical control can mill the glaze flat, can also mill the relief (sculpture) effect that has the height change, see as shown in figure 4, low place colour is light after firing, the eminence colour is dark, can produce the effect that the light and shadow changes.

The same principle as the glaze drawing step is adopted, because numerical control is adopted, the milled patterns of each pattern can not be repeated (the numerical control engraving machine is used for milling the glaze, and the light and shadow depth change after each pattern can also be random and never repeated); the drawing requirements preferably include:

(1) designing and manufacturing a desired light and shadow effect, and generating a curved surface (with height difference of 0.8mm) which is large and fluctuant with a ceramic plate and the like by combining a Perlin noise and other random algorithms during generation; generating a corresponding number of curved surfaces according to the number of the porcelain plates required to be manufactured; the curved surface is used for glaze fine carving.

(2) These surfaces are converted by CAM software into the G-code used by the engraver.

In the present invention, the process of polishing the glaze preferably further comprises:

and air holes are filled. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, small bubbles can be generated in the glaze layer during glaze pouring, the bubbles can be seen after the glaze layer is ground flat, and the glaze layer can be flicked by hand to fill and level the pores by using the powder on the surface.

Through the steps, the preparation method in the preferred embodiment of the invention adopts a specific treatment mode for the thick glaze layer, firstly draws key patterns through drawing glaze, then fills the background glaze through pouring glaze, covers all vacant positions of the whole layout (at the moment, the previously drawn glaze is covered, the glaze layer at the position where the glaze is drawn is higher in thickness and is raised, and finally scrapes the previously covered glaze through milling glaze, and controls the thickness of the glaze layer.

In the invention, the raw materials are put into a kiln to be fired to the normal temperature required by the glaze and the blank; the firing preferably adopts temperature programming; the preferable process of temperature programming is as follows:

in the first stage, the temperature rise rate is 145-155 ℃/h, the target temperature is 115-125 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 25-35 min;

the temperature rise rate of the second stage is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 535-540 ℃;

in the third stage, the heating rate is 75-85 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 635-640 ℃;

the fourth stage heating rate is 145 ℃/h-155 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 1080-1085 ℃;

in the fifth stage, the heating rate is 55-65 ℃/h, the target temperature is 1220-1225 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0-10 min;

more preferably:

in the first stage, the heating rate is 150 ℃/h, the target temperature is 120 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 min;

the temperature rise rate of the second stage is 150 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 538 ℃;

in the third stage, the heating rate is 80 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 638 ℃;

the fourth stage heating rate is 150 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 1083 ℃;

in the fifth stage, the heating rate is 60 ℃/h, the target temperature is 1222 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 0min (no heat preservation is needed).

The invention provides a preparation method of a glaze color painted ceramic tile with a light and shadow effect, which has the following beneficial effects:

compared with the prior in-glaze color printing process: according to the invention, each glaze is printed on the porcelain plate according to the designed pattern, so that the thickness of each colored glaze is about 0.2-0.8mm after sintering, and the pattern is finally formed; if the transparent glaze is used, the color of the people is refracted by light with a certain thickness: the light reflected by the position with the thickness of the glaze layer is weak, and the color is dark visually; the light part of the glaze layer has strong reflected light and light color in vision; the depth change adds a layer of light and shadow effect on the pattern of the glaze, so that the visual effect is very rich and the artistry is strong.

Compared with a single-color glazed brick: the invention solves the problem that the single-color glazed brick can not be designed with complex patterns, not only realizes the control of transparent and beautiful glaze color and the formation of patterns, but also realizes the control of the thickness of the glaze layer and the effect of changing the depth thereof to form patterns.

In addition, the invention uses a numerical control glaze drawing machine and a numerical control engraving machine, and patterns generated by combining the design of a randomized algorithm can realize that the patterns of drawing glaze and milling glaze are not repeated every time, and are more lively and more varied compared with the printed patterns.

The invention also provides a glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect, which is prepared by the preparation method of the technical scheme. The glaze color painted ceramic tile with the light and shadow effect is prepared by adopting a preparation method with specific process steps and conditions, the transparent multiple single-color glazes are utilized to realize the expression of patterns on the ceramic tile, and the light and shadow effect is generated by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer; the obtained glazed tile is basically closer to a monochromatic glazed tile, but the glazed tile is not like an in-glaze color printed interlayer, and the ceramic tile is made of the same monochromatic glaze material longitudinally from bottom to surface, so that not only can a plurality of monochromatic glazes form patterns on the same tile surface, but also the light and shadow effect with variable depth can be formed by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer.

The invention provides a glaze color painted ceramic tile with shadow effect and a preparation method thereof; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a) preparing glaze, and painting glaze on the bottom brick according to the drawing requirement to obtain the glazed bottom brick; b) drying the glazed bottom brick obtained in the step a), polishing the glaze surface until the thickness of the glaze layer is 0.5-1.2mm, and firing to obtain the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method provided by the invention adopts specific process steps and conditions, utilizes transparent multiple monochromatic glazes to realize pattern expression on the ceramic tile, and generates a light and shadow effect by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer; the obtained glazed tile is basically closer to a monochromatic glazed tile, but the glazed tile is not like an in-glaze color printed interlayer, and the ceramic tile is made of the same monochromatic glaze material longitudinally from bottom to surface, so that not only can a plurality of monochromatic glazes form patterns on the same tile surface, but also the light and shadow effect with variable depth can be formed by controlling the thickness of the glaze layer.

To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustration. The raw materials used in the following examples of the present invention are all commercially available; wherein, the bottom brick is made of a ceramic plate biscuit made of white mud in Jingdezhen, the material is white mud, the biscuit is calcined to 900 ℃, the water absorption rate is 14%, and the flatness is as follows: the maximum deviation is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

Examples

(1) Preparing glaze: four glazes were used, the basic formulation being identical and the colorants being different:

the basic formula is as follows:

19 parts of albite;

13 parts of potassium feldspar;

17 parts of kaolin;

17 parts by weight of quartz;

17 parts by weight of calcium carbonate;

17 parts of boron frit (Zibo product);

colorant:

green glaze: 5 parts of basic copper carbonate;

yellow glaze: 4 parts by weight of iron oxide red;

blue glaze: 0.7 part by weight of cobalt oxide and 2 parts by weight of basic copper carbonate;

transparent glaze: no colorant;

glaze for glaze painting: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 2: 1, adding 10ml of saturated magnesium sulfate solution into every 1000ml of water for thickening so as to be suitable for extrusion printing of a glaze drawing machine;

glaze for first glaze pouring: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 1: 2, no thickening agent is added;

glaze for the second glaze pouring: the weight ratio of the prepared glaze powder to water is 2: 1, adding 5ml of glaze dispergator into every 1000ml of water to increase the fluidity of the glaze;

all glaze materials are sieved by a 80-mesh sieve after being prepared, and the sieving allowance is not more than 0.5 percent.

(2) Drawing and outputting a code for printing glaze:

firstly, generating a required pattern in a computer by combining a random algorithm when designing the pattern; and generating a corresponding number of patterns according to the number of the ceramic plates required to be manufactured.

Color separation of the pattern: each color on the desired pattern is separated into separate portions.

Thirdly, the color-separated patterns are converted into G codes through software, and then the G codes can be input into a numerical control glaze drawing machine to be executed.

(3) And (3) glaze drawing: drawing key patterns by using a numerical control glaze drawing machine:

filling the prepared three glazes into the feeding barrels of the three printing heads, and driving the motors of the printing heads until the needle heads normally discharge.

Secondly, the printing head is arranged on the glaze drawing machine, and the code is executed to draw the glaze.

And thirdly, replacing the printing head of the next color to continue printing after printing of one color is finished until drawing of all colors is finished.

(4) Applying base coat: applying base coat by using a glaze pouring mode:

and (3) the diluted glaze slip is used for first glaze pouring, so that a small-angle gap between the glaze drawn in the step (3) and the blank can be filled, and gaps and air holes between the ground glaze and the drawn glaze are prevented.

Secondly, the glaze slip is used for secondary glaze pouring, so that the thickness of the ground glaze is increased efficiently while the glaze fluidity is kept.

The maximum thickness of the glaze surface is 3.0mm and the minimum thickness is 1.5mm after the ground coat is applied.

If the glaze drawing machine directly finishes the whole picture (without pattern background color), the step can be omitted, and a layer of thin transparent glaze is directly sprayed on the drawn picture to prevent leaking and shrinking glaze, and further directly firing is carried out.

(5) Airing the glaze:

and drying the green body in a dry room in the shade.

(6) Drawing and outputting milling codes:

firstly, designing and manufacturing a desired light and shadow effect, and generating a curved surface (the height difference is 0.8mm) which is large and fluctuant with a porcelain plate and the like by combining a Perlin noise and other random algorithms during generation; generating a corresponding number of curved surfaces according to the number of the porcelain plates required to be manufactured; the curved surface is used for the glaze fine carving in the step (7).

And secondly, converting the curved surfaces into G codes used by the engraving machine through CAM software.

(7) And (3) numerical control glaze milling:

roughly milling a glaze surface: using a three-axis numerical control engraving machine, milling the glaze surface to the original lowest glaze surface thickness of-1.5 mm; a flat cutter drill bit with the diameter of 8mm is used, the step pitch is 5mm, the rotating speed of a main shaft is 19320rmp, and the milling speed is 1500 mm/min.

Glaze fine carving: the 1mm spherical milling cutter is used for fine carving, the step pitch is 1mm, the rotating speed is 26750rmp, and the milling speed is 3000 mm/min.

Milling the glaze surface by using a three-axis numerical control engraving machine, removing the overlapped part of the glaze as shown in figure 3, and controlling the thickness of the milled glaze layer according to the required glaze color depth; generally, the milled glaze layer is controlled to be 0.5-1.2mm as best.

Numerical control can mill the glaze surface flat and can mill the relief effect with high and low changes, as shown in fig. 4, the color of the lower part is light and the color of the higher part is dark after firing, so that the effect of light and shadow change can be generated; the same principle as the step (3) of glaze drawing is realized, and the milling patterns of each sheet are not repeated because of numerical control.

(8) Filling air holes:

when the glaze is sprayed, small bubbles can be generated in the glaze layer, the bubbles can be seen after the glaze is milled, the glaze can be flicked by hands, and the pores are filled and leveled by using the powder on the surface.

(9) Firing in a kiln: firing the green body in an electric kiln to 1222 degrees celsius:

firstly, the speed of the first stage is 150 ℃/h, the target temperature is 120 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 30 min;

the rate of the second stage is 150 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 538 ℃;

③ the third stage speed is 80 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 638 ℃;

fourthly, the fourth stage rate is 150 ℃/h, and the target temperature is 1083 ℃;

fifth stage speed rate 60 deg.C/h, target temperature 1222 deg.C, heat preservation 0 min.

Obtaining a finished product of the glaze color painted ceramic tile with the shadow effect, wherein each color in the pattern is a single-color glaze layer with the thickness of 0.2mm-0.8mm, and the glaze color painted ceramic tile is shown in figures 5-8; fig. 5 to 8 show two decorative art works of "moore vision 8" and "pupil" manufactured by the manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the molar vision 8 uses a numerical control glaze drawing machine to print red, blue and green glazes on a porcelain plate biscuit respectively, the glaze milling process is not carried out after the whole picture is fully distributed, but a layer of thin transparent glaze is directly sprayed to prevent leakage and shrinkage of the glaze, and then the porcelain plate biscuit is directly fired to obtain the porcelain plate. The principle of picture formation: the printing patterns are all dots which are arranged in order, and the glaze dots are melted and leveled in the firing process; during glaze drawing, the leveling area of the glaze points after firing is large or small by controlling different glaze output quantities of each point, the picture color of the place with small glaze points is light, and the color of the place with large glaze points is dark, so that a Moire pattern which is designed in a computer at first is visually formed.

Pupil, printing blue glaze on a porcelain plate blank by using a numerical control glaze drawing machine, wherein the printed pattern is in the shape of oblique stripes as shown in the figure; then the whole picture is coated with green glaze to cover the original blue glaze until the lowest part of the picture glaze layer is not less than 1.5mm thick; after drying, engraving a ring-shaped bas-relief on the glaze layer by using a numerical control engraving machine, wherein the height difference of the bas-relief is 1.3 mm; then the mixture is put into a kiln for burning. The picture principle is as follows: the blue-green stripes can be seen as the pattern effect of the glaze printing, and the circle-shaped light shadow ripple effect is formed by milling different glaze layer thickness differences after the glaze is milled.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.