阅读说明：本技术 螺纹或螺旋槽的返修方法 (Method for repairing screw thread or spiral groove ) 是由 葛成山 卢浩 王力 于 2021-04-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种螺纹或螺旋槽的返修方法,将螺纹或螺旋槽工件按原有装夹方式做二次装夹,二次装夹完成后做以下处理：1)粗校导程轨迹重合；2)半精车导程重合：3)精校导程重合,直至切痕迹在压槽中间。实现刀具轨迹与二次装夹工件牙形轨迹的重合,从而对螺纹(螺旋槽)不合格的工件进行二次加工,使其成为合格品,减少公司的损失,提高原材料利用率。(The invention discloses a method for repairing a thread or a spiral groove, which is characterized in that a thread or spiral groove workpiece is secondarily clamped according to an original clamping mode, and the following treatment is carried out after the secondary clamping is finished: 1) roughly correcting lead tracks to coincide; 2) semi-finish turning lead coincidence: 3) and (4) precisely correcting the lead coincidence until the cutting trace is in the middle of the pressure groove. The superposition of the cutter track and the tooth shape track of the secondary clamping workpiece is realized, so that the secondary processing is carried out on the unqualified workpiece with the thread (spiral groove), the unqualified workpiece becomes a qualified product, the loss of a company is reduced, and the utilization rate of raw materials is improved.)

1. A method for repairing a thread or a helical groove, characterized in that,

the method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out secondary clamping on a threaded or spiral groove workpiece according to an original clamping mode, and carrying out the following treatment after the secondary clamping is finished:

1) rough lead trajectory coincidence: the rotating speed S of the main shaft is modified to be 50% of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the compensation value of the tool compensation x is changed to the diameter value of the cutter point leaving the thread major diameter value of 1mm-3mm, the button processing is started, when the cutter point of the cutter moves to the middle of the thread length in the visual inspection processing process, quickly pressing a reset key to stop the machine, resetting all the increments of the coordinate values of U and W, shaking the cutter point of the cutter by a hand wheel to move to the tooth groove of the workpiece in the directions of x and Z, observing visually, keeping the left and right gaps of the cutter point in the tooth groove equal, recording the increment values of U and W in the coordinates, inputting the offset value into the corresponding cutter point compensation, pressing the start key to process, observing visually, whether the cutter point is in the middle of the tooth groove, if the cutter is not positioned in the middle of the tooth socket, the trimming Z-direction cutter compensation value is trimmed in the direction of large clearance until the left and right clearances of the cutter in the tooth socket are equal;

modifying the rotating speed of the main shaft to be 70% of the set value, and the depth of feed to be 1/2 of the tooth height, and processing according to the method until the left and right gaps of the cutter in the tooth socket are equal;

2) semi-finish turning lead coincidence:

completely resetting a coordinate value incremental value U and a coordinate value W on the basis of rough correction in the step 1), modifying the rotating speed of a main shaft to 95 percent of a set value, setting the feed value to be one third of the tooth height, trial machining, stopping the machine midway in the length direction of the thread, taking a clearance between a plug ruler plug-in blade and the right side of the tooth shape, setting the coordinate value W to be 0, shaking the plug ruler towards the positive direction of Z by using a hand wheel, shaking the hand wheel while shaking the plug ruler until the plug ruler is slightly shaken, recording the value W, similarly shaking towards the negative direction of Z, recording the coordinate value, assuming that the positive value is A, the negative value is B, and supplementing the Z by (A + B)/2, and setting the clearance between the cutter and the two sides in the middle of the tooth socket to be equal;

the cutter moves back to a safe position, single-section processing is started, visual inspection is carried out until tiny scrap iron comes out, an incremental value U value is recorded, at the moment, the machine is stopped, visual inspection is carried out until the scrap iron comes out from the side of the tooth socket, a value is supplemented in the direction opposite to the direction of the cutter compensation in the direction of 'z', and the tiny scrap iron appears on two sides simultaneously;

3) fine correction of lead coincidence

Changing the main shaft rotation speed S into a program set value, resetting all the incremental values U and W of the coordinate values, changing the cutting depth into 1/2 of tooth height, starting machining, resetting and stopping in the middle of the length, resetting the coordinate values W, placing a plug taking ruler in the gap between a right cutter and teeth, shaking a hand wheel Z to move in the forward direction, simultaneously twitching the plug ruler, lightly drawing under stress, and recording the incremental value W; in the same way, the hand wheel records down the coordinate value towards the negative direction of Z, the error is very small at the moment, if a right value C, a left value D and a cutter compensation Z are input into (C + D)/2, the cutter moves back to a safe position to start single-section processing, visual inspection is carried out until the cutter tip stops when trace iron chips appear in the tooth socket, whether the cutting trace is in the middle of the tooth socket or not is observed, and at the moment, the Z cutter compensation is modified until the cutting trace is in the middle of the pressure socket due to trace error.

2. A method of repairing a thread or groove as claimed in claim 1 wherein the rate of the handwheel is minimized in step 2).

3. A method of repairing a thread or a helical groove as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feeler has a thickness of 0.01mm.

4. A method of repairing a screw thread or a helical groove as set forth in claim 1, wherein the trimming value of the trimming "Z" direction is 0.05 to 0.1mm each time the trimming value is trimmed in a direction in which the clearance is large.

5. A method of repairing a thread or a helical groove as set forth in claim 1, wherein the Z-cut is performed 0.01 to 0.02 mm/time in the step 3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a technology for repairing unqualified threads (spiral grooves), in particular to a method for repairing the threads or the spiral grooves.

Background

In the numerical control machine turning, the thread (spiral groove) is processed and often appears because of the difference of work piece material and hardness and the weakness of screw cutter knife tip, and the knife tip bursts at the sword, appears screw thread (spiral groove) car and does not wear or incomplete screw thread (spiral groove), is unqualified during the detection, takes out the machine tool because of the work piece from the machine tool, does not have a processing technology secondary clamping work piece to restore screw thread (spiral groove) always and leads to the product directly to scrap, has wasted a large amount of manpower, material resources, financial resources. Reworking threads (helical grooves) has been an unfortunate issue in the machining industry. Particularly, the rapid development of the numerical control industry and the popularization of automatic clamping have the advantages that more defective products are processed by the threads (spiral grooves) (products are not detected all the time in the processing process, the defective products cannot be found in time), and the technology for repairing the threads (spiral grooves) is urgently needed to be solved.

When the numerical control lathe is used for machining threads, the rotating speed of the main shaft must be constant, otherwise, the threads are disordered and waste is generated, so that the moment when the rotating speed of the main shaft is changed from 0 to reach a given rotating speed value in the machining process is delayed, the positioning point of a cutter for turning the threads is separated from the end surface by 3-10mm (the lead/thread pitch is given as a reasonable value), the delay and the speed increase are ensured, and the constant rotating speed is ensured; the lead of the next processed thread (spiral groove) is controlled by a thread encoder, and the encoder is directly related to the rotating speed of the main shaft, so that the lead/pitch of the main shaft rotating speed change also does not regularly change.

The general property is as follows: the thread (spiral groove) has a starting point, a vanishing point, a lead (thread pitch), a tooth height, a tooth form angle and a large, medium and small diameter.

From the characteristic analysis, only if the track of the cutter lead (screw pitch) is completely coincided with the tooth shape track of the processed workpiece (secondary clamping) under the condition of constant rotating speed, the thread (spiral groove) can be repaired, and when the workpiece is secondarily clamped, the constant rotating speed can be ensured, the positioning point from the cutter to the end surface of the thread can be ensured, the lead (screw pitch) can also be ensured, and the problem that the cutter lead track is not coincided with the tooth shape track of the secondary clamping workpiece is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for repairing a thread or a spiral groove, aiming at the problem of how to coincide a cutter track and a tooth-shaped track of a secondary clamping workpiece, and the method can realize the coincidence of the cutter track and the tooth-shaped track of the secondary clamping workpiece by performing rough lead track coincidence, semi-finish lead coincidence and semi-finish lead coincidence on the secondary clamping workpiece, thereby performing secondary processing on the workpiece with unqualified thread (spiral groove), enabling the workpiece to become a qualified product, reducing the loss of a company and improving the utilization rate of raw materials.

The technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows: the method for repairing the thread or the spiral groove comprises the following steps of carrying out secondary clamping on a thread or spiral groove workpiece according to the original clamping mode, and carrying out the following treatment after the secondary clamping is finished:

1) rough lead trajectory coincidence: the rotating speed S of the main shaft is modified to be 50% of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the compensation value of the tool compensation x is changed to the diameter value of the cutter point leaving the thread major diameter value of 1mm-3mm, the button processing is started, when the cutter point of the cutter moves to the middle of the thread length in the visual inspection processing process, quickly pressing a reset key to stop the machine, resetting all the increments of the coordinate values of U and W, shaking the cutter point of the cutter by a hand wheel to move to the tooth groove of the workpiece in the directions of x and Z, observing visually, keeping the left and right gaps of the cutter point in the tooth groove equal, recording the increment values of U and W in the coordinates, inputting the offset value into the corresponding cutter point compensation, pressing the start key to process, observing visually, whether the cutter point is in the middle of the tooth groove, if the cutter is not positioned in the middle of the tooth socket, the trimming Z-direction cutter compensation value is trimmed in the direction of large clearance until the left and right clearances of the cutter in the tooth socket are equal;

modifying the rotating speed of the main shaft to be 70% of the set value, and the depth of feed to be 1/2 of the tooth height, and processing according to the method until the left and right gaps of the cutter in the tooth socket are equal;

2) semi-finish turning lead coincidence:

completely resetting a coordinate value incremental value U and a coordinate value W on the basis of rough correction in the step 1), modifying the rotating speed of a main shaft to 95 percent of a set value, setting the feed value to be one third of the tooth height, trial machining, stopping the machine midway in the length direction of the thread, taking a clearance between a plug ruler plug-in blade and the right side of the tooth shape, setting the coordinate value W to be 0, shaking the plug ruler towards the positive direction of Z by using a hand wheel, shaking the hand wheel while shaking the plug ruler until the plug ruler is slightly shaken, recording the value W, similarly shaking towards the negative direction of Z, recording the coordinate value, assuming that the positive value is A, the negative value is B, and supplementing the Z by (A + B)/2, and setting the clearance between the cutter and the two sides in the middle of the tooth socket to be equal;

the cutter moves back to a safe position, single-section processing is started, visual inspection is carried out until tiny scrap iron comes out, an incremental value U value is recorded, at the moment, the machine is stopped, visual inspection is carried out until the scrap iron comes out from the side of the tooth socket, a value is supplemented in the direction opposite to the direction of the cutter compensation in the direction of 'z', and the tiny scrap iron appears on two sides simultaneously;

3) fine correction lead coincidence:

changing the main shaft rotation speed S into a program set value, resetting all the incremental values U and W of the coordinate values, changing the cutting depth into 1/2 of tooth height, starting machining, resetting and stopping in the middle of the length, resetting the coordinate values W, placing a plug taking ruler in the gap between a right cutter and teeth, shaking a hand wheel Z to move in the forward direction, simultaneously twitching the plug ruler, lightly drawing under stress, and recording the incremental value W; in the same way, the hand wheel records down the coordinate value towards the negative direction of Z, the error is very small at the moment, if a right value C, a left value D and a cutter compensation Z are input into (C + D)/2, the cutter moves back to a safe position to start single-section processing, visual inspection is carried out until the cutter tip stops when trace iron chips appear in the tooth socket, whether the cutting trace is in the middle of the tooth socket or not is observed, and at the moment, the Z cutter compensation is modified until the cutting trace is in the middle of the pressure socket due to trace error.

On the basis of the scheme, preferably, the multiplying power of the hand wheel in the step 2) is adjusted to be minimum.

In addition to the above, preferably, the thickness of the feeler is 0.01mm.

In addition to the above-described aspect, it is preferable that the trimming value of the fine adjustment "Z" is 0.05 to 0.1mm each time the tool compensation value is trimmed in the direction in which the clearance is large.

On the basis of the scheme, the Z knife repair in the step 3) is preferably 0.01-0.02 mm/time.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the secondary clamping workpiece is subjected to rough-correction lead track coincidence, semi-finish-turning lead coincidence and semi-finish-turning lead coincidence, so that the coincidence of the tool track and the tooth-shaped track of the secondary clamping workpiece can be realized, the secondary machining is performed on the workpiece with unqualified threads (spiral grooves), the workpiece becomes a qualified product, the loss of a company is reduced, and the utilization rate of raw materials is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a rough calibration schematic;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a semi-fine calibration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic Z-direction fine calibration.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.

The following is an example of a male thread, a French system.

First, rough calibration lead (pitch) track coincidence

1. The workpiece is clamped according to the original clamping mode, the rotating speed S of the main shaft is modified to be 50% of the rotating speed of the main shaft, the compensation value of the tool compensation x is changed to be about 1mm to 3mm (the value can be any value) of the diameter of the cutter point away from the major diameter value of the thread, the button machining is started, when the cutter point of the cutter moves to the middle of the length of the thread in the visual inspection machining process, the machine is stopped by quickly pressing a reset key, and at the moment, the coordinate value increment U and the coordinate value increment W are all reset. The cutter point 'x' direction and 'Z' direction are shaken by a hand wheel to move to a tooth groove of a workpiece, one third of the tooth height is observed by eyes, the left and right clearances of the cutter point in the tooth groove are approximately equal, incremental values 'U' and 'W' in coordinates are recorded, an offset value is input into a corresponding cutter insert, a starting key is pressed for machining, whether the cutter point of the cutter is in the middle of the tooth groove or not is observed by eyes, if the cutter point is not in the middle of the tooth groove, the cutter insert value in the Z direction is finely adjusted to the direction of large clearance (0.05-0.1mm), and after two times of repetition, the left and right clearances of the cutter in the tooth groove are basically equal.

Modifying the rotating speed of the main shaft to be 70% of the set value, and the depth of the feed to be 1/2 of the tooth height, and repeating the method for two times.

As shown in fig. 1, rough explanation:

position 1:

from the stop, using the hand wheel to move to position 1 (1/3 teeth high), visually inspect the tool in the middle of the socket, the parameters were set as follows:

s =50% 1000=500, coordinates X =30-1/3 1.89 × 2= 28.74;

position 2:

using the hand wheel to move to position 2 (1/2 teeth high), visually inspect the tool in the middle of the socket, the parameters were set as follows:

s =70% 1000=700, and the coordinates X =30-1/2 1.89 × 2=28.11

Other parameter descriptions;

s main shaft rotating speed: 1000

P pitch: 3.5

h tooth height =0.54P =0.54 × 3.5= 1.89.

Second and half fine turning lead coincidence

The incremental value 'U' and 'W' of the coordinate value are completely cleared on the basis of rough correction, the rotating speed of a main shaft is modified to be 95% of a set value, the feed value is one third of the tooth height, trial machining is carried out, the machine is stopped midway in the length direction of the thread, a feeler gauge with the thickness of 0.01mm is inserted into the gap between the cutting edge and the right side of the tooth shape, the coordinate value of 'W' is 0 at the moment, a hand wheel (with the multiplying power adjusted to be minimum) is used for shaking in the positive direction of 'Z', the feeler gauge is shaken while the hand wheel is shaken until the feeler gauge is slightly shaken, the value of 'W' is recorded, the coordinate value is recorded by shaking in the negative direction of 'Z' in the negative direction in the same way, the positive value is assumed to be 0.6mm, the negative value is-0.4 mm, (0.6-0.4)/2 =0.1, and the gap between the middle of the tooth socket of the cutter is correspondingly compensated by 'Z'. The cutter retreats to the safe position, single-stage processing is started, visual inspection is carried out until tiny scrap iron (0.01 mm to 0.03 mm) comes out, and the incremental value U is recorded. At the moment, the scrap iron comes out from the tooth socket side by stopping machine and visual inspection, the empirical value is important (0.01-0.02 mm) when the value is supplemented in the opposite direction of the cutter compensation in the direction of 'z', and the operation can be realized once or twice when the tiny scrap iron appears on two sides about 0.01mm.

As shown in fig. 2, semi-fine calibration:

the speed S =95% 1000=950, from the stop, the hand wheel is used to move to position 1 (1/3 teeth high), the thread is lightly contacted, the clearance between the two sides of the feeler plug tool and the thread is filled, for example, W-0.4 on the left and W0.6 on the right, and the coordinate values are recorded. At this time, the corresponding tool nose median value is (0.6-0.4)/2 =0.1, and then the corresponding tool Z-direction compensation value is + 0.1.

Third, fine correction of lead coincidence

The lead/pitch error is smaller as the fluctuation of the main shaft rotating speed S value is smaller, the fine correction is easy, the variation from 95% S to 100% S is small, the lead/pitch difference is small, and the error is about 0.05 mm.

Changing the rotation speed S of a main shaft into a program set value, resetting all the incremental values U and W of the coordinate values, changing the cutting depth into 1/2 of tooth height, starting machining, resetting and stopping in the middle of the length, resetting the coordinate values W, placing a feeler gauge with the thickness of 0.01mm in the gap between a right cutter and teeth, shaking a hand wheel Z to move in the forward direction and simultaneously twitch the feeler gauge, slightly stressing the feeler gauge to twitch the feeler gauge, and recording the incremental value W; in the same way, the hand wheel records a coordinate value towards the negative direction of Z, the error is small at the moment, if the right side value is 0.04mm and the left side is-0.02 mm, (0.04-0.02)/2 =0.01, the cutter moves back to a safe position corresponding to the Z input of the cutter compensation, single-section processing is started, visual inspection is carried out until the cutter tip is stopped when trace iron chips appear in the tooth socket (0.01 mm), whether a cutting trace is in the middle of the tooth socket or not is observed, and the operation can be finished when the Z cutter compensation is modified by 0.01-0.02mm once or twice at the moment.

As shown in fig. 3, the fine Z direction specification:

the rotation speed S =95% 1000=950, from the stop, 1/2 teeth are moved by using the hand wheel, the screw thread is lightly contacted, and clearance between two sides of the cutter and the screw thread is plugged by using a feeler gauge, for example, W-0.4 is arranged on the left side, W0.6 is arranged on the right side, and the coordinate value is recorded. At this time, the corresponding tool nose median value is (0.6-0.4)/2 =0.1, and then the corresponding tool X-direction compensation value is + 0.1.

The Z-direction compensation value is ("W +" + "W-")/2.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.