阅读说明：本技术 一种航空燃油计量调节压电阀及其工作方法 (Aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve and working method thereof ) 是由 王亮 庞远杰 金家楣 于 2021-08-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种航空燃油计量调节压电阀及其工作方法,利用材料的纵向振动,实现了阀门动态打开、阀门闭合。航空燃油计量调节压电阀包括阀盖、换能器和阀座；换能器包括预紧螺栓、配重块、压电陶瓷组件、法兰盘和阀芯；阀盖为用于保护换能器的电气部分；换能器为带有法兰盘的兰杰文振子,包含2n片圆环形压电陶瓷片(n≥1)。本发明结构简单,易于实现阀门高频开合和流量输送控制,在对液体流量体积、质量具有严格限制的领域,具有重要的应用前景。(The invention discloses an aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve and a working method thereof. The aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve comprises a valve cover, an energy converter and a valve seat; the transducer comprises a pretightening bolt, a balancing weight, a piezoelectric ceramic component, a flange plate and a valve core; the valve cover is used for protecting the electrical part of the transducer; the transducer is a Langewen vibrator with a flange plate and comprises 2n circular piezoelectric ceramic plates (n is more than or equal to 1). The invention has simple structure, is easy to realize high-frequency opening and closing of the valve and flow conveying control, and has important application prospect in the field of strict limitation on the volume and the quality of liquid flow.)

1. The aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve is characterized by comprising a valve cover (1), an energy converter (2) and a valve seat (4);

the valve cover (1) is a hollow cylinder with an opening at one end and a closed end;

the valve seat (4) comprises a base and a shell, wherein the base is disc-shaped, the shell is a hollow cylinder with openings at two ends, and one end of the shell is coaxially and fixedly connected with the base; a fuel outlet is formed in the center of the base and is a circular through hole; the base or the shell is also provided with a fuel inlet which enables the valve seat to be communicated internally and externally;

the transducer (2) adopts a Langevin vibrator and comprises a pretightening bolt (2.1), a balancing weight (2.2), a piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3), a flange plate (2.4) and a valve core (2.5);

the pre-tightening bolt (2.1) is used for fixedly connecting the counterweight block (2.2), the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3), the flange plate (2.4) and the valve core (2.5);

the balancing weight (2.2) is a cylinder, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt (2.1) to pass through is formed in the balancing weight along the axis;

the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3) comprises 2n stacked longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces, wherein n is a natural number more than or equal to 1, the longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are annular and are polarized along the thickness direction, and the polarization directions of the adjacent longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the valve core (2.5) comprises a connecting part, a variable amplitude part, a conduction part and a contact part, wherein the connecting part is a cylinder; the conducting part is a cylindrical rod body, and the diameter of the end face of the conducting part is smaller than that of the end face of the connecting part; the amplitude-changing part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the connecting part, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the conducting part; the end with the larger area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the connecting part, and the end with the smaller area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the conduction part; the contact part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the contact part is equal to that of the end face of the conduction part and is larger than that of the fuel outlet, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the contact part is smaller than that of the fuel outlet; one end of the contact part with larger area is coaxially and fixedly connected with the other end of the conduction part;

the valve core (2.5) is provided with a threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt (2.1) in the center of the end face of the connecting part far away from the amplitude-changing part;

the flange plate (2.4) is disc-shaped, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt (2.1) to pass through is formed in the center of the flange plate;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt (2.1) sequentially penetrates through the balancing weight (2.2), the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3) and the flange plate (2.4) and then is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole of the valve core (2.5) to tightly press the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3);

one end of the flange plate (2.4) is fixedly connected with one end of the shell far away from the base in a sealing and coaxial manner, so that the valve core (2.5) is positioned in the valve seat (4) and the contact part of the valve core (2.5) is abutted against the fuel inlet of the base of the valve seat (4);

the other end of the flange plate (2.4) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the valve cover (1), so that a balancing weight (2.2) and a piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3) of the transducer (2) are positioned in the valve cover (1);

the first-order longitudinal vibration mode frequency of the transducer (2) is the frequency multiplication of the out-of-plane bending vibration mode frequency of the flange plate (2.4).

2. The aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a sealing ring (3) is arranged between one end of the flange (2.4) and the housing for blocking fuel leakage, and interference of interference fit between the contact part of the valve core (2.5) and the fuel outlet of the base of the valve seat (4) is adjusted.

3. The aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange (2.4) and the valve core (2.5) are integrally formed to prevent fuel from leaking to the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3) side.

4. The aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the two end faces of the flange (2.4) are symmetrically provided with circular grooves for amplifying the out-of-plane bending vibration amplitude of the transducer (2).

5. The working method of the aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following processes:

when the power is off, the contact part of the valve core is matched with the fuel inlet taper hole of the valve seat base and is in interference fit, so that power-off self-locking can be realized;

when the valve works, the piezoelectric ceramic component (2.3) is driven by an electric signal, a first-order longitudinal vibration mode of the transducer (2) and the out-of-plane bending vibration of the flange plate (2.4) are excited, and the two vibrations are superposed to enable the end part of the valve core (2.5) to generate reciprocating vibration, so that the dynamic opening of the valve is realized; at the moment, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve can be changed by adjusting the voltage of the electric signal, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve is in direct proportion to the input electric signal, and the flow of the valve is in direct proportion to the opening and closing amplitude of the valve under the given pressure difference, so that the flow rate and the flow rate proportion of the valve can be controlled; by adjusting the period of the electric signal, the opening and closing frequency of the valve can be controlled, and the high-frequency response of the valve is realized.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of piezoelectric driving and flow control, in particular to an aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve and a working method thereof.

Background

At present, fuel flow control valves used in the aviation field have advantages and disadvantages respectively. The electromagnetic flow regulation range is small, and the metering precision is low; the mechanical metering precision is higher than that of the electromagnetic metering, but the structure volume is larger. The high-speed switch electromagnetic valve has the problems of response lag, slow response and the like, and the metering valve with high metering precision, compact structure and high frequency response is required by people.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve and a working method thereof aiming at the defects related in the background technology, wherein the amplitude of the end part of a valve core is amplified by utilizing the longitudinal vibration and the vibration superposition of materials, the dynamic opening and the closing of the valve are realized, the design structure is simple and compact, and the accurate control of the flow is easy to realize.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:

an aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve comprises a valve cover, an energy converter and a valve seat;

the valve cover is a hollow cylinder with an opening at one end and a closed end;

the valve seat comprises a base and a shell, wherein the base is disc-shaped, the shell is a hollow cylinder with two open ends, and one end of the shell is coaxially and fixedly connected with the base; a fuel outlet is formed in the center of the base and is a circular through hole; the base or the shell is also provided with a fuel inlet which enables the valve seat to be communicated internally and externally;

the transducer adopts a Langevin vibrator and comprises a pretightening bolt, a balancing weight, a piezoelectric ceramic component, a flange plate and a valve core;

the pre-tightening bolt is used for fixedly connecting the balancing weight, the piezoelectric ceramic component, the flange plate and the valve core;

the balancing weight is a cylinder, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt to pass through is formed in the balancing weight along the axis;

the piezoelectric ceramic component comprises 2n stacked longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, the longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are annular and are polarized along the thickness direction, and the polarization directions of the adjacent longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite;

the valve core comprises a connecting part, an amplitude changing part, a conducting part and a contact part, wherein the connecting part is a cylinder; the conducting part is a cylindrical rod body, and the diameter of the end face of the conducting part is smaller than that of the end face of the connecting part; the amplitude-changing part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the connecting part, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the conducting part; the end with the larger area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the connecting part, and the end with the smaller area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the conduction part; the contact part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the contact part is equal to that of the end face of the conduction part and is larger than that of the fuel outlet, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the contact part is smaller than that of the fuel outlet; one end of the contact part with larger area is coaxially and fixedly connected with the other end of the conduction part;

the valve core is provided with a threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt at the center of the end face of the connecting part far away from the amplitude-changing part;

the flange plate is disc-shaped, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt to pass through is formed in the center of the flange plate;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the balancing weight, the piezoelectric ceramic component and the flange plate and then is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole of the valve core to tightly press the piezoelectric ceramic component;

one end of the flange plate is fixedly connected with one end of the shell far away from the base in a sealed and coaxial manner, so that the valve core is positioned in the valve seat, and the contact part of the valve core is abutted against the fuel inlet of the base of the valve seat;

the other end of the flange plate is coaxially and fixedly connected with the valve cover, so that a balancing weight and a piezoelectric ceramic component of the transducer are positioned in the valve cover;

the first-order longitudinal vibration modal frequency of the transducer is the frequency multiplication of the flange plate surface external bending vibration modal frequency.

As a further optimization scheme of the aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve, a sealing ring is arranged between one end of the flange plate and the shell and used for blocking fuel leakage and adjusting interference magnitude of interference fit between the contact part of the valve core and a fuel outlet of the valve seat base.

As a further optimization scheme of the aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve, the flange plate and the valve core are integrally formed to prevent fuel from leaking to one side of the piezoelectric ceramic component.

As a further optimization scheme of the aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve, circular grooves for amplifying out-of-plane bending vibration amplitude of the transducer are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the flange plate.

The invention also discloses a working method of the aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve, which comprises the following processes:

when the power is off, the contact part of the valve core is matched with the fuel inlet taper hole of the valve seat base and is in interference fit, so that power-off self-locking can be realized;

when the valve works, the piezoelectric ceramic component is driven by an electric signal, a first-order longitudinal vibration mode of the transducer and the out-of-plane bending vibration of the flange plate are excited, and the two vibrations are superposed to enable the end part of the valve core to generate reciprocating vibration, so that the dynamic opening of the valve is realized; at the moment, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve can be changed by adjusting the voltage of the electric signal, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve is in direct proportion to the input electric signal, and the flow of the valve is in direct proportion to the opening and closing amplitude of the valve under the given pressure difference, so that the flow rate and the flow rate proportion of the valve can be controlled; by adjusting the period of the electric signal, the opening and closing frequency of the valve can be controlled, and the high-frequency response of the valve is realized.

Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:

1. the invention has simple structure and is convenient for miniaturization;

2. the control mode is simple, and the method has wide application prospect;

3. the production cost is low, and the large-scale production can be realized;

4. the proportional control and the accurate control of the flow speed and the flow can be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic view of an aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve structure provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a piezoelectric ceramic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a structural section view of an aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first order longitudinal vibration of a transducer provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outward bending vibration of the flange plate according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of the working cycle of an aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the opening and closing amplitude of a valve and an input electric signal of an aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve provided by an embodiment of the invention;

in the figure, 1-valve cover, 2-transducer, 3-sealing ring, 4-valve seat, 2.1-pretightening bolt, 2.2-balancing weight, 2.3-piezoelectric ceramic component, 2.4-flange plate and 2.5-valve core.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by combining the attached drawings:

the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, components are exaggerated for clarity.

FIG. 1 shows an aviation fuel metering and regulating piezoelectric valve, which comprises a valve cover, a transducer and a valve seat;

the valve cover is a hollow cylinder with an opening at one end and a closed end;

the valve seat comprises a base and a shell, wherein the base is disc-shaped, the shell is a hollow cylinder with two open ends, and one end of the shell is coaxially and fixedly connected with the base; a fuel outlet is formed in the center of the base and is a circular through hole; the base or the shell is also provided with a fuel inlet which enables the valve seat to be communicated internally and externally;

as shown in fig. 2, the transducer adopts a langevin vibrator, which comprises a pretightening bolt, a balancing weight, a piezoelectric ceramic component, a flange plate and a valve core;

the pre-tightening bolt is used for fixedly connecting the balancing weight, the piezoelectric ceramic component, the flange plate and the valve core;

the balancing weight is a cylinder, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt to pass through is formed in the balancing weight along the axis;

the piezoelectric ceramic component comprises 2n stacked longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, the longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are annular and are polarized along the thickness direction, and the polarization directions of the adjacent longitudinal vibration piezoelectric ceramic pieces are opposite, as shown in fig. 3;

the valve core comprises a connecting part, an amplitude changing part, a conducting part and a contact part, wherein the connecting part is a cylinder; the conducting part is a cylindrical rod body, and the diameter of the end face of the conducting part is smaller than that of the end face of the connecting part; the amplitude-changing part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the connecting part, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the amplitude-changing part is equal to that of the end face of the conducting part; the end with the larger area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the connecting part, and the end with the smaller area of the amplitude variation part is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the conduction part; the contact part is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the larger end face of the contact part is equal to that of the end face of the conduction part and is larger than that of the fuel outlet, and the diameter of the smaller end face of the contact part is smaller than that of the fuel outlet; one end of the contact part with larger area is coaxially and fixedly connected with the other end of the conduction part;

the valve core is provided with a threaded blind hole matched with the pre-tightening bolt at the center of the end face of the connecting part far away from the amplitude-changing part;

the flange plate is disc-shaped, and a through hole for the pre-tightening bolt to pass through is formed in the center of the flange plate;

the stud of the pre-tightening bolt sequentially penetrates through the balancing weight, the piezoelectric ceramic component and the flange plate and then is in threaded connection with the threaded blind hole of the valve core to tightly press the piezoelectric ceramic component;

one end of the flange plate is fixedly connected with one end of the shell far away from the base in a sealed and coaxial manner, so that the valve core is positioned in the valve seat, and the contact part of the valve core is abutted against the fuel inlet of the base of the valve seat; the other end of the flange plate is coaxially and fixedly connected with the valve cover, so that a balancing weight and a piezoelectric ceramic component of the transducer are positioned in the valve cover, as shown in fig. 4;

as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first-order longitudinal vibration mode frequency of the transducer is the frequency multiplication of the flange plate surface external bending vibration mode frequency.

And a sealing ring is arranged between one end of the flange plate and the shell and used for blocking fuel oil from leaking, and interference magnitude of interference fit between the contact part of the valve core and the fuel oil outlet of the valve seat base is adjusted.

The flange plate and the valve core are preferably manufactured by adopting an integral forming technology so as to prevent fuel oil from leaking to one side of the piezoelectric ceramic component.

And circular grooves for amplifying the out-of-plane bending vibration amplitude of the transducer are symmetrically arranged on two end faces of the flange plate.

The valve cover and the valve seat are made of metal or nonmetal materials with proper performance according to the liquid delivery and the working environment.

The invention also discloses a working method of the aviation fuel metering and adjusting piezoelectric valve, which comprises the following processes:

when the power is off, the contact part of the valve core is matched with the fuel inlet taper hole of the valve seat base and is in interference fit, so that power-off self-locking can be realized;

when the valve works, the piezoelectric ceramic component is driven by an electric signal, a first-order longitudinal vibration mode of the transducer and the out-of-plane bending vibration of the flange plate are excited, and the two vibrations are superposed to enable the end part of the valve core to generate reciprocating vibration so as to realize the dynamic opening of the valve, as shown in fig. 7; at the moment, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve can be changed by adjusting the voltage of the electric signal, the opening and closing amplitude of the valve is in direct proportion to the input electric signal, and the flow of the valve is in direct proportion to the opening and closing amplitude of the valve under the given pressure difference, so that the flow rate and the flow rate proportion of the valve can be controlled; the frequency of opening and closing of the valve can be controlled by adjusting the period of the electrical signal, and the high-frequency response of the valve is realized, as shown in fig. 8, the valve is opened in the first half period and is closed in the second half period of one period of the electrical signal.

The invention has simple structure, convenient miniaturization and simple control mode, can realize the proportional control and the accurate control of the flow velocity and the flow, and has wide application prospect.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.