阅读说明：本技术 具有带有两个平衡轴的质量平衡传动机构的内燃机 (Internal combustion engine with a mass-balanced transmission having two balancing shafts ) 是由 J·约伊斯滕-皮里茨 T·克莱恩施密特 于 2020-04-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：内燃机,所述内燃机具有曲轴箱,在所述曲轴箱中可转动地支承有处于具有轴承盖的轴承中的曲轴,在所述曲轴上铰接有至少一个带有活塞的连杆,所述活塞能在气缸中运动,所述气缸被气缸盖覆盖以形成燃烧室,并且在气缸盖中设置有换气阀,所述换气阀被至少一个凸轮轴操纵,所述凸轮轴经由传动机构与设置在曲轴上的齿轮传动机构齿轮连接,存在具有两个平衡轴的质量平衡传动机构,其特征在于,所述质量平衡传动机构设置在传动机构框架中在曲轴下方安装到曲轴箱上并且被设置在曲轴上的质量轴传动齿轮驱动,所述质量轴传动齿轮轴向地基本上在齿轮传动机构齿轮/中间轮旁设置,并且所述齿轮传动机构齿轮/中间轮设置在主轴承盖上。(Internal combustion engine having a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted in bearings having bearing covers, on which crankshaft at least one connecting rod with a piston is articulated, which piston is movable in a cylinder, which is covered by a cylinder head to form a combustion chamber, and in which cylinder head gas exchange valves are arranged, which gas exchange valves are actuated by at least one camshaft, which is geared via a gear train to a gear train arranged on the crankshaft, there being a mass-balancing gear train having two balancing shafts, characterized in that the mass-balancing gear train is arranged in a gear train frame, mounted on the crankcase below the crankshaft and is driven by a mass-shaft drive gear arranged on the crankshaft, which mass-shaft drive gear is arranged axially substantially next to the gear train gear/intermediate wheel, and the gear/intermediate wheel of the gear transmission is arranged on the main bearing cap.)

1. Internal combustion engine having a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted in bearings having bearing covers, on which crankshaft at least one connecting rod with a piston is articulated, which piston is movable in a cylinder, which cylinder is covered by a cylinder head to form a combustion chamber, and in which cylinder head gas exchange valves are arranged, which gas exchange valves are actuated by at least one camshaft, which camshaft is geared via a gear train with a gear train arranged on the crankshaft, there being a mass-balancing gear train having two balancing shafts,

characterized in that the mass balancing gear is arranged in a gear frame (17) mounted to the crankcase below the crankshaft and driven by a mass shaft transmission gear (crankshaft gear 1) arranged on the crankshaft, which mass shaft transmission gear is arranged axially substantially next to the gear wheel/intermediate wheel (3), and the gear wheel/intermediate wheel (3) is arranged on the main bearing cover.

2. Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lubricating oil supply to the intermediate wheel bearing is taken from the lubricating oil supply to the main bearings on the crankcase side in such a way that the supply holes of the bearing blocks on the crankcase side are drilled and are further guided into the intermediate wheel bearing integrated in the main bearing caps.

3. An internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the supply of lubricating oil to the intermediate wheel bearing is tapped from the supply of lubricating oil to the main bearings on the crankcase side in such a way that the supply of oil to the intermediate wheel bearing is effected by bearing shells which are formed on the crankcase side and have an integrated oil supply groove on the rear side.

4. Method for operating an internal combustion engine, characterized in that a device according to one or more of the preceding claims is used.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine having a crankcase, in which a crankshaft is rotatably mounted, on which at least one connecting rod with a piston is articulated, wherein the piston can move in a cylinder, which is covered by a cylinder head to form a combustion chamber, and wherein gas exchange valves are arranged in the cylinder head, which are actuated by at least one camshaft, which is geared via a gear train to a gear train arranged on the crankshaft, wherein a mass-balancing gear train having two balancing shafts is present.

Background

Currently, mass balance drives are driven via gears mounted on a crank arm. These gears are very large and difficult to assemble, subject to system constraints. This complex and cost-intensive drive variant is determined by a strongly limited installation space. The lubricating oil pump is driven in part via an intermediate wheel support structure disposed in the crankcase. This results in problems of long tolerance chains and an unfavorable lubricant supply to the intermediate wheel bearing. In part, both systems must be constructed simultaneously in order to be able to drive the oil pump and simultaneously drive the mass-balancing transmission.

Such an internal combustion engine is also known from DE 4128432 a 1. In the internal combustion engine, a mass balancing gear is formed, which is integrated directly into the crankcase of the internal combustion engine. On the one hand, this results in the following possibilities: during the machining of the crankcase, the bearing points for the balancing shaft of the mass balancing transmission are produced in a common step during the machining or production of the bearing points for the crankshaft, the intermediate wheel or the cams, for example. This enables the distance of the individual bearing points from one another to be very precisely maintained. On the other hand, in particular in internal combustion engines used as industrial, commercial or construction machine engines, mass balancing transmissions are required only on demand. In the case of a crankshaft box, the production of bearing points for the mass balancing gear, at least in the crankcase, constitutes an additional expenditure which leads to additional costs.

DE 10240713 a1 discloses a device for balancing the inertial forces for an internal combustion engine with two balancing shafts which run in opposite directions at twice the crankshaft speed and which are arranged below the crankshaft in an oil sump disposed below the crankcase.

The disadvantage of this is that the described variant is bulky and expensive.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine which forms a space-optimized and cost-effective drive variant for driving a lubricating oil pump or a mass balance transmission or both in an internal combustion engine.

The task is solved by the following means: a mass balance transmission is disposed in the transmission frame and mounted to the crankcase below the crankshaft and is driven by a drive gear disposed on the crankshaft. Irrespective of the fastening thread for the gear mechanism frame, which is to be produced with little effort, no unnecessary machining processes are required above all on the crankcase by this design.

In this case, the intermediate wheel bearing for driving the lubricating oil pump and/or the mass balance transmission is advantageously integrated into the main bearing housing, so that the oil pump and/or the mass balance transmission can be driven in an installation space which is only available to a limited extent. The necessary amount of oil is supplied through the main bearing housing in order to lubricate the intermediate wheel. In an alternative further development, it is provided that the intermediate wheel is equipped with a rolling bearing, so that no active lubricant feed from the bearing seat is required. Another advantage is that not only the angular error of the gears but also the backlash with the driving gear on the crankshaft is minimized. A further advantageous further development provides that the lubricant supply to the intermediate wheel bearing is tapped from the lubricant supply to the main bearings on the crankcase side. One variant provides that a feed bore of the bearing block on the crankcase side is drilled and guided further into the intermediate wheel bearing integrated in the main bearing cover. In a further variant, the oil supply to the intermediate wheel bearing is provided by a bearing shell which is formed on the crankcase side and has an integrated oil supply groove on the rear side. In a further variant, for the oil supply to the intermediate wheel bearing, one of the main bearing threaded passages is supplied with pressurized oil, wherein oil is fed into the bearing pin for lubricating the intermediate wheel.

In a further development of the invention, two balance shaft gears are provided which mesh with one another, and a drive gear is arranged axially next to the balance shaft gears, said drive gear engaging with a mass transmission gear (massstribzahnrad) via a balance shaft intermediate gear. The combination enables, on the one hand, the gear ratio to be set and, on the other hand, the shaft distance between the crankshaft and the two balance shafts to be bridged by the balance shaft intermediate wheel.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the oil pump gear is in direct engagement with the gear wheel.

Drawings

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the description of the figures, in which the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures are described in greater detail. In the figure:

fig. 1 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a roll-mounted intermediate wheel;

fig. 2 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a slidingly mounted intermediate wheel;

fig. 3 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a roll-mounted intermediate wheel;

fig. 4 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a slidingly mounted intermediate wheel.

Detailed Description

The gear drive mechanism gear and the mass axis drive gear (massenwelliebzahnrad) are fixed to a protrusion of the crankshaft in a rotationally fixed manner, as shown in fig. 1. The gear of the gear transmission mechanism is embedded with a step gear which is meshed with the cam shaft gear. The gear train gear also drives an oil pump gear, which is a component of an oil pump arranged in the gear train housing.

The crankshaft gear 1 is fixed on the crankshaft and is operatively connected to the mass balance shaft 4 by means of an intermediate wheel screwed onto the bearing cap 2. A central receptacle 5 in the bearing cap is provided on the bearing cap 2. Furthermore, the crankshaft gear 1 fixed on the crankshaft is operatively connected to an intermediate wheel 6 of an oil pump, which in turn is operatively connected to a drive wheel 7 of the oil pump. The screw-connected bearing bolt 8 receives the roller-mounted intermediate wheel 3 in such a way that a screw 16 and a roller bearing 15 are screwed onto the bearing cap 2.

Fig. 2 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism having a balance gear and a slidably mounted intermediate wheel.

The mass-compensating gear is driven via a balance shaft intermediate wheel, which in turn drives a drive gear, which is arranged axially in front of a balance shaft gear, which is in engagement with a second balance shaft gear.

The two balance shaft gears are connected to a mass balance shaft which is mounted in a gear mechanism frame 17 of the mass balance gear mechanism. The drive mechanism frame is directly fixed in threaded connection to the underside of the crankcase. The crankshaft gear 1 is fixed on the crankshaft and is operatively connected to a mass balance shaft 4 by means of an intermediate wheel 3 screwed to the bearing cap 2. Furthermore, a crankshaft gear 1 fixed on the crankshaft is operatively connected to an intermediate wheel 3, which in turn is operatively connected to a drive wheel 7 of the oil pump. The integrally cast bearing bolt 9 receives the slidably mounted intermediate wheel 3, which is screwed to the bearing cap 2 with a catch disk 10 and screws 16. The annular gap 11 for oil supply is supplied with oil by means of an oil inlet 12 from the bearing seat bore into the annular gap, which oil leads to an oil supply 13 of the plain bearing 14 from the annular gap 11.

The illustration in fig. 3 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a roll-mounted intermediate wheel 3. The crankshaft gear 1 is fixed on the crankshaft and is operatively connected to the mass balance shaft 4 by means of an intermediate wheel screwed onto the bearing cap 2. A central receptacle 5 in the bearing cap is provided on the bearing cap 2. Furthermore, the crankshaft gear 1 fixed on the crankshaft is operatively connected to an intermediate wheel 6 of an oil pump, which in turn is operatively connected to a drive wheel 7 of the oil pump. The screw-connected bearing bolt 8 receives the roller-mounted intermediate wheel 3 in such a way that a screw 16 and a roller bearing 15 are screwed onto the bearing cap 2.

Fig. 4 shows a front view of an internal combustion engine with a partially assembled gear mechanism with a balance gear and a slidingly mounted intermediate wheel 3. The crankshaft gear 1 is fixed on the crankshaft and is operatively connected to a mass balance shaft 4 by means of an intermediate wheel 3 screwed to the bearing cap 2. Furthermore, a crankshaft gear 1 fixed on the crankshaft is operatively connected to an intermediate wheel 3, which in turn is operatively connected to a drive wheel 7 of the oil pump. The integrally cast bearing bolt 9 receives the slidably mounted intermediate wheel 3, which is screwed to the bearing cap 2 with a catch disk 10 and screws 16. The annular gap 11 for oil supply is supplied with oil by means of an oil inlet 12 from the bearing seat bore into the annular gap, which oil leads to an oil supply 13 of the plain bearing 14 from the annular gap 11.

List of reference numerals

1 crankshaft gear

2 bearing cap

3 middle wheel screwed on bearing cap

4 mass balance shaft

5 central accommodation in the bearing cap

6 oil pump intermediate wheel

7 driving wheel of oil pump

8 threaded connection's bearing bolt

9 bearing bolt integrally cast on bearing cover

10-gear plate

11 annular gap for oil supply

12 oil inlet from the bearing seat bore into the annular gap

13 oil supply structure from annular gap of sliding bearing

14 plain bearing of intermediate wheel

15 rolling bearing of intermediate wheel

16 screw

17 drive mechanism frame