阅读说明：本技术 利用太阳能集热和弃风弃光电能捕集燃煤电厂co2的系统及方法 (Method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and abandoned light electric energy2System and method ) 是由 向勇 许豫帆 刘毅伟 肖笑 肖明菲 石金磊 李佳成 王韵怡 于 2021-09-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种利用太阳能集热和弃风弃光电能捕集燃煤电厂CO-(2)的系统及方法,其中,所述系统包括燃煤电厂、碳捕集系统、太阳能集热系统、风电厂和/或光电厂及CO-(2)利用或封存系统,所述燃煤电厂的烟气排放管道与碳捕集系统连通,用以为碳捕集系统提供烟气,所述碳捕集系统还与所述CO-(2)利用或封存系统连通,用以将捕集到的CO-(2)进行利用或封存；所述风电厂和/或光电厂用于为所述碳捕集系统中的耗电设备提供电能,太阳能集热系统用于为所述碳捕集系统中的耗热设备提供热能。本发明合理使用太阳能集热以及弃风弃光的能源进行碳捕集,在低碳捕集CO-(2)的同时,可显著降低弃风弃光率以及避免燃煤电厂因频繁深度调峰带来的系列问题。(The invention provides a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy 2 Wherein the system comprises a coal-fired power plant, a carbon capture system, a solar energy collection system, a wind and/or photovoltaic plant and CO 2 The utilization or sealing system is used for communicating a flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant with the carbon capture system so as to provide flue gas for the carbon capture system, and the carbon capture system is also communicated with the CO 2 Communicating with or sealing systems for capturing CO 2 Carrying out utilization or sealing; the wind power plant and/or the light power plant are used for providing electric energy for power consumption equipment in the carbon capture system, and the solar heat collection system is used for providing heat energy for heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system. The invention reasonably uses the sunThe energy capable of collecting heat and abandoning wind and light is used for carbon capture, and CO is captured at low carbon 2 Meanwhile, the light abandoning rate of the abandoned wind can be obviously reduced, and series problems caused by frequent deep peak regulation of the coal-fired power plant can be avoided.)

1. Method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and photoelectric energy₂The system of (a), wherein the system comprises: coal-fired power plant and carbon capture systemSolar energy collection system, wind power plant and/or photovoltaic plant and CO₂Utilizing or sealing up the system, the flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant is communicated with the carbon capture system to provide flue gas for the carbon capture system, and the carbon capture system is also communicated with the CO₂Communicating with or sealing systems for capturing CO₂Carrying out utilization or sealing;

the wind power plant and/or the light power plant are used for providing electric energy for power consumption equipment in the carbon capture system, and the solar heat collection system is used for providing heat energy for heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a compressor, the carbon capture system piped through the compressor with the CO₂Communicating by using or sealing a system;

preferably, the wind power plant and/or the light power plant is used for providing the compressor with electric energy.

3. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbon capture system is an MEA carbon capture system;

preferably, the MEA carbon capture system comprises an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a heat exchanger and a reboiler, wherein a gas inlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant, a rich liquid outlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a rich liquid inlet of the regeneration tower through a rich liquid pump and the heat exchanger, and a lean liquid outlet of the regeneration tower is communicated with a lean liquid inlet of the absorption tower through the lean liquid pump and the heat exchanger; the regeneration tower is also communicated with the reboiler to heat the rich liquid in the regeneration tower;

the wind power plant and/or the light power plant are/is used for providing electric energy for the rich liquid pump and the lean liquid pump, and the solar heat collection system is used for providing heat energy for the reboiler;

preferably also, the wind power plant and/or photovoltaic plant is further adapted to power the reboiler.

4. The system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the solar heat collection system comprises a solar heat collector, an energy storage unit and a boiler, the solar heat collector is communicated with the energy storage unit through a first heat pump so as to store the heat energy collected by the solar heat collector in the energy storage unit through the first heat pump, the energy storage unit is communicated with the boiler through a second heat pump so as to supply the heat energy stored in the energy storage unit to the boiler through the second heat pump, so that steam is generated in the boiler so as to provide heat energy for a heat consumption device in the carbon capture system;

preferably, the energy storage unit is a lithium ion battery.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the solar collector is a solar collector panel.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the wind power plant comprises a wind power generator, a PMSG, AC/DC, and DC/AC, the wind power generator being electrically connected to a power grid via the PMSG, AC/DC, and DC/AC in sequence.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power plant comprises a solar panel and a controller, the solar panel being electrically connected to a power grid via the controller.

8. The system according to any one of claims 1, 6-7, further comprising an electrical energy storage device for storing surplus electrical energy generated by the wind power plant and/or the photovoltaic plant;

preferably, the electric energy storage device is an electric energy storage device composed of waste lithium batteries.

9. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coal-fired power plant comprises a coal-fired power plant boiler, a desulfurization and denitrification device, a steam turbine and a condenser, wherein a flue gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler is communicated with the desulfurization and denitrification device through a first outlet pipeline, and the desulfurization and denitrification device is communicated with the carbon capture system through a flue gas discharge pipeline; the gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler is communicated with the gas inlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler through a second outlet pipeline sequentially via a steam turbine, a condenser and a pump.

10. Method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and photoelectric energy₂The method is characterized in that the method is used for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy of any one of claims 1 to 9₂The system of (1), comprising:

enabling flue gas of the coal-fired power plant after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to enter a carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide, wherein in the process of capturing the carbon dioxide, electric energy generated by a wind power plant and/or a light power plant and heat energy collected by a solar heat collection system are respectively utilized to provide electric energy and heat energy for power consumption equipment and heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system;

and reusing or sealing the captured carbon dioxide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy₂Belonging to the technical field of low-carbon energy.

Background

Currently, the existing "dual carbon" target draws attention to thermal power generation, which accounts for the largest proportion of carbon emissions. The carbon capture modification of coal-fired power plants has been very slow.

The development of low carbon energy is one of the main ways to reduce carbon emissions. In recent years, new energy industries such as wind power and photovoltaic power generation are actively built in China, but the wind and light abandoning rate is high due to the difficulty in absorption. If the light rate is abandoned by the abandoned wind, frequent deep peak shaving of a thermal power plant can be caused, the economy of thermal power generation is reduced, and the problems of thermal fatigue failure of a heating surface of a boiler and the like are easily caused. How to reduce the wind and light abandoning rate and avoid frequent deep peak shaving of a thermal power plant is one of research hotspots in the power related field. With the proposal of the 'double Carbon' target in China, the Carbon Capture, Utilization and sequestration (CCUS) technology plays an irreplaceable role in realizing the 'Carbon neutralization' target in 2060 years in China. The technology is widely considered to be one of the main technical means for effectively coping with the climate change problem for human internationally. According to the IPCC evaluation report, CCUS is an indispensable technical means for realizing carbon emission reduction of a fossil energy utilization system at the present stage.

At present, a carbon capture system used in a coal-fired power plant comprises a carbon capture system of the coal-fired power plant driven by a solar heating absorption heat pump and a vacuum pressure-variable temperature-variable coupling adsorption carbon capture system assisted by a solar organic rankine cycle, wherein the carbon capture system mainly comprises a carbon dioxide capture unit, a low-temperature solar heat collection unit, an absorption heat pump unit, a steam turbine and a low-pressure water supply heater in a power generation system of the power plant, and the carbon capture system mainly provides required electric power and heat for the vacuum pressure-variable temperature-variable coupling adsorption carbon capture by the solar organic rankine cycle, and simultaneously ensures the purity, the recovery rate and the yield of carbon dioxide product gas. Although both the technologies can realize carbon capture of a coal-fired power plant to a certain extent, both the technologies have certain disadvantages, for example, a carbon capture system of the coal-fired power plant driven by a solar heating absorption heat pump can generate carbon emission, and the problem of the carbon emission cannot be fundamentally solved.

In addition, the thermal power of China is still the main power generation mode, the installed capacity still occupies a large proportion, and in order to realize the double-carbon target, the problem of carbon emission of the thermal power plant of China must be reasonably solved.

Therefore, a novel method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and solar electric energy₂The system and the method become technical problems to be solved in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

To solve the above disadvantages and shortcomings, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light electricity abandoning energy₂The system of (1).

The invention also aims to provide a method for capturing CO2 of a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energyThe method is carried out. The invention reasonably uses the energy sources of solar heat collection and wind and light abandonment to carry out carbon capture and capture CO at low carbon₂Meanwhile, the light abandoning rate of the abandoned wind can be obviously reduced, and series problems caused by frequent deep peak regulation of the coal-fired power plant can be avoided.

In order to achieve the above objects, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light electricity abandonment₂Wherein the system comprises: coal-fired power plant, carbon capture system, solar energy collection system, wind and/or photovoltaic plant and CO₂Utilizing or sealing up the system, the flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant is communicated with the carbon capture system to provide flue gas for the carbon capture system, and the carbon capture system is also communicated with the CO₂Communicating with or sealing systems for capturing CO₂Carrying out utilization or sealing;

the wind power plant and/or the light power plant are used for providing electric energy for power consumption equipment in the carbon capture system, and the solar heat collection system is used for providing heat energy for heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system.

In an embodiment of the above system, the system further comprises a compressor, and the carbon capture system is connected to the CO by a pipeline via the compressor₂Communicating with or sealing systems.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, wherein, preferably, the wind power plant and/or the photovoltaic plant is further used for providing the compressor with electric energy.

Wherein the compressor is a conventional device.

In an embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the carbon complementary system is an MEA carbon capture system.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the MEA carbon capture system includes an absorption tower, a regeneration tower, a heat exchanger and a reboiler, a gas inlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant, a rich liquid outlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a rich liquid inlet of the regeneration tower through a rich liquid pump and the heat exchanger, and a lean liquid outlet of the regeneration tower is communicated with a lean liquid inlet of the absorption tower through a lean liquid pump and the heat exchanger; the regeneration tower is also communicated with the reboiler to heat the rich liquid in the regeneration tower;

the wind power plant and/or the light power plant are used for providing electric energy for the rich liquid pump and the lean liquid pump, and the solar heat collection system is used for providing heat energy for the reboiler.

In an embodiment of the above system, the wind power plant and/or the photovoltaic plant is further configured to power the reboiler.

Among them, the absorption column, the regeneration column, the heat exchanger, the reboiler, and the like used in the MEA carbon capture system are conventional apparatuses.

As an embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the solar heat collecting system includes a solar heat collector, an energy storage unit and a boiler, the solar heat collector is communicated with the energy storage unit through a first heat pump to store the heat energy collected by the solar heat collector in the energy storage unit through the first heat pump, the energy storage unit is communicated with the boiler through a second heat pump to supply the heat energy stored in the energy storage unit to the boiler through the second heat pump, so as to generate steam in the boiler to provide the heat energy for the heat consumption device in the carbon capture system.

In an embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the solar thermal collector is a solar thermal collecting plate.

The solar heat collector, the energy storage unit, the boiler, the heat pump and the like used by the solar heat collection system are conventional devices.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the energy storage unit is a lithium ion battery.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the lithium ion battery may be, for example, a lithium ion battery commonly used in the field of new energy vehicles.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the wind power plant comprises a wind power generator, a PMSG, an AC/DC and a DC/AC, wherein the wind power generator is electrically connected to a power grid through the PMSG, the AC/DC and the DC/AC in sequence.

The wind power generator, the PMSG, the AC/DC and the DC/AC used by the wind power plant are all conventional devices.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the photovoltaic power plant includes a solar panel and a controller, and the solar panel is electrically connected to a power grid via the controller.

The solar cell panel and the controller used by the photovoltaic power plant are conventional devices.

In an embodiment of the above system, the system further includes an electric energy storage device for storing surplus electric energy generated by the wind power plant and/or the photovoltaic power plant.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the electric energy storage device is an electric energy storage device composed of waste lithium batteries.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the waste lithium battery may be a lithium battery detached from a waste electric vehicle.

As a specific embodiment of the above system of the present invention, the coal-fired power plant comprises a coal-fired power plant boiler, a desulfurization and denitrification device, a steam turbine and a condenser, wherein a flue gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler is communicated with the desulfurization and denitrification device through a first outlet pipeline, and the desulfurization and denitrification device is communicated with the carbon capture system through a flue gas discharge pipeline; the gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler is communicated with the gas inlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler through a second outlet pipeline sequentially via a steam turbine, a condenser and a pump.

Wherein, the boiler, the desulfurization and denitrification device, the steam turbine, the condenser and the like of the coal-fired power plant are conventional equipment.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a method for capturing CO in the coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy₂Wherein the method utilizes the above-mentioned solar energy collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy captureCO collection of coal-fired power plant₂The system of (1), comprising:

enabling flue gas of the coal-fired power plant after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to enter a carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide, wherein in the process of capturing the carbon dioxide, electric energy generated by a wind power plant and/or a light power plant and heat energy collected by a solar heat collection system are respectively utilized to provide electric energy and heat energy for power consumption equipment and heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system;

and reusing or sealing the captured carbon dioxide.

As a specific embodiment of the above method of the present invention, a part of the flue gas generated by the boiler of the coal-fired power plant enters the carbon capture system after passing through the desulfurization and denitrification device, and a part of the flue gas enters the steam turbine and flows to the condenser, and then is compressed by the pump and flows back to the boiler of the coal-fired power plant for the next process.

As a specific embodiment of the above method of the present invention, when the carbon replenishment system is an MEA carbon capture system, flue gas generated by a boiler of a coal-fired power plant enters an absorption tower of the carbon capture system after passing through a desulfurization and denitrification device, a part of the flue gas is treated in the absorption tower and then discharged, a part of the flue gas is absorbed by an MEA solution in the absorption tower to form a rich solution, the rich solution flows into a rich solution pump, the MEA solution in the rich solution is re-precipitated in a regeneration tower by heating of a heat exchanger and a reboiler, the regenerated MEA solution can pass through the lean solution pump and be cooled in the heat exchanger and then flow back to the absorption tower to be reused, and CO regenerated from the MEA solution can be reused₂The gas may be utilized or sequestered.

As a specific embodiment of the above method of the present invention, the wind power plant generates electricity by a wind power generator, and the electricity generated by the wind power generator is converted into usable electricity through PMSG, AC/DC and DC/AC to enter a power grid for direct use by the carbon capture system.

As a specific embodiment of the above method of the present invention, the photovoltaic plant incorporates the power input controller adjusted by the solar panels into the power grid for direct use by the carbon capture system.

As a specific embodiment of the above method of the present invention, the surplus electric energy generated by the wind power plant and/or the photovoltaic plant directly supplying power to the carbon capture system is stored in the electric energy storage device.

The invention utilizes the electric energy generated by the wind power plant and/or the light power plant to directly supply power for the carbon capture system, and can obviously reduce the carbon emission in the carbon capture system.

Compared with the prior art, the invention collects CO in the coal-fired power plant by using solar energy collection and wind and light electricity abandoning energy₂The system and the method can achieve the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention couples the new energy/clean energy, namely the wind and light clean energy power generation system with the traditional thermal power generation system, and can realize the low-carbon dioxide (CO) capture₂) Meanwhile, the utilization rate of new energy power generation is increased, the frequency of deep peak regulation of thermal power generation is reduced, the problem of high abandonment rate of new energy power generation caused by insufficient deep peak regulation capability of a current coal-fired power plant is solved, the impact of new energy power generation grid connection on a power grid is reduced, and the problems that a heating surface is easy to lose efficacy, the economical efficiency of the power plant is reduced and the like caused by frequent deep peak regulation of the coal-fired power plant can be avoided;

compared with the traditional carbon capture mode of steam extraction and energy supply of a steam turbine, the invention adopts solar energy collection and wind and photovoltaic energy abandoning to supply energy to the carbon capture system, can efficiently utilize wind and electricity which are abandoned originally to supply energy to the carbon capture system, and reduces CO of a coal-fired power plant₂The carbon emission and the trapping cost in the trapping process realize green carbon trapping and economic carbon trapping.

In conclusion, the system and the method provided by the invention have good application prospects under the large background of double-carbon targets.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy provided by embodiment 1 of the invention₂Schematic structural diagram of the system of (1).

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a coal-fired power plant in the system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the configuration of the MEA carbon capture system in the system according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind power plant, a photovoltaic plant and an electric energy storage device in the system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar energy heat collecting system in the system provided by embodiment 1 of the present invention.

The main reference numbers illustrate:

in fig. 1:

i, a coal-fired power plant;

II, an MEA carbon capture system;

III, wind power plants and photoelectric plants;

IV, a solar heat collection system;

Ⅴ、CO₂utilizing or sealing the system;

in fig. 2:

1. a coal fired power plant boiler;

2. a steam turbine;

3. a desulfurization and denitrification device;

4. a condenser;

5. a pump;

in fig. 3:

6. an absorption tower;

7. a heat exchanger;

8. a regeneration tower;

9. a reboiler;

10. a barren liquor pump;

11. a rich liquor pump;

in fig. 4:

12. a wind power generator;

13、PMSG；

14、AC/DC；

15、DC/AC；

16. an electrical energy storage device;

17. a controller;

18. a solar panel;

in fig. 5:

19. a boiler;

20. an energy storage unit;

21. a solar heat collector;

22. a first heat pump;

23. a second heat pump;

24. a compressor.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be made with reference to the following specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the term "comprises/comprising" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this invention and the above-described drawings is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Furthermore, the terms "disposed" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a method for collecting and burning coal and electricity by using solar energy collection and wind and light abandoning energyPlant CO₂The structural schematic diagram of the system is shown in fig. 1, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the system comprises:

coal-fired power plant I, MEA carbon capture system II, wind power plant and photoelectric plant III, solar heat collection system IV and CO₂Utilizing or sealing the system V;

the schematic structural diagram of the coal-fired power plant I is shown in FIG. 2, and as can be seen from FIG. 2, the coal-fired power plant I comprises a coal-fired power plant boiler 1, a desulfurization and denitrification device 3, a steam turbine 2 and a condenser 4, wherein a flue gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler 1 is communicated with the desulfurization and denitrification device 3 through a first outlet pipeline, and the desulfurization and denitrification device 3 is communicated with a gas inlet of an absorption tower 6 in the MEA carbon capture system II through a flue gas discharge pipeline so as to provide flue gas for the MEA carbon capture system II; the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler 1 is also communicated with the gas inlet of the coal-fired power plant boiler 1 through a second outlet pipeline sequentially by a steam turbine 2, a condenser 4 and a pump 5;

the schematic diagram of the structure of the MEA carbon capture system ii is shown in fig. 3, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the MEA carbon capture system ii includes an absorption tower 6, a regeneration tower 8, a heat exchanger 7 and a reboiler 9, a gas inlet of the absorption tower 6 is communicated with a flue gas discharge pipeline of the coal-fired power plant i, a rich liquid outlet of the absorption tower 6 is communicated with a rich liquid inlet of the regeneration tower 8 through a rich liquid pump 11 and the heat exchanger 7, and a lean liquid outlet of the regeneration tower 8 is communicated with a lean liquid inlet of the absorption tower 6 through a lean liquid pump 10 and the heat exchanger 7; the regeneration tower 8 is also communicated with the reboiler 9 to heat the rich liquid in the regeneration tower 8;

the carbon dioxide gas outlet of the regeneration tower 8 in the MEA carbon capture system II is communicated with the CO through a pipeline by a compressor 24₂Communicating by using or sealing a system V; and the wind power plant and the photovoltaic plant III are used for providing electric energy for the compressor 24;

the wind power plant and the photoelectric plant III are used for providing electric energy for a rich liquid pump 11, a rich liquid pump 10 and a reboiler 9, and the solar heat collection system IV is used for providing heat energy for the reboiler 9;

the schematic structural diagrams of the wind power plant and the photovoltaic plant III are shown in FIG. 4, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the wind power plant and the photovoltaic plant III comprise a wind power plant and a photovoltaic plant, wherein the wind power plant comprises a wind power generator 12, a PMSG13, an AC/DC 14 and a DC/AC 15, and the wind power generator 12 is electrically connected with a power grid through a PMSG13, an AC/DC 14 and a DC/AC 15 in sequence;

the photovoltaic plant comprises a solar panel 18 and a controller 17, wherein the solar panel 18 is electrically connected with a power grid through the controller 17;

the schematic structural diagram of the solar heat collection system iv is shown in fig. 5, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the solar heat collection system iv includes a solar heat collector 21, an energy storage unit 20 and a boiler 19, the solar heat collector 21 is communicated with the energy storage unit 20 through a first heat pump 22 so as to store the heat energy collected by the solar heat collector 21 in the energy storage unit 20 through the first heat pump 22, the energy storage unit 20 is communicated with the boiler 19 through a second heat pump 23 so as to supply the heat energy stored in the energy storage unit 20 to the boiler 19 through the second heat pump 23, so that water vapor is generated in the boiler 19 so as to provide heat energy for the reboiler 9 in the carbon capture system ii, and thus drive the reboiler 9 to normally operate;

wherein the solar heat collector 21 is a solar heat collecting plate.

In this embodiment, the system further includes an electric energy storage device 16 for storing surplus electric energy generated by the wind power plant and the photovoltaic power plant iii; the electric energy storage device is composed of waste lithium batteries.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a method for capturing CO in a coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and photovoltaic energy₂Wherein the method is to use the solar energy collection and the wind and light abandoning electric energy to capture CO in the coal-fired power plant provided by the embodiment 1₂The system of (1), comprising:

enabling flue gas of the coal-fired power plant after desulfurization and denitrification treatment to enter an MEA (membrane electrode assembly) carbon capture system for capturing carbon dioxide, wherein in the process of capturing the carbon dioxide, electric energy generated by a wind power plant and a light power plant and heat energy collected by a solar heat collection system are respectively utilized to provide electric energy and heat energy for power consumption equipment and heat consumption equipment in the carbon capture system;

the carbon dioxide obtained by capture is compressed by a compressor and then enters CO₂A system is utilized or sequestered to reuse or sequester it.

In this embodiment, a flue gas that coal fired power plant boiler produced partly gets into MEA carbon capture system behind the SOx/NOx control device, and partly flow to the condenser behind getting into steam turbine, compress the next process that goes on in the backward flow to coal fired power plant boiler participation boiler through the pump again.

In this embodiment, flue gas generated by the boiler of the coal-fired power plant enters the absorption tower of the MEA carbon capture system after passing through the desulfurization and denitrification device, a portion of the flue gas is discharged after being treated in the absorption tower, a portion of the flue gas is absorbed by the MEA solution in the absorption tower to form a rich solution, the rich solution flows into the rich solution pump, the heat exchanger and the reboiler are used for heating, the MEA solution in the rich solution is re-precipitated in the regeneration tower, the regenerated MEA solution can flow back to the absorption tower after being cooled in the heat exchanger through the lean solution pump and then be recycled, and CO regenerated from the MEA solution₂The gas may be utilized or sequestered.

In the embodiment, the wind power plant generates power through the wind driven generator, and the power generated by the wind driven generator is converted into available power through the PMSG, the AC/DC and the DC/AC and enters a power grid so as to be directly used by the carbon capture system.

In this embodiment, the photovoltaic plant adjusts the electrical input controller via the solar panel to be incorporated into the power grid for direct use by the carbon capture system.

In this embodiment, surplus electric energy generated after the wind power plant and the photovoltaic plant directly supply power to the compressor and the rich liquid pump, and the reboiler in the carbon capture system is stored in the electric energy storage device.

Following is a simulation calculation for the CO capture of coal-fired power plant by solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy provided in example 1₂The energy consumption and the economical efficiency of the system are analyzed, and the energy consumption simulation calculation and the solar energy collection of the MEA (organic amine) carbon capture system are mainly includedThe method comprises three parts of thermal heat supply economical efficiency evaluation and lithium battery energy storage cost accounting:

1) and (3) performing energy consumption simulation calculation on the organic amine carbon trapping system:

CO Capture Using MEA carbon Capture method with MEA carbon Capture System in inventive example 1₂And trapping, wherein the MEA carbon trapping method is more suitable for an air source with lower pressure, low concentration and small hydrogen sulfide partial pressure, and the MEA carbon trapping method has the advantages of simple process flow, small occupied area and small equipment investment, and is very suitable for reconstruction projects.

MEA process flow simulation calculations are performed using the ELECNRTL model in Aspen Plus, using the MEA carbon capture method as an example.

When the MEA carbon capture method is used for capturing carbon, heat consumption is generated on a regeneration tower and power consumption is generated on a pump, and if steam and electricity generated by electric energy generated by a coal-fired power plant are used for supplying energy to the regeneration tower, the aim of saving energy and reducing emission to the maximum extent cannot be fulfilled. The embodiment of the invention aims to reduce carbon emission in the carbon capture process to the maximum extent, increase the utilization rate of new energy power generation, use abandoned wind and abandoned photoelectric energy to supply power to equipment consuming electric energy of an MEA carbon capture system, and use abandoned wind and abandoned photoelectric energy to supplement energy supply (electric heating) to a reboiler when solar heat collection energy supply is insufficient due to weather reasons.

The MEA carbon capture system power consumption and carbon emissions were calculated as follows:

in examples 1-2 of the present invention, the inlet flue gas temperature of the absorber in the MEA carbon capture system was 50 ℃, and the flue gas composition is shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Components	N2	O2	CO2	H2O
					Is accounted by mol percent	75.1	3.44	12.46	9.00

Taking the mass flow of the flue gas as 100000kg/h as an example, then CO₂The mass flow of (2) was 18751.3 kg/h. Process parameters of the absorber in the MEA carbon capture system: the operation pressure is 1atm, and the temperature of the inlet barren solution is 40 ℃; the absorption solution adopts MEA solution with the concentration of 30 wt%, and the mass flow rate is 300000 kg/h; regeneration tower process parameters in the MEA carbon capture system: the operating pressure was 2atm and the inlet rich liquor temperature was 102 ℃. CO at the outlet of the absorption tower₂The flow rate is as follows: 303.6kg/h, CO is captured by an absorption tower₂The flow rate is as follows: 18447.7 kg/h. The carbon capture rate of the MEA carbon capture system was 98.4% from the above data.

Method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and abandoned light electric energy₂The system of (1) is a regeneration tower and a pump in the MEA carbon capture system and is used for CO₂The common research of the compressor for compression and transportation also shows that the unit energy consumption of the regeneration process in the regeneration tower, the pumping process of the pump and the compression and transportation process of the compressor is 3-4 GJ/t CO₂From the above simulation results, the specific carbon capture energy consumption was determined to be 4.068GJ/t CO₂To facilitate the design calculation of the next step.

Among them, the rich liquid pump in the pump is also one of the main energy-consuming components. The rich liquid pump is mainly used for pressurizing rich liquid at the outlet of the absorption tower so as to enable the rich liquid to be pressurized to the pressure required by the desorption process. According to the simulation result, the running energy consumption of the pregnant solution pump is 11.59kW, and the energy consumption corresponds to 18451t/h of CO₂And (4) collecting amount.

Collecting relatively pure CO₂The part of CO is required to be treated₂And carrying out compression and transportation. The amount of electricity generated by compressed transportation needs to be calculated, and the part of test data is also obtained by Aspen Plus simulation:

from the simulation result data shown above, it can be seen that the regeneration tower outlet CO is₂The pressure is 2 atm. Usually CO₂The storage and transportation pressure is 100-150atm, and the CO is carried out by adopting a six-stage compression-interstage cooling mode in the embodiment₂Compressing and storing, carrying out gas-liquid separation after interstage cooling to 35 ℃, and then entering the next stage of compression. Each stage of compression ratio is 2, the gas pressure after six stages of compression is 128MPa, and CO is ensured₂The purity of the product is more than 99%.

The total power consumption of the compressor is 2.2658 MW. From the above results, it can be seen that the regeneration column releases CO₂Has a mass flow of 18451.2kg/h, and CO is finally obtained after compression and separation₂The amount of the product is 18377.1kg/h, and the purity can reach 99.4 percent (mass fraction).

Supposing that a certain 2 x 660MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired unit in Mongolian region is taken as an example, the annual utilization hours is 6000h, the annual energy generation is 39.6 hundred million kW.h, and the heat value Q of the coal is taken_ar,net20.915MJ/kg, power plant efficiency 49.2%, plant power rate 5.4%, annual coal consumption 50.48 ten thousand tons, and pollutant CO₂The emission is 749.4g (kW. h)^-1。

In the system provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention, according to CO₂The collection rate was calculated to be 85%. Annual generated energy is 39.6 hundred million kW.h, CO₂The emission is 749.400g (kW. h)^-1Then CO is generated₂Annual emission of 2967624t, CO₂The annual trapping amount is 2522480.4 t; the power of the pregnant solution pump is 1584.684kW, and the annual energy consumption is 1.38 multiplied by 10⁷kW·h，CO₂The compression power is 309.799kW, and the annual energy consumption is 2.71 multiplied by 10⁶kW·h。

In summary, the power of the MEA carbon capture system is approximately 1894.393kW, and the annual energy consumption is approximately 1.66X 10⁷kW·h。

2) Solar heat collection and supply economy assessment

In the system provided in example 1 of the present invention, the solar heat collection system can supply heat to the reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system instead of supplying heat conventionally using commercially available steam or coal.

2.1 conventional heating

a. Coal-fired heat supply

The regeneration temperature of the MEA solution is generally about 120 ℃, taking saturated steam heating at 0.2MPa and 132 ℃ as an example, and the enthalpy difference before and after steam heating is 2211 kJ/kg.

Regeneration tower outlet flue gas CO₂The flow rate is as follows: 18451.2kg/h, and the energy consumption of the regeneration tower is as follows: 20.85MW, CO₂The unit trapping energy consumption is as follows:

heat requirement of reboiler in MEA carbon capture system:

Q＝q·M＝10.261×10⁶GJ (2)；

wherein M is CO₂Annual catch volume, which is 2522480.4 t;

the amount of steam consumed throughout the year:

each ton of steam amounted to 0.0886 tons of standard coal:

M_{coal (coal)}＝4.6413×10⁶×0.0886＝411224.80t (4)；

It can be seen that 41122.480 tons of standard coal are required all year round if heat is supplied to the reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system by the coal fired method. Calculated as the carbon content of 0.74162kg per kg of standard coal, 0.4kg of standard coal has a carbon emission of 0.272kg, resulting in carbon emissions throughout the year:

if a coal-fired power plant adopts raw coal to generate electricity, the market price of the raw coal is about 800 yuan/t, the heating value is 0.7143 kilograms of standard coal/kilogram of raw coal, and the conversion cost is about 2349.9 ten thousand yuan/year.

b. Commercial steam

If heat is supplied to the reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system by the commercial steam, the steam unit price is 180 yuan/ton steam, and the expenses for supplying heat to the reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system every year are as follows:

P₁＝4.6414×10⁶x 180 ═ 83545.2 ten thousand yuan (6);

2.2 solar energy heat collecting System to replace steam heating

Considering that the regeneration temperature of the MEA solution is 120 ℃, the calculation is carried out by selecting an inclined tracking shaft groove type heat collector in the solar heat collector in the embodiment 1 of the invention. The heat collection efficiency of the solar heat collector is greatly influenced by the environment, and the heat collection efficiency is changed along with the change of the irradiation angle in different seasons and different time. The average solar heat radiation amount data for each season is shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

Season	Spring season	(Summer)	Autumn	Winter season
					Average amount of solar heat radiation (W/m)2)	164.8	203.2	151.3	90.5
Heat collection efficiency	60％	70％	60％	30％

The second row of data in table 2 is the average solar heat radiation in certain regions of our country. In the inner Mongolia area, the annual solar radiation amount is 1625-1855 kW, the annual sunshine number is 3000-3200 h, and the annual average sunshine time under standard illumination is 4.45-5.08 h. Assuming that heat obtained by a solar heat collector is used to heat water to change the water into steam, and the steam is reused to supply heat to a reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system, there is a heat loss of 15%, and since the radiation amount is small in winter and the heat collection efficiency is low, steam is required to be supplemented, and thus, the estimation is performed in autumn, for example.

Taking the sunshine duration of 5h as an example, the annual heat requirement of the reboiler is 10.261 multiplied by 10⁶GJ, the heat demand of a reboiler in the annual sunshine time is as follows:

the solar collector area is estimated as:

wherein eta is₁The thermal efficiency of the heat transfer process is 0.85 eta₂For the efficiency of the solar collector, I is the average solar thermal radiation, and the final total area available is:

in addition, the investment and maintenance costs of the solar collector are shown in table 3 below.

TABLE 3

Index (I)	Numerical value
		Investment of solar heat collector/rah.m-2	1900
Maintenance cost/rahmof solar heat collector-2	38

Note: the operation and maintenance cost is about 2% of the investment cost.

The cost of the solar collector in sunshine hours is (x is the number of years of operation):

P₂＝878601×1900+878601×1900×2％·x (10)；

conversion to ten thousand yuan:

P₂＝166934.19+3338.68x (11)；

in addition, solar energy collection systems require about 878601 square meters of floor space, which corresponds to about 1317.9 acres of land. The total land price required by the solar heat collection system is estimated to be 8000 yuan/mu per 20 years as follows:

P₃8000 × 1317.9 ═ 1054.32 ten thousand members (12);

in sunshine hours, the total cost required by replacing steam heating with the solar heat collecting system is (x is the number of operating years):

P₄1054.32+1982.91x ten thousand yuan (13)；

And the cost required by adopting pure steam for heat supply:

P₅＝P₁x＝83545.2x (14)；

let P₅-P₄When x is 0, x is solved to almost 0.

Thus illustrating that: the solar heat collecting system is adopted to replace steam for heat supply, the investment recovery period is estimated to be less than one year, and the equipment generally has the operation age of more than 20 years, so the economic benefit is good. Given that the plant can operate for 20 years, only maintenance costs need to be paid and the amount of steam or coal in those years can be completely saved. In summary, by comparing the determined coal consumption and the derived carbon emission with the data related to the solar heat supply scheme, it can be found that the solar energy is clean low-carbon energy and the generated carbon emission is extremely low, so that the solar heat collection system is adopted to supply heat to the reboiler in the MEA carbon capture system, and an obvious energy-saving and emission-reduction effect is achieved.

Furthermore, other heat energy sources need to be provided for the reboiler in the non-sunshine time, and the CO in the coal-fired power plant is captured by utilizing solar heat collection and wind and light abandoning electric energy₂The system of (1) the wind power plant and the light (photovoltaic) power plant generate more surplus electric energy, so that the stored electric energy is considered to be converted into heat energy for the reboiler. The efficiency of converting electrical energy into thermal energy is calculated in percent.

Wherein, in the non-sunshine time, the heat energy required by the reboiler is as follows:

the required electric energy of the reboiler is 8120000GJ, namely 2.256 multiplied by 10, in the non-sunshine time⁶kW·h。

3) Lithium battery energy storage cost accounting

At present, the market for recycling waste batteries is not completely developed, and the prices of the waste batteries greatly fluctuate. According to data of mainstream manufacturers, the average shipment price of domestic power lithium batteries is about 1.0 yuan/watt hour in the first half year of 2019. The lithium ion battery energy storage is a chemical energy storage technology with the characteristics of high energy conversion efficiency, high operation economic benefit and the like. The method for determining the maximum capacity of the lithium ion battery comprises the following steps: the electric quantity required to be stored by the lithium ion battery is reversely deduced according to the electric energy required by the MEA carbon capture system (comprising the compressor) in the non-sunshine time, the cost of the lithium battery is calculated by taking the electric quantity stored for five days as a standard, the energy consumption of the MEA carbon capture system per hour is 1894.4kW, and the electric quantity required to be stored by the lithium battery in the five days is as follows:

W＝1894.4KW×5×24＝227328KW·h (16)；

the maximum capacity of a lithium battery is determined to be 230000 kw-hr, taking into account the usage of the amount of electricity that the lithium battery needs to store and the cost calculation. The price of the lithium ion battery for storing energy once power is about 0.3 yuan, while the manufacturing cost of the chemical energy storage power station can be controlled to 1000 yuan RMB/kilowatt hour at present, and considering that the waste lithium battery is used in the embodiment 1 of the application, the price of the waste lithium battery is set to be about five folds of the original price, namely 500 yuan RMB/kilowatt hour.

The construction cost is then:

P₁500 × 230000 equals 11500 ten thousand yuan (17).

4) Method for capturing CO in coal-fired power plant by using solar heat collection and abandoned wind and abandoned light electric energy₂System carbon emission reduction analysis and calculation

For the coal-fired unit of the coal-fired power plant in example 1 of the present invention, in the estimated total life cycle of 20 years, assuming that the conventional method, i.e., the power supply and heat supply to the MEA carbon capture system are performed by the coal-fired of the thermal power plant, the carbon emission is calculated as follows:

4.1 CO production from Power supply₂The total displacement is about:

4.2 CO produced by Heat supply₂The total displacement is about:

M₂＝279633×20＝5.6×10⁶t (19)；

therefore CO₂The total displacement is about:

M₃＝M₁+M₂＝3.26×10⁷+5.6×10⁶＝3.82×10⁷t (20)。

by combining the above experimental results, it can be analyzed that compared with the peak shaving of the common coal-fired power plant, the system provided by the embodiment 1 of the present invention mainly has the following advantages in the economic aspect: the solar heat collection system is adopted to supply heat for the reboiler, so that the steam cost or coal burning cost required by the heat supply mode of the existing reboiler is saved, the wind power plant and the light power plant are used for providing electric energy for power consumption equipment in the carbon capture system, and the electricity cost required by the operation of the MEA carbon capture system is saved; advantages in terms of emission reduction: in the embodiment of the invention, the carbon capture system is powered by solar heat collection and wind and photoelectric energy abandoning, some wind and photoelectric energy which should be abandoned originally can be efficiently used for powering the carbon capture system, and CO in a coal-fired power plant is reduced₂The carbon emission and the trapping cost in the trapping process realize green carbon trapping and economic carbon trapping. As can be seen from the results obtained by calculation, the system provided in example 1 of the present invention can save about 34194.21 ten thousand yuan for the coal-fired power plant in 20 years, and can reduce the carbon emission by about 3.82X 10 in comparison with the secondary carbon emission generated by carbon capture in the conventional coal-fired power plant⁷t。

The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical inventions of the present invention, the technical features and the technical inventions, and the technical inventions can be freely combined and used.