阅读说明：本技术 一种铁道车辆车轴楔横轧成形轧机组及成形方法 (Railway vehicle axle wedge cross rolling forming rolling mill set and forming method ) 是由 胡正寰 王宝雨 李树林 徐俊生 楚志兵 刘晋平 杨翠苹 郑振华 于 2021-07-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种铁道车辆车轴楔横轧成形轧机组及成形方法,属于金属塑性成形技术领域。该方法包括：加热到轧制温度的轧件送入第一楔横轧机的进料侧；轧机停在进料位置,将轧件送入第一楔横轧机上轧辊的接料口；变频电机驱动第一楔横轧机进行第一次轧制,完成轧件的中间部分轧制成形,轧制完成后,轧件滚落到第二楔横轧机的进料侧；第二楔横轧机重复上述步骤进行第二次轧制,将轧件的两侧部分轧制成形,由此完成整个铁道车辆车轴的轧制成形过程,轧件滚落到第二楔横轧机的出料侧。该方法适用于实现楔横轧铁道车辆车轴的成形问题。(The invention provides a rolling mill set and a forming method for cross wedge rolling of a railway vehicle axle, and belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming. The method comprises the following steps: the rolled piece heated to the rolling temperature is sent to the feeding side of the first cross wedge rolling mill; the rolling mill stops at a feeding position, and a rolled piece is conveyed into a receiving opening of an upper roller of the first cross wedge rolling mill; the variable frequency motor drives the first cross wedge rolling mill to perform first rolling, the rolling forming of the middle part of a rolled piece is completed, and the rolled piece falls onto the feeding side of the second cross wedge rolling mill after the rolling is completed; and the second cross wedge rolling mill repeats the steps for second rolling, and rolls and shapes the two side parts of the rolled piece, thereby completing the rolling and shaping process of the whole railway vehicle axle, and the rolled piece falls to the discharging side of the second cross wedge rolling mill. The method is suitable for realizing the forming problem of the cross wedge rolling railway vehicle axle.)

1. The rolling mill set for the cross wedge rolling and forming of the axle of the railway vehicle is characterized by comprising a first cross wedge rolling mill and a second cross wedge rolling mill which are arranged in parallel, wherein the rolling mill set for the cross wedge rolling and forming of the axle of the railway vehicle is driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor to finish the technological processes of feeding, rolling and discharging of the first cross wedge rolling mill in sequence, and the axle of the railway vehicle is rolled and formed, so that the feeding and discharging of a rolled piece in a short process and the transmission among the rolling mills are realized.

2. The rolling train axle cross wedge roll forming train of claim 1, wherein the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor through a speed reducer and a gear seat.

3. The rolling mill train according to claim 1, wherein the upper roll dies of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are provided with a receiving opening, a stop block and a blanking opening, the receiving opening is a storage position of rolled pieces on the upper roll dies during feeding, and the rolled pieces are dropped on the stop block; the blanking port is the position where the rolled piece falls after rolling is finished.

4. The rolling mill train according to claim 1, wherein the lower roll dies of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are provided with a receiving section at a front end of the die wedge section for holding a rolled piece falling from the upper roll receiving opening before rolling starts, the receiving section has a diameter equal to a die base circle, the rear end of the die is provided with a discharging opening, and the rolled piece falls into the discharging opening after being rolled.

5. The rolling mill train according to claim 1, wherein the upper roll receiving openings of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill correspond to the lower roll receiving section, and the circumferential angles are equal and are θ₁The corresponding arc length L1 is 1.2-1.5 d, d is the rolling diameter, theta₁360L1/(π D), D is the roll mold inner diameter.

6. The rolling train axle wedge cross-rolling forming mill train of claim 1, wherein the pair of upper roll drop openings of the first and second wedge cross-rolling millsThe discharge ports of the lower rolls are arranged at equal circumferential angles theta₂The corresponding arc length L2 is 1.5-1.8 d, theta₂360L2/(π D), D is the roll mold inner diameter.

7. A forming method for controlling the feeding and discharging of a rolling train axle wedge cross rolling forming mill train, characterized in that the forming method is operated with a rolling train axle wedge cross rolling forming mill train according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:

s1, delivering the rolled piece heated to the rolling temperature to the feed side of the first cross wedge rolling mill;

s2, stopping the first cross wedge rolling mill at a feeding position, and feeding the rolled piece into a receiving opening of an upper roller of the first cross wedge rolling mill;

s3, driving a first cross wedge rolling mill to perform first rolling by a variable frequency motor, finishing the rolling and forming of the middle part of a rolled piece, and rolling the rolled piece to fall on the feeding side of a second cross wedge rolling mill after the rolling is finished;

and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 by the second cross wedge rolling mill to perform the second rolling, and rolling and forming the two side parts of the rolled piece, thereby completing the rolling and forming process of the axle of the railway vehicle, and rolling the rolled piece to the discharging side of the second cross wedge rolling mill.

8. The forming method according to claim 7, wherein the S3 specifically includes:

s31, driving an upper roller and a lower roller of the first cross wedge rolling mill to rotate in the forward direction by a variable frequency motor, rotating a rolled piece in a receiving opening to an initial rolling position along with the upper roller, and enabling the rolled piece to fall between an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate of a receiving section of the lower roller;

s32, the rollers continue to rotate in the forward direction, and rolled pieces fall into a discharge hole of the lower roller after being rolled and formed by the dies on the upper and lower rollers;

and S33, driving the upper and lower rollers of the first cross wedge rolling mill to rotate reversely by the variable frequency motor, returning to the material receiving position of the upper roller, and rolling the rolled piece from the discharge hole of the lower roller at the discharge position of the lower roller, thereby completing the rolling and forming of the middle part of the rolled piece, and after the rolling is completed, rolling the rolled piece to the feed side of the second cross wedge rolling mill.

9. The method of forming of claim 7 wherein the rolling of the rolling stock by the railway vehicle axle cross wedge roll forming mill train is completed while the rolling stock is transferred from the infeed side of the first/second cross wedge mill to the outfeed side.

10. A method of forming as set forth in claim 7 wherein the second cross wedge rolling mill performs the second rolling while the next product is first rolled in the first cross wedge rolling mill, the two cross wedge rolling mills being capable of simultaneous parallel operation.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a rolling mill set and a forming method for forming a railway vehicle axle wedge by cross rolling.

Background

The rail transit is developed rapidly as a public transport and a bulk transport carrier, and the axle is a key part of a railway vehicle, so that the market demand is large. The advanced and efficient cross wedge rolling near-net forming technology is adopted to produce the railway vehicle axle, and compared with the original forging technology, the method has the advantages of high efficiency, material saving, environmental friendliness and the like. However, the axle of the railway vehicle is an ultra-large shaft part, not only has large diameter, but also has long axial size, and is formed by adopting a cross wedge rolling mill, so that the equipment is huge, and the difficulty in manufacturing and debugging the mould is high. The method is a solving way to realize the forming of the axle of the railway vehicle by rolling twice by adopting a cross wedge rolling mill group with two rolling mills arranged in parallel. However, the wedge cross rolling mill group relates to multiple links of twice rolling, repeated feeding and discharging of rolled pieces, transmission of the rolled pieces between units and the like, particularly the feeding, discharging and transmission processes of the rolled pieces can obviously influence the working efficiency of the units, and the temperature drop during the second rolling is increased, so that the equipment load of the second rolling mill is increased. In view of the above problems, there is a need to provide a solution to overcome or at least alleviate at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a wedge cross rolling forming rolling mill set and a forming method for a railway vehicle axle. The method solves the problem of controlling the feeding and discharging of the parallel unit of the cross wedge rolling mill by the design of the variable frequency motor and the feeding and discharging of the roller, can obviously shorten the process flow and improve the working efficiency of the parallel unit of the cross wedge rolling mill. The method is suitable for realizing the forming problem of the wedge cross rolling railway vehicle axle.

According to the first aspect of the technical scheme, the rolling unit for forming the cross wedge rolling of the axle of the railway vehicle comprises a first cross wedge rolling mill and a second cross wedge rolling mill which are arranged in parallel, the rolling unit for forming the cross wedge rolling of the axle of the railway vehicle is driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor to finish the technological processes of feeding, rolling and discharging of the first cross wedge rolling mill in sequence, and the axle of the railway vehicle is rolled and formed without repeatedly feeding and discharging rolled pieces and transferring between units.

Furthermore, the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor through a speed reducer and a gear seat.

Furthermore, the upper roll dies of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are provided with a receiving port, a stop block and a blanking port, the receiving port is a storage position of a rolled piece on the dies during feeding, and the rolled piece falls on the stop block; the blanking port is the position where the rolled piece falls after rolling is finished.

Furthermore, in order to keep the rolled piece stable in placement, the included angle theta between the stop block and the horizontal line is more than or equal to 15 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees.

Furthermore, the lower roller dies of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill are provided with a receiving section at the front end of the die wedging section, the receiving section is used for supporting a rolled piece falling from the upper roller receiving opening before rolling, the diameter of the receiving section is equal to the die base circle, the rear end of the die is provided with a discharging opening, and the rolled piece falls into the discharging opening after being rolled and formed.

Furthermore, the upper roller receiving openings of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill correspond to the lower roller receiving section, the circumferential angles are equal, and the circumferential angles are theta₁The corresponding arc length L1 is 1.2-1.5 d, d is the rolling diameter, theta₁360L1/(π D), D is the roll mold inner diameter.

Furthermore, the upper roller blanking ports of the first cross wedge rolling mill and the second cross wedge rolling mill correspond to the lower roller discharge ports, the circumferential angles are equal and are theta₂Is θ₂The corresponding arc length L2 is 1.5-1.8 d, theta₂＝360L2/(πD)。

According to a second aspect of the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a forming method for controlling feeding and discharging of a rolling mill train for cross wedge rolling of railway vehicle axles, the forming method being operated by using the rolling mill train for cross wedge rolling of railway vehicle axles according to any one of the above aspects, comprising the steps of:

s1, delivering the rolled piece heated to the rolling temperature to the feed side of the first cross wedge rolling mill;

s2, stopping the rolling mill at a feeding position, and feeding the rolled piece into a receiving opening of an upper roller of the first cross wedge rolling mill;

s3, driving a first cross wedge rolling mill to perform first rolling by a variable frequency motor, finishing the rolling and forming of the middle part of a rolled piece, and rolling the rolled piece to fall on the feeding side of a second cross wedge rolling mill after the rolling is finished;

and S4, repeating the steps S2-S3 by the second cross wedge rolling mill to perform the second rolling, and rolling and forming the two side parts of the rolled piece, thereby completing the rolling and forming process of the axle of the railway vehicle, and rolling the rolled piece to the discharging side of the second cross wedge rolling mill.

Further, the S3 specifically includes:

s31, driving an upper roller and a lower roller of the first cross wedge rolling mill to rotate in the forward direction by a variable frequency motor, rotating a rolled piece in a receiving opening to an initial rolling position along with the upper roller, and enabling the rolled piece to fall between an upper guide plate and a lower guide plate of a receiving section of the lower roller;

s32, the rollers continue to rotate in the forward direction, and rolled pieces fall into a discharge hole of the lower roller after being rolled and formed by the dies on the upper and lower rollers;

and S33, driving the upper and lower rollers of the first cross wedge rolling mill to rotate reversely by the variable frequency motor, returning to the material receiving position of the upper roller and the material discharging position of the rolled piece at the lower roller, rolling the rolled piece from the material discharging port of the lower roller, thereby completing the rolling and forming of the middle part of the rolled piece, and after the rolling is completed, rolling the rolled piece to the material feeding side of the second cross wedge rolling mill.

Further, in the forming method, rolling of the railway vehicle axle wedge cross rolling forming mill train is completed while the rolled piece is transferred from the feed side to the discharge side of the first/second wedge cross rolling mill.

Further, in the forming method, the second wedge cross rolling mill rolls for the second time, the next rolled piece rolls for the first time in the first wedge cross rolling mill, and the two wedge cross rolling mills can work in parallel at the same time.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the technical scheme of the invention is suitable for controlling the feeding and discharging of the cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill set of the railway vehicle axle, and the feeding and discharging control method based on the variable frequency motor enables the cross wedge rolling mill set to have the functions of finishing rolling and transmitting rolled pieces at the same time, can obviously shorten the process flow, improve the working efficiency of the cross wedge rolling parallel unit, and better exert the advantages of the cross wedge rolling process in the forming of shaft parts.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a layout diagram of a cross wedge rolling parallel unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a forming method according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a feeding and discharging process of the a-direction cross wedge roller in fig. 1, wherein (a) is a material receiving position, (b) is an initial rolling position, (c) is a blanking position after rolling, and (d) is a material returning position, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.

It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The invention relates to a cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill unit for a railway vehicle axle and a forming method, which solve the problem of feeding and discharging control of the cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill unit for the railway vehicle axle, improve the working efficiency of a cross wedge rolling parallel unit and realize short-flow high-efficiency operation of the cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill unit for the railway vehicle axle.

Example 1

According to the train axle forming rolling unit with two cross wedge rolling mills arranged in parallel, the train axle cross wedge rolling forming rolling unit is driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor to finish the technological processes of feeding, rolling and discharging of the two cross wedge rolling mills in sequence, and the train axle is rolled and formed.

The rolling mill set for forming the axle wedge cross rolling of the railway vehicle comprises two cross wedge rolling mills which are arranged in parallel, wherein the rolling mills are driven and controlled by a variable frequency motor through a speed reducer and a gear seat; the upper roller die of the rolling mill for forming the axle wedge of the railway vehicle is provided with a receiving port, a stop block and a blanking port, wherein the receiving port is a storage position of a rolled piece on the die during feeding, and the rolled piece falls on the stop block. In order to keep the rolled piece stable in placement, the included angle theta between the stop block and the horizontal line is not less than 15 degrees and not more than 30 degrees. The blanking port is the position where the rolled piece falls after rolling is finished.

The rolling mill lower roll die for the cross wedge rolling forming of the axle of the railway vehicle is provided with a receiving section at the front end of a die wedging section and used for supporting a rolled piece falling from an upper roll receiving port before rolling, the diameter of the receiving section is equal to the base circle of the die, a discharging port is arranged at the rear end of the die, and the rolled piece falls into the discharging port after being rolled and formed.

Preferably, the upper roller material receiving openingCorresponding to the receiving section of the lower roll, the circumferential angles are equal and are theta₁The corresponding arc length L1 is 1.2-1.5 d, d is the rolling diameter, theta₁360L1/(π D), D is the roll mold inner diameter; further preferably, the upper roll blanking port corresponds to the lower roll discharging port, and the circumferential angles are equal and are theta₂Is θ₂The corresponding arc length L2 is 1.5-1.8 d, theta₂＝360L2/(πD)。

As shown in fig. 2, the method for controlling the feeding and discharging of the cross wedge rolling forming mill train of the railway vehicle axle provided by the invention comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying the rolled piece heated to the rolling temperature to the feeding side of the first cross wedge rolling mill;

s2, stopping the rolling mill at a feeding position (shown as (a) in FIG. 3), and feeding the rolled piece into a receiving opening of an upper roller of the cross wedge rolling mill;

s3, driving an upper roller and a lower roller of the cross wedge rolling mill to rotate in the forward direction by a variable frequency motor, rotating a rolled piece in a receiving port to an initial rolling position along with the upper roller, and enabling the rolled piece to fall between a receiving section of the lower roller and two guide plates (as shown in (b) in figure 3); the rollers continue to rotate forwards, and rolled pieces fall into a discharge hole of the lower roller (as shown in (c) in fig. 3) after being rolled and formed by the dies on the upper and lower rollers; the upper roller and the lower roller of the cross wedge rolling mill are driven by the variable frequency motor to rotate reversely, the upper roller and the lower roller return to the material receiving position of the upper roller, and meanwhile, the rolled piece is also at the material discharging position of the lower roller, and the rolled piece rolls down from the material discharging opening of the lower roller (as shown in (d) in fig. 3); the first frame cross wedge rolling mill rolls and shapes the middle part of the rolled piece, and after rolling is finished, the rolled piece falls to the feeding side of the second frame cross wedge rolling mill;

and S4, repeating the steps S1-S3 by the second rolling mill, and rolling and forming the two side parts of the rolled piece so as to finish the rolling and forming process of the whole railway vehicle axle, wherein the rolled piece falls to the discharging side of the second wedge cross rolling mill.

In the method, the cross wedge rolling mill set is rolled while the rolled piece is transferred from the feed side to the discharge side of the cross wedge rolling mill. And when the second rolling mill of the wedge transverse rolling mill set rolls for the second time, the next rolled piece rolls for the first time on the first rolling mill of the wedge transverse rolling mill set, and the two wedge transverse rolling mills can work in parallel at the same time.

The rolling mill group and the forming method for the cross wedge rolling of the axle of the railway vehicle have the following realization principles:

the method adopts a cross wedge rolling parallel unit to form the axle of the railway vehicle, relates to multiple links of twice rolling, repeated feeding and discharging of rolled pieces, transmission of the rolled pieces between units and the like, and efficient connection among the links is a necessary condition for ensuring the working efficiency of the unit and controlling the temperature drop in the forming process of the rolled pieces. In the parallel unit of the invention, the feeding, discharging and rolling processes of rolled pieces are realized according to the position and the sequence of figure 1. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the long axle of the railway vehicle is considered, the conventional axial feeding can occupy a large space on the left side of a rolling mill to place a feeding device, so that the feeding side of a rolled piece is arranged at a position where a unit is parallel to the rolling mill, a receiving port, a stop block and a blanking port are arranged on an upper roller, a receiving section and a discharging port are arranged on a lower roller, and the receiving section and the discharging port are matched with the driving control of a variable frequency motor, so that the first/second cross wedge rolling mill finishes the rolling of the axle and realizes the feeding and discharging of different sides, and the rolled piece is directly transmitted to the second rolling mill while the rolling of the first rolling mill is finished. In the traditional cross wedge rolling production, a cross wedge rolling mill always rotates forwards in the working process, if the scheme is used in a parallel unit, after a rolled piece is rolled by a first rolling mill, a discharge port of a lower roll can rotate to the feeding side of the rolled piece, and the rolled piece falls from the feeding side, so that a special conveying device is required to be configured to convey the rolled piece to the feeding side of a second rolling mill, the conveying path is long, and the device is complex and low in efficiency. The invention adopts the variable frequency motor to reversely rotate the roller after the rolled piece is rolled and formed, on one hand, the receiving port of the upper roller returns to the receiving position, and on the other hand, the blanking port of the lower roller rotates to the discharging side. And when the rolled piece is rolled for the second time by the second rolling mill of the wedge transverse rolling mill group, the next rolled piece is rolled for the first time by the first rolling mill of the wedge transverse rolling mill group, and the two wedge transverse rolling mills can work in parallel at the same time.

In the present embodiment, the control railroad is based on the aboveA method for feeding and discharging materials of a wedge cross rolling forming mill set for vehicle axles comprises the steps of selecting rolled piece with the diameter D of phi 198mm, selecting a roller die with the inner diameter D of 1450mm, enabling a stop block to form an included angle theta with the horizontal plane to be 30 degrees, enabling an arc length L1 corresponding to a material receiving port of an upper roller and a material receiving section of a lower roller to be 297mm, and enabling theta to be equal to theta₁23.47. The arc length L2 corresponding to the upper roller discharge opening and the lower roller discharge opening is 356mm, theta₂＝28.13°。

Example 2

The method for controlling the feeding and discharging of the cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill set for the axle of the railway vehicle is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that:

select rolled piece diameter D to be phi 234mm, roll die internal diameter D is 1550mm, dog and horizontal contained angle theta are 15, and the arc length L1 that upper roll connects the material mouth and the lower roll connects the material section to correspond is 281mm, theta₁20.77. The arc length L2 corresponding to the upper roller discharge opening and the lower roller discharge opening is 351mm, theta₂＝25.95°。

Example 3

The method for controlling the feeding and discharging of the cross wedge rolling forming rolling mill set for the axle of the railway vehicle is basically the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that:

selecting a rolled piece with the diameter D of phi 214mm, the inner diameter D of a roller die of 1500mm, enabling a stop block to form a horizontal included angle theta of 25 degrees, enabling the arc length L1 corresponding to the material receiving opening of the upper roller and the material receiving section of the lower roller to be 289mm, and enabling theta to form a material receiving section of the upper roller and a material receiving section of the lower roller₁22.08. The arc length L2 corresponding to the upper roller discharge opening and the lower roller discharge opening is 375mm, theta₂＝28.65°。

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.