阅读说明：本技术 一种敞开式tbm清渣方法及系统 (Open type TBM slag removal method and system ) 是由 程永亮 彭正阳 龙斌 刘志华 李深远 李祖兴 蔡光辉 于 2021-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种敞开式TBM清渣方法,步骤包括：隧道底部的挖掘设备将挖掘的石渣运送至翻渣设备；翻渣设备自下而上将石渣提升至指定高度,并在指定高度处翻转将石渣卸入落料设备；落料设备内的石渣依靠重力滑落至输送设备；输送设备将石渣输送至洞外。本发明利用挖掘设备清理隧道底部的石渣,取代现有的手动铲渣或智能机械爪清渣,既能降低劳动强度,施工效率较高,又能避免频繁故障,便于长时间持续施工,施工成本较低。因此,本发明所提供的敞开式TBM清渣方法能够高效且低成本的清渣。本发明还公开一种敞开式TBM清渣系统。(The invention discloses an open TBM slag removal method, which comprises the following steps: the excavating equipment at the bottom of the tunnel conveys the excavated stone slag to slag turning equipment; the stone slag turning equipment lifts the stone slag to a specified height from bottom to top, and turns over at the specified height to discharge the stone slag into the blanking equipment; the stone slag in the blanking equipment slides to the conveying equipment by means of gravity; the conveying equipment conveys the stone ballast out of the hole. The invention utilizes the excavating equipment to clean the stone slag at the bottom of the tunnel, replaces the prior manual slag shoveling or intelligent mechanical claw slag cleaning, can reduce the labor intensity, has higher construction efficiency, can avoid frequent faults, is convenient for long-time continuous construction, and has lower construction cost. Therefore, the open type TBM slag removal method provided by the invention can efficiently remove the slag at low cost. The invention also discloses an open type TBM slag removal system.)

1. An open TBM slag removal method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, conveying the excavated ballast to slag overturning equipment by using excavating equipment at the bottom of the tunnel;

s2, lifting the stone ballast to a specified height from bottom to top by the ballast overturning device, and unloading the stone ballast into the blanking device by overturning at the specified height;

s3, the stone slag in the blanking equipment slides to conveying equipment by means of gravity;

and S4, conveying the ballast to the outside of the hole by the conveying equipment.

2. The open TBM scarfing method of claim 1, wherein after the excavation equipment at the bottom of the tunnel transports the excavated ballast to the ballast scarfing equipment, the steps further comprise:

s11, judging whether the stone slag in the tunnel is completely cleaned or not, and if so, driving the excavating equipment out of the tunnel; and if not, the excavating equipment continues to excavate the stone slag.

3. The open TBM scarfing cinder method of claim 1, wherein before the ballast scarfing equipment lifts ballast from bottom to top to a specified height, the steps further comprise:

s20, judging whether the slag turning equipment is full of the stone slag, if so, lifting the stone slag to a specified height from bottom to top by the slag turning equipment; if not, the slag turning equipment does not act.

4. The open TBM scarfing method of claim 1, wherein after the ballast overturning device lifts ballast from bottom to top to a specified height, the steps further comprise:

s21, judging whether the slag turning equipment reaches the designated height, if so, turning over the slag turning equipment to discharge stone slag into the blanking equipment; if not, the slag turning equipment continues to lift the stone slag.

5. The open TBM scarfing method of claim 1, wherein said turning at said specified height discharges ballast into a blanking apparatus, further comprises:

s30, judging whether the slag turning equipment is in butt joint with the blanking equipment or not, if so, turning and discharging the stone slag into the blanking equipment; if not, adjusting the relative positions of the slag turning equipment and the blanking equipment.

6. The open TBM scarfing method of claim 1, wherein the step of gravity sliding the ballast in the blanking device to the conveying device comprises:

s31, judging whether the material channel of the blanking equipment is blocked or not, and if so, sending an alarm prompt.

7. An open TBM slag removal system, which is applied to the open TBM slag removal method of any one of the above items 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:

the excavating equipment (1) is used for excavating stone slag at the bottom of the tunnel;

the slag turning equipment (2) is used for lifting the stone slag conveyed by the excavating equipment (1) to a specified height from bottom to top;

the blanking device (3) is used for guiding the slag turning device (2) to turn over and discharge the discharged stone slag at the specified height to slide down;

and the conveying equipment (4) is used for conveying the stone slag transported by the blanking equipment (3) to the outside of the hole.

8. The open TBM scarfing system of claim 7, further comprising:

the patrol detection device is used for patrolling and positioning each ballast accumulation point along the tunnel;

the control equipment is used for judging whether the stone slag accumulation point is larger than zero, and if yes, the excavating equipment (1) controls the excavating equipment (1) to excavate the stone slag accumulation one by one along a preset track; and if not, the excavating equipment (1) controls the excavating equipment (1) to open out of the tunnel.

9. The open TBM scarfing system of claim 8, further comprising:

the height detection device is used for judging whether the slag turning device (2) reaches the specified height, and if yes, the control device controls the slag turning device (2) to turn over to discharge the stone slag into the blanking device (3); if not, the control equipment controls the slag turning equipment (2) to continuously lift the stone slag.

10. The open TBM scarfing system of claim 8, further comprising:

the butt joint detection device is used for judging whether the slag turning device (2) is in butt joint with the blanking device (3), if so, the control device controls the slag turning device (2) to turn over to discharge the stone slag into the blanking device (3); if not, the control equipment adjusts the relative positions of the slag turning equipment (2) and the blanking equipment (3).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to an open type TBM slag removal method and system.

Background

An open-type TBM (tunnel boring machine) is mainly suitable for hard rock, integrates tunneling, slag discharging, guiding and supporting, can tightly support a tunnel wall by utilizing a self-supporting mechanism to bear the reaction force and the reaction torque which are propelled forwards, has the advantages of safety, rapidness and the like, and is widely applied to the construction of projects such as water conservancy and hydropower, mining, traffic, municipal administration, national defense and the like.

Due to the fact that rock mass behind the shield of the open type TBM is exposed, when the rock mass is broken or weak surrounding rock is met, rock ballast is prone to falling, and the vast majority of falling rock ballast can directly reach the bottom of a tunnel. Due to the limitation of space and equipment structure, the stone slag falling to the bottom of the tunnel is difficult to clean and low in efficiency, and the problem puzzles the construction of the open type TBM. The most widely applied method at present is manual slag shoveling, and the slag bucket or the chemical fiber bag is used for transporting the slag soil out of the hole, so that the labor intensity is high, and the construction efficiency is low. A small amount of open TBMs automatically clean the muck by adopting a lifting bucket and an intelligent mechanical claw, and have the advantages of high manufacturing cost, poor engineering adaptability, higher failure rate and low efficiency.

Therefore, how to efficiently and cost-effectively remove slag in the construction of the open type TBM is a technical problem to be solved by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention aims to provide an open type TBM slag removal method, which can be used for removing stone slag at the bottom of a tunnel by using excavating equipment, and can reduce labor intensity and avoid frequent faults, so that the slag can be removed efficiently at low cost. Another object of the invention is to provide an open TBM slag removal system.

The invention provides an open TBM slag removal method, which comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying the excavated ballast to slag overturning equipment by using excavating equipment at the bottom of the tunnel;

s2, lifting the stone ballast to a specified height from bottom to top by the ballast overturning device, and unloading the stone ballast into the blanking device by overturning at the specified height;

s3, the stone slag in the blanking equipment slides to the conveying equipment by means of gravity;

and S4, conveying the ballast to the outside of the hole by the conveying equipment.

Preferably, after the excavation device at the bottom of the tunnel conveys the excavated ballast to the ballast overturning device, the steps further include:

s11, judging whether the stone slag in the tunnel is completely cleaned or not, and if so, driving the excavating equipment out of the tunnel; if not, the excavating equipment continues to excavate the stone slag.

Preferably, before the ballast overturning device lifts the ballast to the specified height from bottom to top, the method further comprises the following steps:

s20, judging whether the slag turning equipment is full of the stone slag, if so, lifting the stone slag to a specified height from bottom to top by the slag turning equipment; if not, the slag turning equipment does not act.

Preferably, after the ballast overturning device lifts the ballast to a specified height from bottom to top, the method further comprises the following steps:

s21, judging whether the slag turning equipment reaches the designated height, if so, turning the slag turning equipment to discharge the stone slag into the blanking equipment; if not, the slag turning equipment continues to lift the stone slag.

Preferably, before turning over the stone ballast at the designated height to discharge the stone ballast into the blanking equipment, the method further comprises the following steps:

s30, judging whether the slag turning equipment is in butt joint with the blanking equipment, if so, turning and discharging the stone slag into the blanking equipment; if not, adjusting the relative positions of the slag turning equipment and the blanking equipment.

Preferably, the step of making the stone slag in the blanking device slide to the conveying device by gravity comprises:

s31, judging whether the material channel of the blanking equipment is blocked, and if so, sending an alarm prompt.

The open type TBM slag removal system provided by the invention is applied to the open type TBM slag removal method of any one of 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:

the excavating equipment is used for excavating the stone slag at the bottom of the tunnel;

the slag turning equipment is used for lifting the stone slag conveyed by the excavating equipment to a specified height from bottom to top;

the blanking device is used for guiding the ballast overturning device to overturn and unload the ballast at the specified height to slide down;

and the conveying equipment is used for conveying the stone slag transported by the blanking equipment to the outside of the hole.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the patrol detection device is used for patrolling and positioning each ballast accumulation point along the tunnel;

the control equipment is used for judging whether the stone slag accumulation points are larger than zero, and if yes, the excavating equipment controls the excavating equipment to excavate the stone slag accumulation one by one along a preset track; and if not, the excavating equipment controls the excavating equipment to open out of the tunnel.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the height detection device is used for judging whether the slag turning device reaches a specified height, and if so, the control device controls the slag turning device to turn over to discharge the stone slag into the blanking device; if not, the control equipment controls the slag turning equipment to continuously lift the stone slag.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:

the butt joint detection device is used for judging whether the slag turning device is in butt joint with the blanking device, and if so, the control device controls the slag turning device to turn over to discharge the stone slag into the blanking device; if not, the control equipment adjusts the relative positions of the slag turning equipment and the blanking equipment.

Compared with the background art, the open type TBM slag removing method provided by the invention has the advantages that the excavating equipment is used for cleaning the stone slag at the bottom of the tunnel, and the slag is transferred to the outside of the tunnel by virtue of the slag turning equipment, the blanking equipment and the conveying equipment in sequence. Therefore, the open type TBM slag removal method provided by the invention can efficiently remove the slag at low cost.

The technical scheme of the open type TBM slag removal system provided by the invention is the same as that of the open type TBM slag removal method provided by the invention, and the open type TBM slag removal system has the same beneficial effects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an open TBM slag removal method according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of an open TBM slag removal system according to one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.

The reference numbers are as follows:

the device comprises an excavating device 1, a slag turning device 2, a blanking device 3 and a conveying device 4.

The arrow in fig. 1 indicates the lifting direction of the slag turning device.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an open TBM slag removal method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an open type TBM slag removal method, which has the key improvement point that the bottom of a tunnel is cleaned by adopting excavating equipment, so that the slag removal cost is lower and the efficiency is higher.

The invention provides an open TBM slag removal method, which comprises the following steps:

and S1, conveying the excavated stone slag to slag overturning equipment by the excavating equipment at the bottom of the tunnel. The excavating equipment can be a small excavator and can freely reciprocate along the tunnel. The mini excavator can be manually operated or unmanned. The small excavator is not influenced by the tunneling and shutdown of the open TBM, and does not need to move forward to remove the slag along with the tunneling of the open TBM, so that the slag removing range is wide, and the slag removing process is flexible and efficient.

And S2, lifting the stone ballast to a specified height from bottom to top by the ballast overturning device, and unloading the stone ballast into the blanking device by overturning at the specified height. The slag turning equipment comprises a slag turning bucket, a lifting device and a turnover device, wherein the slag turning bucket is used for containing the stone slag, the volume of the slag turning bucket is larger than that of a bucket of the excavating equipment, a large amount of stone slag can be transferred at one time, and the efficient transfer of the stone slag is facilitated. The lifting device can be a chain structure provided with a servo motor and a transmission chain, and can also be a hydraulic cylinder, or other similar structures. The slag turning hopper is fixedly arranged on the lifting device, and the lifting device drives the slag turning hopper to move from top to bottom. The turnover device is fixedly arranged on the lifting device and comprises a turnover main shaft hinged with the slag turnover bucket and a turnover motor fixedly connected with the turnover main shaft, when the lifting device lifts the slag turnover bucket to a specified height, the turnover motor is started, the turnover motor drives the slag turnover bucket to turn over for 180 degrees through the turnover main shaft, and the slag turnover bucket completely pours out the stone slag.

S3, the stone slag in the blanking equipment slides to the conveying equipment by means of gravity; the blanking equipment comprises a bearing frame and a blanking hopper, wherein one end of the bearing frame is hinged, the other end of the bearing frame is provided with an adjusting cylinder, and the adjusting cylinder is preferably a hydraulic cylinder. Through the length of adjustment jar, adjust the inclination that bears the frame, and the blanking fill is fixed and is bearing the frame, can be according to the humidity and the granularity of slabstone from this, and the inclination of the blanking fill is adjusted in a flexible way as required, ensures that the slabstone in the blanking fill falls by relying on gravity completely, avoids the slabstone to block up the blanking fill. Two opposite sides of the blanking hopper are parallelly provided with slag baffles to prevent the slag from falling.

And S4, conveying the ballast to the outside of the hole by the conveying equipment. The conveying device may in particular be a conveyor belt.

In summary, the slag removal method for the open type TBM provided by the invention can utilize excavating equipment to clean the stone slag at the bottom of the tunnel, and then sequentially transfer the stone slag to the outside of the tunnel by means of slag turning equipment, blanking equipment and conveying equipment. The excavating equipment is used for replacing the existing manual slag shoveling or intelligent mechanical claw, so that the labor intensity can be reduced, the construction efficiency is higher, frequent faults can be avoided, the long-time continuous construction is facilitated, and the construction cost is lower. Therefore, the open type TBM slag removal method provided by the invention can efficiently remove the slag at low cost.

After the excavating equipment at the bottom of the tunnel conveys the excavated ballast to the ballast overturning equipment, the step also comprises S11, whether the ballast in the tunnel is completely cleaned is judged, if so, the excavating equipment is driven out of the tunnel, so that the excavating equipment does not occupy the equipment space and is convenient for subsequent construction; if not, the excavating equipment continues to excavate the stone slag until the whole stone slag is cleaned.

Before the ballast overturning equipment lifts the ballast to the specified height from bottom to top, the step also comprises S20, judging whether the ballast overturning equipment is full of the ballast, if so, lifting the ballast to the specified height from bottom to top by the ballast overturning equipment; if not, the slag turning device does not act, and the excavating device continues to transfer the stone slag to the slag turning hopper until the slag turning hopper is filled with the stone slag. So, can make and turn over the high-efficient stone sediment of transporting of sediment equipment, do benefit to and promote scarfing cinder efficiency. Specifically, a barrier sensor can be additionally arranged in a slag turning hopper of the slag turning equipment, and the barrier sensor is utilized to detect whether the slag turning equipment is filled with the ballast. Of course, the detection method is not limited thereto.

After the slag turning device lifts the stone slag to the designated height from bottom to top, the step also comprises S21, judging whether the slag turning device reaches the designated height, if so, turning the slag turning device to unload the stone slag into the blanking device, and at the designated height, turning the slag turning hopper of the slag turning device for 180 degrees to just aim at the feeding hole of the blanking device, so as to ensure that the stone slag is completely unloaded into the blanking hopper by the turning hopper, avoid the leakage of the stone slag and have higher slag cleaning efficiency; if not, the slag turning equipment continues to lift the stone slag until the slag turning equipment resists the specified height. The designated height refers to the height of the slag turning device when the slag turning device is just aligned with the blanking device after being turned over. Specifically, a distance detection sensor or a travel switch and other detection pieces can be additionally arranged to detect whether the slag turning equipment reaches a specified height.

Before turning over and discharging the stone ballast into the blanking equipment at the designated height, the step also comprises S30, judging whether the slag turning equipment is in butt joint with the blanking equipment, if so, turning over and discharging the stone ballast into the blanking equipment; if not, adjusting the relative positions of the slag turning equipment and the blanking equipment. The position of the blanking equipment is adjustable, and the position of the blanking equipment is adjusted in a single way, so that the slag turning equipment is butted with the blanking equipment, the leakage of stone slag is avoided, and the slag cleaning efficiency is favorably improved.

The step that the stone ballast in the blanking equipment relies on gravity landing to conveying equipment includes S31, judges whether the material way of blanking equipment blocks up, if, sends out the warning and reminds, reminds constructor in time to clear up blanking equipment, avoids influencing the stone ballast and transports. Specifically, a speed detection sensor or a camera for detecting the flow speed of the stone slag can be additionally arranged in a blanking hopper of the blanking equipment, so that automatic reminding is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a front view of an open TBM slag removal system according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a side view of fig. 2.

The invention discloses an open type TBM slag removal system which is applied to any one of the open type TBM slag removal methods 1 to 6 and comprises an excavating device 1, a slag turning device 2, a blanking device 3 and a conveying device 4, wherein the excavating device 1 is used for excavating stone slag at the bottom of a tunnel, the slag turning device 2 is used for lifting the stone slag conveyed by the excavating device 1 to a specified height from bottom to top, the blanking device 3 is used for guiding the stone slag overturned and unloaded by the slag turning device 2 at the specified height to slide off, and the conveying device 4 is used for conveying the stone slag transported by the blanking device 3 to the outside of the tunnel. Obviously, the technical scheme of the open type TBM slag removal system provided by the invention is completely the same as that of the open type TBM slag removal method provided by the invention, and has the same beneficial effect.

The open TBM slag removal system provided by the invention further comprises patrol detection equipment and control equipment, wherein the patrol detection equipment is provided with walking wheels and can automatically walk along the tunnel. The patrol detection equipment is provided with image recognition equipment such as a camera and the like and is used for patrolling and positioning each ballast accumulation point along the tunnel. The collected rock ballast accumulation points are fed back to the control device by the training detection equipment, the control device judges whether the rock ballast accumulation points are larger than zero, if yes, the tunnel rock ballast is not cleaned, at the moment, the control device automatically generates a preset track containing the rock ballast accumulation points, and controls the excavating equipment 1 to excavate the rock ballast accumulated at the rock ballast accumulation points one by one along the preset track, so that automatic and efficient slag cleaning is realized; if not, the fact that the stone slag in the tunnel is completely cleaned means that the stone slag is completely cleaned, at the moment, the control device sends a signal to the excavating device 1 to remind a driver of driving the excavating device 1 out of the tunnel, or the unmanned excavating device 1 is directly controlled to drive to the outside of the tunnel, and therefore the space occupied by the excavating device 1 is avoided.

The open type TBM slag removal system provided by the invention also comprises height detection equipment which is used for judging whether the slag turning equipment 2 reaches a specified height, if so, the control equipment controls the slag turning equipment 2 to automatically turn over according to a signal fed back by the height detection equipment, and the stone slag is unloaded into the blanking equipment 3, so that the automation degree is high, and the slag removal efficiency is high; if not, the control equipment controls the slag turning equipment 2 to continuously lift the stone slag. The type of height detection device can be referred to above and will not be described in detail here.

The open type TBM slag removal system provided by the invention also comprises butt joint detection equipment which is used for judging whether the slag turning equipment 2 is in butt joint with the blanking equipment 3 or not, if so, the control equipment controls the slag turning equipment 2 to automatically turn over according to a signal fed back by the butt joint detection equipment, and the stone slag is unloaded into the blanking equipment 3, so that the automation degree is higher, and the slag removal efficiency is favorably improved; if not, the control equipment adjusts the relative positions of the slag turning equipment 2 and the blanking equipment 3 until the slag turning equipment 2 is in butt joint with the blanking equipment 3. The docking detection device may specifically be an obstacle detection sensor, but is not limited thereto.

The above detailed description is provided for the open type TBM slag removal method and system provided by the present invention, and the principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained in the present document by applying specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.