阅读说明：本技术 高压设备和用于确定这种高压设备中的机柜内的冷凝风险的方法 (High-voltage device and method for determining a risk of condensation within a cabinet in such a high-voltage device ) 是由 M.海内克 T.希尔克 R.克努特 于 2020-02-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于确定高压设备(20)的机柜(6)中的冷凝风险的方法,其中-借助布置在机柜(6)中的内部温度传感器(10)确定机柜(6)中存在着的机柜内部温度,以获得内部温度值T-(I)；-借助布置在机柜外部的外部温度传感器(15)确定机柜的外部温度,以获得外部温度值T-(A)；-内部温度值T-(I)和外部温度值T-(A)被传送到数据处理单元(16)；-数据处理单元(16)通过计算内部温度值T-(I)与外部温度值T-(A)之间的差,根据T-(D)＝T-(I)-T-(A)确定温度差值T-(D),其中,数据处理单元(16)在温度差值T-(D)小于3摄氏度时生成警告信号(18)。本发明还涉及一种高压设备(20),其被配置为用于执行根据本发明的方法。(The invention relates to a method for determining a risk of condensation in a cabinet (6) of a high-voltage device (20), wherein an internal cabinet temperature prevailing in the cabinet (6) is determined by means of an internal temperature sensor (10) arranged in the cabinet (6) in order to obtain an internal temperature value T I (ii) a -determining the external temperature of the cabinet by means of an external temperature sensor (15) arranged outside the cabinet to obtain an external temperature value T A (ii) a -internal temperature value T I And an external temperature value T A Is transmitted to a data processing unit (16); -the data processing unit (16) calculates the internal temperature value T I With an external temperature value T A Difference therebetween according to T D ＝T I ‑T A Determining the temperature difference T D Wherein, a data processing unit (16) At a temperature difference T D A warning signal (18) is generated at less than 3 degrees celsius. The invention also relates to a high voltage device (20) configured for performing the method according to the invention.)

1. Method for determining a risk of condensation in a cabinet (6) of a high-voltage apparatus (20), in which method

-determining a cabinet internal temperature present in the cabinet (6) by means of an internal temperature sensor (10) arranged in the cabinet (6) to obtain an internal temperature value T_I；

-determining the external temperature of the cabinet by means of an external temperature sensor (15) arranged outside the cabinet to obtain an external temperature value T_A；

-said internal temperature value T_IAnd said external temperature value T_AIs transmitted to a data processing unit (16);

-said data processing unit (16) calculating said internal temperature value T_IAnd the external temperature value T_AA difference therebetween according to

T_D＝T_I-T_A

Determining the temperature difference T_DWherein the data processing unit (16) is arranged to process the temperature difference T_DA warning signal (18) is generated at less than 3 degrees celsius.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the data processing unit (16) determines a temperature difference T_DDepending on the time variation.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

if the temperature difference T is_DThe temperature drops below 3 ℃ in 1 to 3 minutes, the data processing unit (16) determines the state of the cabinet door being open.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the number of states of the cabinet door opening within a predetermined time interval is determined.

5. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

if the temperature difference T is_D-falling below 3 ℃ in a time interval of more than three minutes, the data processing unit (16) determines that a heating device (14) arranged in the cabinet (6) is malfunctioning.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

external temperature value T_ALower than-33 degrees celsius and an internal temperature value T_IBelow-30 degrees celsius, the data processing unit (16) concludes that the additional heating means of the cabinet (6) are malfunctioning and issues a corresponding warning signal (18).

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the internal temperature sensor (10) and the external temperature sensor (15) are connected via a short-range communication connection (11) with a communication unit (12), wherein the communication unit (12) is connected via a long-range communication connection (13) with the data processing unit, and the data processing unit is a data processing cloud (16).

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the communication unit (12) has a local memory unit and a processor, wherein the internal temperature value T transmitted from the temperature sensor (10, 15)_IOr an external temperature value T_AIs stored locally on the storage unit.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the communication unit (12) has an antenna for position determination.

10. A high-voltage device (20) has

-a cabinet (6),

-an internal temperature sensor (10) arranged in the cabinet (6),

-an external temperature sensor (15) arranged outside and close to the cabinet (6),

-a communication unit (12) connected with the internal temperature sensor (10) and the external temperature sensor (15) via a short-range communication connection (11), and

-a data processing unit (16) connectable with the communication unit (12), the data processing unit being configured for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A computer program for a computing device, the computer program,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the computer program is adapted to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A storage medium for storing a plurality of data items,

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

on which a computer program according to claim 11 is stored.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a high voltage device and a method for determining a risk of condensation in a cabinet of such a high voltage device.

Background

In switchgear cabinets and drive cabinets for high-voltage equipment, such as gas-insulated switchgear or circuit breakers, heaters are integrated to protect the electronics and electromechanical components arranged in the cabinet against condensed water and low temperatures below-30 ℃. In the event of a failure of the heater, there is the risk that the gaseous water contained in the air condenses and leads to a failure of the electronics and/or control device.

The functionality of the heaters of such cabinets is not usually checked. It is known to check the heating current to thereby identify the risk of condensation. In addition, expensive monitoring devices are available on the market as retrofit solutions, which monitor devices, in particular, collect the cabinet interior temperature. A disadvantage in these previously known solutions is that the monitoring device has to be installed in the field and read in a complicated manner.

A heating device for a control cabinet of a high-voltage circuit breaker is known from DE 20220204U 1.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to simplify the determination of the risk of condensation in the high-pressure apparatus and the method mentioned at the outset.

The invention solves the above-mentioned problem by means of a method of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the cabinet interior temperature is determined by means of an interior temperature sensor arranged in the cabinet in order to obtain an interior temperature value T_I(ii) a Determining an external temperature by means of an external temperature sensor arranged outside the cabinet to obtain an external temperature value T_A(ii) a Internal temperature value T_IAnd an external temperature value T_AIs transmitted toA data processing unit; the data processing unit calculates the internal temperature value T_IWith an external temperature value T_AA difference therebetween according to

T_D＝T_I-T_A

Determining the temperature difference T_DWherein the data processing unit is at a temperature difference T_DA warning signal is generated at less than 3 degrees celsius.

The invention also solves the above-mentioned object by means of a high-voltage installation of the initially mentioned type, wherein the high-voltage installation has a cabinet in which a heating device is arranged; an internal temperature sensor disposed in the cabinet; an external temperature sensor disposed outside and proximate to the cabinet; a communication unit connected with the internal temperature sensor and the external temperature sensor via a short-range communication connection; and a data processing unit connectable with the communication unit and configured for performing the above-mentioned method.

Within the scope of the present invention, a method and a high-voltage device are provided which enable a convenient monitoring of the risk of condensation within a cabinet of the high-voltage device. According to the invention, the cabinet internal temperature is picked up by an internal temperature sensor, which is advantageously arranged in the cabinet. Here, the internal temperature sensor should be arranged as far away as possible from a heat source that may be present in the cabinet.

In addition to the internal temperature sensor, it is within the scope of the invention to provide a further temperature sensor which is arranged outside the cabinet and determines the external temperature, wherein the external temperature value generated in this case is likewise transmitted to the data processing unit. The data processing unit forms an internal temperature value T_IAnd the external temperature value T acquired at the same time_AThe difference between them and calculating therefrom the temperature difference T_D. Such a temperature difference determination is not provided in previously known methods.

The risk of condensation in the cabinet can be inferred quickly and with high safety from the temperature difference. In particular if the temperature difference T_DBelow 3 degrees celsius or 3 degrees kelvin, the data processing unit generates a warning signal. By means of warning signals, presentIt may become superfluous to read the sensor in a complicated way by the field. Within the scope of the invention, the manner of the warning signal and how it is transmitted is in principle arbitrary. Thus, for example, a text message, for example an SMS or an email, can be generated and sent to a monitoring station of the energy supply network or to the mobile telephone of the user.

In the context of online applications, it is also possible to configure the warning signal in the visualization of the operating state of the high-voltage system by means of a specific coloring of the high-voltage system. Thus, for example, if the temperature difference between the internal temperature and the external temperature is greater than 3 degrees kelvin, a high-pressure device without risk of condensation may be indicated by green. In other words, if the internal temperature is at least 3 degrees kelvin higher than the external temperature, there is no risk of condensation. Warm air may hold more water than cooler air. In other words, the air entering the cabinet from the outside has a lower relative air humidity. However, if the threshold value of 3K or 3 ℃ is not exceeded, there is a risk of condensation of the gaseous water contained in the air. A high voltage device with such a cabinet will for example be shown in red.

Suitably, the data processing unit determines the temperature difference T_DDepending on the time variation. It is advantageous here if the data processing unit has a memory unit, on which the measured data, i.e. the external temperature value T, can be stored continuously_AAnd an internal temperature value T_I. Each stored temperature value is associated with a time value. In other words, within the scope of the invention, the temperature measurement is carried out as a function of time.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, if the temperature difference T is small_DAnd the temperature is reduced to 3 ℃ within 1 to 3 minutes, and the data processing unit determines the opening state of the cabinet door. Based on time-dependent temperature difference T_DCan determine whether the door of the cabinet is open, for example, in an inspection of the electronics performed in the field of maintenance, or simply due to the door popping open accidentally. It is assumed here that an open cabinet door leads to a temperature difference T_DAnd rapidly decreases. If such a rapid decrease in temperature difference is determinedSmall, it is within the scope of the invention to conclude that the cabinet door is open. This event equates to the state of the cabinet door being open. Under normal conditions, i.e. when the heating device is running and the cabinet door is closed, the temperature difference T_DIn a range between 5 degrees celsius and 20 degrees celsius.

According to an advantageous further development of the method according to the invention, the number of states of the cabinet door opening in the time interval is determined. According to this advantageous further development of the invention, the frequency with which the door opens can be determined. This is advantageous in terms of safety of the operation of the high-voltage device.

On the contrary, if the temperature difference T is_DA slow fall, i.e. a fall slower than 5 degrees in 3 minutes, then within the scope of the invention a fault of the cabinet heater is concluded and a corresponding warning signal is issued. The warning signal is sent to the user, for example in the form of a text message, which then identifies that the heater is malfunctioning and can then take corresponding measures.

Advantageously, the internal temperature sensor is arranged away from the airflow of the cabinet vent. The airflow can skew the results of the internal temperature measurements.

According to a further advantageous variant of the invention, if the external temperature value T is outside_AInternal temperature value T lower than-33 deg.C_IBelow-30 degrees celsius, the data processing unit generates a warning signal that the additional heating means of the cabinet are malfunctioning. Failure of the additional heating means in the cabinet of the high-voltage apparatus is critical at low temperatures, since previously warm air can hold more air humidity than colder air. Therefore, if the warm air is cooled down quickly, condensation water is likely to occur, so that a quick response must be made there.

According to an advantageous further development in this respect, the internal temperature sensor and the external temperature sensor are connected with the communication unit via a short-range communication connection, wherein the communication unit is connected with the data processing unit by a long-range communication connection, and the data processing unit is a data processing cloud. The communication unit is arranged on or in the vicinity of the high-voltage device, i.e. at most not more than 100 meters therefrom. According to this advantageous further development, a communication unit, for example a communication box, is provided, which has at least one analog input and at least one digital input. Of course, more analog inputs and/or digital inputs may be provided. In any case, the communication unit is connected with both the internal temperature sensor and the external temperature sensor via a short-range communication connection. In this way, both sensors can send their measured values and/or values derived from the measured values to the communication unit.

The communication unit has, for example, a processor, for example a main processor and possibly an auxiliary processor, and a memory unit which can be used to store the preprocessed measured values and/or the preprocessed values derived from the measured values. Thus, for example, the input values can be averaged and the averaged values can be stored locally on a memory unit of the communication unit. The communication unit is in turn connected with the data processing cloud via a long-range communication connection.

A data processing cloud is to be understood here as a module having one or more data storage devices and one or more data processing devices, which can be configured to carry out any data processing procedure by means of suitable programming. A data processing device here generally denotes a generic data processing device, for example a server, which initially has no particular design in terms of its construction and its programming. Only by executing programming is the general-purpose data processing apparatus enabled to perform a specific function.

If the data processing cloud has a plurality of individual components, these components are connected to one another in a suitable manner for data communication, for example via a communication network. Any data used for data storage and/or processing may be performed in the data processing cloud. The data processing cloud itself makes the stored data and/or the events of the stored data processing available again to further devices, such as computer stations, laptops or smart phones connected to the data processing cloud. For example, the data processing cloud may be provided by a computer center or a plurality of networked computer centers. In general, the data processing cloud is arranged spatially remote from the components of the energy supply grid, in particular from the high-voltage devices installed therein.

The connection of the communication unit to the data processing cloud is realized via a so-called long-range communication connection. For establishing the connection, the communication unit has a long-range communication device, for example a mobile radio device according to the GPRS or UMTS standard. With the communication device, a long-range communication connection, preferably an IP-based data connection, with the data processing cloud is established. In this case, for example, a provider of mobile radio services or a telecommunications provider can be inserted and a long-range communication connection can be established at least in part via the communication network of the provider and/or at least in part via the internet. Then only little configuration overhead or parameterization overhead is required to establish the connection. Apart from the information required for the construction of the telecommunication connection, for example information about the installation of the SIM card of the telecommunication provider, no further expenditure has to be expended for the individual communication units.

Within the scope of the invention, the temperature sensor is connected to the communication unit via a short-range communication connection. The short-range communication connection may be, for example, a simple cable. In contrast, the short-range communication link is, for example, a ZigBee, bluetooth, wireless communication link, Ambus communication link or WiFi communication link. The short-range communication connection extends over a connection path of at most 100 meters.

The high-voltage arrangement within the scope of the invention is designed for operation of a high-voltage power supply network, for example an energy supply network, i.e. for an operating voltage of between 1kV and 1000kV, in particular between 50kV and 800 kV. The high-voltage network is preferably an ac network. However, a direct current network and/or a combination of an alternating current and a direct current network are also possible within the scope of the invention.

Within the scope of the invention, any temperature sensor may be considered a sensor; of course, a specially adapted temperature sensor may also be used within the scope of the invention.

Advantageously, the communication unit has a local memory unit and a processor, wherein the internal or external temperature values transmitted from the temperature sensor are stored locally on the memory unit.

Within the scope of the invention, high-voltage devices are, for example, circuit breakers, load disconnectors, transformers, converters, matrix switches, direct-current voltage switches, etc.

Advantageously, the communication unit has an antenna for position determination. By means of the antenna, the geographical position of the respective communication unit and the high-voltage device connected thereto can be determined. Methods for position determination are known to those skilled in the art. For this purpose reference is made to the so-called global positioning system, galileo, etc.

According to an advantageous further development in this respect, the communication unit has a long-range communication means and can be connected to the data processing unit via a long-range communication connection.

Drawings

Further advantageous embodiments and advantages of the invention are the content of the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals indicate like-acting components, and wherein

Fig. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a high voltage device according to the invention;

fig. 2 schematically shows a switchgear cabinet of the high-voltage arrangement according to fig. 1; and

fig. 3 schematically shows the high-voltage device according to fig. 1 connected to a data processing cloud to illustrate the method according to the invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a high-voltage device 20 embodied as a high-voltage circuit breaker. The high-voltage circuit breaker has three switching poles 1, 2, 3. Each switching pole 1, 2, 3 is provided with an upper open-air connection and a middle open-air connection, which are each used for connecting an air-insulated connecting line 4. The open-air terminals are spaced apart from one another by an elongated hollow insulating cylinder, wherein a stationary fixed contact is arranged inside the insulating cylinder, which fixed contact is situated opposite the moving contact in the longitudinal direction. By introducing a lifting movement in the moving contact, the contacts which are in contact with one another can be separated from one another and vice versa. If the contacts of the switching poles 1, 2, 3 are in contact with each other, a current can flow via the respective switching pole 1, 2, 3. When the contacts are separated from each other, i.e. when the switching poles 1, 2, 3 are open, the current path via the switching poles 1, 2, 3 is interrupted.

All the insulating columns are mounted on a common support frame 5 which is firmly supported on the ground via suitable feet. Below the support frame 5, a switch cabinet 6 can be seen, the cabinet door of which is closed in fig. 1.

Fig. 2 shows a switchgear cabinet 6 with an open cabinet door. It can be seen that a drive 7 is arranged in the switchgear cabinet 6. The drive unit 7 has an on spring and an off spring in its interior, which is schematically shown in fig. 2. If the switch is switched on and the locking of the tensioned turn-off spring is released, the turn-off spring relaxes. The resulting drive movement is introduced via the kinematic chain 8 into the kinematic contact of the respective switching pole 1, 2, 3. The switch 20 is now switched off, so that the current flow via the contacts of the switch poles 1, 2, 3 is prevented. To switch on the switch 20, the tensioned switching spring in the drive cabinet 7 is relaxed and the drive movement is introduced into the moving contacts, so that each moving contact comes into contact with a respective fixed contact. A control device 9 arranged in the switchgear cabinet 6 is used to trigger the respective switching process, which control device 9 is connected to the drive device 7 and is configured to release the respective locking, so that the on-spring or the off-spring is released and relaxed.

Also visible in the switchgear cabinet 6 is an internal temperature sensor 10 which is connected via a short-range communication connection 11 with a communication unit 12. The communication unit 12 is connected to a data processing cloud, not shown in fig. 2, via a long-range communication connection 13, only schematically shown. In order to avoid condensation in the switchgear cabinet 6, a heating device 14 is provided in the switchgear cabinet 6, which is responsible for increasing the internal temperature in the switchgear cabinet 6 such that the internal temperature is higher than the external temperature.

Referring again to fig. 1, it can be seen that the high voltage circuit breaker 20 has an external temperature sensor 15, which is likewise connected via a short-range communication connection 11 with a communication unit 12 on the switchgear cabinet 6. A short-range communication connection 11 between an internal temperature sensor (not shown graphically there) inside the cabinet 6 and a communication unit 12 is schematically shown in fig. 1.

The internal temperature sensor 10 detects an internal temperature as a function of time, wherein an analog measurement signal of the internal temperature sensor 10 is sampledAnd the sampled values are digitized to obtain an internal temperature measurement T_I. Digitized time-resolved internal temperature measurement T_IIs transmitted to the communication unit 12 via the short-range communication connection 11. The communication unit 12 has at least one processor and a memory unit, wherein an input internal temperature value T_IAnd an input time-resolved external temperature value T_AThe averaging may be suitably performed.

Fig. 3 shows a high-voltage circuit breaker 20 and a data processing cloud 16, which is connected to the communication unit 12 via the long-range communication connection 13.

Also visible in fig. 3 is a user tablet 17, which is likewise connected to the data processing cloud 16 via the long-range communication connection 13. The data processing cloud 16 receives the internal temperature value T from the communication unit 12_IAnd an external temperature value T_AWherein the measured values are each fixedly associated with a time value. Data processing cloud 16 by counting internal temperature value T_IMinus the external temperature value T_ATo form a temperature difference T_DThe internal temperature value is higher due to the heating means. If the temperature difference T thus formed_DTo below a threshold of 3 degrees celsius or 3 degrees kelvin, a risk of condensation occurs. The data processing cloud 16 then generates a warning signal 18, which in this case is sent to the user tablet 17. After receiving the warning signal 17, the user is connected, for example, by means of his tablet computer 17 via the long-range communication connection 13 to the data processing cloud 16. This is achieved by entering so-called user data or login data, which in the embodiment shown comprises a user name and a password associated with the user name. After the user data has been entered, a connection between the data processing cloud 16 and the user tablet 17 is established, wherein the data processing cloud 16 generates, for example, a visualization with which the operating state of the energy supply network or, in particular, of the high-voltage circuit breaker 20 according to fig. 1 can be graphically represented.

Thus, by means of the temperature difference T_DA risk of condensation may be indicated. Furthermore, the temperature difference T measured in a time-resolved manner_DCan also realize specific eventsDetermination of a piece or state. Therefore, within the scope of the invention, if the temperature difference T is different_DFalls rapidly and within 2 minutes from a nearly constant value in time (e.g., 10 degrees celsius) to 3 degrees celsius, it is concluded that the cabinet door is open. This rapid cooling indicates that the cabinet door is open.

If the temperature difference T is_DA slower drop from 10 to 2 degrees celsius and for example for 10 minutes, the cabinet door can be excluded from being open. In this case, the functionality of the heating device 14 is rather questionable, so a corresponding warning signal 18 is sent to the user tablet 17.

Low external temperatures below-33 degrees require additional heating means to support the heating means 14 in the cabinet 6. It is possible within the scope of the invention to determine whether the additional heating means has failed. This occurs if the external temperature is below-33 degrees celsius and the internal temperature is below-30 degrees celsius. If the data processing cloud 16 determines an internal temperature value T_IA corresponding warning signal is emitted.