阅读说明：本技术 一种跟骨髓内钉导向装置 (Calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device ) 是由 倪明 牛文鑫 黄伟志 孙万驹 章浩伟 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及医疗器械领域,特别是涉及一种跟骨髓内钉导向装置。本发明提供一种跟骨髓内钉导向装置,包括基座,所述基座上设有跟骨髓内钉支撑部和握持部,还包括跟骨侧面导向部和跟骨结节导向部。本发明所提供的跟骨髓内钉导向装置可以在跟骨髓内钉置入时调节垂直方向钉子的位置,不仅可以有效提高固定的稳定效果,适应不同的手术患者,还能够通过导向孔准确地置入锁定螺钉,有效的节约手术时间。(The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device. The invention provides a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device which comprises a base, wherein a calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part and a holding part are arranged on the base, and the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device further comprises a calcaneus side guiding part and a calcaneus tuberosity guiding part. The calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention can adjust the position of a nail in the vertical direction when the calcaneus intramedullary nail is implanted, not only can effectively improve the stabilization effect of fixation and adapt to different surgical patients, but also can accurately implant a locking screw through the guiding hole, and effectively saves the surgical time.)

1. The calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device is characterized by comprising a base (1), wherein a calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part (2) and a holding part (3) are arranged on the base (1), the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device further comprises a calcaneus side guiding part (4) and a calcaneus tubercle guiding part (5), the near end of the calcaneus side guiding part (4) is connected with the base (1) through an extending part (6), the calcaneus side guiding part (4) comprises a plurality of calcaneus side guiding holes (41), the extending direction of the calcaneus side guiding holes (41) is matched with a calcaneus side locking hole of a calcaneus intramedullary nail body (7) needing to be connected on the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part (2), the calcaneus tubercle guiding part (5) comprises an arc-shaped guiding part (51) and a sliding part (52), the near end of the arc-shaped guiding part (51) is connected with the base, the sliding part (52) comprises a calcaneus tubercle guiding hole (521), the sliding piece (52) can drive the calcaneal tubercle guide hole (521) to rotate and can slide along the extension direction of the arc-shaped guide piece (51), the extension direction of the calcaneal tubercle guide hole (521) is matched with a calcaneal tubercle locking hole of a calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) required to be connected on the calcaneal intramedullary nail support portion (2), and a stop mechanism (53) acting on the sliding piece (52) is further arranged on the sliding piece (52).

2. The guiding device of the intramedullary nail of the calcaneus is characterized in that the extension direction of the calcaneus side guiding part (4) is matched with the implantation direction of the intramedullary nail body (7).

3. The calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device according to claim 1, wherein an extending direction of the calcaneal side guiding hole (41) intersects with an implanting direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7), an angle between the extending direction of the calcaneal side guiding hole (41) and the implanting direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) is 89.5-90 °, and when the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) is loaded on the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion (2), a distance between the calcaneal side guiding hole (41) and the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) is 4-6 cm.

4. The guiding device of the intramedullary nail of the calcaneus of claim 1, wherein the implantation direction of the intramedullary nail body (7) of the calcaneus is located in a plane formed by the rotation of the guide hole (521) of the tuberosity of the calcaneus, and when the intramedullary nail body (7) is loaded on the intramedullary nail supporting part (2), the distance between the far end of the arc-shaped guiding piece (51) and the intramedullary nail body (7) of the calcaneus is 3-10 cm.

5. The calcaneal intramedullary nail guide device according to claim 1, wherein an angle between a plane formed by the extension direction of the calcaneal side guide hole (41) and the implantation direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) and an angle between a plane formed by the calcaneal tubercle guide hole (521) and the implantation direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) are 20-90 °.

6. The intramedullary nail guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the proximal end of the intramedullary nail support portion (2) is connected to the base (1), the distal end of the intramedullary nail support portion (2) comprises a connecting portion (21) of the intramedullary nail, and the connecting portion (21) of the intramedullary nail is detachably connected to the intramedullary nail body (7).

7. The intramedullary nail guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the intramedullary nail support portion (2) is a straight extending cylinder, and the extension direction of the intramedullary nail support portion (2) matches the implantation direction of the intramedullary nail body (7).

8. The intramedullary nail guiding device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting portion (2) and the holding portion (3) of the intramedullary nail are respectively located at two sides of the base, and the extending direction of the holding portion (3) is matched with the implanting direction of the intramedullary nail body (7).

9. A calcaneus intramedullary nail, which is characterized by comprising a calcaneus intramedullary nail body (7) and a tail cap (8), the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7) comprises a guide device connecting end and a nail body placing end, the guide device connecting end is matched with the tail cap (8), the calcaneus intramedullary nail body (7) comprises an inner cavity, the extension direction of the inner cavity is consistent with the extension direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body (7), two calcaneal tubercle locking holes (72) are oppositely arranged on the side wall of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7), the length direction of the calcaneal tubercle locking hole (72) is consistent with the extension direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body (7), a plurality of pairs of calcaneus side locking holes (71) are also arranged on the side wall of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body (7) in a relatively low way, the distribution direction of the calcaneus side locking holes (71) is consistent with the extension direction of the intramedullary nail body (7).

10. A calcaneal intramedullary nail guide system comprising the calcaneal intramedullary nail guide device of any one of claims 1 to 8 and the calcaneal intramedullary nail of claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device and a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding system comprising the same.

Background

The calcaneus is the largest among the seven tarsal bones and is located at the lower part of the hind foot to form the heel. The calcaneus is in an irregular rectangle, is narrow in the front and wide in the back, and can be divided into a front protruding part, a body part and a nodular part. The calcaneus and other foot bones form an arch of foot, the calcaneus and talus form the rear part of the longitudinal arch of foot, 60% of weight is born, and the arch of foot is collapsed after the calcaneus is fractured, so that the foot can not walk normally.

Calcaneal fractures are the most common foot injuries, accounting for about 60% of tarsal fractures, with 75% being intra-articular fractures. A significantly displaced calcaneus fracture requires surgical treatment. The incision reduction steel plate internal fixation is the 'gold standard' of calcaneal fracture, but complications such as incision infection and the like seriously affect the curative effect of the calcaneal fracture operation treatment. The minimally invasive reduction internal fixation can effectively treat the fracture and reduce the complications at the same time, and the application in the calcaneus fracture treatment is gradually expanded.

Intramedullary fixation is an effective treatment means of calcaneal fracture, and in the prior art, the position of a patient is placed similarly to the fixation of a steel plate when the calcaneal intramedullary nail is fixed, and the lateral position and the axial position X-ray sheet of the foot are conveniently seen through by adopting a lateral lying position and straightening the affected limb. Or adopting a prone position, and extending the foot part of the affected side out of the operation bed to avoid the interference of the affected limb of the healthy side. The operation is divided into six steps. The first step is to insert a depth-limiting guide pin into the calcaneus through the rear lower edge of the heel, the included angle between the direction of the depth-limiting guide pin and the horizontal line on the side surface is about 60 degrees, and the axial position is located in the middle of calcaneus tubercle and faces to the gap of the fourth phalanx. The second step is to place a traction needle, firstly, a 3.2mm Schneider needle is vertically placed into the calcaneal tubercle from the outside to the inside, and the position of the traction needle is 10mm above the pre-placement position of the intramedullary nail so as to avoid interference. In case of tongue fracture, the position of the Schneider needle can be slightly lower. Then, a schleman pin is placed in the center of the talus fornix. The spreader is sleeved into the schlieren needle, the connecting rod is rotated to spread the subtalar joint and correct the varus deformity. And thirdly, a 10mm hollow drill bit is arranged through depth limiting, and a nail arranging channel is established along the direction opening of the guide pin. And withdrawing the drill bit, and taking out the spongy bone left inside for bone grafting. Fourthly, the subtalar joint is reset, a straight or arc reset rod is placed in the subtalar joint through the main nail channel, the fracture block is pushed and extruded towards the direction of the joint surface, and perspective is performed until the fracture block is satisfied; if there is a fracture in the medial wall, it is first reduced to restore the height of the calcaneus. The fifth step is to insert the intramedullary nail, select a main nail of appropriate length, insert along the pre-indwelling channel, and rotate appropriately during insertion until the desired position. Two guide pins with the diameter of 1.6mm are arranged in the nail holes at the two ends of the main nail through the guide arms, and the locking nail is screwed in after the position is verified through perspective. And sixthly, performing all-dimensional perspective, screwing in a tail cap of the intramedullary nail and suturing the incision after the fracture reduction and the proper position of the intramedullary nail are proved.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device and a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding system including the same, which solve the problems of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device, including a base, a calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting portion and a holding portion provided on the base, a calcaneus lateral guiding portion and a calcaneus tuberosity guiding portion, wherein a proximal end of the calcaneus lateral guiding portion is connected to the base through an extending portion, the calcaneus lateral guiding portion includes a plurality of calcaneus lateral guiding holes, an extending direction of the calcaneus lateral guiding holes is matched with a calcaneus lateral locking hole of a calcaneus intramedullary nail body to be connected to the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting portion, the calcaneus tuberosity guiding portion includes an arc-shaped guiding member and a sliding member, a proximal end of the arc-shaped guiding member is connected to the base, the sliding member includes a calcaneus tuberosity guiding hole, the sliding member can drive the calcaneus guiding hole to rotate and can slide along the extending direction of the arc-shaped guiding member, the extension direction of the calcaneal tubercle guide hole is matched with a calcaneal tubercle locking hole of a calcaneal intramedullary nail body to be connected on the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting part, and a stopping mechanism acting on the sliding part is further arranged on the sliding part.

In some embodiments of the invention, the extension direction of the calcaneus side guide part is matched with the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the extension direction of the calcaneus side guide hole intersects with the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body, and the angle between the extension direction of the calcaneus side guide hole and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is 89.5-90 degrees.

In some embodiments of the invention, when the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is loaded on the calcaneus intramedullary nail support part, the distance between the calcaneus side guide hole and the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is 4-6 cm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the implantation direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body is in the plane formed by the rotation of the calcaneal tuberosity guide hole.

In some embodiments of the invention, when the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is loaded on the calcaneus intramedullary nail support part, the distance between the far end of the arc-shaped guide piece and the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is 3-10 cm.

In some embodiments of the invention, an included angle between a plane formed by the extension direction of the calcaneus side guide hole and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body and a plane formed by the calcaneus tubercle guide hole and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body is 20-90 degrees.

In some embodiments of the invention, the proximal end of the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part is connected with the base, and the distal end of the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part comprises a calcaneus intramedullary nail connecting part which is detachably connected with the calcaneus intramedullary nail body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the calcaneal intramedullary nail support portion is a linearly extending cylinder, and the extending direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail support portion matches with the implanting direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body.

In some embodiments of the invention, the supporting portion and the holding portion of the calcaneal intramedullary nail are respectively located on two sides of the base, and the extending direction of the holding portion is matched with the implantation direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body.

The invention provides a calcaneus intramedullary nail, which comprises a calcaneus intramedullary nail body and a tail cap, wherein the calcaneus intramedullary nail body comprises a guide device connecting end and a nail body placing end, the guide device connecting end is matched with the tail cap, the calcaneus intramedullary nail body comprises an inner cavity, the extending direction of the inner cavity is consistent with the extending direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body, two calcaneus tubercle locking holes are oppositely arranged on the side wall of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body, the length direction of the calcaneus tubercle locking holes is consistent with the extending direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body, a plurality of pairs of calcaneus side locking holes are also relatively arranged on the side wall of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body in a low mode, and the distribution direction of the calcaneus side locking holes is consistent with the extending direction of the intramedullary nail body.

In another aspect, the invention provides a calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding system, which comprises the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device and the calcaneus intramedullary nail.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the overall structure of the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device of the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lateral guiding portion and the abduction portion of the bone in the guiding device of the heel intramedullary nail of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the sliding member and the stopping mechanism of the intramedullary nail guiding device of the calcaneus.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the calcaneus intramedullary nail of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the use of the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device of the present invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1 base

2 calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part

21 calcaneus intramedullary nail connecting part

3 grip part

4 calcaneus side guide part

41 calcaneus side guide hole

5 calcaneal tuberosity guide

51 arc-shaped guide piece

52 sliding member

521 calcaneal tuberosity guide hole

53 stop mechanism

531 rotating shaft

532 fixing nut

533 blocking part

6 abduction part

61 connecting end

62 fixed nut

7 calcaneus intramedullary nail body

71 calcaneus side locking hole

72 calcaneal tuberosity locking hole

8 tail cap

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 6. It should be understood that the structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings and described in the specification are only used for matching with the disclosure of the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, ratio relationship change, or size adjustment should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first aspect of the present invention provides a calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device, including a base 1, a calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion 2 and a holding portion 3 are disposed on the base 1, and further including a calcaneal side guiding portion 4 and a calcaneal tubercle guiding portion 5, a proximal end of the calcaneal side guiding portion 4 is connected to the base 1 through an extending portion 6, the calcaneal side guiding portion 4 includes a plurality of calcaneal side guiding holes 41, an extending direction of the calcaneal side guiding holes 41 is matched with a calcaneal side locking hole of a calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 to be connected to the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion 2, the calcaneal tubercle guiding portion 5 includes an arc-shaped guiding member 51 and a sliding member 52, a proximal end of the arc-shaped guiding member 51 is connected to the base, the sliding member 52 includes a calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521, and the sliding member 52 can drive the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 to rotate, And can slide along the extending direction of the arc-shaped guide piece 51, the extending direction of the calcaneal tubercle guide hole 521 is matched with the calcaneal tubercle locking hole of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 to be connected on the calcaneal intramedullary nail support part 2, and the sliding piece 52 is also provided with a stop mechanism 53 acting on the sliding piece 52. The calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention can be generally matched with a calcaneus intramedullary nail matched with the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device, and the specific structure of the calcaneus intramedullary nail can be seen in the following. As shown in fig. 6, when the guiding device is used, the calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device can detachably fix the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 on the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting part 2, rotate the sliding part 52 and adjust the position of the sliding part 52 on the arc-shaped guiding part 51, align the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 with the calcaneal tubercle locking hole 72, and make the insertion direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 guided by the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 consistent with the preset direction, align the calcaneal side guiding hole 41 with the calcaneal side locking hole 71, then push the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 into the nail channel through the holding part 3 and the base 1, insert the locking screw into the calcaneal side guiding hole 41, insert the locking screw inserted from the calcaneal side into the calcaneal side locking hole 71 through the calcaneal side guiding hole 41, penetrate the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, insert the locking screw into the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521, can will follow the locking screw that calcaneum tubercle orientation was put into through calcaneum tubercle guiding hole 521 and insert calcaneum tubercle locking hole 72 and run through calcaneum intramedullary nail body 7, after the locking screw is fixed to be accomplished, then can extract calcaneum intramedullary nail guider, after the garrulous bone is put into in the bone grafting holds the chamber, can hold the chamber through tail cap 8 with the bone grafting and seal, accomplish putting into of calcaneum intramedullary nail body 7.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, the near end of the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part 2 can be connected with the base 1, the far end of the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part 2 can comprise a calcaneus intramedullary nail connecting part 21, and the calcaneus intramedullary nail connecting part 21 is detachably connected with the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7. As described above, the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 corresponding to the calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device is generally a hollow cylinder extending in a straight line, the nail body insertion end (i.e. the other end detachably connected to the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion) can be zigzag so as to facilitate the insertion of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, and the shape of the other end (i.e. the guiding device connecting end) is generally matched with the calcaneal intramedullary nail connecting portion 21 of the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion 2, so that the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting portion 2 can be detachably connected, and the calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device can be sealed by the tail cap 8. For example, the calcaneal intramedullary nail support part 2 may be a cylinder extending linearly, the extending direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail support part 2 is matched with the implanting direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 (for example, the extending directions of the two parts may be the same), the calcaneal intramedullary nail connection part 21 (i.e., the tail end of the calcaneal intramedullary nail support part 2) may be sleeved with the guide device connection end of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, a protrusion may be provided on the outer wall of the calcaneal intramedullary nail connection part 21, and a groove may be provided on the inner wall of the guide device connection end of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, so as to ensure the fixation of the position of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 and avoid the rotation; for another example, the guiding device connecting end of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 may be provided with a thread matching with the tail cap 8, the tail cap 8 is usually a screw matching with the guiding device connecting end of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, and a fastening groove (e.g., a hexagonal fastening groove) may be provided on the nut cap thereof, so that the bone grafting accommodating cavity is closed by the tail cap 8 after the guiding device of the calcaneal intramedullary nail is extracted.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, the extension direction of the calcaneus side guiding part 4 can be matched with the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 (for example, the extension directions of the calcaneus side guiding part and the calcaneus side locking hole 71 can be consistent), so that the alignment of the calcaneus side guiding hole 41 on the calcaneus side guiding part 4 and the calcaneus side locking hole 71 is facilitated. The size and the extending direction of the calcaneus side guide hole 41 generally form a proper angle with the implanting direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7, so that a locking screw can be conveniently placed from the calcaneus side and can fix the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 through the calcaneus side locking hole 71, for example, the aperture of the calcaneus side guide hole 41 can be 3.4-3.6 mm, and the extending length can be 19-21 mm; for another example, the extension direction of the calcaneus side guide hole 41 is generally intersected with the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7, so as to ensure that the calcaneus side guide hole 41 can be aligned with the calcaneus side locking hole 71 on the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7; as another example, the angle between the extending direction of the calcaneus side guide hole 41 and the implanting direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 can be 89.5-90 degrees, preferably 89.8-90 degrees, so as to facilitate the guiding of the locking screw into the calcaneus side locking hole 71 in the operation. In addition, along the extending direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, a plurality of pairs (e.g., two or more pairs) of calcaneal side locking holes 71 are generally oppositely and uniformly disposed on the side wall thereof, so as to better fix the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, the near end of the calcaneus side guiding part 4 can be connected with the base 1 through the extending part 6, and the extending part 6 can usually ensure that the calcaneus side guiding part 4 keeps a proper distance with the calcaneus intramedullary nail supporting part 2 or the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7, so that the calcaneus side guiding part 4 can be positioned on the side of the calcaneus and the calcaneus side guiding hole 41 can point to the side of the calcaneus when the device is used. For example, when the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 is loaded on the calcaneus intramedullary nail support part 2, the distance between the calcaneus side guide hole 41 and the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 can be 4-6 cm; for another example, the abduction portion 6 and the calcaneus side guide portion 4 may be formed in an L shape as a whole, and both ends of the abduction portion 6 are connected to the calcaneus side guide portion 4 and the base 1, respectively; for another example, the abduction portion 6 may be a cylinder and may rotate along a central axis of the cylinder, so that the angle of the calcaneus lateral guide portion 4 may be properly adjusted by the abduction portion 6; for another example, the abduction portion 6 and the base 1 may be detachably connected, a screw thread may be disposed on a side wall of a connecting end of the abduction portion 6 and the base 1, a hole may be disposed on the base 1 to be matched with the connecting end of the abduction portion 6 and to penetrate the base 1, so that the connecting end 61 of the abduction portion 6 may be inserted from one side of the hole and extended from the other end, the abduction portion 6 may be fixed on the base 1 by a fixing nut 62 matched with the connecting end 61 of the abduction portion 6, and when necessary, the connecting end of the abduction portion 6 may be inserted from the other side of the hole, so that the patient may freely interchange for left and right foot operations in a lateral lying posture.

In the calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, as mentioned above, the sliding member 52 includes the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521, the sliding member 52 can drive the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 to rotate and can slide along the extending direction of the arc-shaped guiding member 51, the extending direction of the arc-shaped guiding member 51 generally needs to be matched with the implantation direction of the calcaneal tubercle and the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, and the opening direction of the arc is generally towards the calcaneal intramedullary nail supporting part 2, so that the sliding member 52 can be moved to a proper position when sliding along the arc-shaped guiding member 51, and the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 can be aligned with the calcaneal tubercle at a proper distance. For example, the implantation direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 is in the plane formed by the rotation of the calcaneal tuberosity guide hole 521, and the arc formed by the extension of the arc guide 51 can also be in the plane; for another example, when the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 is loaded on the calcaneal intramedullary nail support portion 2, the distance between the distal end of the arc-shaped guide 51 and the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 may be 3-10 cm; for another example, the size and the extending direction of the tuberosity guide hole 521 may be matched with the tuberosity locking hole of the calcaneus of the implanted intramedullary nail body 7, for example, the tuberosity locking hole 72 of the calcaneus needs to be in the extending direction of the tuberosity guide hole 521 of the calcaneus to ensure that the locking screw inserted through the tuberosity guide hole 521 of the calcaneus can be passed through the tuberosity locking hole 72 of the calcaneus; for another example, the calcaneal tuberosity guide hole 521 may have a diameter of 40mm to 50mm and a diameter of 3.4 mm to 3.6 mm.

In the calcaneal intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, the sliding part 52 can be further provided with a stop mechanism 53 acting on the sliding part 52, so that the sliding part 52 can drive the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 to rotate and can be fixed at a specific position on the arc-shaped guiding part 51 when sliding along the extension direction of the arc-shaped guiding part 51, and the calcaneal tubercle guiding hole 521 can be adjusted to a proper angle. For example, the arc-shaped guide 51 may include two parallel slide rails, the sliding member 52 may be located between the two slide rails, and the distance between the two slide rails matches with the size of the sliding member 52, so as to ensure that the two slide rails can clamp the sliding member 52. The stopping mechanism 53 may include a rotating shaft 531, a fixing nut 532 and a blocking portion 533, the sliding member 52 may include a through hole for passing through the rotating shaft 531, the rotating shaft 531 may pass through the sliding member 52 through the through hole and extend out of sliding grooves of two sliding rails at the same time, the rotating shaft 531 may slide along the extending direction of the arc-shaped guide 51 on the basis of keeping the central axis of the rotating shaft 531 perpendicular to the extending direction of the arc-shaped guide 51, the two ends of the rotating shaft 531 may be respectively provided with the blocking portion 533 and a thread engaged with the fixing nut 532, so that after the fixing nut 532 is screwed to the rotating shaft 531, the two sliding rails clamp the sliding member 52, and the sliding member 52 is fixed at a proper angle and position.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, a plane formed by the extension direction of the calcaneus side guiding hole 41 and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 and a plane formed by the calcaneus tubercle guiding hole 521 and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 are required to have proper included angles, so that the calcaneus side guiding hole 41 can be aligned with the calcaneus side, and the calcaneus tubercle guiding hole 521 can be aligned with the calcaneus tubercle, for example, the included angle between the plane formed by the extension direction of the calcaneus side guiding hole 41 and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 and the plane formed by the calcaneus tubercle guiding hole (521) and the implantation direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 can be 20-90 °.

In the intramedullary nail guiding device for calcaneus provided by the invention, the position and the shape of the holding part 3 can be adjusted for a person skilled in the art, for example, the supporting part 2 and the holding part 3 of the intramedullary nail for calcaneus are respectively arranged at two sides of the base, and the extending direction of the holding part 3 is matched with the implanting direction of the intramedullary nail body 7 (for example, the extending directions of the two parts can be consistent or coincident).

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention, the material of each component can be adjusted for the technicians in the field, for example, the holding part 3 can be made of rubber, and the rest parts can be made of titanium alloy.

As shown in fig. 5, a second aspect of the present invention provides a calcaneal intramedullary nail, including a calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 and a tail cap 8, where the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 includes a guide device connecting end and a nail body placing end, the guide device connecting end is matched with the tail cap 8, the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 includes an inner cavity, an extending direction of the inner cavity is consistent with an extending direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, two calcaneal tubercle locking holes 72 are oppositely disposed on a side wall of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, a length direction of the calcaneal tubercle locking holes 72 is consistent with the extending direction of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, a plurality of pairs of calcaneal side locking holes 71 are also relatively low disposed on the side wall of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7, and a distribution direction of the calcaneal side locking holes 71 is consistent with the extending direction of the intramedullary nail body 7. The inner cavity of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 is the bone graft receiving cavity as described above.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the invention, the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 generally extends linearly, is generally cylindrical, for example, preferably can be cylindrical, and has an extension length of 5-8 cm and a cross section diameter of 8-10 mm. The extending direction of the inner cavity in the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 is generally consistent with that of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 and extends to two ends, so that the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 can form a hollow cylinder, for example, the wall thickness of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 can be 1.9-2.1 mm.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the invention, the calcaneus side locking hole 71 can extend from the outer wall of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 to the inner cavity of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7. The oppositely disposed calcaneus side locking holes 71 may be generally symmetrically disposed about a central axis of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7, and as the oppositely disposed pair of calcaneus side locking holes 71, their connecting lines may be generally perpendicular to the central axis of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 and may intersect. The shape and size of the calcaneus side locking hole 71 are generally matched with the cross section of the locking screw, for example, the diameter of the calcaneus side locking hole 71 can be 3.4-3.6 mm.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the invention, the calcaneus tubercle locking hole 72 can extend from the outer wall of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7 to the inner cavity of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7. The opposed calcaneal tuberosity locking holes 72 may be generally symmetrically disposed about the central axis of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 as opposed pairs of calcaneal tuberosity locking holes 72 whose line may be generally perpendicular to the central axis of the calcaneal intramedullary nail body 7 and may intersect. The width of the tuberosity of the calcaneus locking hole 72 is generally matched with the diameter of the cross section of the locking screw, and the tuberosity of the calcaneus locking hole has a certain length in the extension direction of the intramedullary nail body 7, for example, the width of the tuberosity of the calcaneus locking hole 72 can be 3.4-3.6 mm, and the size in the length direction can be 40-50 mm.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the invention, generally speaking, the connecting line of the opposite calcaneus tuberosity locking hole 72 and the connecting line of the opposite calcaneus side locking hole 71 are in the cross section direction of the calcaneus intramedullary nail body 7, and the angle between the two can be 90 +/-0.2 degrees.

In the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the invention, the nail body insertion end can be usually zigzag, so that the calcaneus intramedullary nail can be more conveniently inserted. The connecting end of the guiding device is usually matched with the tail cap 8, so that the calcaneus intramedullary nail can be fixed and the bone grafting accommodating cavity is closed through the tail cap after the broken bone is placed in the bone grafting accommodating cavity, and the calcaneus intramedullary nail is placed. For example, the guide connection end may be a threaded connection with the tail cap 8.

As shown in fig. 2, a third aspect of the present invention provides a guide system for a calcaneus intramedullary nail, which comprises the guide device for a calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the first aspect of the present invention and the calcaneus intramedullary nail provided by the second aspect of the present invention.

The calcaneus intramedullary nail guiding device provided by the invention can adjust the position of a nail (namely, a locking screw which is inserted from the position of a calcaneus tubercle) in the vertical direction when the calcaneus intramedullary nail is inserted, not only can effectively improve the stabilization effect of fixation and adapt to different surgical patients, but also can accurately insert the locking screw through the guiding hole, and effectively saves the surgical time.

In conclusion, the present invention effectively overcomes various disadvantages of the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.