阅读说明：本技术 一种椎间孔镜穿刺皮点定位尺及皮点的定位方法 (Intervertebral foramen mirror puncture skin point positioning ruler and skin point positioning method ) 是由 游浩 于 2021-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及椎间孔镜手术中辅助器械技术领域,提出了一种椎间孔镜穿刺皮点定位尺及皮点的定位方法,包括具有两个相互垂直的定位边的定位件,所述定位边上设置有水平仪。通过上述技术方案,解决了相关技术中椎间孔镜穿刺时,寻找定位皮点受患者体位影响导致定位不准的问题。(The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary instruments in an intervertebral foramen mirror operation, and provides an intervertebral foramen mirror puncture skin point positioning ruler and a skin point positioning method. Through above-mentioned technical scheme, when having solved intervertebral foramen mirror puncture among the correlation technique, look for the location skin point and receive patient's position influence and lead to the inaccurate problem of location.)

1. The utility model provides a percutaneous site location chi is punctured to intervertebral foramen mirror, includes setting element (2) that have two mutually perpendicular's location limit (1), its characterized in that, be provided with spirit level (3) on location limit (1).

2. The percutaneous point locating ruler for transfixion of a foraminal endoscope according to claim 1, further comprising a marking mechanism (4) arranged on the locating piece (2), wherein the marking mechanism (4) comprises a guide hole (5) arranged at a right angle of the locating piece (2) and a locating bolt (6) arranged in the guide hole (5) in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the locating bolt (6) is 45 degrees with any locating edge (1).

3. The percutaneous point puncture positioning ruler for the thoracoscope according to claim 2, wherein two ends of the positioning bolt (6) are respectively provided with a stop (7), the two stops (7) are lapped on the guide hole (5) after sliding, and the stop (7) positioned on one side of the inner angle of the positioning piece (2) is used for propping against the skin of a human body after sliding.

4. A foraminal mirror puncture skin point ruler according to claim 1, wherein the positioning edges (1) are provided with graduations (8).

5. The percutaneous point locating ruler for transfixion of intervertebral foramen mirror according to claim 2, characterized in that one locating edge (1) is 10-14 cm long, the other locating edge (1) is 18-22 cm long, two gradienters (3) are respectively arranged on the two locating edges (1), the two gradienters (3) are both 5-7 cm long, and the locating bolt (6) is 6-8 cm long.

6. A foraminal mirror puncture skin point positioning ruler according to claim 5, wherein both the positioning edges (1) and the positioning pegs (6) are cylindrical.

7. The percutaneous point locating ruler for transfixion of intervertebral foramen mirror according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of two locating edges (1) is 1-1.5 cm, and the diameter of the locating bolt (6) is 0.3-0.5 cm.

8. A foraminal mirror puncture skin point positioning ruler according to claim 2, wherein both gradienters (3) are made of transparent plastic material.

9. A dermatome positioning method using the percutaneous puncture dermatome positioning ruler of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

a, the C-shaped arm performs perspective on the lateral clinostatism of the back of the patient, and the angle of the C-shaped arm is adjusted until the articular processes on both sides of the L5 are completely overlapped when the C-shaped arm is seen in perspective;

b: clinging a positioning edge (1) of the positioning piece (2) to the C-shaped arm intensifier, and reading data a in the level meter (3);

c: the positioning piece (2) is used to squeeze the narrowest part of the waist or the position 5-6 cm above the iliac crest of the patient to the front lower part, the waist part is basically attached to soft tissues to form the corner of the positioning piece,

d: looking up that the data of the level gauge of the positioning piece (3) is still a, pushing down the positioning bolt, and marking the mark by using gentian violet or a marker pen, wherein the force is that a mark is slightly left on the skin;

e: according to the puncture segment of the spinal column, the mark point is taken as a base point, and the mark point moves upwards, downwards, forwards or backwards correspondingly, so that the base point or the skin point of the puncture of the working channel of the operation segment is obtained.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary instruments in an intervertebral foramen mirror operation, in particular to an intervertebral foramen mirror puncture skin point positioning ruler and a skin point positioning method.

Background

At present, the minimally invasive spine surgery is developed very rapidly, the number of the surgeries under the intervertebral foramen endoscope is increased, in the prior art, a channel is established for intervertebral foramen endoscope puncture in various modes, the surgery body positions are prone position and supine position, however, no matter what technical mode and surgery body position are adopted, a puncture base point or a skin point needs to be determined after C-shaped arm perspective, and then the distance between the upper side and the lower side and the distance between the inner side and the outer side are adjusted by taking the point as the base point.

The most common method for determining the base point at present is that an operator searches for the puncture skin points by using the two palms or two rods for vertical extrusion, and a few operators also use grid positioning clapboards to position the puncture skin points, so that the positioning error on the lateral position of the lumbar vertebra is large, and the positioning error is mainly caused by several reasons, namely the influence of the physiological curve of the waist of the human body; secondly, the influence of obesity or deformity of the human body; the third is influenced by the fact that the grid positioning partition plate cannot be completely consistent with the imaging direction of the C-shaped arm after fluoroscopy, the fourth is that the T-type technology is used more, and the BEIS technology is limited in use.

In the prior art, after the patient is in the prone position or the lateral decubitus position in the operation body position, an operator often uses the double palms and other rod-shaped articles to extrude the soft tissue at the back and the side of the waist by means of C-arm imaging so as to find a puncture base point or a skin point, and the puncture base point is punctured or is moved up, down, inwards or outwards to adjust the puncture skin point of the corresponding section, so that the consistency of the position of the C-arm imaging, the position of the patient and the position of the double palms or the rod-shaped articles of the operator is ignored, and the deviation occurs when the puncture point is marked.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a puncture skin point positioning ruler for an intervertebral foramen mirror, which solves the problem that the puncture skin point is not accurately positioned when the intervertebral foramen mirror is punctured in the related technology.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a foraminiferous mirror puncture skin point location chi, is including the setting element that has two mutually perpendicular's location limit, be provided with the spirit level on the location limit.

As a further technical scheme, the positioning device further comprises a marking mechanism arranged on the positioning piece, wherein the marking mechanism comprises a guide hole arranged at a right angle of the positioning piece and a positioning bolt arranged in the guide hole in a sliding manner, and the sliding direction of the positioning bolt is 45 degrees with any positioning edge.

As a further technical scheme, two ends of the positioning bolt are respectively provided with a blocking head, the two blocking heads are lapped on the guide hole after sliding, and the blocking heads positioned on one side of the inner angle of the positioning piece are used for abutting against the skin of a human body after sliding.

As a further technical scheme, scales are arranged on the positioning edges.

As a further technical scheme, the length of one positioning edge is 10-14 cm, the length of the other positioning edge is 18-22 cm, the number of the gradienters is two, the gradienters are respectively positioned on the two positioning edges, the lengths of the two gradienters are both 5-7 cm, and the length of the positioning bolt is 6-8 cm.

As a further technical scheme, the two positioning edges and the positioning bolt are both cylindrical.

As a further technical scheme, the diameter of the two positioning edges is 1-1.5 cm, and the diameter of the positioning bolt is 0.3-0.5 cm.

As a further technical scheme, the two gradienters are both made of transparent plastic materials.

The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

in the invention, when skin points are positioned, the angle of the C-shaped arm, the body position of a patient, the rotation of the spine and the position of an operating bed need to be considered at the same time, in order to enable the perspective radiography of the C-shaped arm to be more accurate, the patient needs to lie on the side or lie prone to the operating bed in a standard way, but in the actual clinical operation, because the patient is difficult to be required to be in the standard position on the side or lie prone, and an operator uses other articles such as double palms or rods to push and then carries out rough estimation, deviation or inaccuracy occurs when the puncture base points or the skin points are marked, further, repeated puncture is caused, and unnecessary injury is caused to the patient.

In order to overcome the influence of factors such as the body position of a patient on finding a positioning base point or a skin point, the method for positioning the skin point comprises the steps of adjusting the angle of a C-shaped arm to adapt to the body position of the human body, enabling the human body to be accurately imaged, arranging a gradienter on the positioning edge of a positioning piece, enabling the positioning piece to be firstly attached to a C-shaped arm intensifier at an imaging position before being used, accurately recording the angle of the C-shaped arm intensifier, taking a lateral recumbent position as an example, enabling the C-shaped arm to be accurately imaged on two sides of L5 to overlap articular processes, clamping the C-shaped arm angle measured by the gradienter on the body of the patient, positioning the base point or the skin point, keeping the numerical value of the gradienter to be the same as that of the C-shaped arm, and extending the angle of the C-shaped arm on the body surface of the patient at the moment, so that the skin point is prevented from being positioned due to the influence of the body position or the body material of the patient and other factors. Especially, the positioning device can play a good positioning role in the vertebral column torsion which is easy to occur to the old.

In actual operation, the operation steps of the patient in the lateral decubitus position and the prone position are the same, and are as follows:

a, the C-shaped arm performs perspective on the lateral clinostatism of the back of the patient, and the angle of the C-shaped arm is adjusted until the articular processes on both sides of the L5 are completely overlapped when the C-shaped arm is seen in perspective;

b: one positioning edge of the positioning piece is tightly attached to the C-shaped arm intensifier, and data a in the level meter is read;

c: the positioning piece is used to squeeze the narrowest part of the waist or the position 5-6 cm above the iliac crest of the patient to the front lower part, the waist part is basically jointed with the soft tissue to cause the corner of the positioning piece,

d: looking up that the data of the positioning piece level meter is still a, pushing down the positioning bolt, and marking the mark on the skin by using gentian violet or a marker pen, wherein the force is a little bit of mark left on the skin;

e: according to the puncture segment of the spinal column, the mark point is taken as a base point, and the mark point moves upwards, downwards, forwards or backwards correspondingly, so that the base point or the skin point of the puncture of the working channel of the operation segment is obtained.

Wherein the soft assembly at the waist part in the step C is almost filled with the right-angle clearance of the positioning piece.

When the most common surgical site L4/5 is used in the step E, the moving distance is not needed, and the marking point is the skin puncturing point. If the operation site is other site, the point can be used as the base point to move up and down and adjust the operation site.

The gradienters can be two and are respectively arranged on the two positioning edges, so that a doctor using the positioning piece can more conveniently use the positioning piece.

The locating ruler for the puncture skin point of the thoracoscope has the advantages of strong practicability and operability, safety, reliability, convenience in operation by hand, no harm to a human body due to the fact that materials can be sterilized at high temperature and high pressure, and the locating piece is accurate.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention with a positioning pin;

FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a guide hole in a positioning member;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a positioning edge, 2, a positioning piece, 3, a level meter, 4, a marking mechanism, 5, a guide hole, 6, a positioning bolt, 7, a stop head, 8 and scales.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment proposes

The utility model provides a percutaneous point location chi is punctured to intervertebral foramen mirror, includes the setting element 2 that has two mutually perpendicular's location limit 1, be provided with spirit level 3 on the location limit 1.

In the invention, when skin points are positioned, the angle of the C-shaped arm, the body position of a patient, the rotation of the spine and the position of an operating bed need to be considered at the same time, in order to enable the perspective radiography of the C-shaped arm to be more accurate, the patient needs to lie on the side or lie prone to the operating bed in a standard way, but in the actual clinical operation, because the patient is difficult to be required to be in the standard position on the side or lie prone, and an operator uses other articles such as double palms or rods to push and then carries out rough estimation, deviation or inaccuracy occurs when the puncture base points or the skin points are marked, further, repeated puncture is caused, and unnecessary injury is caused to the patient.

In order to overcome the influence of factors such as the body position of a patient on finding a positioning base point or a skin point, the method for positioning the skin point comprises the steps of adjusting the angle of a C-shaped arm to adapt to the body position of the human body, enabling the human body to be accurately imaged, arranging a level meter 3 on a positioning edge 1 of a positioning piece 2, enabling the positioning piece 2 to be tightly attached to a C-shaped arm intensifier at an imaging position before being used, accurately recording the angle of the C-shaped arm intensifier, taking a lateral recumbent position as an example, enabling the C-shaped arm to be accurately imaged on two sides of L5 to overlap articular processes, clamping the C-shaped arm angle measured by the level meter 3 on the body of the patient, positioning the base point or the skin point, keeping the numerical value of the level meter 3 to be the same as that of the C-shaped arm, and extending the angle of the C-shaped arm on the body surface of the patient at the moment, so that the skin point is positioned due to the influence of the body position or the body shape of the patient and other factors is avoided. Especially, the positioning device can play a good positioning role in the vertebral column torsion which is easy to occur to the old.

In actual operation, the operation steps of the patient in the lateral decubitus position and the prone position are the same, and are as follows:

a, the C-shaped arm performs perspective on the lateral clinostatism of the back of the patient, and the angle of the C-shaped arm is adjusted until the articular processes on both sides of the L5 are completely overlapped when the C-shaped arm is seen in perspective;

b: one positioning edge 1 of the positioning piece 2 is tightly attached to the C-shaped arm intensifier, and data a in the level meter 3 is read;

c: the positioning piece 2 is used to squeeze the narrowest part of the waist or the position 5-6 cm above the iliac crest of the patient to the front lower part, the waist part is basically attached to the soft tissue to cause the corner of the positioning piece 2,

d: looking up that the data of the level meter 3 of the positioning piece 2 is still a, pushing down the positioning bolt 6, and marking the mark by using gentian violet or a marker pen, wherein the force is that a mark is slightly left on the skin;

e: according to the puncture segment of the spinal column, the mark point is taken as a base point, and the mark point moves upwards, downwards, forwards or backwards correspondingly, so that the base point or the skin point of the puncture of the working channel of the operation segment is obtained.

Wherein the soft waist component in step C almost fills the right angle gap of the spacer 2.

When the most common surgical site L4/5 is used in the step E, the moving distance is not needed, and the marking point is the skin puncturing point. If the operation site is other site, the point can be used as the base point to move up and down and adjust the operation site.

The level apparatus 3 can be two, set up respectively on two location limit 1, and the doctor that uses setting element 2 like this can be more convenient.

The locating ruler for the puncture skin point of the thoracoscope has the advantages of strong practicability and operability, safety, reliability, convenience in operation by hand, no harm to a human body due to the fact that materials can be sterilized at high temperature and high pressure, and the locating part 2 is accurate.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present embodiment provides a percutaneous puncture site positioning ruler for a foraminous endoscope carrying a marking structure, relative to embodiment 1, and on the basis of embodiment 1, the positioning ruler further comprises a marking mechanism 4 disposed on the positioning member 2, the marking mechanism 4 comprises a guide hole 5 disposed at a right angle of the positioning member 2, and a positioning bolt 6 slidably disposed in the guide hole 5, and a sliding direction of the positioning bolt 6 is 45 ° with respect to any positioning edge 1.

In this embodiment, leave the more convenience of trace on the patient health, slide in guiding hole 5 through gim peg 6, gim peg 6 is raised when the soft subassembly of locator 2 extrusion waist, when the soft subassembly is almost full of the right angle clearance of locator piece 2, can push down gim peg 6, leaves trace, convenient to use on one's body at the patient.

Furthermore, two ends of the positioning bolt 6 are respectively provided with a stopper 7, the two stoppers 7 are lapped on the guide hole 5 after sliding, and the stopper 7 positioned on one side of the inner angle of the positioning piece 2 is used for propping against the skin of a human body after sliding.

In the embodiment, in order to prevent the loss of the positioning bolt 6, the blocking heads 7 are arranged on two sides, the blocking heads 7 can be conical, marks can be left on a human body more easily, and the edges of the conical blocking heads can be provided with round corners, so that the skin of the human body can not be pricked to cause great pain.

Further, the two positioning edges 1 are provided with scales 8.

In this embodiment, the scale 8 is used for reference to assist in determining whether the skin point position is appropriate.

Further, one length of the positioning edge 1 is 10-14 cm, the other length of the positioning edge 1 is 18-22 cm, the two gradienters 3 are respectively positioned on the two positioning edges 1, the lengths of the two gradienters 3 are both 5-7 cm, and the length of the positioning bolt 6 is 6-8 cm. The optimal lengths of the two positioning edges 1 are respectively 13cm and 21cm, the optimal length of the level meter is 5cm, and the optimal length of the positioning bolt is 8 cm.

In this embodiment, through the length difference with two location limit 1, can correspond the use of lateral position and prone position respectively, when the prone position, long location limit 1 is close the level and sets up, and when the lateral position, long location limit 1 is close vertical arrangement, and long location limit 1 corresponds the back direction of patient all the time that is exactly.

Further, the two positioning edges 1 and the positioning bolt 6 are both cylindrical.

In this embodiment, the cylinder is more skin-friendly.

Furthermore, the diameter of the two positioning edges 1 is 1-1.5 cm, and the diameter of the positioning bolt 6 is 0.3-0.5 cm.

In this embodiment, the optimal diameter of the positioning edge 1 is 1cm, and the optimal diameter of the positioning bolt 6 is 0.3 cm.

Further, the two gradienters 3 are both made of transparent plastic materials. In this embodiment, transparent material makes things convenient for the reading of spirit level 3 more, and further, setting element 2 can adopt aluminum alloy, stainless steel or transparent macromolecular material to make, and is difficult damaged, and is durable, but high temperature high pressure disinfection.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.