阅读说明：本技术 一种醋红景天及其炮制工艺和应用 (Vinegar rhodiola rosea and processing technology and application thereof ) 是由 张青 崔家泉 陈明霞 蔡仲希 岳玉荣 易斌 韩雅慧 于 2021-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种醋红景天及其炮制工艺和应用,涉及中医药领域,炮制工艺具体为：取净红景天片进行炒制,炒制的同时喷淋醋液,炒干后冷却过筛,制得醋红景天,同时还公开了其在固体植物饮品上的应用。该发明是通过在红景天炒制时进行喷淋醋液,首先由于醋液具有引药入肝的功效,更利于红景天中有效成分的溶出,另外,由于红景天苷具有很强的耐氧性能,将其制备成固体植物饮品,有效预防和改善高原地区旅游人群的高原反应。(The invention discloses vinegar rhodiola rosea and a processing technology and application thereof, relating to the field of traditional Chinese medicine, wherein the processing technology specifically comprises the following steps: parching radix Rhodiolae slices while spraying vinegar, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae, and its application in solid plant beverage are also disclosed. The vinegar liquid is sprayed when the rhodiola rosea is fried, firstly, the vinegar liquid has the efficacy of guiding the medicine into the liver, so that the dissolution of the effective components in the rhodiola rosea is more facilitated, and in addition, the salidroside has strong oxygen resistance, so that the salidroside is prepared into a solid plant beverage, and the altitude reaction of tourists in plateau areas is effectively prevented and improved.)

1. A vinegar-processed rhodiola rosea processing technology is characterized in that a clean rhodiola rosea slice is fried, vinegar liquid is sprayed while the pure rhodiola rosea slice is fried, and the vinegar-processed rhodiola rosea is prepared by cooling and sieving after the pure rhodiola rosea slice is fried to be dry.

2. The vinegar-processed rhodiola rosea processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the acetic acid concentration of the vinegar liquid is 20-30 g/L.

3. The vinegar-processed rhodiola rosea processing technology according to claim 1, wherein 10-20kg of vinegar is sprayed per 100kg of rhodiola rosea slices.

4. The vinegar-processed rhodiola rosea processing technology according to claim 1, wherein the stir-frying temperature is 80-120 ℃.

5. Vinegar rhodiola rosea, which is characterized by being prepared by the processing technology of any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The use of acerola rhodiola as claimed in claim 5 in the preparation of a solid plant drink, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and crushing vinegar rhodiola rosea to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent into the coarse powder for soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, putting the treated powder into a high-pressure container, carrying out pressure maintaining under high pressure, recovering normal pressure after pressure maintaining, carrying out high-speed centrifugation, taking filtrate, and carrying out reduced pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain a vinegar rhodiola rosea extract;

step two: uniformly mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and a flavoring agent, and spray-drying to obtain extract powder;

step three: and D, granulating the extract powder in the step two by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

7. The use of vinegar rhodiola rosea for preparing solid plant beverage according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, the pressure of the high pressure is 200-500MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 5-15 min.

8. The use of acerola rhodiola root in preparing solid plant beverage as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the first step, the extraction solvent is ethanol solution containing eutectic solvent.

9. The use of acerola rhodiola as claimed in claim 8 in preparing solid plant beverage, wherein said eutectic solvent is formed by combining hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor.

10. The use of acerola rhodiola root in preparing a solid plant beverage according to claim 6, wherein the flavoring agent is sorbitol and/or mannitol.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to a vinegar rhodiola rosea processing technology and application thereof.

Background

The radix Rhodiolae is dry root and rhizome of rhodiola crenulata belonging to family Crassulaceae. In autumn, the flower stems are withered, picked and dug, the rough skin is removed, cleaned and dried in the sun. The functional indications are as follows: tonify qi, activate blood, dredge vessels and relieve dyspnea. Can be used for treating qi deficiency, blood stasis, thoracic obstruction, cardiodynia, apoplexy, hemiplegia, listlessness, and asthma.

The application of rhodiola has a long history, and the record of Shen nong Ben Cao Jing records that the rhodiola is superior, nontoxic, does not hurt people after being taken for a long time, and has the efficacy of reducing weight and tonifying qi. The Tibetan medicine recorded in the four medical classics records that the traditional Chinese medicine has mild nature and astringent taste, is good at moistening lung, can tonify kidney, regulate qi and nourish blood, and is mainly used for treating symptoms such as tiredness, chest distress, nausea, weakness and the like. The records in the Ming Li Shizhen Ben Cao gang mu of the Ming Li Shi Zhen, that is, the Jingtian and the Shang Yi, are sweet, astringent, cold and nontoxic, and have the efficacies of eliminating evil and tonifying deficiency. The chemical components of rhodiola mainly include polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, etc. Modern researches show that rhodiola rosea has pharmacological effects of enhancing immunity, resisting anoxia, resisting oxidation, resisting cold and the like. Wherein the unique structure and the obvious biological activity of the salidroside are concerned by people,

the structural formula of salidroside is:

however, it is a problem to be studied how to make the active ingredient more effective or easier to perform.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a vinegar rhodiola rosea and a processing process and application thereof.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a processing method of vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae comprises parching radix Rhodiolae slices, spraying vinegar solution while parching, parching to dry, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Preferably, the acetic acid concentration of the vinegar liquid is 20-30 g/L.

Preferably, 10-20kg of vinegar solution is sprayed on each 100kg of rhodiola rosea tablets.

Preferably, the frying temperature is 80-120 ℃.

The invention also discloses a vinegar rhodiola rosea prepared by adopting the processing technology.

The invention also discloses an application of the rhodiola acervulina in preparing the solid plant beverage, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and crushing vinegar rhodiola rosea to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent into the coarse powder for soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, putting the treated powder into a high-pressure container, carrying out pressure maintaining under high pressure, recovering to normal pressure after pressure maintaining is finished, carrying out high-speed centrifugation, taking filtrate, and carrying out reduced pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain a vinegar rhodiola rosea extract;

step two: uniformly mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and a flavoring agent, and spray-drying to obtain extract powder;

step three: and D, granulating the extract powder in the step two by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Preferably, in the first step, the pressure of the high pressure is 200-500Mpa, and the pressure holding time is 5-15 min.

Preferably, in the first step, the extraction solvent is an ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent.

Preferably, the eutectic solvent is formed by combining a hydrogen bond acceptor and a hydrogen bond donor; wherein the hydrogen bond acceptor is tetraethylammonium chloride; the hydrogen bond donor is xylitol or glucose.

Preferably, the flavoring agent is sorbitol and/or mannitol.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the vinegar rhodiola rosea is prepared by the main components of vinegar, such as acetic acid, vitamin, ash, succinic acid, oxalic acid sorbitol and the like, is sour and bitter in taste and warm in nature, and has the effects of guiding medicine into the liver, regulating qi, stopping bleeding, promoting diuresis, reducing swelling and detoxifying. Alkaloid with analgesic and sedative effects in rhodiola rosea exists in medicinal materials in a free form and is insoluble in water, so that after being roasted with vinegar, acetate which is soluble in water is easily generated by combining with acetic acid during decoction, namely, the alkaloid is easily dissolved to increase the content of alkaloid, and the analgesic effect is obviously increased.

(2) The application of the vinegar rhodiola rosea in preparing the plant beverage comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic soaking on the vinegar rhodiola rosea, and then carrying out purification under high pressure, wherein on one hand, the ultrasonic soaking can soften raw material tissues as soon as possible, the high pressure is only carried out at normal temperature, the inactivation of active substances in the vinegar rhodiola rosea and the volatilization of volatile oil caused by high temperature are avoided, on the other hand, the high pressure can enable a purification solvent to rapidly enter the interior of the vinegar rhodiola rosea solid particles to dissolve the active ingredients of the vinegar rhodiola rosea in time, meanwhile, under the action of the high pressure, structures of cell walls, cell membranes, intracellular fluid and the like of cells are changed, intracellular solutes and the extraction solvent can be fully contacted, so that the effect of rapid and efficient extraction is achieved, the high pressure can affect non-covalent bonds (hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic bonds) and has little influence on the covalent bonds, therefore, the biological macromolecule component can be denatured without influencing the structure of micromolecule substances such as glycosides, and the high pressure can denature proteins, inactivate enzymes, kill microorganisms and the like without destroying the physiological activity of the micromolecule active ingredients in the medicine, thereby achieving the purpose of extraction.

(3) The rhodiola acearum is prepared into the solid plant beverage because the salidroside has strong oxygen resistance, so that the plateau reaction of tourists in plateau regions is effectively prevented and improved.

(4) The application of the rhodiola acervulina in preparing the solid plant beverage adopts the extraction solvent containing the eutectic solvent, and because the eutectic solvent can precipitate partial components such as tannin, fat, protein, polysaccharide colloid and the like, macromolecular substances are reduced from entering the extraction solution, and therefore, the extraction rate of the salidroside can be improved.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with specific examples.

Example 1

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, spraying 0.1g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 20g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying vinegar rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 4 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and xylitol in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder for soaking, performing ultrasonic treatment while soaking, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, maintaining the pressure for 8min at the high pressure of 255Mpa, relieving the pressure to the normal pressure, performing high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3000rpm, taking filtrate, and performing reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:20:7, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Example 2

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 90 deg.C, spraying 0.2g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 20g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying vinegar rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing 3 wt% of eutectic solvent, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and xylitol in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder, soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the same time, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, keeping the pressure for 7min at the high pressure of 275MPa, relieving the pressure to normal pressure, carrying out high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3500rpm, taking filtrate, and carrying out reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:15:4, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Example 3

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 100 deg.C, spraying 0.1g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 30g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying vinegar rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 4 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and xylitol in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder, soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the same time, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, keeping the pressure for 5min at the high pressure of 285Mpa, relieving the pressure to the normal pressure, carrying out high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3200rpm, taking filtrate, and carrying out reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:17:6, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Example 4

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, spraying 0.15g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 30g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying vinegar rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 4 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and glucose in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder, soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment at the same time, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, keeping the pressure for 4min under the high pressure of 355Mpa, relieving the pressure to normal pressure, carrying out high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3100rpm, taking filtrate, and carrying out reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:19:6, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Example 5

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, spraying 0.1g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 25g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying vinegar rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 3 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and glucose in a mass ratio of 1: 2) into the coarse powder for soaking, carrying out ultrasonic treatment while soaking, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, keeping the pressure for 2min at the high pressure of 455Mpa, relieving the pressure to the normal pressure, carrying out high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3600rpm, taking a filtrate, and carrying out reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:19:4, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (No spray Vinegar)

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain radix Rhodiolae.

Drying rhodiola rosea, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 4 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and glucose in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder for soaking, performing ultrasonic treatment while soaking, placing the soaked coarse powder into a high-pressure container after treatment, maintaining the pressure for 5min at the high pressure of 255Mpa, relieving the pressure to the normal pressure, performing high-speed centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3000rpm, taking filtrate, and performing reduced-pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain a vinegar rhodiola rosea extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:20:7, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

Comparative example 2 (without eutectic solvent)

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, spraying 0.1g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 3g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Drying rhodiola sacra, then crushing to 50 meshes to obtain coarse powder, adding an extraction solvent (ethanol solution containing a eutectic solvent accounting for 4 wt% of the total weight, wherein the eutectic solvent is tetraethylammonium chloride and glucose in a mass ratio of 1: 1) into the coarse powder for soaking, performing ultrasonic treatment while soaking, performing high-speed centrifugation at a rotating speed of 3000rpm, taking filtrate, and performing reduced pressure evaporation and concentration to obtain a rhodiola sacra extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:20:7, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 (without hyperbaric pressure)

Parching 1kg clean radix Rhodiolae slice at 80 deg.C, spraying 0.1g vinegar solution with acetic acid concentration of 3g/L, parching, cooling, and sieving to obtain vinegar-processed radix Rhodiolae.

Oven drying radix Rhodiolae, pulverizing to 50 mesh to obtain coarse powder, soaking in ethanol solution, ultrasonic treating, placing into a high pressure container, maintaining pressure at 255Mpa for 5min, releasing pressure to normal pressure, centrifuging at 3000rpm, collecting filtrate, and concentrating by evaporation under reduced pressure to obtain radix Rhodiolae extract; mixing the vinegar rhodiola rosea extract, maltodextrin and mannitol according to the mass ratio of 30:20:7, uniformly mixing, spray drying to obtain extract powder, granulating the extract powder by a dry method, and sieving and grading to obtain the solid plant beverage.

The content of salidroside in the crude rhodiola rosea extracts of the above examples and comparative examples was determined, specifically by high performance liquid chromatography, and the extraction rate was calculated.

The test values are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 test values of examples and comparative examples

Test specimen	Extraction ratio of Salidroside (%)
		Example 1	84.2
Example 2	84.5
		Example 3	84.3
Example 4	84.1
		Example 5	84.3
Comparative example 1	75.2
		Comparative example 2	76.1
Comparative example 3	54.1

As can be seen from Table 1, the salidroside extract in the examples is higher than that in the comparative examples, the main reason is probably as follows, and the analysis of the comparative example 1 shows that free substances in the medicinal materials can be combined in the vinegar liquid to generate an acetate form which is easy to dissolve in water, thus being beneficial to the dissolution of active substances; analysis of the comparative example 2 shows that the purification solvent containing the eutectic solvent can precipitate part of macromolecular components such as tannin, fat, protein, polysaccharide colloid and the like, and the salidroside belongs to a small molecular substance, so that the eutectic solvent can precipitate the macromolecular substances, reduce the macromolecular substances entering an extract, reduce the component interference on the salidroside, improve the extraction rate of the salidroside and improve the moderate feeling of the solid beverage; analysis of the comparison ratio 3 shows that the vinegar rhodiola rosea is ultrasonically soaked firstly and then purified under high pressure, on one hand, the ultrasonic soaking can soften the raw material tissue as soon as possible, the high pressure is only needed to be carried out at normal temperature, the inactivation of active substances and the volatilization of volatile oil in the vinegar rhodiola rosea caused by high temperature are avoided, on the other hand, the high pressure can enable the purification solvent to rapidly enter the interior of the vinegar rhodiola rosea solid particles to dissolve the active ingredients in time, meanwhile, under the action of the high pressure, the structures of cell walls, cell membranes, intracellular fluid and the like of cells are changed, the intracellular solution and the extraction solvent can be fully contacted, so that the effect of rapid and efficient extraction is achieved, the high pressure can affect non-covalent bonds (hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds and hydrophobic bonds), the influence on the covalent bonds is small, and the biological macromolecular components can be denatured, the structure of micromolecule substances (saponin, flavone, alkaloid and volatile oil) is not influenced, so that the high pressure can denature proteins, inactivate enzymes, kill microorganisms and the like without destroying the physiological activity of micromolecule active ingredients in the medicine, and the aim of extraction can be achieved.

The solid plant beverages of example 2 and the comparative example were simultaneously subjected to an oxygen tolerance test, specifically: taking 40 mice with the weight of 20.0 +/-2 g, dividing the mice into 4 groups randomly, orally administering solid plant beverage (5g of the solid plant beverage is dissolved in 100ml of warm water) to the mice for one month, carrying out an atmospheric hypoxia tolerance experiment, carrying out the homogeneity test of variance on the survival time in the measured atmospheric hypoxia tolerance experiment to meet the requirement of homogeneity of variance, and carrying out statistical treatment by a pairwise comparison method of mean numbers between a plurality of experimental groups and a control group in a single-factor variance analysis method. The tests are shown in Table 2. The blank control group is an experimental group which does not drink the solid plant beverage.

TABLE 2 test results of oxygen resistance experiments

Style(s)	Animal number (only)	Survival time (minutes)	P value
				Blank control group	10	35.22±4.22	-
Example 2	10	41.21±4.30	0.031
				Comparative example 1	10	38.45±3.67	0.042
Comparative example 2	10	39.45±3.67	0.048
				Comparative example 3	10	37.45±3.67	0.047

As can be seen from table 2, in the mouse normal pressure hypoxia tolerance experiment, the survival time of example 2 is longest, and the difference has statistical significance (P is less than 0.05), on one hand, the content of salidroside in the example is mainly higher than that in the comparative example, on the other hand, vinegar has the efficacy of introducing the drug into the liver, which is beneficial to the exertion of the drug effect, and the superior oxygen resistance of salidroside is combined, so that the drug effect exertion capability of salidroside in vivo can be effectively improved, and the vinegar has a good effect on preventing and improving the plateau reaction of tourist population in plateau areas.

Meanwhile, the solid plant beverage in example 2 and comparative example 1 is subjected to rat tail tip tenderness experiment observation, specifically, 40 rats weighing 180 +/-2 g are randomly divided into two groups by 20 males and females respectively, the rat tail tips are pressed, then the solid plant beverage (5g of the solid plant beverage is dissolved in 100ml of warm water) is orally taken, and the rat tail wriggling state is observed within 5 min. See table 3.

TABLE 3 rat caudal apex tenderness experiment observation results

Test specimen	Rat tail wriggling state
		Example 2	The 20 rats have less twisting times
Comparative example 1	Frequent wriggling of 20 rats

The results show that the rats (20) in example 2 have less writhing, and the rats (20) in comparative example 1 have frequent writhing, probably because the alkaloid with analgesic and sedative effects in rhodiola rosea in example 2 exists in the medicinal material in a free form and is insoluble in water, so that after vinegar roasting, the alkaloid is easily combined with acetic acid to generate acetate which is easily soluble in water during decoction, namely, the alkaloid is easily dissolved to increase the content, and therefore, the analgesic effect is obviously increased.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to carry out the same, and the present invention shall not be limited to the embodiments, i.e. the equivalent changes or modifications made within the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.