阅读说明：本技术 一种金刚石刀切削装置及切削方法 (Diamond cutter cutting device and cutting method ) 是由 张鑫泉 陈灶灶 王震东 朱利民 任明俊 于 2021-08-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金刚石刀切削装置,包括：测角仪、第一定位平台、第二定位平台、刀架、连接件、固定夹具、滑环、电刷和金刚石刀具；其中,所述滑环被配置为与数控机床的B轴平台刚性连接且所述滑环的轴线与所述B轴平台的轴线重合；所述电刷与所述滑环接触,所述固定夹具和所述第二定位平台通过螺丝与所述滑环的上表面刚性连接,所述连接件将所述第一定位平台和所述测角仪连接,所述测角仪连接至所述固定夹具,所述刀架连接至所述第一定位平台,所述金刚石刀具设置在所述刀架上。本发明还提供了一种使用方法。本发明大大提供高了在辊筒模具表面加工菲涅尔透镜微结构的效率。(The invention discloses a diamond cutter cutting device, comprising: the device comprises an angle gauge, a first positioning platform, a second positioning platform, a tool rest, a connecting piece, a fixing clamp, a slip ring, an electric brush and a diamond cutter; wherein the slip ring is configured to be rigidly connected with a B-axis platform of a numerically-controlled machine tool and the axis of the slip ring is coincident with the axis of the B-axis platform; the electric brush is in contact with the slip ring, the fixed clamp and the second positioning platform are rigidly connected with the upper surface of the slip ring through screws, the first positioning platform and the goniometer are connected through the connecting piece, the goniometer is connected to the fixed clamp, the tool rest is connected to the first positioning platform, and the diamond tool is arranged on the tool rest. The invention also provides a using method. The invention greatly improves the efficiency of processing the Fresnel lens microstructure on the surface of the roller die.)

1. A diamond tool cutting device, comprising: the device comprises an angle gauge, a first positioning platform, a second positioning platform, a tool rest, a connecting piece, a fixing clamp, a slip ring, an electric brush and a diamond cutter; wherein the slip ring is configured to be rigidly connected with a B-axis platform of a numerically-controlled machine tool and the axis of the slip ring is coincident with the axis of the B-axis platform; the electric brush is in contact with the slip ring, the fixed clamp and the second positioning platform are rigidly connected with the upper surface of the slip ring through screws, the first positioning platform and the goniometer are connected through the connecting piece, the goniometer is connected to the fixed clamp, the tool rest is connected to the first positioning platform, and the diamond tool is arranged on the tool rest.

2. The diamond-cutter cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning table and the second positioning table are of a ball screw structure and are configured to be movable on planes perpendicular to a spindle axis and a B-axis of the numerically controlled machine tool, respectively.

3. The diamond-tipped cutting device of claim 1, wherein the goniometer is driven by a dc motor and a worm gear.

4. A diamond tool cutting device according to claim 3, wherein the goniometer has a stroke of ± 45 °, an absolute motion accuracy of ± 0.025 °, a maximum motion speed of 20 °/s, and a minimum motion increment of 0.0005 °.

5. A method of using the diamond-tipped cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: according to the processing requirements of workpieces, mounting the diamond cutter cutting device at a preset position of a B-axis platform of the numerical control machine tool;

step two: adjusting the position of a tool tip point of the diamond tool cutting device;

step three: installing trial cutting pieces and finishing tool setting;

step four: and operating the machining program to finish the machining of the workpiece.

6. The use of claim 5, wherein in step two, the position of the point of the blade tip is detected by setting a microscope.

7. The method of use of claim 6, wherein step two further comprises: the first positioning platform of the diamond cutter cutting device is adjusted to enable the cutter point to fall into the axis position of the goniometer of the diamond cutter cutting device, and the second positioning platform of the diamond cutter cutting device is adjusted to enable the cutter point to fall into the axis position of the B-axis platform.

8. The method of use of claim 5, wherein step three comprises:

moving a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool to enable the tool nose point to be located near the axis of the main shaft;

installing a trial cutting piece, completing rounding, adjusting dynamic balance, and obtaining the position deviation of the tool point and the axis of the main shaft through trial cutting;

and converting a coordinate system on the numerical control machine tool.

9. The method of use of claim 5, wherein said step four further comprises: the processing is monitored using a microscope disposed near the processing region.

10. The method of use of claim 5, further comprising: and after the machining is finished, the diamond cutter cutting device is detached from the numerical control machine tool.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of precision machining, in particular to a diamond cutter cutting device and a diamond cutter cutting method.

Background

Fresnel lenses are an important optical element, and are widely used in the optical field, such as concentrating photovoltaic power generation, passive infrared detection sensors, LED packages, wide-angle projectors, and the like. Injection molding is the main technology of mass production of Fresnel lenses at present, and the used mold is mainly machined by an ultra-precise diamond cutter.

Roll-to-roll imprinting is an advanced continuous fabrication technique that can process high quality micro/nano surface structures on thin films at low cost and high efficiency compared to conventional fabrication processes, such as injection molding. The roller-to-roller imprinting is realized by contacting a plastic film with a roller mold carved with a microstructure and combining an ultraviolet curing or hot embossing technology, so that the required microstructure is processed on the surface of the film. Similar to sand cores used in injection molding, roller molds are key elements in roll-to-roll imprinting, and the microstructures on the mold surface can be replicated on the surface of a plastic film by using the roller molds. Because the requirement on the precision of the microstructure on the roller die is very high, the ultra-precision machining technology is generally utilized to directly machine the microstructure metal roller die at present. However, since the tool direction is not changed in the general ultra-precise diamond turning process, it is only able to machine axially symmetric microstructures such as a right triangular prism, a lenticular lens, a linear fresnel lens, etc. on a roller mold, and is not able to machine nonlinear grooves (such as a radial/elliptical fresnel lens, etc.). Fig. 1 shows the principle that a general ultra-precise diamond turning machine cannot machine a radial fresnel lens microstructure on a roller die. The portion of the M region in the figure represents material that cannot be removed because the tool orientation is unchanged.

Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to develop a diamond cutter cutting device and a using method thereof, which can precisely adjust the angle of the cutter, so that the side edge of the diamond cutter can be used to replace the round edge of the cutter for processing, and the efficiency of processing the fresnel lens microstructure on the surface of the roller die is greatly improved.

Disclosure of Invention

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a diamond cutter cutting device comprising: the device comprises an angle gauge, a first positioning platform, a second positioning platform, a tool rest, a connecting piece, a fixing clamp, a slip ring, an electric brush and a diamond cutter; wherein the slip ring is configured to be rigidly connected with a B-axis platform of a numerically-controlled machine tool and the axis of the slip ring is coincident with the axis of the B-axis platform; the electric brush is in contact with the slip ring, the fixed clamp and the second positioning platform are rigidly connected with the upper surface of the slip ring through screws, the first positioning platform and the goniometer are connected through the connecting piece, the goniometer is connected to the fixed clamp, the tool rest is connected to the first positioning platform, and the diamond tool is arranged on the tool rest.

Further, the first positioning platform and the second positioning platform adopt a ball screw structure and are configured to be capable of moving on a plane perpendicular to a spindle axis and a B-axis of the numerical control machine tool, respectively.

Furthermore, the goniometer is driven by a direct current motor and a worm gear.

Further, the stroke of the goniometer is ± 45 °, the absolute motion precision is ± 0.025 °, the maximum motion speed is 20 °/s, and the minimum motion increment is 0.0005 °.

The invention also provides a using method of the diamond cutter cutting device, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: according to the processing requirements of workpieces, mounting the diamond cutter cutting device at a preset position of a B-axis platform of the numerical control machine tool;

step two: adjusting the position of a tool tip point of the diamond tool cutting device;

step three: installing trial cutting pieces and finishing tool setting;

step four: and operating the machining program to finish the machining of the workpiece.

Further, in the second step, the position of the tool point is detected by arranging a microscope.

Further, the second step further comprises: the first positioning platform of the diamond cutter cutting device is adjusted to enable the cutter point to fall into the axis position of the goniometer of the diamond cutter cutting device, and the second positioning platform of the diamond cutter cutting device is adjusted to enable the cutter point to fall into the axis position of the B-axis platform.

Further, the third step includes:

moving a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool to enable the tool nose point to be located near the axis of the main shaft;

installing a trial cutting piece, completing rounding, adjusting dynamic balance, and obtaining the position deviation of the tool point and the axis of the main shaft through trial cutting;

and converting a coordinate system on the numerical control machine tool.

Further, the fourth step further includes: the processing is monitored using a microscope disposed near the processing region.

Further, the using method further comprises the following steps: and after the machining is finished, the diamond cutter cutting device is detached from the numerical control machine tool.

The diamond cutter cutting device and the using method provided by the invention have the following technical effects: on the basis of the rotating shaft and the linear shaft used in the rotary diamond turning process, a cutter swinging shaft is further introduced by arranging an angle measuring instrument for accurately adjusting the cutter angle, so that the side edge of a diamond cutter can be used for replacing a cutter circular edge to process, and the efficiency of processing the Fresnel lens microstructure on the surface of the roller die is greatly improved. Meanwhile, the device can be used for processing the Fresnel lens microstructure and is also suitable for a non-rotational symmetric optical fiber microstructure with a linear profile.

The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Fresnel lens microstructure machined by a conventional diamond tool;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a diamond blade cutting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the diamond tool cutting apparatus of the present invention mounted on a B-axis table;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the machining structure of the diamond tool cutting device of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the diamond tool cutting device of the present invention.

The device comprises a goniometer 11, a goniometer 12, a second positioning platform 13, a first positioning platform 14, a tool rest 15, a connecting piece 16, a fixed clamp 17, a slip ring 18, a diamond tool, a brush 20, a shaft platform 30, a shaft platform B and a roller die 40.

Detailed Description

The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the present invention provides a diamond blade cutting device for processing a roller mold 40, so that a fresnel lens microstructure or a non-rotationally symmetric optical fiber microstructure with a linear profile is processed on the surface of the roller mold 40. The cutting device comprises a goniometer 11, a first positioning platform 13, a second positioning platform 12, a tool post 14, a connecting piece 15, a fixed clamp 16, a slip ring 17, a brush 20 and a diamond cutter 18. The sliding ring 17 is rigidly connected with a B-axis platform 30 of the numerical control machine tool through screws, and when the sliding ring 17 is installed, the axis of the sliding ring 17 is overlapped with the axis of the B-axis platform 30 as much as possible. The brush 20 is contacted with the slip ring 17, and the contact position and the tightness of the groove of the slip ring 17 are adjusted through the brush 20, so that the brush 20 and the slip ring are kept in good contact. The fixing clamp 16 and the second positioning platform 12 are rigidly connected with the upper surface of the sliding ring 17 through screws. The connecting piece 15 connects the first positioning platform 13 and the goniometer 11 together, which is connected as a rigid connection. The goniometer 11 is connected to a stationary fixture 16, the tool holder 14 is connected to a first positioning stage 13, and the diamond tool 18 is arranged on the tool holder 14. The first positioning platform 13 is capable of adjusting the position of the tool tip point in an XY plane, wherein the XY plane is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle of the numerical control machine tool. The second positioning table 12 is capable of adjusting the position of the tool tip point in the XZ plane, which is a plane perpendicular to the B-axis of the numerical control machine. The first positioning platform 13 is used for accurately adjusting the tool tip point of the diamond tool 18 to the central axis of the goniometer 11, so that the position of the tool tip point is unchanged when the goniometer 11 rotates, and the design of a processing program is simplified. The second positioning platform 12 precisely adjusts the tool point, so that the tool point falls on the axis of the B-axis platform 30, and the position of the tool point is fixed in the rotation process of the B-axis platform 30.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, during the machining process, the C-axis (the rotation axis of the main shaft of the numerical control machine) and the Z-axis (the axis parallel to the main shaft of the numerical control machine) are moved synchronously, so that the diamond tool 18 performs an equivalent turning process on the surface of the roller mold 40. The B-axis (the axis of rotation of the B-axis table 30) and the C-axis move synchronously, thereby ensuring that the angle of the tool with the surface of the roller die 40 remains constant while a single circular surface is being machined. By this cutting device, the diamond tool 18 is oscillated to make the tool angle coincide with the desired microstructure face angle, and finally, the cutting depth in machining is controlled by the Y-axis (direction on the XY plane and vertically upward) motion.

If the diamond tool 18 is not oscillated, the B axis and the Z axis of the cutting device are moved synchronously by using a slow tool servo technique during machining, so that the turning process is simulated on the surface of the roller die 40. In order to obtain a high-precision machined surface, the feeding rate of a cutter is very low in the machining process, the cutting speed of a material is reduced, the machining time is prolonged, and the method cannot be used for machining the microstructure of the large-area roller die 40. The oscillating shaft of the diamond cutter 18 is introduced for accurately adjusting the cutter angle, so that the side edge of the diamond cutter 18 can be used for processing instead of a cutter round edge, the efficiency of processing the Fresnel lens microstructure on the surface of the roller die 40 can be improved, and the working principle is shown in FIG. 4. Meanwhile, the method is also suitable for processing the non-rotational symmetric optical fiber microstructure with a linear profile.

The first positioning platform 13 and the second positioning platform 12 are used for realizing the precise movement in the XY direction and the XZ direction, and can adopt a ball screw structure, the adjusting range can be +/-6.5 mm, and the load can be borne by 186.2N. The main bodies of the first positioning platform 13 and the second positioning platform 12 can be made of SUS440C stainless steel, so that high rigidity is realized. The surface treatment of the main body adopts electroless nickel plating, and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance and the like.

The goniometer 11 can be driven by a direct current motor and a worm gear, the stroke is +/-45 degrees, the absolute motion precision is +/-0.025 degrees, the maximum motion speed is 20 degrees/s, and the minimum motion increment is 0.0005 degrees.

The diamond cutter cutting device realizes data communication with an upper computer through the slip ring 17, and the upper computer can realize control of the diamond cutter cutting device. And a control program is arranged on the upper computer and used for realizing real-time data interaction and operation with the goniometer 11 so as to send out a control instruction.

The diamond cutter cutting device of the invention has the following using method:

and (3) mounting the rotating shaft device at a proper position on a working platform of the machine tool according to the actual workpiece machining requirement, and then fixing the rotating shaft device by using screws. Specifically, the slip ring 17 is mounted on the B-axis platform 30, the axis of the slip ring 17 is made to coincide with the B-axis of the B-axis platform 30 as much as possible, and the contact position and tightness between the brush 20 and the groove of the slip ring 17 are adjusted, so that the contact between the brush and the groove is good. Fixing the second positioning platform 12 and the fixing clamp 16 on the plane of the sliding ring 17 through screws; then, the fixing clamp 16 is installed, the goniometer 11 and the fixing clamp 16 are rigidly connected through screws, and the measuring surfaces of the goniometer 11 and the fixing clamp 16 are ensured to be parallel. The connecting member 15 and the first positioning platform 13 are rigidly connected together by screws and then fixed to the goniometer 11. Diamond tool 18 is attached to first positioning stage 13 by tool post 14.

The position of the point of the diamond tool 18 is adjusted. As shown, the nose point positioning adjustment process of the diamond tool 18 is illustrated. During adjustment, the change in position of the blade tip point during rotation of the goniometer 11 is observed using a microscope. The first positioning platform 13 is used for precise adjustment, so that the tool point is ensured to fall on the central axis of the goniometer 11, and the position of the tool point relative to the goniometer 11 is fixed and unchanged in the rotation process of the goniometer 11. It is also necessary to adjust the point of the diamond tool 18 to lie on the axis of the B-axis table 30: the position change of the cutter point in the B-axis rotating process is observed by using a microscope, and the second positioning platform 12 is used for carrying out accurate adjustment, so that the cutter point is ensured to fall on the axis of the B-axis, and the position of the cutter point relative to the B-axis platform 30 in the B-axis rotating process is kept unchanged. Wherein the microscope is fixed in two directions, parallel to the X-axis and Y-axis of the XY-plane, respectively.

And installing trial cutting pieces to finish tool setting. And mounting a trial cutting piece on a main shaft of the numerical control machine tool, rounding, adjusting dynamic balance and finishing tool setting. And accurately obtaining the position of the tool nose point relative to a machine tool coordinate system through trial cutting, and converting the coordinate system on the machine tool.

After the diamond knife cutting device is installed and the knife is accurately set, data line connection between the angle measuring instrument 11 and an upper computer PC is required to be completed, upper computer software is opened, and data communication and the running condition of the angle measuring instrument 11 are tested. If the test is normal, the machine tool can be started to round the workpiece, measure the inertia and adjust the dynamic balance. Then, the control software and the power supply of the goniometer 11 are turned on, the processing program is written, and formal processing is carried out. The machining state was observed in real time by a monitoring microscope installed near the machining area during machining. And after the machining is finished, the power supply of the controller and the goniometer 11 is closed, the workpiece is taken down, and the diamond cutter cutting device is detached from the machine tool working platform.

The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.