阅读说明：本技术 一种高性能减振联轴器 (High-performance vibration damping coupling ) 是由 黄伟 于 2021-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种适应于电动汽车变速器领域、减震性能随着转矩自适应变化的联轴器：把一组凸缘、一组凸缘孔和其间变形率和转矩承受能力一致性的弹性器件定义为一个减震传动单元,通过在一个联轴器系统中上集成两个及两个以上的减震传动单元,此联轴器中至少有一个可以承受传动系统最大极限转矩的第一减震传动单元和一个无需承受传动系统最大极限转矩但弹性极佳的第二减震传动单元,通过不同减震传动单元之间的相互配合,使联轴器系统既能承受电动机正常工作时的高转速高扭矩又能大幅降低变速器换挡时的强烈震动,从而保护传动系统。(A coupler which is suitable for the field of electric automobile transmissions and has self-adaptive variation of damping performance along with torque is disclosed: a group of flanges, a group of flange holes and elastic devices with consistent deformation rate and torque bearing capacity among the flanges are defined as a damping transmission unit, two or more damping transmission units are integrated in a coupling system, at least one first damping transmission unit capable of bearing the maximum limit torque of a transmission system and one second damping transmission unit which does not need to bear the maximum limit torque of the transmission system but has excellent elasticity are arranged in the coupling, and through mutual matching of different damping transmission units, the coupling system can bear high rotating speed and high torque when a motor works normally and can greatly reduce strong vibration when a transmission is shifted, so that the transmission system is protected.)

1. The utility model provides a high performance damping shaft coupling, includes initiative half-coupling and driven shaft half-coupling, characterized by: the driving half-coupling is composed of a driving shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body (1), pins (4) and a motor output shaft (7), wherein the pins (4) are uniformly arranged on the right surface of the driving shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body (1), and an elastic sleeve (5) and a high-pressure air bag (9) with an automobile tire structure or shape are sequentially sleeved on the surface of each pin (4) from left to right; the driven shaft half-coupling is composed of a driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2), pin holes (3), cylindrical metal sleeves (6), a transmission input shaft (8) and a return spring (13), wherein the driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2) is provided with the pin holes (3) which are uniformly arranged, one cylindrical metal sleeve (6) is coaxially installed outside each pin hole (3), the cylindrical metal sleeves (6) are fixed on the right side of the driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2), the elastic sleeves (5) are located in the pin holes (3), high-pressure air bags (9) of automobile tire structures or shapes are located in the cylindrical metal sleeves (6), and a calibrated gap A is formed between the inner walls of the elastic sleeves (5) and the pin holes (3).

2. A high performance vibration damping coupling as defined in claim 1 wherein: a cavity (11) is arranged in the section of the pin (4) sleeved with the high-pressure air bag (9), an air guide hole is arranged between the cavity (11) and the high-pressure air bag (9), and an air nozzle (12) connected with the cavity is arranged at the outer end of the pin (4).

3. A high performance vibration damping coupling according to claim 1, wherein the clearance a between said elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin bore (3) is calibrated by: defining a group of flange lugs, a group of groove flange holes and elastic devices with identical deformation capacity and torque bearing capacity between them as a vibration-damping transmission unit, integrating two or more vibration-damping transmission units in the described coupling, in the described coupling at least one first vibration-damping transmission unit capable of bearing maximum limit torque of transmission system and one second vibration-damping transmission unit which does not bear maximum limit torque of transmission system and has high elasticity, between the elastic device of the described first vibration-damping transmission unit and groove flange hole a calibrated gap A or compression gap A of elastic device is set, and defining deformation quantity W of elastic device of second vibration-damping transmission unit by means of maximum vibration strength which can be borne by transmission system, and the calibrated gap A of the described first vibration-damping transmission unit or compression gap A of elastic device is greater than or equal to the above-mentioned deformation quantity W, And simultaneously, the deformation amount of the elastic device of the second damping transmission unit is less than the deformation amount which can be borne by the elastic device.

4. A high performance vibration damping coupling according to claim 1, wherein the pin (4) is returned to the center of the flange hole (3) when the motor outputs zero torque, characterized in that: return spring (13) are respectively installed to every pintle (4) direction of rotation about, return spring (13) a pin on the left of pintle (4) is installed on the attachment of driven shaft semi-coupling disc body (2) on the left of pintle (4), another pin dress is on pintle (4), return spring (13) a pin on the right of pintle (4) is installed on the attachment of driven shaft semi-coupling disc body (2) on the right of pintle (4), another pin dress is on pintle (4).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobile transmissions, in particular to a coupler used on an electric automobile multi-gear transmission, which is used for coupling an electric motor with the multi-gear transmission.

Background

Traditional electric automobile adopts single speed reducer, because it need not shift gears, do not have the impact vibration who brings of shifting, so the motor generally adopts rigid coupling with transmission system ground hookup, along with market to electric motor car performance and cost's requirement increasingly high, the multiple-gear derailleur is adopted by a large amount gradually, and can produce huge impact when the multiple-gear derailleur is shifted, use the shaft coupling of low damping performance can cause the harm to transmission system, the high rotational speed of high moment of torsion that traditional vibrations shaft coupling bore is a pair of spear shield body with damping performance, under certain volume restriction, the high rotational speed of high moment of torsion and the unity of high damping performance of transmission system when traditional vibrations shaft coupling can't adapt to electric automobile derailleur during operation, and characteristic when shifting according to electric automobile derailleur, can solve above-mentioned problem.

The existing multi-gear transmission of the electric automobile mostly does not use a clutch, taking the transmission with an AMT structure as an example, the synchronization of a gear to be meshed with a spline shaft of the transmission is mainly realized by adopting an active synchronization mode, so that the huge impact generated during gear shifting is reduced, the shaft coupling can bear high torque and high rotating speed when the electric automobile normally runs, the working torque of a motor can be greatly reduced in the gear shifting process of the transmission of the electric automobile, particularly, the working torque of the motor can be reduced to zero when the gear to be meshed with the spline shaft of the transmission is meshed with the moment, and the inertia torque borne by the shaft coupling can be greatly reduced at the same time, the scheme designs a novel shaft coupling according to the characteristics of the transmission of the electric automobile during gear shifting, the shaft coupling can bear high torque and high rotating speed and has smaller damping performance when the shaft coupling is reduced during the gear shifting process of the transmission of the electric automobile, and the damping performance can be greatly improved when the torque borne by the shaft coupling is reduced, therefore, the unification of high torque, high rotating speed and high damping performance of the transmission is realized, and the huge impact generated when the transmission shifts is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The scheme defines a group of flange lugs, a group of groove flange holes and elastic devices with consistent performance among the flange lugs, the groove flange holes and the elastic devices with consistent performance among the flange lugs and the groove flange holes as a damping transmission unit; the scheme of the invention is that two or more than two damping transmission units are integrated in a coupler, and at least one first damping transmission unit capable of bearing the maximum limit torque of a transmission system and at least one second damping transmission unit which cannot bear the maximum limit torque of the transmission system but has excellent elasticity and damping performance are arranged in the coupler; when the electric automobile normally runs, the torque of the motor drives the transmission to rotate mainly through the first damping transmission unit which can bear high torque and high rotating speed, and the second damping transmission unit which does not need to bear high torque and high rotating speed but has excellent damping performance bears less torque; when the transmission is shifted, at the moment when the gear to be meshed with the spline shaft of the transmission is meshed with the spline shaft, the second damping transmission unit bears the main transmission torque between the motor and the transmission, most of the transmission torque borne by the first damping transmission unit is disconnected by the second damping transmission unit, and the main transmission torque between the motor and the transmission is separated from the first damping transmission unit.

This scheme can be realized through reforming transform traditional elastic sleeve pin shaft coupling, and traditional elastic sleeve pin shaft coupling comprises the half-coupling of driving shaft and the half-coupling of driven shaft, has the elastic sleeve on pin and the pin on the half-coupling disc body of driving shaft, then has flange hole to be called for short the pin hole in the half-coupling disc body of driven shaft, and after the pin inserted the pin hole, it transmits through pin, elastic sleeve and pin hole inner wall on the pin to get the torque between shaft coupling driving shaft and the driven shaft, elastic sleeve and pin hole on pin, the pin have constituted a shock attenuation transmission unit, because the elastic sleeve deformation rate on the traditional elastic sleeve pin shaft coupling is less, so damping performance is relatively poor.

In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a high-damping coupler based on a traditional elastic sleeve pin coupler, which comprises a driving shaft half coupler disc body (1), a driven shaft half coupler disc body (2), pin holes (3), pins (4), an elastic sleeve (5), a cylindrical metal sleeve (6), a motor output shaft (7), a transmission input shaft (8), a high-elasticity damper (9), a half coupler disc body of a driving shaft and a half coupler disc body of a driven shaft, an elastic isolation gasket (10), a cavity (11) inside the pins, an air nozzle (12) connected with the cavity and a return spring (13), and is characterized in that: the high-elasticity shock absorber is characterized in that a cylindrical metal sleeve (6) is additionally arranged outside each pin hole (3) of the traditional elastic sleeve pin coupler, the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) is installed on a half-coupler disc-shaped body (2) of a driven shaft, the central axis of the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) coincides with the central axis of the pin hole (3), the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) shares one pin (4) with the pin hole (3), a high-elasticity shock absorber (9) is installed between the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) and the pin (4), the high-elasticity shock absorber (9) is a high-pressure air bag of an automobile tire structure or shape, a cavity (11) is arranged inside the pin (4), an air guide hole is arranged between the cavity (11) inside the pin and the high-pressure air bag (9), the high-pressure air bag (9) is inflated and deflated through an air nozzle (12) connected with the cavity, a larger gap is arranged between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin hole (3) or a larger compression gap is arranged between the elastic sleeve and the pin hole (3), return spring (13) are respectively installed to the left and right sides of pin (4) and cylindrical metal sleeve (6) direction of rotation, and the key lies in: pin of return spring (13) on the left of pin (4) is installed on the attachment of driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2) on the left of pin (4), another pin dress is on pin (4), pin of return spring (13) on the right of pin (4) is installed on the attachment of driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2) on the right of pin (4), another pin dress is on pin (4), and two return spring's effect is: when the relative torque of the motor and the transmission is zero, the pin (4) is pulled to the center position of the pin hole (3) by the return spring, the pin (4), the pin hole (3) and the elastic sleeve (5) form a first damping transmission unit capable of bearing the maximum limit torque and the rotating speed of a transmission system, the pin (4), the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) and a high-pressure air bag (9) of an automobile tire structure form a second damping transmission unit, and the pin (4), the left and right return springs (13) and attachments for fixing return spring pins on the driven shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body (2) form a third damping transmission unit; compare traditional elastic sleeve pin shaft coupling, the key lies in: a larger gap is formed between the elastic sleeve (5) of the first damping transmission unit and the inner wall (3) of the column pin hole or the elastic sleeve has a larger compression gap.

The motor and the speed changer are connected together through the invention, when the motor drives the transmission system to run at high speed, most of the rotation torque of the coupling is transmitted by the first damping transmission unit, the high-pressure air bag of the second damping transmission unit is partially compressed, the compressed air in the high-pressure air bag bears a small part of the rotation torque, one of the two return springs of the third damping transmission unit is compressed and the other return spring is stretched, so that the return stress is generated, and the pin (4) is returned to the center of the pin hole as much as possible.

In the gear shifting process of the transmission, when the motor outputs zero power, only small inertia transmission torque exists between the motor and the transmission, at the moment, the compressed high-pressure air bag of the second damping transmission unit can overcome the inertia transmission torque to restore as far as possible under the action of deformation stress, the two return springs of the third damping transmission unit can restore as far as possible under the action of deformation stress, the pin (4) of the first damping transmission unit is made to restore to the central position of the pin hole (3) as far as possible, a large gap is uniformly formed between the pin and the inner walls of the two sides of the pin hole, when a gear to be meshed with the spline shaft of the transmission is meshed with the spline shaft, the high-pressure air bag of the second damping transmission unit and the two return springs of the third damping transmission unit firstly bear the maximum meshing vibration between the motor and the transmission, and only when the deformation of the high-pressure air bag and the return springs caused by the vibration is larger than the gap between the pin and the inner walls of the pin hole, The first damping transmission unit can bear the meshing vibration after the part of the meshing vibration is weakened, and the high-pressure air bag of the automobile tire structure has excellent damping performance, so that the coupler can greatly reduce the huge impact force generated when the transmission is shifted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the scheme is equivalent to the combination of a plurality of couplings with different functions, namely the combination of a high-bearing low-elasticity coupling and a low-bearing high-elasticity coupling, and the damping transmission units of the couplings are respectively operated and cooperated and mutually protected under different working conditions, for example, the elastic deformation of the damping transmission unit of the high-elasticity coupling is controlled within a bearable range by reasonably calibrating the rotation clearance of the high-bearing coupling, so that the damping transmission unit with low-bearing high-elasticity cannot be damaged when the motor works at a high rotating speed and a high torque.

When the transmission is shifted, the motor outputs zero torque, the elastic device of the high-elasticity coupling has strong resilience, so that the rotation gaps of the high-bearing low-elasticity coupling can be uniformly distributed, and when a transmission system strongly vibrates, the elastic device of the high-elasticity coupling can bear the vibration to the maximum extent, so that the high-bearing low-elasticity coupling can reduce the impact.

This scheme makes the shaft coupling system can bear the high moment of torsion of high rotational speed when the motor normally works and can reduce the strong vibrations when derailleur is shifted by a wide margin through mutually supporting between a plurality of different shock attenuation drive units to protection drive system.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coupling.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.

In the figure: the automobile brake device comprises a driving shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body 1, a driven shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body 2, a pin hole 3, a pin 4, an elastic sleeve 5, a cylindrical metal sleeve 6, a motor output shaft 7, a transmission input shaft 8, a high-pressure air bag 9 in an automobile tire structure or shape, a high-pressure air bag elastic isolation gasket 10, a cavity 11, an air nozzle 12 and a return spring, wherein the driving shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body and the driven shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body are respectively provided with a driving shaft and a driven shaft, the cavity is arranged in the pin, the air nozzle 12 is connected with the cavity, and the return spring 13 is arranged in the cavity.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high shock absorption coupler comprises a driving half-coupler and a driven shaft half-coupler, wherein the driving half-coupler comprises a driving shaft half-coupler disc-shaped body (1), pins (4) and a motor output shaft (7), the motor output shaft (7) is arranged at the left center of the driving shaft half-coupler disc-shaped body (1), and a plurality of pins (4), the motor output shaft (7) and the pins (4) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the outer ring of the motor output shaft on the right side of the driving shaft half-coupler disc-shaped body (1) in parallel; driven shaft half-coupling comprises driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2), pin hole (3), cylindrical metal covering (6), derailleur input shaft (8), return spring (13), and the central point on driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2) right side puts installation derailleur input shaft, has a plurality of align to grid's pin hole on driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2), all leaves certain interval between the export of every pin hole and the derailleur input shaft, right side at driven shaft half-coupling disc body (2): cylindrical metal covering (6) of outside coaxial arrangement of every column pin hole (3), cylindrical metal covering (6) are fixed on driven shaft half coupling disc body (2), and the internal diameter of cylindrical metal covering (6) is greater than the internal diameter of column pin hole, and when initiative half coupling and driven shaft half coupling cooperate: every pin (4) on the driving shaft half-coupling can be smoothly inserted into the corresponding pin hole (3) and the cylindrical metal sleeve (6), and when every pin is inserted into the corresponding pin hole and the cylindrical metal sleeve (6): and a large enough calibration clearance is left between the pin and the pin hole.

As shown in fig. 2, the surface of the pin (4) is sleeved with an elastic sleeve (5) and a high-pressure air bag (9) of an automobile tire structure from left to right, after each pin (4) is inserted into the corresponding pin hole (3) and the cylindrical metal sleeve (6): the elastic sleeve (5) is positioned in the pin hole (3), the high-pressure air bag (9) of the automobile tire structure is positioned in the cylindrical metal sleeve (6), the outer surface of the section of the pin (4) wrapping the high-pressure air bag (9) can be processed into a hub structure so as to be convenient for the installation and fixation of the high-pressure air bag (9) of the automobile tire structure, a cavity (11) is arranged in the section of the pin (4) wrapping the high-pressure air bag (9), an air guide hole is arranged between the cavity (11) and the high-pressure air bag (8), the outer end of the pin (4) is provided with an air nozzle (12) connected with the cavity, and the high-pressure air bag (9) can be inflated and deflated through the air nozzle (12); when the driving half coupling and the driven shaft half coupling are matched: every pin on the driving shaft half-coupling can insert corresponding pin hole and cylindrical metal sleeve (6) smoothly, and when every pin inserts corresponding pin hole and cylindrical metal sleeve (6): a large enough calibration gap is reserved between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the column pin hole (3) or the elastic sleeve (5) has a sufficient compression gap, and the high-pressure air bag (9) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical metal sleeve (6) after being inflated sufficiently.

As shown in fig. 1, a return spring (13) is respectively arranged on the left and the right of the moving direction of each cylindrical metal sleeve (6), and after the driving half coupling and the driven half coupling are assembled: one pin of each return spring (13) is fixed on an attachment of the driven shaft half-coupling disc-shaped body (2), and the other pin is fixed on the pin (4).

The method for calibrating the assembly clearance between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin hole (3) comprises the following steps:

the assembly clearance between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin hole is marked as A, and the assembly clearance A between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin hole (3) is smaller than the maximum bearable deformation of the high-pressure air bag (9) and smaller than the maximum bearable tensile and compression deformation of the return spring (13).

When the gear to be meshed with the spline shaft of the transmission is meshed with the spline shaft, the speed difference between the gear to be meshed with the spline shaft of the transmission determines the vibration impact strength of the transmission system, the deformation of the high-pressure air bag (9) is in direct proportion to the vibration strength of the transmission system, after the transmission system determines a bearable vibration strength, the transmission limits a maximum speed difference between the gear to be meshed and the spline shaft during gear shifting, and the maximum speed difference and the vibration strength bearable by the transmission system can determine the deformation W of the high-pressure air bag (9).

The assembly clearance A between the elastic sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the pin hole is more than or equal to the deformation W of the high-pressure air bag (9) determined by the maximum speed difference and the vibration strength which can be borne by a transmission system, and is less than the maximum bearable deformation of the high-pressure air bag (9) and the return spring (13).

The high-damping coupler is simple in structure, low in cost, excellent in torque bearing performance and damping performance, solves the problem that an electric automobile is difficult to match with a multi-gear transmission, and can greatly improve the performance and the applicability of the electric automobile.