阅读说明：本技术 换挡机构、变速器和车辆 (Gear shifting mechanism, transmission and vehicle ) 是由 胡楚金 申文权 张秋贵 宋萌萌 徐卫权 姜勇俊 李小建 于 2020-04-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种换挡机构、变速器和车辆。其中,换挡机构包括：控制装置；操纵气缸,与控制装置相连接,操纵气缸被配置为适于在控制装置的控制下动作；换挡装置,换挡装置包括至少两个换挡结构,至少两个换挡结构上均设置多个档位,且至少两个换挡结构均与操纵气缸相连接,换挡装置被配置为适于在操纵气缸的动作下驱动至少两个换挡结构中的一个输出多个档位；挡叉轴,与控制装置相连接,挡叉轴被配置为适于在控制装置的驱动下与多个档位中的一个配合换挡。本发明提出的换挡机构,每一个挡叉轴可与四个档位配合换挡,并且可以缩短每次换挡的动作行程,便于用户操作使用。(The invention provides a gear shifting mechanism, a transmission and a vehicle. Wherein, gearshift includes: a control device; the control device is connected with the control cylinder, and the control cylinder is suitable for acting under the control of the control device; the gear shifting device comprises at least two gear shifting structures, a plurality of gears are arranged on each of the at least two gear shifting structures, the at least two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder, and the gear shifting device is suitable for driving one of the at least two gear shifting structures to output the plurality of gears under the action of the operating cylinder; and the gear fork shaft is connected with the control device and is configured to be suitable for being matched with one of the plurality of gears to shift gears under the driving of the control device. According to the gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention, each gear fork shaft can be matched with four gears for gear shifting, the action stroke of each gear shifting can be shortened, and the operation and the use of a user are facilitated.)

1. A gear shift mechanism, comprising:

a control device;

a steering cylinder connected with the control device, the steering cylinder being configured and adapted to act under the control of the control device;

the gear shifting device comprises at least two gear shifting structures, a plurality of gears are arranged on the at least two gear shifting structures, the at least two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder, and the gear shifting device is suitable for driving one of the at least two gear shifting structures to output the plurality of gears under the action of the operating cylinder;

a shift rail connected to the control device, the shift rail being adapted to be driven by the control device to shift in cooperation with one of the plurality of gears.

2. The shift mechanism of claim 1,

the gear shifting device comprises a gear shifting box, and the operating cylinder is arranged on the gear shifting box;

at least two of the shift structures include:

the first gear shifting structure is arranged in the gear shifting box, and a plurality of gears are arranged on the first gear shifting structure;

the second gear shifting structure is arranged in the gear shifting box, and a plurality of gears are arranged on the second gear shifting structure.

3. The shift mechanism of claim 2,

the first gear shifting structure is sequentially provided with a reversing gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a fifth gear;

a sixth gear, a seventh gear, an eighth gear and a ninth gear are sequentially arranged on the second gear shifting structure;

the gear fork shaft comprises a first gear fork shaft, a second gear fork shaft and a third gear fork shaft;

on the basis of the condition that the first gear shifting structure is matched with the shift fork shaft to shift gears, the reverse gear and the first gear are located at two ends of the first shift fork shaft, the second gear and the third gear are located at two ends of the second shift fork shaft, and the fourth gear and the fifth gear are located at two ends of the third shift fork shaft;

based on the second shift structure with keep off under the condition that the fork axle cooperation was shifted, the fifth keep off the position with the fifth keeps off the position in the both ends of second fender fork axle, the eighth keep off the position with the eighth keep off the position in the both ends of third fender fork axle.

4. The shift mechanism of claim 3,

the gear shifting mechanism further comprises a locking valve, the locking valve is connected with the control device, and a notch is formed in the first gear fork shaft;

and the locking valve is locked with the notch under the condition that the second gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting.

5. The shift mechanism of claim 4, wherein the operating cylinder includes:

the gear shifting box comprises a gear shifting box body, a first air vent and a second air vent, wherein the gear shifting box body is arranged on the gear shifting box;

a piston disposed within the cylinder between the first and second vent holes;

wherein the control device is configured to change the gas flow direction in the cylinder to drive the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure to shift in cooperation with the shift fork shaft.

6. The shift mechanism of claim 5, wherein the control device includes:

a reversing valve having at least a first inlet port configured to connect to a gas source, a first exhaust port in communication with the first vent, and a second exhaust port in communication with the second vent;

a control valve connected to the directional valve, the control valve being adapted to control the first intake port to communicate with the first exhaust port or the second exhaust port.

7. The shift mechanism of claim 6,

the control valve comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the gas inlet is configured to be connected with a gas source, and the gas outlet is suitable for exhausting the control valve; the reversing valve further comprises a second gas inlet which is communicated with the gas outlet;

the first gas inlet is communicated with the first exhaust port based on the condition that the gas inlet and the gas outlet are disconnected, and the first gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting;

based on the condition that gas inlet and gas outlet are linked together, first air inlet with the second gas vent is linked together, the second structure of shifting with keep off the fork axle cooperation and shift.

8. The shift mechanism according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the control device further includes:

a control handle coupled to the fork shaft and configured to drive movement of the fork shaft;

wherein, the switching-over valve with the control valve sets up on the control handle.

9. A transmission, comprising:

the shift mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising:

the shift mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 8; or

The transmission of claim 9;

wherein the vehicle has a cab, and the control device is provided in the cab.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmissions, in particular to a gear shifting mechanism, a transmission and a vehicle.

Background

At present, the manual gear shifting mechanism develops towards a multi-gear direction, and due to the improvement of the gear quantity, the speed ratio output by the transmission is wider, so that the power performance and the economical efficiency of the whole vehicle can be met, and the gear shifting becomes more portable. In the prior art, the gears of the multi-gear shifting mechanism are not smoothly arranged, and most of the gears are transversely arranged, so that the shifting stroke is far, the operation of a driver is influenced, a plurality of gears are arranged in a superposition mode, and the sequence is disordered.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.

To this end, a first aspect of the invention provides a gear shift mechanism.

A second aspect of the invention provides a transmission.

A third aspect of the invention provides a vehicle.

A first aspect of the invention provides a shift mechanism comprising: a control device; the control device is connected with the control cylinder, and the control cylinder is suitable for acting under the control of the control device; the gear shifting device comprises at least two gear shifting structures, a plurality of gears are arranged on each of the at least two gear shifting structures, the at least two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder, and the gear shifting device is suitable for driving one of the at least two gear shifting structures to output the plurality of gears under the action of the operating cylinder; and the gear fork shaft is connected with the control device and is configured to be suitable for being matched with one of the plurality of gears to shift gears under the driving of the control device.

The invention provides a gear shift mechanism, comprising: the control device and the control cylinder, the gear shifting device and the gear fork shaft can work in a matched mode under the control of the control device. The gear shifting device comprises at least two gear shifting structures, each gear shifting structure is provided with a plurality of gears, and the at least two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder and can shift positions under the action of the operating cylinder; the control cylinder control device is connected and can act under the control of the control device so as to drive one of the gear shifting structures to work and output a plurality of gears; the gear shift fork shaft is connected with the control device, and the gear shift fork shaft can be driven by the control device to be matched with one of a plurality of gears provided by the gear shift device to shift gears, so that the gears are shifted.

In addition, due to the arrangement of the control cylinder, the gear shifting structure of the gear shifting device can be switched to be matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, and therefore a plurality of gear shifting areas are provided; each gear shifting structure provides a plurality of gears, so that a plurality of gear selections in one gear shifting area are guaranteed, and the gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages that the number of the gears of the gear shifting mechanism is increased, the action stroke of each gear shifting is shortened, and the gear shifting mechanism is convenient for a user to operate and use.

The gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention can switch at least two gear shifting structures through the control cylinder to be matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, and each gear shifting structure can provide a plurality of gears for the gear fork shaft to be matched for gear shifting, so that each gear fork shaft can be matched with four gears for gear shifting, the action stroke of each gear shifting can be shortened, and the gear shifting mechanism is convenient for a user to operate and use.

According to the gear shifting mechanism of the above technical scheme of the invention, the following additional technical features can be provided:

in the technical scheme, the gear shifting device comprises a gear shifting box, and the control cylinder is arranged on the gear shifting box; the at least two shift structures include: the first gear shifting structure is arranged in the gear shifting box, and a plurality of gears are arranged on the first gear shifting structure; the second structure of shifting sets up in the incasement of shifting gears, and the second is shifted and is provided with a plurality of gears on the structure.

In this solution, the gear shift device includes a shift box, and the at least two shift structures include a first shift structure and a second shift structure. Wherein, control the cylinder setting on the case of shifting, guarantee to control cylinder and gearshift's stable connection, first shift structure and second shift structure all set up in the inside of the case of shifting, guarantee first shift structure and second shift structure's life and service environment. Particularly, a plurality of gears are arranged on the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure, and the number of the gears of the gear shifting mechanism is further ensured.

Specifically, first structure and the second of shifting is shifted the structure and is followed the axial of keeping off the fork shaft, distributes in the both ends of keeping off the fork shaft, and the radial distribution of keeping off the fork shaft is followed to a plurality of gears on the first structure of shifting, and the radial distribution of keeping off the fork shaft is followed equally to a plurality of gears on the second structure of shifting. Therefore, the control device can drive the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure to move along the radial direction of the gear fork shaft, the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure is selected to be matched with gear shifting, and the control device can drive the gear fork shaft to move along the radial direction of the gear fork shaft, so that the gear shifting is selected to be matched with a specific gear in the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the first gear shift structure is sequentially provided with a reverse gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a fifth gear; a sixth gear, a seventh gear, an eighth gear and a ninth gear are sequentially arranged on the second gear shifting structure; the gear fork shaft comprises a first gear fork shaft, a second gear fork shaft and a third gear fork shaft; under the condition that the first gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft to shift gears, the reverse gear and the first gear are located at two ends of the first gear fork shaft, the second gear and the third gear are located at two ends of the second gear fork shaft, and the fourth gear and the fifth gear are located at two ends of the third gear fork shaft; based on the second shift structure with keep off the fork axle under the condition that the cooperation was shifted, fifth fender position and fifth fender position are located the both ends of second fender fork axle, and eighth fender position are located the both ends of third fender fork axle.

In the technical scheme, the first gear shifting structure is provided with a low-speed gear shifting area, and a reverse gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a fifth gear are sequentially arranged in the low-speed gear shifting area; the second gear shifting structure is provided with a high-speed gear shifting area, and a sixth gear, a seventh gear, an eighth gear and a ninth gear are sequentially arranged in the high-speed gear shifting area; the gear fork shaft comprises a first gear fork shaft, a second gear fork shaft and a third gear fork shaft. The reverse gear and the first gear can be matched with the first gear fork shaft for gear shifting; the second gear, the third gear, the sixth gear and the seventh gear can be matched with the second gear fork shaft for gear shifting; the fourth gear and the fifth gear, and the eighth gear and the ninth gear can be shifted by matching with the third gear fork shaft. Namely, the gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention can realize the gear shifting operation of nine gears and reverse gear.

Specifically, the first gear shaft, the second gear shaft and the third gear shaft are arranged in parallel, and the second gear shaft is located between the first gear shaft and the third gear shaft. When the first gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, low-speed gear shifting can be realized; when the second gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, high-speed gear shifting can be realized. And based on the reasonable distribution of the plurality of gears and the three shift fork shafts, the gear shifting stroke can be effectively shortened, and particularly, the operation stroke during switching between high-speed gear shifting and low-speed gear shifting is shortened. In addition, the overall gear design accords with the N-type gear shifting control idea of a driver, the operation is simple and convenient, the gear selecting direction is a three-gear position, the stroke is short, and the driving feeling is strong.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the gear shift mechanism further includes a lock valve, the lock valve is connected with the control device, and a notch is formed in the first shift fork shaft; and under the condition that the gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft to shift gears, the locking valve is locked with the notch.

In this technical scheme, gearshift still includes the lock valve, and is provided with the notch that uses with the lock valve cooperation on the first fender fork axle. When the second gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, the locking valve is locked with the notch, and then the control device cannot drive the first gear fork shaft to act. Based on the setting of lock valve, can guarantee that the gearshift switches to when high-speed gear position district, prevent that the maloperation from hanging into the reverse gear, promote gearshift's reliability.

In addition, the reverse gear is locked in the high-speed gear area, the first gear in the high-speed gear area can be prevented from being overlapped with the speed ratios of other gears, the reverse gear is small in speed ratio when the high-speed gear area is used, the reverse speed is high, potential safety hazards are easily caused, and the potential safety hazards that the reverse gear is too fast when the reverse gear is used can be avoided after the reverse gear is locked.

In any of the above solutions, the steering cylinder comprises: the gear shifting box comprises a gear shifting box body, a first air vent and a second air vent, wherein the gear shifting box body is arranged on the gear shifting box; the piston is arranged in the cylinder body and is positioned between the first vent hole and the second vent hole; the control device is configured to change the gas flow direction in the cylinder body so as to drive the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure to shift in cooperation with the gear fork shaft.

In this technical scheme, the manipulation cylinder includes the cylinder body and sets up the piston in the cylinder body. The first air vent and the second air vent are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body, the cylinder body is connected with the control device through the first air vent and the second air vent, and the piston is connected with the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure to shift gears by switching the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure. Specifically, controlling means can change the gaseous flow direction in the cylinder body for gaseous getting into cylinder body drive piston from first air vent, perhaps getting into cylinder body drive piston from the second air vent, and then make the piston drive first gear shifting structure or second gear shifting structure and keep off the fork axle cooperation and shift gears.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the control device includes: the reversing valve is at least provided with a first air inlet, a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port, the first air inlet is configured to be connected with an air source, the first exhaust port is communicated with the first vent hole, and the second exhaust port is communicated with the second vent hole; and the control valve is connected with the reversing valve and is configured and suitable for controlling the first air inlet to be communicated with the first exhaust port or the second exhaust port.

In the technical scheme, the control device comprises a reversing valve and a control valve. The reversing valve at least comprises a first air inlet, a first exhaust port and a second exhaust port, and the control valve is connected with the reversing valve. The first air inlet of the reversing valve can be connected with an air source and used for introducing air from the first air inlet, the first exhaust port of the reversing valve is communicated with the first vent hole of the cylinder body, the second exhaust port of the reversing valve is communicated with the second vent hole of the cylinder body, and both the first exhaust port and the second exhaust port can be used for introducing air and exhausting air; the control valve controls the communication condition inside the reversing valve, the control valve can control the reversing valve to admit air from the first air inlet and exhaust air along the first exhaust port, or control the reversing valve to admit air from the first air inlet and exhaust air along the second exhaust port, and the direction of the flow direction of air in the cylinder body can be changed based on the control of the exhaust direction of the reversing valve by the control valve, so that the piston is driven to move towards different directions, and the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure are switched to participate in gear shifting.

In any of the above solutions, the control valve comprises a gas inlet configured to be connected to a gas source and a gas outlet adapted to allow the control valve to exhaust; the reversing valve also comprises a second air inlet which is communicated with the air outlet; the first gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft to shift gears; based on the condition that gas inlet and gas outlet are linked together, first air inlet is linked together with the second gas vent, and the second structure of shifting gears with keep off the fork axle cooperation and shift gears.

In the technical scheme, the control valve comprises a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the reversing valve further comprises a second gas inlet. The gas inlet of the control valve can be connected to a gas source, the gas outlet of the control valve is communicated with the second gas inlet of the reversing valve, the control valve exhausts gas along the second gas inlet and drives the reversing valve to switch the internal flow direction, the piston of the control cylinder is driven by the reversing valve to move in different directions, and then the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure are driven to shift gears.

Specifically, when the user wants to carry out the low-speed gear shifting, the inside gaseous import of control valve and the disconnection of gas outlet, and the inside no gas of control valve passes through this moment, and the inside first air inlet of switching-over valve is linked together with first gas vent for the switching-over valve is passed through first gas vent after admitting air from first air inlet and is vented towards the cylinder is inside, and the gas drive piston moves towards second gas vent one side, and then drives first gear shifting structure and keeps off the fork axle cooperation and shift gears.

Specifically, when the user wants to shift gears at a high speed, the inside gas inlet of control valve and gas outlet intercommunication, control valve at this moment is from gas outlet through the second air inlet towards the switching-over valve exhaust, and the inside first air inlet of control valve drive switching-over valve is linked together with the second gas vent for the switching-over valve is from the inside exhaust of second gas vent orientation cylinder after first air inlet admits air, and the gas drive piston moves towards first air vent one side, and then drives the second structure of shifting gears and keep off the fork shaft cooperation and shift gears.

In any one of the above technical solutions, the control device further includes: the control handle is connected with the gear fork shaft and is configured to drive the gear fork shaft to move; wherein, the reversing valve and the control valve are arranged on the control handle.

In this technical scheme, controlling means still includes the control handle. The control handle is connected with the gear fork shaft and can drive the gear fork shaft to be matched with a gear shifting structure in the gear shifting device for gear shifting. In addition, the reversing valve and the control valve are integrally arranged on the control handle, so that the operation of a user is facilitated.

A second aspect of the invention provides a transmission comprising: the shift mechanism according to any one of the above aspects.

The transmission provided by the invention comprises the gear shifting mechanism of any one of the technical schemes. Therefore, all the advantages of the gear shifting mechanism are achieved, and the description is omitted.

A third aspect of the invention provides a vehicle comprising: the shift mechanism according to any one of the above aspects; or the transmission of the above technical scheme; the vehicle has a cab, and the control device is provided in the cab.

The transmission provided by the invention directly or indirectly comprises the gear shifting mechanism of any one technical scheme. Therefore, all the advantages of the gear shifting mechanism are achieved, and the description is omitted. In particular, the vehicle has a cab in which the control device is disposed for easy operation by the driver.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shift configuration of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic mid-range distribution of the shift configuration of one embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the component names in fig. 1 and fig. 2 is:

100 control valve, 102 gas inlet, 104 gas outlet, 200 reversing valve, 202 first gas inlet, 204 first gas outlet, 206 second gas outlet, 208 second gas inlet, 300 pilot cylinder, 302 cylinder, 304 piston, 306 first vent hole, 308 second vent hole, 402 first fork shaft, 404 second fork shaft, 406 third fork shaft, 408 notch, 500 locking valve.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The following describes a shift mechanism, a transmission and a vehicle provided according to some embodiments of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 and 2.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention proposes a shift mechanism including: control device, steering cylinder 300, gearshift and fork shaft.

The gear shifting device comprises at least two gear shifting structures, each gear shifting structure is provided with a plurality of gears, the at least two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder 300 and can be switched to positions under the action of the operating cylinder 300; the control device of the control cylinder 300 is connected and can act under the control of the control device, so as to drive one of the gear shifting structures to work and output a plurality of gears; the gear shift fork shaft is connected with the control device, and the gear shift fork shaft can be driven by the control device to be matched with one of a plurality of gears provided by the gear shift device to shift gears, so that the gears are shifted.

In particular, the shifting mechanism provided by the embodiment enables the shifting device to shift the gear shifting structure in cooperation with the gear fork shaft due to the arrangement of the operating cylinder 300, so that a plurality of shifting areas are provided; each gear shifting structure provides a plurality of gears, so that a plurality of gear selections in one gear shifting area are guaranteed, and the gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages that the number of the gears of the gear shifting mechanism is increased, the action stroke of each gear shifting is shortened, and the gear shifting mechanism is convenient for a user to operate and use.

Therefore, according to the gear shifting mechanism provided by the embodiment, at least two gear shifting structures can be switched by the control cylinder 300 to be matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, and each gear shifting structure can provide a plurality of gears for the gear fork shaft to be matched for gear shifting, so that each gear fork shaft can be matched with four gears for gear shifting, the action stroke of gear shifting at each time can be shortened, and the operation and the use of a user are facilitated.

Example two:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a second aspect of the present invention provides a shift mechanism including: a control device, a control cylinder 300, a gear shifting device and a gear fork shaft; the gear shifting device comprises a gear shifting box, a first gear shifting structure and a second gear shifting structure.

The gear shifting device comprises a first gear shifting structure and a second gear shifting structure, each gear shifting structure is provided with a plurality of gears, the two gear shifting structures are connected with the operating cylinder 300, and the positions of the two gear shifting structures can be switched under the action of the operating cylinder 300; the control device of the control cylinder 300 is connected and can act under the control of the control device, so as to drive the first gear shifting structure or the second gear shifting structure to work and output a plurality of gears; the gear shift fork shaft is connected with the control device, and the gear shift fork shaft can be driven by the control device to be matched with one of a plurality of gears provided by the gear shift device to shift gears, so that the gears are shifted.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the gear shifting device further includes a gear shifting box, the operation cylinder 300 is disposed on the gear shifting box, so as to ensure stable connection between the operation cylinder 300 and the gear shifting device, the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure are both disposed inside the gear shifting box, so as to ensure service life and service environment of the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the first shift structure and the second shift structure are distributed at two ends of the shift fork shaft along the axial direction of the shift fork shaft, a plurality of gears on the first shift structure are distributed along the radial direction of the shift fork shaft, and a plurality of gears on the second shift structure are also distributed along the radial direction of the shift fork shaft. Therefore, the control device can drive the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure to move along the radial direction of the gear fork shaft, the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure is selected to be matched with gear shifting, and the control device can drive the gear fork shaft to move along the radial direction of the gear fork shaft, so that the gear shifting is selected to be matched with a specific gear in the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, further, the first gear shifting structure has a low gear shifting region, and a reverse gear, a first gear, a second gear, a third gear, a fourth gear and a fifth gear are sequentially arranged in the region; the second gear shifting structure is provided with a high-speed gear shifting area, and a sixth gear, a seventh gear, an eighth gear and a ninth gear are sequentially arranged in the high-speed gear shifting area; the shift fork shaft includes a first shift fork shaft 402, a second shift fork shaft 404, and a third shift fork shaft 406. The reverse gear and the first gear can be matched with the first gear fork shaft 402 for gear shifting; the second gear, the third gear, the sixth gear and the seventh gear can be matched with the second gear fork shaft 404 for gear shifting; the fourth and fifth gears, the eighth and ninth gears can be shifted in cooperation with the third gear shaft 406. That is, the gear shift mechanism provided by the embodiment can realize the gear shift operation of nine gears and reverse gear.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first fork shaft 402, the second fork shaft 404, and the third fork shaft 406 are arranged in parallel, and the second fork shaft 404 is located between the first fork shaft 402 and the third fork shaft 406. When the first gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, low-speed gear shifting can be realized; when the second gear shifting structure is matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shifting, high-speed gear shifting can be realized. And based on the reasonable distribution of the plurality of gears and the three shift fork shafts, the gear shifting stroke can be effectively shortened, and particularly, the operation stroke during switching between high-speed gear shifting and low-speed gear shifting is shortened. In addition, the overall gear design accords with the N-type gear shifting control idea of a driver, the operation is simple and convenient, the gear selecting direction is a three-gear position, the stroke is short, and the driving feeling is strong.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the gear shifting mechanism further includes a latch valve 500, and the first fork shaft 402 is provided with a notch 408 for cooperating with the latch valve 500. When the second shifting structure is engaged with the shift fork to shift gears, the latch valve 500 is locked with the notch 408, so that the control device cannot drive the first shift fork 402 to move. Based on the setting of lock valve 500, can guarantee that the gearshift switches to when the high-speed gear area, prevents that the maloperation from hanging into the reverse gear, promotes gearshift's reliability.

In addition, the reverse gear is locked in the high-speed gear area, the first gear in the high-speed gear area can be prevented from being overlapped with the speed ratios of other gears, the reverse gear is small in speed ratio when the high-speed gear area is used, the reverse speed is high, potential safety hazards are easily caused, and the potential safety hazards that the reverse gear is too fast when the reverse gear is used can be avoided after the reverse gear is locked.

Further in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the steering cylinder 300 includes a cylinder block 302 and a piston 304 disposed within the cylinder block 302. The two ends of the cylinder body 302 are provided with a first vent hole 306 and a second vent hole 308, the cylinder body 302 is connected with the control device through the first vent hole 306 and the second vent hole 308, and the piston 304 is connected with the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure so as to shift the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure. Specifically, the control device can change the flow direction of the gas in the cylinder 302, so that the gas enters the cylinder 302 from the first vent hole 306 to drive the piston 304, or enters the cylinder 302 from the second vent hole 308 to drive the piston 304, and the piston 304 drives the first shifting structure or the second shifting structure to shift in cooperation with the shift fork shaft.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in fig. 1, the control device includes a direction valve 200 and a control valve 100. The direction valve 200 has at least a first inlet port 202, a first outlet port 204, and a second outlet port 206, and the control valve 100 is connected to the direction valve 200. The first air inlet 202 of the reversing valve 200 can be connected with an air source and can be used for air inlet from the first air inlet 202, the first exhaust port 204 of the reversing valve 200 is communicated with the first vent hole 306 of the cylinder body 302, the second exhaust port 206 of the reversing valve 200 is communicated with the second vent hole 308 of the cylinder body 302, and both the first exhaust port 204 and the second exhaust port 206 can be used for air inlet and air outlet; the control valve 100 controls the communication condition inside the reversing valve 200, and the control valve 100 can control the reversing valve 200 to intake air from the first air inlet 202 and exhaust air along the first exhaust port 204, or control the reversing valve 200 to intake air from the first air inlet 202 and exhaust air along the second exhaust port 206, and based on the control of the exhaust direction of the reversing valve 200 by the control valve 100, the flowing direction of the air in the cylinder 302 can be changed, and then the piston 304 is driven to move towards different directions, so as to switch the first gear shifting structure and the second gear shifting structure to perform gear shifting.

In this embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 1, the control valve 100 includes a gas inlet 102 and a gas outlet 104, and the directional valve 200 also includes a second gas inlet 208. Wherein the gas inlet 102 of the control valve 100 is connectable to a gas source, the gas outlet 104 of the control valve 100 is communicated with the second gas inlet 208 of the directional control valve 200, and the control valve 100 exhausts gas along the second gas inlet 208 and drives the directional control valve 200 to switch the internal flow direction, so that the directional control valve 200 drives the piston 304 of the operating cylinder 300 to move in different directions, and further drives the first shifting structure and the second shifting structure to participate in shifting.

Specifically, when a user wants to perform a low-speed gear shift, the gas inlet 102 and the gas outlet 104 inside the control valve 100 are disconnected, no gas passes through the inside of the control valve 100, the first gas inlet 202 inside the reversing valve 200 is communicated with the first gas outlet 204, so that the reversing valve 200 exhausts gas towards the inside of the cylinder through the first gas outlet 204 after the gas is introduced from the first gas inlet 202, and the gas-driven piston 304 moves towards the second gas vent 308 side, so as to drive the first gear shift structure to shift gears in cooperation with the shift fork shaft.

Specifically, when a user wants to perform a high-speed gear shift, the gas inlet 102 and the gas outlet 104 inside the control valve 100 are communicated, at this time, the control valve 100 exhausts gas from the gas outlet 104 through the second gas inlet 208 towards the reversing valve 200, the control valve 100 drives the first gas inlet 202 and the second gas outlet 206 inside the reversing valve 200 to be communicated, so that the reversing valve 200 exhausts gas from the first gas inlet 202 and then exhausts gas towards the inside of the cylinder through the second gas outlet 206, and the gas drives the piston 304 to move towards one side of the first vent hole 306, so as to drive the second gear shift structure to be matched with the gear fork shaft for gear shift.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the connection relationship between the above components is as follows:

the gas source is connected with the gas inlet 102 of the control valve 100 and is connected with the first gas inlet 202 of the reversing valve 200; the gas outlet 104 of the control valve 100 and the second gas inlet 208 of the directional valve 200; the first exhaust port 204 of the directional valve 200 is connected to the first vent port 306 of the cylinder 302 and the second exhaust port 206 of the directional valve 200 is connected to both the second vent port 308 of the cylinder 302 and the latch valve 500. Wherein the control valve 100 may change the communication within the directional valve 200 such that the first exhaust port 204 communicates with the first intake port 202 or such that the first exhaust port 204 communicates with the second intake port 208.

In the specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the gear shifting mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages that the arrangement of the latch valve 500 enables the first gear fork shaft 402 to be only matched with the reverse gear and the first gear for gear shifting, so that when the gear fork shaft is shifted with the second gear shifting structure, the latch valve 500 can lock the first gear fork shaft 402, which is equivalent to leaving one position, and the distribution of each gear is redesigned, so that when a user shifts a low-speed gear and a high-speed gear, the movement stroke can be effectively shortened, and the operation is convenient for the user.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the control valve 100 is switched from the low gear to the high gear, the position of the original second gear is changed to the sixth gear and is at the intermediate position, and the user only needs to shift the shift fork shaft from the position of the original fifth gear to the position of the sixth gear, which is convenient to operate.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the shift mechanism proposed in this embodiment operates as follows:

when the control valve 100 is shifted to the low gear, the air supply does not supply air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, the first air outlet 204 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, and the piston 304 moves towards the side of the second air outlet 206 in the cylinder 302, so that the speed change device is shifted to the low-speed gear change area (namely, the first gear change structure participates in gear change); at the moment, the gear engaging operation of the reverse gear, the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, the fourth gear and the fifth gear in the low-speed gear shifting region can be realized.

When the control valve 100 is shifted to the low gear, the air source supplies air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, the second air outlet 206 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, and the piston 304 moves towards the first air outlet 204 side in the cylinder 302, so that the speed changing device is shifted to the high speed gear shifting area (namely, the second gear shifting structure participates in gear shifting); meanwhile, an air source is connected to the lock valve 500, a valve core of the lock valve 500 enters the notch 408 of the first gear fork shaft 402 to lock the first gear fork shaft 402, and at the moment, the gear engaging operation of the sixth gear, the seventh gear, the eighth gear and the ninth gear in the high-speed gear shifting region can be realized.

When the vehicle needs to decelerate and climb, the control valve 100 is shifted to a low gear, the air source does not supply air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, at the moment, the first air outlet 204 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, the piston 304 returns under the action of the spring in the cylinder body 302, the locking of the first gear fork shaft 402 is released, and the switching of each gear in the low-speed gear shifting area is realized.

In any of the above embodiments, further, the control device further comprises a control handle. The control handle is connected with the gear fork shaft and can drive the gear fork shaft to be matched with a gear shifting structure in the gear shifting device for gear shifting. In addition, the direction valve 200 and the control valve 100 are integrally arranged on the control handle, so that the operation of a user is convenient.

In any of the embodiments described above, further, as shown in fig. 1, the reverse gear position is the R gear position.

In any of the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 1, the directional valve 200 is a two-position five-way valve.

Example three:

a third embodiment of the present invention provides a transmission including: a shift mechanism according to the first or second embodiment (this embodiment is not shown in the drawings).

The transmission proposed in this embodiment includes the shift mechanism according to the first embodiment or the second embodiment. Therefore, all the advantages of the gear shifting mechanism are achieved, and the description is omitted.

Example four:

a fourth embodiment of the invention proposes a vehicle including: the shift mechanism according to the first or second embodiment; or a transmission as in the third embodiment described above (this embodiment is not shown in the figures).

The transmission provided by the invention directly or indirectly comprises the gear shifting mechanism of any one of the embodiments. Therefore, all the advantages of the gear shifting mechanism are achieved, and the description is omitted.

In particular, the vehicle has a cab in which the control device is disposed for easy operation by the driver.

The specific embodiment is as follows:

the invention designs a gear shifting structure with simple structure and reasonable arrangement, so as to meet good driving requirements.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a shift structure including: the control valve 100, the reversing valve 200, the operating cylinder 300, the first gear fork shaft 402, the second gear fork shaft 404, the third gear fork shaft 406, the locking valve 500, and the air pipe for connecting each air path interface. The control valve 100 is integrated with a gear shifting handle of a cab, is located in the cab, and is respectively connected with a whole vehicle air source and a second exhaust port 206 of the reversing valve 200 through an air pipe, the reversing valve 200 is provided with a first air inlet 202, the first exhaust port 204 and the second exhaust port 206 are respectively connected with two air vents of an air cylinder through air pipes, wherein an air pipe passage of the second exhaust port 206 is mutually ventilated with the locking valve 500, a valve core of the locking valve 500 faces a notch 408 of the first blocking fork shaft 402, and the other two blocking fork shafts are respectively arranged on the right side.

When the control valve 100 is shifted to the low gear, the air supply does not supply air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, the first air outlet 204 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, and the piston 304 moves towards the side of the second air outlet 206 in the cylinder 302, so that the speed change device is shifted to the low-speed gear change area (namely, the first gear change structure participates in gear change); at the moment, the gear engaging operation of the reverse gear, the first gear, the second gear, the third gear, the fourth gear and the fifth gear in the low-speed gear shifting region can be realized.

When the control valve 100 is shifted to the low gear, the air source supplies air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, the second air outlet 206 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, and the piston 304 moves towards the first air outlet 204 side in the cylinder 302, so that the speed changing device is shifted to the high speed gear shifting area (namely, the second gear shifting structure participates in gear shifting); meanwhile, an air source is connected to the lock valve 500, a valve core of the lock valve 500 enters the notch 408 of the first gear fork shaft 402 to lock the first gear fork shaft 402, and at the moment, the gear engaging operation of the sixth gear, the seventh gear, the eighth gear and the ninth gear in the high-speed gear shifting region can be realized.

When the vehicle needs to decelerate and climb, the control valve 100 is shifted to a low gear, the air source does not supply air to the second air inlet 208 of the reversing valve 200, at the moment, the first air outlet 204 of the reversing valve 200 is exhausted, the piston 304 returns under the action of the spring in the cylinder body 302, the locking of the first gear fork shaft 402 is released, and the switching of each gear in the low-speed gear shifting area is realized.

As shown in fig. 2, in the shift mechanism provided in this embodiment, because the gas path in the high-speed shift area is communicated with the first gear locking valve 500 in the gas path design, when the shift mechanism is switched to the high-speed shift area, the gear shaft is back-engaged to the second gear position in the original low-speed gear area (i.e. the sixth gear position in the high-speed gear area), the gear engagement is smooth, and at this time, the gear locking valve 500 locks the first gear shaft after working, so as to prevent the driver from mistakenly engaging the edge R gear, so that the driving safety can be effectively ensured, the influence of the transmission on the aspect of reliability caused by improper manual operation is avoided, and the reliability of shifting is improved.

In addition, at regional first gear of high gear shift locking, can avoid the regional first gear of high gear shift and the velocity ratio coincidence of other fender position, R keeps off that the velocity ratio is little when the region is shifted to the height, and it is fast to reverse a car, has the potential safety hazard easily, can avoid the potential safety hazard of backing a car too fast when R keeps off after the locking. In addition, the overall gear design accords with the N-type gear shifting control idea of a driver, the operation is simple and convenient, the gear selecting direction is a three-gear position, the stroke is short, and the driving feeling is strong.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "plurality" or "a plurality" refer to two or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "connected," "mounted," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.