阅读说明：本技术 一种腐植酸型大枣防裂果膜剂及其制备方法和应用 (Humic acid type jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 牛育华 魏之强 邱冠钧 李茜 宋洁 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种腐植酸型大枣防裂果膜剂,包括A剂和B剂；所述的A剂为羧甲基纤维素钠溶液和腐植酸钾溶液按照体积比1：1配制的混合溶液；所述的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液由羧甲基纤维素钠和水按照质量比(2.0～2.2)：(70～75)配制而成；所述的腐植酸钾溶液由腐植酸钾和水按照质量比为(0.4～0.8)：(50～55)配制而成；所述的B剂为质量百分浓度为1.5％～2.5％的氯化钙溶液；本发明还给出该膜剂的制备和使用方法,使用后可有效防止大枣裂果,提高了果品品质,实现经济增长效益,低成本,环境友好。(The invention discloses a humic acid type jujube anti-cracking film agent, which comprises an agent A and an agent B; the agent A is a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution and a potassium humate solution in a volume ratio of 1: 1 preparing a mixed solution; the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is prepared from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water according to a mass ratio (2.0-2.2): (70-75); the potassium humate solution is prepared from potassium humate and water according to a mass ratio of (0.4-0.8): (50-55); the agent B is calcium chloride solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5-2.5%; the invention also provides a preparation method and a use method of the film agent, so that the jujube fruit cracking can be effectively prevented after the film agent is used, the fruit quality is improved, the economic growth benefit is realized, the cost is low, and the film agent is environment-friendly.)

1. A humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking fruit film agent is characterized by comprising an agent A and an agent B;

the agent A is a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution and a potassium humate solution in a volume ratio of 1: 1 preparing a mixed solution;

the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is prepared from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water according to a mass ratio (2.0-2.2): (70-75);

the potassium humate solution is prepared from potassium humate and water according to a mass ratio of (0.4-0.8): (50-55);

the agent B is calcium chloride solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5-2.5%.

2. The humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is prepared from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, water, chitosan and glycerol in a mass ratio of (2.0-2.2): (70-75): (1.6-2.0): (1.6-2.0).

3. The humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking fruit film agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the humic acid potassium solution is prepared from humic acid potassium, water and fenugreek gum according to the mass ratio of (0.4-0.8): (50-55): (1-1.2).

4. A method for preparing a humic acid type jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving sodium carboxymethylcellulose in water according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, adding chitosan powder, fully dissolving, adding glycerol, and uniformly stirring to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving potassium humate in water according to a proportion, adding fenugreek gum, and completely and uniformly mixing to form a potassium humate solution;

3) fully stirring the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution and the potassium humate solution become a uniform system, namely forming an agent A;

4) preparing calcium chloride solution as agent B.

5. The application of the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent can be formed on the surface of Chinese dates by spraying the agent A on the surface of Chinese dates and then spraying the agent B.

6. The application of the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the pesticide microelement fertilizer is added into the agent A to be mixed and sprayed together, and then the agent B is sprayed.

7. The application of the humic acid type jujube anti-cracking film agent as claimed in claim 5, wherein the film forming time is 10-15s after the agent A and the agent B are sprayed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural application, relates to a Chinese date anti-cracking film agent, and particularly relates to a humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

The jujube is a special industry in northern areas of China, and has become a prop industry for delightful and enriched in certain mountainous areas due to the characteristics of strong stress resistance, early fruiting, convenient picking and transportation and the like. However, in the growth process of the jujubes, due to the difference of cultivation management and the fact that the mature period of the jujubes is mostly in rainy seasons, the fruit cracking phenomenon of the jujubes can be caused, the appearance, the quality and the yield of the jujubes are affected, serious economic loss is caused to jujube farmers, and the planting enthusiasm of the jujube farmers is reduced.

The phenomenon of fruit cracking of the jujubes can be effectively improved by adjusting the nutrition balance of leaf surfaces and fruit surfaces of the jujubes in the young fruit period.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a humic acid type jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent, a preparation method and application thereof, which can effectively improve the quality of jujube fruits and realize the increase of economic benefits.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a humic acid type fructus Jujubae anti-cracking film agent comprises agent A and agent B;

the agent A is a sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution and a potassium humate solution in a volume ratio of 1: 1 preparing a mixed solution;

the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is prepared from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water according to a mass ratio (2.0-2.2): (70-75);

the potassium humate solution is prepared from potassium humate and water according to a mass ratio of (0.4-0.8): (50-55);

the agent B is calcium chloride solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5-2.5%.

Preferably, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is prepared from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, water, chitosan and glycerol in a mass ratio (2.0-2.2): (70-75): (1.6-2.0): (1.6-2.0).

Preferably, the potassium humate solution is prepared from potassium humate, water and fenugreek gum according to the mass ratio of (0.4-0.8): (50-55): (1-1.2).

The invention also provides a preparation method of the humic acid type jujube fruit cracking preventing film agent, which comprises the following steps:

1) dissolving sodium carboxymethylcellulose in water according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, adding chitosan powder, fully dissolving, adding glycerol, and uniformly stirring to obtain sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving potassium humate in water according to a proportion, adding fenugreek gum, and completely and uniformly mixing to form a potassium humate solution;

3) fully stirring the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution and the potassium humate solution become a uniform system, namely forming an agent A;

4) preparing calcium chloride solution as agent B.

The invention also protects the application of the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent, and the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent can be formed on the surface of Chinese dates by spraying the agent A on the surface of Chinese dates and then spraying the agent B.

Preferably, the pesticide micro-fertilizer is added into the agent A to be mixed and sprayed together, and then the agent B is sprayed.

Preferably, the film forming time is 10-15s after the agent A and the agent B are sprayed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

the humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking fruit film agent takes humic acid potassium, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan, glycerol, fenugreek gum, calcium chloride and the like as main raw materials, the calcium chloride is taken as a cross-linking agent to generate chelation with the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, the humic acid potassium is an organic macromolecular compound containing a large number of intricate functional groups, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is a common ionic cellulose gum, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are in a gel state after being contacted, and the calcium chloride is taken as a chelating agent to form a liquid film with thickness, flexibility and tensile strength after being contacted, so that Chinese date fruit cracking can be effectively prevented;

the potassium humate is used as a composite crosslinking system of lamellar structure macromolecules and linear natural macromolecule chitosan, and mainly exists in a hydrogen bond form, so that the film forming property of the potassium humate is greatly improved; the glycerin and the fenugreek gum can further enable the molecular chains of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose contacted with the calcium chloride to be more tightly combined, and finally form a three-dimensional grid structure, namely the formation of a gel state, so that the prepared Chinese date anti-cracking film has good tensile strength and water-retaining property, and the Chinese date fruits are greatly protected and prevented from cracking;

the potassium humate is used as an organic potassium fertilizer with high biological activity, has good nutrition regulation effect, and improves the absorption of the jujube fruits on nutrient substances; the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has hydration function, can improve the pulp tissue of the Chinese date and improve the taste of the Chinese date; the chitosan has good biodegradability and cell affinity, has a certain bacteriostatic action, and can provide good adsorption and moisture retention performances; the glycerin also serves as a humectant and a lubricant to keep the moisture balance of the jujube fruit surface; the fenugreek gum can be used as a thickening agent and an emulsion stabilizer, so that the cracking-resistant fruit film of the jujube is more stable; the calcium chloride can play a role in cross-linking and film forming, and can supplement calcium element required by growth of the Chinese date fruits to ensure the normal growth of the Chinese dates; the film agent has the characteristics of antibiosis, moisture retention and the like, can promote the growth of Chinese dates, can well improve the quality of fruits, realizes the increase of economic benefits, and is environment-friendly;

the application mode of the invention is an alternate spraying mode, can be matched and mixed with various pesticides and trace elements for use, and has the advantages of simple use and operation, high film forming speed and low investment cost.

Detailed Description

The humic acid type Chinese date anti-cracking film agent consists of an agent A and an agent B, and when the film agent is used, the agent A is sprayed on the surface of Chinese date fruits, and then the agent B is sprayed, so that a film can be quickly formed within 10-15 s.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

1) Dissolving 2.0kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 70kg of water, stirring uniformly, adding 1.6kg of chitosan powder, adding 1.6kg of glycerol after fully dissolving, and stirring uniformly to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.4kg of potassium humate in 50kg of water, and adding 1.0kg of fenugreek gum to completely and uniformly mix the potassium humate and the fenugreek gum to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 1.5kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 2

1) Dissolving 2.2kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 75kg of water, stirring uniformly, adding 2.0kg of chitosan powder, adding 2.0kg of glycerol after fully dissolving, and stirring uniformly to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.8kg of potassium humate in 55kg of water, and adding 1.2kg of fenugreek gum to completely and uniformly mix the potassium humate and the fenugreek gum to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 2.5kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 3

1) Dissolving 2.1kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 73kg of water, stirring uniformly, adding 1.8kg of chitosan powder, adding 1.6kg of glycerol after fully dissolving, and stirring uniformly to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.6kg of potassium humate in 53kg of water, and adding 1.1kg of fenugreek gum to completely and uniformly mix the potassium humate and the fenugreek gum to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 2.0kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 4

1) Dissolving 2.0kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 75kg of water, stirring uniformly, adding 1.7kg of chitosan powder, adding 1.9kg of glycerol after fully dissolving, and stirring uniformly to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.5kg of potassium humate in 50kg of water, and adding 1.2kg of fenugreek gum to completely and uniformly mix the potassium humate and the fenugreek gum to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 1.6kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 5

1) 2.1kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is dissolved in 73kg of water and is uniformly stirred to prepare sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.6kg of potassium humate in 53kg of water to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 1.5kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 6

1) Dissolving 2.0kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 75kg of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.4kg of potassium humate in 55kg of water to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 1.8kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

Example 7

1) Dissolving 2.2kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in 70kg of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution;

2) completely dissolving 0.8kg of potassium humate in 50kg of water to form a potassium humate solution;

3) mixing the sodium carboxymethylcellulose aqueous solution prepared in the step 1) and the potassium humate solution prepared in the step 2) according to a volume ratio of 1: 1, fully stirring until the mixture becomes a uniform system, and forming an agent A;

4) 2.5kg of calcium chloride was dissolved in 100kg of water, and the agent B was obtained after sufficient dissolution.

The jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent prepared by the invention is sprayed every 15 days after the jujubes enter the young fruit period until the jujubes are finally ripe, and can be mixed with pesticide micro-fertilizer for use.

Aiming at the application performance test of the humic acid type jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent prepared in the embodiment 3, the experiment place is a certain jujube planting place in rocky mountain city of Ningxia, and the experiment crop is jujube. After the jujubes enter the young fruit period, setting a control group for normal growth management, setting an experimental group for normal growth management, taking the product prepared in the example 3, spraying the product on the jujubes to form a film, and observing and exploring the influence of the use of the product on the cracking problem of the jujubes.

The experimental results are as follows:

1) the growth of the jujubes in the experimental group and the control group is observed, the growth condition of the jujubes in the experimental group is relatively good, and the fruits in the experimental group are relatively larger, have better quality and have modesty appearance from the forty days after the treatment of the experimental group. The results of the specific experiments are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 growth of the jujubes in the experimental and control groups

As can be seen from the table, the growth status of the jujubes in the experimental group is better than that in the control group, and the fruit cracking phenomenon is reduced.

2) The jujubes grown in the control group and the experimental group were compared in terms of dehiscence, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

Group of	Fruit cracking rate (%)
		Control group	20.4
Experimental group	8.6

As can be seen from the table, the humic acid type jujube fruit cracking prevention film agent prepared in the experimental group can improve the quality of jujubes and can reduce the fruit cracking rate of jujubes.

The present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should be construed broadly as set forth in the claims.