阅读说明：本技术 一种非高炉炼铁设备和冶金粉尘综合利用方法 (Non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment and comprehensive metallurgical dust utilization method ) 是由 苏震霆 张庆国 程峥明 骆振勇 王飞 刘国生 曹宇 郭亚朋 贾雅楠 石江山 曹朝 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种非高炉炼铁设备和冶金粉尘综合利用方法,属于冶金粉尘处理技术领域,所述炼铁设备包括含碳灰仓、含铁灰仓、燃料仓、预热预还原设备、喷吹设备、热风加热设备和熔融还原炉,所述喷吹设备、所述热风加热设备均与所述熔融还原炉相连,所述喷吹设备为3个,分别为喷吹设备一、喷吹设备二和喷吹设备三,所述喷吹设备一与所述预热预还原设备相连,所述预热预还原设备连接所述含铁灰仓和熔剂仓一,所述喷吹设备二连接所述含碳灰仓和所述燃料仓,所述喷吹设备三连接熔剂仓二。通过该设备和方法可实现冶金粉尘的高效利用,同时,也避免了冶金粉尘铁和碳成分波动导致的烧结矿质量和产量的问题。(The invention provides non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment and a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical dust treatment. The device and the method can realize the high-efficiency utilization of the metallurgical dust, and simultaneously avoid the problems of the quality and the yield of the sintered ore caused by the fluctuation of the iron and carbon components of the metallurgical dust.)

1. A non-blast furnace ironmaking device is characterized by comprising a carbon-containing ash bin (1), an iron-containing ash bin (2), a fuel bin (3), a preheating pre-reduction device (4), a blowing device, a hot air heating device (5) and a melting reduction furnace (6), the blowing equipment and the hot air heating equipment (5) are both connected with the smelting reduction furnace (6), the number of the blowing devices is 3, and the blowing devices are respectively a first blowing device (71), a second blowing device (72) and a third blowing device (73), the first blowing equipment (71) is connected with the preheating pre-reduction equipment (4), the preheating pre-reduction equipment (4) is connected with the iron-containing ash bin (2) and the flux bin I (8), the second blowing equipment (72) is connected with the carbon-containing ash bin (1) and the fuel bin (3), and the third blowing equipment (73) is connected with the second flux bin (9).

2. A non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 1, characterized in that a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system (10) is installed between the preheating pre-reduction plant (4) and the first injection plant (71), and a coal mill (11) is installed between the bunker (3) and the second injection plant (72).

3. A non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot blast heating plant (5) comprises an oxygen production plant (51), a blower (52) and a hot blast stove (53), the oxygen production plant (51) and the blower (52) being connected to the hot blast stove (53), the blower (52) being connected to the smelting reduction furnace (6).

4. A non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the smelting reduction furnace (6) is provided with a taphole, a slag port and an exhaust port.

5. A non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the hot metal nozzle is connected to a hot metal tank (12).

6. A non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the slag notch is connected to a slag handling plant (13).

7. Non-blast furnace ironmaking plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the exhaust is connected to a gas treatment device (14).

8. A comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust based on the non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:

conveying iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash into an iron-containing ash bin (2) and a carbon-containing ash bin (1), conveying a first flux and a second flux into a first flux bin (8) and a second flux bin (9), and conveying fuel into a fuel bin (3);

mixing the iron-containing ash and the flux I, conveying the mixture to a preheating pre-reduction device (4) for pre-reduction, wherein the pre-reduction temperature is 800-1300 ℃, the pre-reduction time is 30-80min, after the pre-reduction is finished, feeding the mixture into a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system (10) for separation to obtain K, Na and H, and then feeding the mixture into a blowing device I (71);

the fuel is treated by a coal mill (11), mixed with the carbon-containing ash and then enters a second injection device (72);

the second fusing agent enters a third blowing device (73);

oxygen generated by the oxygen generating equipment (51) and air of a blower (52) enter a hot blast stove (53) for mixing and heating, and the heating temperature is 900-;

simultaneously injecting materials into the melting reduction furnace (6) for reaction by using a first injection device (71), a second injection device (72), a third injection device (73) and a hot blast stove (53), wherein the reaction time is 0.5-10min, and the reaction temperature is 1300-2500 ℃;

after the reaction is finished, the generated molten iron is discharged through a molten iron opening, the generated slag is discharged through a slag opening, and the generated waste gas is discharged through an exhaust opening.

9. The comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust according to claim 8, wherein the weight ratio of the iron-containing ash, the carbon-containing ash, the fuel, the first flux and the second flux is as follows: 70: 20: 9.3: 0.2: 0.5, the flow rate of the hot blast stove (53) is 100m³And/s, the chemical composition of the iron-containing ash comprises: TFe: 35-50% of SO₂：3-9％，CaO：5-20％，Mg0：1-6％，Al₂O₃：0.5-4.5％，K₂O∶0.5-12％，Na₂O：0.5-15％，ZnO：0.5-5.0％，S：0.05-0.50％；

The chemical components of the carbon-containing ash comprise: fixing carbon: 60-80%, volatile: 1.0-2.0%, ash: 10-20%, sulfur content: 1.0-2.5 percent.

10. The comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust according to claim 8, wherein the fuel is pulverized coal, the first flux is dolomite powder, the second flux is limestone powder, and the iron-containing ash and the carbon-containing ash are both obtained by a steel smelting dust removal process.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical dust treatment, and particularly relates to non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment and a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust.

Background

At present, the production amount of metallurgical dust (dust and mud) of iron and steel enterprises in China is about 4500-.

For the treatment of ferrous metallurgical dust (dust sludge), it is usually returned directly to the production process, where the Fe and C are recovered. However, the environmental dedusting ash of the original fuel system in the existing steel process flow has large iron and carbon component fluctuation, which is not beneficial to the stable quality of sintering ore and influences the yield of the sintering process. And elements such as Zn, Pb, K, Na and the like in metallurgical dust (dust mud) are circularly accumulated in the process, so that the yield and the pellet quality of a sintering process are influenced, and even the smooth operation of a blast furnace is influenced. Researchers have developed various processes for treating ferrous metallurgical dust (dust and mud), and generally, the processes are mainly divided into two major categories, namely wet process and fire process.

Wherein, the pyrogenic process treatment process comprises rotary kiln and rotary hearth furnace technology and the like. The rotary kiln is low in process investment, simple to operate, low in metallization rate, unstable in production and the like. The method is mainly applied to steel mills such as Sumitomo 12 ten thousand tons of iron-containing dust mud, Germany kuettner, Sicartsa in Mexico, Japan JFE, Japan Nippon steel and the like; the rotary hearth furnace process is mainly suitable for treating high-iron and high-zinc dust and mud, but the process has low energy utilization efficiency, high investment and large occupied area.

The OxyCup technology can basically treat massive solid wastes generated in each process of traditional steel making and iron making, and can also treat zinc-containing smoke dust and other fine particle wastes, but the process needs to use coke in the smelting process, especially the use of casting coke can improve the running cost, and has the defects of short equipment running period and the like. Mainly applied to Kuettner in Germany, Tai Steel in China and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides non-blast furnace iron-making equipment and a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust, which can realize high-efficiency utilization of metallurgical dust and simultaneously avoid the problems of the quality and the yield of the sintered ore caused by the fluctuation of iron and carbon components of the metallurgical dust.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the embodiment of the invention provides non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment, which comprises a carbon-containing ash bin, an iron-containing ash bin, a fuel bin, preheating pre-reduction equipment, blowing equipment, hot air heating equipment and a melting reduction furnace, wherein the blowing equipment and the hot air heating equipment are connected with the melting reduction furnace, the number of the blowing equipment is 3, and the blowing equipment is respectively a blowing equipment I, a blowing equipment II and a blowing equipment III, the blowing equipment I is connected with the preheating pre-reduction equipment, the preheating pre-reduction equipment is connected with the iron-containing ash bin and the flux bin I, the blowing equipment II is connected with the carbon-containing ash bin and the fuel bin, and the blowing equipment III is connected with the flux bin II.

Optionally, a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system is installed between the preheating pre-reduction device and the first injection device, and a coal mill is installed between the bunker and the second injection device.

Optionally, the hot air heating device comprises an oxygen generating device, a blower and a hot blast stove, the oxygen generating device and the blower are connected with the hot blast stove, and the blower is connected with the smelting reduction furnace.

Optionally, the smelting reduction furnace is provided with an iron nozzle, a slag hole and an exhaust port.

Optionally, the molten iron hole is connected with a molten iron tank.

Optionally, the slag hole is connected to a slag processing facility.

Optionally, the gas outlet is connected with a gas treatment device.

Based on the same invention concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust, which comprises the following steps:

conveying iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash into an iron-containing ash bin and a carbon-containing ash bin respectively, conveying a flux I and a flux II into a flux I and a flux II respectively, and conveying fuel into a fuel bin;

mixing the iron-containing ash and the flux I, conveying the mixture to a preheating pre-reduction device for pre-reduction, wherein the pre-reduction temperature is 800-1300 ℃, the pre-reduction time is 30-80min, and after the pre-reduction is finished, feeding the mixture into a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system to separate K, Na and H, and then feeding the mixture into a blowing device I;

the fuel is treated by a coal mill and then mixed with the carbon-containing ash, and then the mixture enters a second injection device;

the second fusing agent enters a third blowing device;

oxygen generated by the oxygen generating equipment and air of a blower enter a hot blast stove for mixing and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 900-;

simultaneously injecting the materials into a melting reduction furnace for reaction by using a first injection device, a second injection device, a third injection device and a hot blast furnace, wherein the reaction time is 0.5-10min, and the reaction temperature is 1300-2500 ℃;

after the reaction is finished, the generated molten iron is discharged through a molten iron opening, the generated slag is discharged through a slag opening, and the generated waste gas is discharged through an exhaust opening.

Optionally, the weight ratio of the iron-containing ash, the carbon-containing ash, the fuel, the flux I and the flux II is as follows: 70: 20: 9.3: 0.2: 0.5, the flow of the hot blast stove is 100m³And/s, the chemical composition of the iron-containing ash comprises: TFe: 35-50% of SO₂：3-9％，CaO：5-20％，MgO：1-6％，Al₂O₃：0.5-4.5％，K₂O：0.5-12％，Na₂O：0.5-15％，ZnO：0.5-5.0％，S：0.05-0.50％；

The chemical components of the carbon-containing ash comprise: fixing carbon: 60-80%, volatile: 1.0-2.0%, ash: 10-20%, sulfur content: 1.0-2.5 percent.

Optionally, the fuel is pulverized coal, the first flux is dolomite powder, the second flux is limestone powder, and the iron-containing ash and the carbon-containing ash are both obtained by a steel smelting dust removal process. One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

1. the non-blast furnace iron-making equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for a non-blast furnace iron-making process, the metallurgical dust is directly returned to the production flow, and Fe and C in the metallurgical dust are recovered.

2. According to the comprehensive utilization method of the gold dust provided by the embodiment of the invention, iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash in metallurgical dust are used as non-blast furnace ironmaking raw materials, iron powder is replaced by the iron-containing ash, and part of fuel is replaced by the carbon-containing ash, so that non-blast furnace smelting of the metallurgical dust can be realized, the consumption of the non-blast furnace ironmaking process on the iron powder and the fuel is saved while the high-value utilization of the metallurgical dust is realized, and the metallurgical dust treatment cost and the ironmaking cost are reduced.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-blast furnace ironmaking facility according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-carbon-containing ash bin, 2-iron-containing ash bin, 3-fuel bin, 4-preheating pre-reduction device, 5-hot air heating device, 51-oxygen generation device, 52-air blower, 53-hot air furnace, 6-smelting reduction furnace, 71-first blowing device, 72-second blowing device, 73-third blowing device, 8-first flux bin, 9-second flux bin, 10-potassium-sodium-zinc separation system, 11-coal mill, 12-hot metal tank, 13-slag treatment device and 14-coal gas treatment device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.

Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.

It should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Meanwhile, the terms "first", "second", etc. in the present invention do not denote any order or order, and these words may be interpreted as names.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:

at present, the treatment of the ferrous metallurgy dust (dust mud) is generally directly returned to the production flow, and the Fe and C in the dust are recovered. However, the environmental dedusting ash of the existing steel process flow primary fuel system has large iron and carbon component fluctuation, which is not beneficial to the stable quality of sintering ore and influences the yield of the sintering process, and elements such as Zn, Pb, K, Na and the like in metallurgical dust (dust mud) are circularly accumulated in the process, which influences the yield and pellet quality of the sintering process and even influences the smooth operation of a blast furnace. In order to better treat the metallurgical dust (dust and mud), a new process route and a new idea are needed to solve the comprehensive utilization of the metallurgical dust (dust and mud).

According to a typical embodiment of the invention, the ironmaking equipment comprises a carbon-containing ash bin, an iron-containing ash bin, a fuel bin, a preheating pre-reduction device, a blowing device, a hot air heating device and a melting reduction furnace, wherein the blowing device and the hot air heating device are both connected with the melting reduction furnace, the number of the blowing devices is 3, and the blowing devices are respectively a blowing device I, a blowing device II and a blowing device III, the blowing device I is connected with the preheating pre-reduction device, the preheating pre-reduction device is connected with the iron-containing ash bin and the flux bin I, the blowing device II is connected with the carbon-containing ash bin and the fuel bin, and the blowing device III is connected with the flux bin II.

As an optional embodiment, a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system is installed between the preheating pre-reduction device and the first blowing device, and a coal mill is installed between the bunker and the second blowing device.

As an optional embodiment, the hot air heating device comprises an oxygen generating device, a blower and a hot blast stove, wherein the oxygen generating device and the blower are connected with the hot blast stove, and the blower is connected with the smelting reduction furnace.

As an alternative embodiment, the smelting reduction furnace is provided with an iron runner, a slag hole and an exhaust port.

As an optional implementation mode, the molten iron notch is connected with a molten iron tank.

As an alternative embodiment, the slag notch is connected to a slag handling installation.

As an alternative embodiment, the gas outlet is connected to a gas treatment device.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for comprehensive utilization of metallurgical dust, including:

conveying iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash into an iron-containing ash bin and a carbon-containing ash bin respectively, conveying a flux I and a flux II into a flux I and a flux II respectively, and conveying fuel into a fuel bin;

mixing the iron-containing ash and the flux I, conveying the mixture to a preheating pre-reduction device for pre-reduction, wherein the pre-reduction temperature is 800-1300 ℃, the pre-reduction time is 30-80min, and after the pre-reduction is finished, feeding the mixture into a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system to separate K, Na and H, and then feeding the mixture into a blowing device I;

the fuel is treated by a coal mill and then mixed with the carbon-containing ash, and then the mixture enters a second injection device;

the second fusing agent enters a third blowing device;

oxygen generated by the oxygen generating equipment and air of a blower enter a hot blast stove for mixing and heating, wherein the heating temperature is 900-;

simultaneously injecting the materials into a melting reduction furnace for reaction by using a first injection device, a second injection device, a third injection device and a hot blast furnace, wherein the reaction time is 0.5-10min, and the reaction temperature is 1300-2500 ℃;

after the reaction is finished, the generated molten iron is discharged through a molten iron opening, the generated slag is discharged through a slag opening, and the generated waste gas is discharged through an exhaust opening.

As an alternative embodiment, the weight ratio of the iron-containing ash, the carbon-containing ash, the fuel, the first flux and the second flux is: 70: 20: 9.3: 0.2: 0.5, the flow of the hot blast stove is 100m³And/s, the chemical composition of the iron-containing ash comprises: TFe: 35-50% of SO₂：3-9％，CaO：5-20％，MgO：1-6％，Al₂O₃：0.5-4.5％，K₂O：0.5-12％，Na₂O：0.5-15％，ZnO：0.5-5.0％，S：0.05-0.50％；

The chemical components of the carbon-containing ash comprise: fixing carbon: 60-80%, volatile: 1.0-2.0%, ash: 10-20%, sulfur content: 1.0-2.5 percent.

As an optional implementation manner, the fuel is pulverized coal, the first flux is dolomite powder, the second flux is limestone powder, and the iron-containing ash and the carbon-containing ash are both obtained by a steel smelting dust removal process.

In the invention, a certain amount of flux is added for matching the smelting slagging requirement and making the gangue high-melting point oxide (SiO)₂、Al₂O₃GaO) to form a slag with good fluidity, thereby achieving the purposes of separating slag from iron and removing harmful impurities. The flux is first mixed with the iron-containing ash alone and then pre-heated and pre-reduced due to the presence of the refractory oxide (SiO) in the iron-containing ash₂、Al₂O₃CaO), the flux I is added to ensure that in the process of preheating and pre-reducing,better promotes the reduction of the iron oxide, improves the preheating pre-reduction efficiency, thereby improving the operation efficiency. The potassium-sodium-zinc separation system is arranged for ensuring that elements containing potassium, sodium and zinc are separated from the materials after the materials are preheated and pre-reduced, improving the iron-containing grade of the materials entering the direct smelting furnace, reducing the fuel consumption of the direct smelting furnace, reducing the equipment operation fault caused by the condensation of the potassium, sodium and zinc materials due to the change of the flue gas temperature in the subsequent process and ensuring the stable operation of production; the principle is that potassium, sodium and zinc elements are recovered after cooling in a flue gas system by utilizing the different melting points (the melting points are 770 ℃, 800 ℃ and 960 ℃) of potassium, sodium and zinc materials and reducing and vaporizing at high temperature.

According to the invention, the weight ratio of the iron-containing ash, the carbon-containing ash, the fuel, the flux I and the flux II is within the ratio range, so that the conversion from high-melting-point substances to low-melting-point substances can be better promoted, the furnace condition is stabilized, the alkalinity of the furnace slag is adjusted, the reasonable alkalinity of the furnace slag is ensured, the iron grade can be improved as much as possible, the fuel consumption is reduced, the yield is improved, and the stable and smooth production is ensured.

In the embodiment of the invention, the components related to the non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment, such as: the carbon-containing ash bin, the iron-containing ash bin, the fuel bin, the preheating pre-reduction device, the blowing device, the hot air heating device, the smelting reduction furnace, the flux bin, the hot metal tank and the potassium-sodium-zinc separation system all adopt the existing structures or devices, and the structures and the working principles are not described herein.

The embodiment of the invention adopts non-blast furnace ironmaking technology to treat metallurgical dust, iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash in the metallurgical dust are used as non-blast furnace ironmaking raw materials, the iron-containing ash replaces iron powder, the carbon-containing ash replaces part of fuel, and N is adopted₂The air flow sprays the coal powder, the iron-containing powder, the carbon-containing powder and the flux into the smelting reduction furnace together through the spraying equipment, and part of the sprayed coal powder and the sprayed carbon-containing powder can be quickly volatilized at high temperature to form C particles which are melted into a metal molten pool, so that the molten iron is increased in C; the other part of the slag is rolled into slag together with the iron-containing powder, and the reduction reaction is completed in the slag: c + FeO → Fe + CO, and a part of the C + FeO → Fe + CO rushes out of the slag layer along with the ascending air flow to form dust, thereby realizing non-blast furnace smelting of metallurgical dust and realizing high value of the metallurgical dustAnd when the method is used, the consumption of iron powder and fuel by a non-blast furnace ironmaking process is saved, and the metallurgical dust treatment cost and the ironmaking cost are reduced.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

(1) the embodiment of the invention provides non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment, which can realize the high-efficiency utilization of metallurgical dust and simultaneously avoid the problems of quality and yield of sinter caused by the fluctuation of iron and carbon components in the metallurgical dust, and has the following principle: the non-blast furnace ironmaking process is adopted, the metallurgical dust is directly returned to the production flow, the Fe and C in the metallurgical dust are recovered, and the traditional blast furnace ironmaking route is not adopted, so that the problems that the fluctuation of iron and carbon components in the metallurgical dust is large, the quality of sintering ores is not stable, and the yield of a sintering process is influenced are solved, and the defects that the yield and pellet quality of the sintering process are influenced and the smooth operation of a blast furnace is even influenced due to the circulating accumulation of elements such as Zn, Pb, K, Na and the like in the metallurgical dust in the flow are overcome.

(2) The embodiment of the invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust, which takes iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash in the metallurgical dust as non-blast furnace ironmaking raw materials, the iron-containing ash replaces iron powder, and the carbon-containing ash replaces part of fuel, so that non-blast furnace smelting of the metallurgical dust can be realized, the consumption of the non-blast furnace ironmaking process on the iron powder and the fuel is saved while the high-value utilization of the metallurgical dust is realized, and the treatment cost and the ironmaking cost of the metallurgical dust are reduced.

The non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment and the metallurgical dust comprehensive utilization method are explained in detail in the following by combining the examples, the comparative examples and the experimental data.

Example 1

The embodiment provides non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment, as shown in fig. 1, the ironmaking equipment includes a carbon-containing ash bin 1, an iron-containing ash bin 2, a fuel bin 3, a preheating pre-reduction device 4, a blowing device, a hot air heating device 5 and a melting reduction furnace 6, the blowing device and the hot air heating device 5 are both connected to the melting reduction furnace 6, the number of the blowing devices is 3, and the blowing devices are respectively a first blowing device 71, a second blowing device 72 and a third blowing device 73, the first blowing device 71 is connected to the preheating pre-reduction device 4, the preheating pre-reduction device 4 is connected to the iron-containing ash bin 2 and the first flux bin 8, the second blowing device 72 is connected to the carbon-containing ash bin 1 and the fuel bin 3, and the third blowing device 73 is connected to the second flux bin 9.

Optionally, a potassium-sodium-zinc separation system 10 is installed between the preheating pre-reduction device 4 and the first blowing device 71, and a coal mill 11 is installed between the fuel bunker 3 and the second blowing device 72.

Optionally, the hot air heating device 5 includes an oxygen generating device 51, a blower 52 and a hot blast stove 53, the oxygen generating device 51 and the blower 52 are connected to the hot blast stove 53, and the blower 52 is connected to the smelting reduction furnace 6.

Optionally, the smelting reduction furnace 6 is provided with an iron nozzle, a slag hole and an exhaust port.

Optionally, the molten iron hole is connected with the molten iron tank 12.

Optionally, the slag hole is connected to a slag handling facility 13.

Optionally, the exhaust port is connected to the gas treatment device 14.

Example 2

The comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust comprises the following steps:

(1) conveying iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash obtained by a steel smelting dust removal process into an iron-containing ash bin 2 and a carbon-containing ash bin 1 respectively, conveying dolomite powder and limestone powder into a first flux bin 8 and a second flux bin 9 respectively, and conveying fuel into a fuel bin 3;

wherein the iron-containing ash comprises the following chemical components:

the chemical components of the iron-containing ash comprise: TFe: 45% of SO₂：9％，CaO：13％，MgO：4％，Al₂O₃：3.5％，K₂O：5.5％，Na₂O：4.0％，ZnO：3.2％，S：0.15％；

The chemical components of the carbon-containing ash comprise: fixing carbon: 78%, volatile matter: 1.9%, ash content: 18%, sulfur content: 2.1 percent.

(2) Mixing the iron-containing ash and the dolomite powder, conveying the mixture to a preheating pre-reduction device 4 for pre-reduction, wherein the pre-reduction temperature is 800-;

(3) the fuel is treated by a coal mill 11 and then mixed with the carbon-containing ash, and then enters a second injection device 72;

(4) limestone powder enters a third blowing device 73;

(5) oxygen generated by the oxygen generating equipment 51 and air of a blower 52 enter a hot blast stove 53 to be mixed and heated, wherein the heating temperature is 900-1300 ℃;

(6) injecting the first injection equipment 71, the second injection equipment 72, the third injection equipment 73 and the hot blast stove 53 into the melting reduction furnace 6 for reaction at 1300-2500 ℃ for 0.5-10 min;

wherein the weight ratio of the iron-containing ash to the carbon-containing ash to the fuel to the dolomite powder to the limestone powder is as follows: 70: 20: 9.3: 0.2: 0.5, the flow of the hot blast stove 53 is 100m³/s。

(7) After the reaction is finished, the generated molten iron is discharged through a molten iron opening, the generated slag is discharged through a slag opening, and the generated waste gas is discharged through an exhaust opening.

One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have the following technical effects or advantages:

(1) the embodiment of the invention provides non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment, which can realize the high-efficiency utilization of metallurgical dust and simultaneously avoid the problems of quality and yield of sinter caused by the fluctuation of iron and carbon components in the metallurgical dust, and has the following principle: the non-blast furnace ironmaking process is adopted, the metallurgical dust is directly returned to the production flow, the Fe and C in the metallurgical dust are recovered, and the traditional blast furnace ironmaking route is not adopted, so that the problems that the fluctuation of iron and carbon components in the metallurgical dust is large, the quality of sintering ores is not stable, and the yield of a sintering process is influenced are solved, and the defects that the yield and pellet quality of the sintering process are influenced and the smooth operation of a blast furnace is even influenced due to the circulating accumulation of elements such as Zn, Pb, K, Na and the like in the metallurgical dust in the flow are overcome.

(2) The embodiment of the invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of metallurgical dust, which takes iron-containing ash and carbon-containing ash in the metallurgical dust as non-blast furnace ironmaking raw materials, the iron-containing ash replaces iron powder, and the carbon-containing ash replaces part of fuel, so that non-blast furnace smelting of the metallurgical dust can be realized, the consumption of the non-blast furnace ironmaking process on the iron powder and the fuel is saved while the high-value utilization of the metallurgical dust is realized, and the treatment cost and the ironmaking cost of the metallurgical dust are reduced.

Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.