阅读说明：本技术 一种管道溯源排查用高精度管线探测仪 (High-precision pipeline detecting instrument for pipeline tracing and troubleshooting ) 是由 不公告发明人 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种管道溯源排查用高精度管线探测仪,包括管线探测仪,所述管线探测仪的外壁设有辅助移动机构,所述板体一的顶部设有竖板,所述竖板的底部与板体一的顶部一端焊接在一起,所述竖板的顶部设有板体二,所述板体二通过连接轴与竖板转动相连,所述板体一和板体二的顶部均加工有通口,两个所述通口相连通,两个所述通口的内壁均与管线探测仪的外壁间隙配合。该管道溯源排查用高精度管线探测仪,可通过万向轮与地面的贴合,并可带动板体一、板体二和管线探测仪等在地面处进行稳定的水平移动,可带动两个弧形导轨进行同步转动,弧形导轨转动时,无阻碍,进而使得管线探测仪可进行稳定的探测。(The invention discloses a high-precision pipeline detecting instrument for pipeline traceability investigation, which comprises a pipeline detecting instrument, wherein an auxiliary moving mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline detecting instrument, a vertical plate is arranged at the top of a first plate body, the bottom of the vertical plate is welded with one end of the top of the first plate body, a second plate body is arranged at the top of the vertical plate, the second plate body is rotatably connected with the vertical plate through a connecting shaft, through holes are formed in the tops of the first plate body and the second plate body, the two through holes are communicated, and the inner walls of the two through holes are in clearance fit with the outer wall of the pipeline detecting instrument. This high accuracy pipeline detection instrument is used in investigation of tracing to source of pipeline, the laminating of accessible universal wheel and ground to can drive plate body one, plate body two and pipeline detection instrument etc. and carry out stable horizontal migration in ground department, can drive two arc guide rails and carry out synchronous rotation, when the arc guide rail rotates, unimpededly, and then make the pipeline detection instrument can carry out stable detection.)

1. The utility model provides a high accuracy pipeline detection instrument is used in investigation of tracing to source of pipeline, includes pipeline detection instrument (1), its characterized in that: an auxiliary moving mechanism (4) is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline detector (1);

the auxiliary moving mechanism (4) comprises a first plate body (401), a through opening (402), universal wheels (403), a vertical plate (404) and a second plate body (405);

the outer wall of pipeline detection instrument (1) is located in plate body (401), the equal rigid coupling in bottom four corners of plate body (401) has universal wheel (403), the top of plate body (401) is equipped with riser (404), the bottom of riser (404) is in the same place with the top one end welding of plate body (401), the top of riser (404) is equipped with plate body two (405), plate body two (405) rotate with riser (404) through the connecting axle and link to each other, opening (402), two have all been processed at the top of plate body (401) and plate body two (405) opening (402) are linked together, two the inner wall of opening (402) all with the outer wall clearance fit of pipeline detection instrument (1).

2. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a handrail (2) is installed at one end of the outer wall of the pipeline detector (1).

3. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a control panel (3) is installed at the top of the pipeline detector (1).

4. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: an installation mechanism (5) is arranged at the top of the second plate body (405);

the mounting mechanism (5) comprises a first ring body (501), a second ring body (502), a handle (503), an arc-shaped guide rail (504), a sliding block (505), a first cross rod (506), a groove block (507), a second cross rod (508) and a spring (509);

the first ring body (501) is fixedly connected to the top of the second plate body (405), the outer wall of the first ring body (501) is provided with a second ring body (502), the inner wall of the second ring body (502) is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the first ring body (501) through a bearing, the outer wall of the second ring body (502) is fixedly connected with a plurality of handles (503), two ends of the inner wall of the second ring body (502) are respectively provided with an arc-shaped guide rail (504), one end of the outer wall of each of the two arc-shaped guide rails (504) is fixedly connected to two ends of the inner wall of the second ring body (502), the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails (504) are respectively provided with a sliding block (505), the outer walls of the two sliding blocks (505) are respectively connected with the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails (504) in a sliding manner, the bottoms of the two sliding blocks (505) are respectively provided with a first cross rod (506), and the tops of the two cross rods (506) are respectively fixedly connected with the bottoms of the two sliding blocks (505), two the outer wall one end of horizontal pole (506) all supports tightly to be laminated with groove block (507), two groove block (507) rigid coupling respectively in the outer wall both ends of pipeline detection instrument (1), two the inner wall of horizontal pole (506) all is equipped with horizontal pole two (508), two the outer wall of horizontal pole two (508) respectively with the inner wall clearance fit of two horizontal poles one (506), two the outer wall one end rigid coupling respectively in the inner wall both ends of ring body one (501) of horizontal pole two (508) the outer wall of horizontal pole two (508) all is equipped with spring (509), two the inner wall of spring (509) respectively with the outer wall clearance fit of two horizontal poles two (508), two the outer wall one end rigid coupling respectively in the outer wall one end of two horizontal poles one (506), two the outer wall other end rigid coupling respectively in the inner wall both ends of ring body one (501).

5. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 4, wherein: the handles (503) are distributed at equal intervals.

6. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 4, wherein: two arc-shaped guide rails (504) are axially and symmetrically distributed around the first ring body (502).

7. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the first plate body (401) is provided with an adjusting mechanism (6);

the adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a screw rod (601), a handle (602), a threaded sleeve (603) and a rod body (604);

the top one end of plate body (401) is located in screw rod (601), screw rod (601) rotates through bearing frame and plate body (401) and links to each other, the outer wall one end rigid coupling of screw rod (601) has handle (602), the outer wall screw thread of screw rod (601) links to each other threaded sleeve (603), the top of threaded sleeve (603) rotates through the connecting axle and links to each other body of rod (604), the body of rod (604) rotates through connecting axle and plate body two (405) and links to each other.

8. The high-precision pipeline detector for the source tracing and the inspection of the pipeline according to claim 7, wherein: the outer wall of the handle (602) is processed with abrasive grains.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, in particular to a high-precision pipeline detector for pipeline traceability investigation.

Background

The pipeline detector can quickly and accurately detect the position, the trend and the depth of an underground tap water pipeline, a metal pipeline, a cable and the like and the position and the size of a damaged point of an anticorrosive coating of a steel pipeline under the condition of not damaging ground covering soil. The device is one of the necessary instruments for tap water companies, gas companies, railway communication, municipal construction, industrial and mining, and capital construction unit transformation, maintenance and general survey of underground pipelines.

Although current pipeline detection instrument can realize the survey to the pipeline, nevertheless have current pipeline detection instrument when using, need the handheld pipeline detection instrument of user to unsettled, remove in ground department, and then survey the pipeline, survey comparatively difficultly, handheld unsettled, the horizontal migration stability of unable pipeline detection instrument of guaranteeing, the problem of the accurate nature of probably influencing the survey to the pipeline.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-precision pipeline detector for tracing and troubleshooting of a pipeline, and aims to solve the problems that when the existing pipeline detector provided in the background art is used, a user needs to hold the pipeline detector by hand, suspend the pipeline detector in the air, move the pipeline detector on the ground, detect the pipeline, are labor-consuming in detection, cannot guarantee the horizontal movement stability of the pipeline detector by holding the pipeline detector in the air, and possibly influence the accuracy of the pipeline detection.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-precision pipeline detector for pipeline tracing and inspection comprises a pipeline detector, wherein an auxiliary moving mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline detector;

the auxiliary moving mechanism comprises a first plate body, an opening, universal wheels, a vertical plate and a second plate body;

the outer wall of pipeline detection instrument is located to plate body one, the equal rigid coupling in bottom four corners of plate body one has the universal wheel, the top of plate body one is equipped with the riser, the bottom of riser is in the same place with the welding of the top one end of plate body one, the top of riser is equipped with plate body two, plate body two passes through the connecting axle and links to each other with the riser rotation, the opening has all been processed at the top of plate body one and plate body two, two the opening is linked together, two the inner wall of opening all with the outer wall clearance fit of pipeline detection instrument.

Preferably, a handrail is installed at one end of the outer wall of the pipeline detector.

Preferably, a control panel is installed on the top of the pipeline detector.

Preferably, the top of the second plate body is provided with an installation mechanism;

the mounting mechanism comprises a first ring body, a second ring body, a handle, an arc-shaped guide rail, a sliding block, a first cross rod, a groove block, a second cross rod and a spring;

the first ring body is fixedly connected to the top of the second plate body, the outer wall of the first ring body is provided with a second ring body, the inner wall of the second ring body is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the first ring body through a bearing, the outer wall of the second ring body is fixedly connected with a plurality of handles, both ends of the inner wall of the second ring body are respectively provided with an arc-shaped guide rail, one end of the outer wall of each of the two arc-shaped guide rails is respectively and fixedly connected to both ends of the inner wall of the second ring body, the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails are respectively provided with a slide block, the outer walls of the two slide blocks are respectively and slidably connected with the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails, the bottoms of the two slide blocks are respectively and fixedly connected with the bottoms of the two slide blocks, one end of the outer wall of each of the two first cross bars is tightly abutted against a groove block, the two groove blocks are respectively and fixedly connected to both ends of the outer wall of the pipeline detector, and both ends of the inner walls of the two first cross bars are provided with a second cross bar, the outer walls of the two cross rods are respectively in clearance fit with the inner walls of the two cross rods I, one ends of the outer walls of the two cross rods II are respectively and fixedly connected to the two ends of the inner wall of the ring body I, springs are arranged on the outer walls of the two cross rods II, the inner walls of the springs are respectively in clearance fit with the outer walls of the two cross rods II, one ends of the outer walls of the springs are respectively and fixedly connected to one ends of the outer walls of the two cross rods I, and the other ends of the outer walls of the springs are respectively and fixedly connected to the two ends of the inner wall of the ring body I.

Preferably, the handles are distributed at equal intervals in pairs.

Preferably, two of the arc-shaped guide rails are symmetrically distributed around the axis of the ring body.

Preferably, the top of the first plate body is provided with an adjusting mechanism;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a handle, a threaded sleeve and a rod body;

the top one end of plate body one is located to the screw rod, the screw rod rotates with plate body one through the bearing frame and links to each other, the outer wall one end rigid coupling of screw rod has the handle, the outer wall screw thread of screw rod links to each other there is the thread bush, the top of thread bush rotates through the connecting axle and links to each other there is the body of rod, the body of rod passes through the connecting axle and rotates with plate body two and link to each other.

Preferably, the outer wall of the handle is processed with abrasive grains.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has scientific and reasonable structure and safe and convenient use.

This high accuracy pipeline detection instrument is used in investigation of tracing to source of pipeline through the cooperation between plate body one, plate body two and the universal wheel etc for when using the pipeline detection instrument, the laminating of accessible universal wheel and ground, and can drive plate body one, plate body two and pipeline detection instrument etc. and carry out stable horizontal migration in ground department, and then improve the mobility stability of pipeline detection instrument, and then improve the detection precision of pipeline detection instrument.

Through ring body one, ring body two, horizontal pole two, the cooperation between horizontal pole one and the spring etc, make the twist grip, make the handle can drive ring body two and can rotate at the outer wall of ring body one, when ring body two rotates, can drive two arc guide rails and rotate in step, when the arc guide rail rotates, through linking to each other with the slip of slider, and then can drive slider and horizontal pole one and shift out the inner wall of groove piece, make pipeline detection instrument and plate body two wait to dismantle, and accessible spring give horizontal pole one and correspond the groove piece and support the power of tight laminating, make plate body two wait can carry out quick installation with the pipeline detection instrument, it is comparatively convenient, the dismouting of being convenient for.

Through the screw rod, the handle, the cooperation between the body of rod and the thread bush etc. for rotate the handle, make the handle can drive the screw rod and rotate, when the screw rod rotates, can drive the thread bush and carry out the side-to-side motion, when the screw rod removes, can drive the body of rod and rotate, when the body of rod rotates, can drive plate body two and pipeline detection instrument etc. and use the riser as rotating the centre of a circle, carry out the angular rotation, be convenient for according to the handheld pipeline detection instrument custom of the user of difference, carry out angle adjustment to the pipeline detection instrument, improve use comfort.

Through the cooperation between plate body one, plate body two and the opening etc for when plate body two carries out the angle modulation, the rotation of plate body two can be followed to the pipeline detection instrument simultaneously, can rotate in the inside opening of plate body one, does not obstruct the angle modulation of pipeline detection instrument, and the clearance fit of the opening of accessible plate body one and plate body two and pipeline detection instrument, make the bottom of pipeline detection instrument can carry out stable contact with ground, unimpededly, and then make the pipeline detection instrument can carry out stable detection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic plan sectional view of the first plate body, the second plate body and the like in fig. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the universal wheel, the first plate body and the rod body in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the vertical plate, the second plate body and the first plate body in fig. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the second plate body, the through hole and the handle in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc-shaped guide rail, the sliding block and the first cross bar in fig. 2.

In the figure: 1. the pipeline detection instrument comprises a pipeline detection instrument, 2, an armrest, 3, a control panel, 4, an auxiliary moving mechanism, 401, a first plate body, 402, an opening, 403, a universal wheel, 404, a vertical plate, 405, a second plate body, 5, an installation mechanism, 501, a first ring body, 502, a second ring body, 503, a handle, 504, an arc-shaped guide rail, 505, a sliding block, 506, a first cross rod, 507, a groove block, 508, a second cross rod, 509, a spring, 6, an adjusting mechanism, 601, a screw rod, 602, a handle, 603, a threaded sleeve, 604 and a rod body.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-precision pipeline detector for source tracing and investigation of a pipeline comprises a pipeline detector 1, the model of the pipeline detector 1 is selected according to actual working requirements, an auxiliary moving mechanism 4 is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline detector 1, the auxiliary moving mechanism 4 comprises a first plate body 401, a through hole 402, universal wheels 403, vertical plates 404 and a second plate body 405, the first plate body 401 is arranged on the outer wall of the pipeline detector 1, the universal wheels 403 are fixedly connected to four corners of the bottom of the first plate body 401, the universal wheels 403 are used for driving the first plate body 401 and the pipeline detector 1 to move on the ground, the vertical plates 404 are arranged on the top of the first plate body 401, the bottoms of the vertical plates 404 are welded with one end of the top of the first plate body 401, the through holes 405 are formed in the top of the vertical plates 404, the second plate body 405 is rotatably connected with the vertical plates 404 through connecting shafts, the second plate 405 can rotate at the vertical plates 404, the tops of the first plate body 401 and the second plate 405 are both processed with the through holes 402, the two through holes 402 are communicated, the inner walls of the two through holes 402 are in clearance fit with the outer wall of the pipeline detector 1, one end of the outer wall of the pipeline detector 1 is provided with a handrail 2, and the top of the pipeline detector 1 is provided with a control panel 3;

through the matching among the first plate body, the second plate body, the universal wheels and the like, when the pipeline detector is used, the first plate body, the second plate body, the pipeline detector and the like can be driven to stably and horizontally move on the ground through the attachment of the universal wheels and the ground, so that the movement stability of the pipeline detector is improved, and the detection precision of the pipeline detector is further improved;

through the cooperation between plate body one, plate body two and the opening etc for when plate body two carries out the angle modulation, the rotation of plate body two can be followed to the pipeline detection instrument simultaneously, can rotate in the inside opening of plate body one, does not obstruct the angle modulation of pipeline detection instrument, and the clearance fit of the opening of accessible plate body one and plate body two and pipeline detection instrument, make the bottom of pipeline detection instrument can carry out stable contact with ground, unimpededly, and then make the pipeline detection instrument can carry out stable detection.

The top of the second plate body 405 is provided with an installation mechanism 5, the installation mechanism 5 comprises a first ring body 501, a second ring body 502, handles 503, arc-shaped guide rails 504, sliders 505, a first cross bar 506, a groove block 507, a second cross bar 508 and springs 509, the first ring body 501 is fixedly connected to the top of the second plate body 405, the second ring body 502 is arranged on the outer wall of the first ring body 501, the second ring body 502 can rotate on the outer wall of the first ring body 501, the inner wall of the second ring body 502 is rotatably connected with the outer wall of the first ring body 501 through bearings, the handles 503 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ring body 502, the handles 503 are used for driving the second ring body 502 to rotate, the arc-shaped guide rails 504 are arranged at two ends of the inner wall of the second ring body 502, one ends of the outer walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails 504 are respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the inner wall of the second ring body 502, the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails 504 are respectively provided with sliders 505, the outer walls of the two sliders 505 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two arc-shaped guide rails 504, the bottom of each of the two sliding blocks 505 is provided with a first cross bar 506, the top of each of the two first cross bars 506 is fixedly connected with the bottom of each of the two sliding blocks 505, one end of the outer wall of each of the two first cross bars 506 abuts against and is tightly jointed with a groove block 507, the two groove blocks 507 are fixedly connected with two ends of the outer wall of the pipeline detector 1, the inner wall of each of the two first cross bars 506 is provided with a second cross bar 508, so that the first cross bar 506 can move left and right on the outer wall of the second cross bar 508, the outer walls of the two second cross bars 508 are in clearance fit with the inner walls of the two first cross bars 506 respectively, one end of the outer wall of each of the two second cross bars 508 is fixedly connected with two ends of the inner wall of the ring body 501 respectively, the outer walls of the two second cross bars 508 are provided with springs 509, the springs 509 give a force for abutting against and jointing with the corresponding groove blocks 507, the inner walls of the two springs 509 are in clearance fit with the outer walls of the two second cross bars 508 respectively, one end of the outer walls of the two first cross bars 509 are fixedly connected with one end of the two cross bars 506 respectively, the other ends of the outer walls of the two springs 509 are fixedly connected to two ends of the inner wall of the ring body one 501 respectively, the plurality of handles 503 are distributed at equal intervals, so that the handles 503 can drive the ring body two 502 to rotate stably, the two arc-shaped guide rails 504 are distributed in an axial symmetry manner around the ring body one 502, and the two arc-shaped guide rails 504 can drive the corresponding cross rods one 506 to move synchronously in opposite directions;

through ring body one, ring body two, horizontal pole two, the cooperation between horizontal pole one and the spring etc, make the twist grip, make the handle can drive ring body two and can rotate at the outer wall of ring body one, when ring body two rotates, can drive two arc guide rails and rotate in step, when the arc guide rail rotates, through linking to each other with the slip of slider, and then can drive slider and horizontal pole one and shift out the inner wall of groove piece, make pipeline detection instrument and plate body two wait to dismantle, and accessible spring give horizontal pole one and correspond the groove piece and support the power of tight laminating, make plate body two wait can carry out quick installation with the pipeline detection instrument, it is comparatively convenient, the dismouting of being convenient for.

The top of the first plate body 401 is provided with an adjusting mechanism 6, the adjusting mechanism 6 comprises a screw 601, a handle 602, a threaded sleeve 603 and a rod body 604, the screw 601 is arranged at one end of the top of the first plate body 401, the screw 601 is rotatably connected with the first plate body 401 through a bearing seat, one end of the outer wall of the screw 601 is fixedly connected with the handle 602, the handle 602 is used for driving the screw 601 to rotate, the outer wall of the screw 601 is in threaded connection with the threaded sleeve 603, so that the screw 601 can drive the threaded sleeve 603 to move left and right, the top of the threaded sleeve 603 is rotatably connected with the rod body 604 through a connecting shaft, the rod body 604 is rotatably connected with the second plate body 405 through a connecting shaft, the rod body 604 can drive the second plate body 405 to rotate, the outer wall of the handle 602 is provided with grinding grains, and the grinding grains are used for increasing contact friction between the handle 602 and the hand;

through the screw rod, the handle, the cooperation between the body of rod and the thread bush etc. for rotate the handle, make the handle can drive the screw rod and rotate, when the screw rod rotates, can drive the thread bush and carry out the side-to-side motion, when the screw rod removes, can drive the body of rod and rotate, when the body of rod rotates, can drive plate body two and pipeline detection instrument etc. and use the riser as rotating the centre of a circle, carry out the angular rotation, be convenient for according to the handheld pipeline detection instrument custom of the user of difference, carry out angle adjustment to the pipeline detection instrument, improve use comfort.

When the high-precision pipeline detector for pipeline source tracing and investigation is used, when the pipeline detector 1 is used, the universal wheel 403 can be attached to the ground, the first plate body 401, the second plate body 405, the pipeline detector 1 and the like can be driven to stably and horizontally move on the ground, the moving stability of the pipeline detector 1 is further improved, the detection precision of the pipeline detector 1 is further improved, the handle 503 can be rotated, the handle 503 can drive the second ring body 502 to rotate on the outer wall of the first ring body 501, the second ring body 502 can drive the two arc-shaped guide rails 504 to synchronously rotate when rotating, the arc-shaped guide rails 504 are connected with the sliding block 505 in a sliding manner, the sliding block 505 and the first cross bar 506 can be driven to move out of the inner wall of the groove block 507, the pipeline detector 1 can be detached from the first plate body 401, the second plate body 405 and the like, and the first cross bar 506 can be tightly attached to the corresponding groove block 507 through the spring 509, make plate body 401 and plate body two 405 etc. can carry out quick installation with pipeline detection instrument 1, it is comparatively convenient, be convenient for the dismouting, and rotatable handle 602, make handle 602 can drive screw rod 601 and rotate, when screw rod 601 rotates, can drive thread bush 603 and carry out the side-to-side motion, when screw rod 601 removes, can drive body of rod 604 and rotate, when body of rod 604 rotates, can drive plate body two 405 and pipeline detection instrument 1 etc. and use riser 404 as the rotation centre of a circle, carry out the angular rotation, be convenient for according to the handheld pipeline detection instrument 1 custom of the user of difference, carry out angle adjustment to pipeline detection instrument 1, use comfort is improved.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.