阅读说明：本技术 用于转化和分离至少一种反应物及其反应产物的设备和方法 (Apparatus and method for converting and separating at least one reactant and reaction products thereof ) 是由 C·马塔沙 H·埃尔斯兰德 D·奥米罗德 Y·萨特亚瓦利 于 2019-12-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及用于将至少一种反应物(5)转化为反应产物并将所述至少一种反应物与所述反应产物分离的方法和设备,其中所述装置包括具有容器内容积(11)的容器(10)和浸没在所述容器内容积(11)中的限制物(20),所述限制物(20)提供与所述容器内容积(11)流体连通的限制物内容积(21),其中所述容器内容积(11)包含具有第一密度ρ1的第一流体(1)和具有第二密度ρ2的第二流体,其中ρ1>ρ2,从而在容器内容积(11)中使所述第一流体(1)形成下相,而所述第二流体(2)形成上相,其中所述限制物包含具有第三密度ρ3的第三流体(3),其中ρ3>ρ2,从而在所述限制物内容积(21)中使所述第二流体形成上层,而所述第三流体形成下层,其中所述第三流体可以与所述第一流体(1)相同或不同并与之物理分离,其中所述第一流体、第二流体和第三流体中的至少一种与另外两种至多部分地混溶,但优选不混溶,其中所述至少一种反应物(5)和所述反应产物(6)对所述第一流体、第二流体(2)和第三流体中的至少两种具有不同的亲和力,其中所述第一流体(1)和第三流体(3)中的至少一种含有第四相(4),所述第四相是固体或半固体的并且选自能够促进所述至少一种反应物转化为所述反应产物的材料。(The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for converting at least one reactant (5) into a reaction product and separating the at least one reactant from the reaction product, wherein the device comprises a vessel (10) having an inner vessel volume (11) and a restriction (20) submerged in the inner vessel volume (11), the restriction (20) providing an inner restriction volume (21) in fluid communication with the inner vessel volume (11), wherein the inner vessel volume (11) comprises a first fluid (1) having a first density ρ 1 and a second fluid having a second density ρ 2, wherein ρ 1> ρ 2, such that the first fluid (1) forms a lower phase and the second fluid (2) forms an upper phase in the inner vessel volume (11), wherein the restriction comprises a third fluid (3) having a third density ρ 3, wherein ρ 3> ρ 2, thereby causing the second fluid to form an upper layer and the third fluid to form a lower layer in the confined internal volume (21), wherein the third fluid may be the same as or different from the first fluid (1) and physically separated therefrom, wherein at least one of the first, second and third fluids is at most partially miscible with the other two, but preferably immiscible, wherein the at least one reactant (5) and the reaction product (6) have different affinities for at least two of the first, second and third fluids, wherein at least one of the first (1) and third (3) fluids contains a fourth phase (4) which is solid or semi-solid and is selected from materials capable of promoting the conversion of the at least one reactant into the reaction product.)

1. An apparatus for converting at least one reactant (5) into a reaction product and separating the at least one reactant from the reaction product, wherein the apparatus comprises a vessel (10) having a vessel inner volume (11) and a restriction (20) submerged in the vessel inner volume (11), the restriction (20) providing a restriction inner volume (21) in fluid communication with the vessel inner volume (11), wherein the vessel inner volume (11) comprises a first fluid (1) having a first density ρ 1 and a second fluid having a second density ρ 2, wherein ρ 1> ρ 2, such that the first fluid (1) forms a lower phase and the second fluid (2) forms an upper phase in the vessel inner volume (11), wherein the restriction comprises a third fluid (3) having a third density ρ 3, wherein ρ 3> ρ 2, thereby causing the second fluid to form an upper layer and the third fluid to form a lower layer in the confined internal volume (21), wherein the third fluid may be the same as or different from the first fluid (1) and physically separated therefrom, wherein at least one of the first, second and third fluids is at most partially miscible with the other two, but preferably immiscible, wherein the at least one reactant (5) and the reaction product (6) have different affinities for at least two of the first, second and third fluids, wherein at least one of the first (1) and third (3) fluids contains a fourth phase (4) which is solid or semi-solid and is selected from materials capable of promoting the conversion of the at least one reactant into the reaction product.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first fluid (1) and the third fluid (3) are at most partially miscible, but preferably immiscible.

3. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fourth phase (4) is located at the bottom of the container or at the bottom (27) of the restriction (20).

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the restriction further comprises a liquid impermeable restriction wall.

5. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fourth phase (4) is selected from the group of: biologically active materials such as cells or fragments thereof, catalytically active materials capable of promoting chemical reactions, or combinations thereof.

6. The device according to any of claims 1-5, wherein the fourth phase (4) further comprises one or more materials selected from the group consisting of: a stationary phase capable of separation according to chromatographic principles, an adsorbent capable of effecting selective capture of one or more reagents transported by a fluid stream, a porous or non-porous solid reagent carrier, wherein said reagent carrier can comprise one or more covalently or non-covalently bound reagents, a captured liquid or gas, an immobilized chemical reagent, a scavenger, a reaction support, a captured adsorbent or a combination or two or more thereof.

7. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the at least one reactant is contained in the first fluid and one or more of the second and third fluids comprises a compatibilising agent for improving the compatibility of the reaction product with the second and/or third fluids.

8. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the at least one reactant is contained in the third fluid and the first fluid or the second fluid contains a compatibilizing agent for improving the compatibility of the reaction product with the first fluid or the second fluid. .

9. The apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein means (30) are provided for stirring at least one of the first (1), second (2) and third fluids (3).

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the means for agitating (30) at least one of the first (1), second (2) and third (3) fluids is for agitating the restriction (20), preferably for rotating, shaking, rocking or oscillating the restriction (20).

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein said stirring means comprises a first set of rotatable impellers (31) located outside said restriction (20) and near the bottom (27) of said restriction.

12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the agitation means comprises a second set of rotatable impellers (32) located below the open top surface of the restriction (20) and the upper surface (15) of the second fluid.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the impellers (31, 32) are capable of stirring at the same speed as the restriction (20) or at different speeds.

14. The apparatus of any one of claims 9-13, wherein the stirring speed is variable.

15. The apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the position of the restriction (20) in the vertical direction of the reaction vessel (10) is variable.

16. An apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein one or more of the first, second and third fluids comprises a material capable of selectively capturing the at least one reactant or reaction product, and combinations of two or more such materials.

17. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the restriction comprises a bottom and a peripheral wall that is impermeable to liquid, and a top surface that is at least partially open and capable of communicating with the interior volume of the container.

18. A process for converting at least one reactant (5) into at least one reaction product and separating the at least one reactant from the at least one reaction product, wherein the process comprises the steps of:

-supplying the at least one reactant to one or more of a first, a second or a third fluid contained in a vessel (10), the vessel (10) having an inner vessel volume (11), a restriction (20) being immersed in the inner vessel volume (11), the restriction (20) providing an inner restriction volume (21) in fluid communication with the inner vessel volume (11), wherein the first fluid (1) has a first density p 1 and the second fluid has a second density p 2, wherein p 1> p 2, wherein the first fluid (1) and the second fluid (2) are at most partially miscible, such that the first fluid (1) forms a lower phase and the second fluid (2) forms an upper phase in the inner vessel volume (11), wherein the inner vessel volume (11) is at most partially filled with the second fluid (2) in fluid communication with the inner restriction volume (21), wherein the restriction comprises a third fluid (3) having a third density p 3, wherein p 3> p 2, such that the second fluid forms an upper layer and the third fluid forms a lower layer in the restriction internal volume (21), wherein the third fluid (3) may be the same or different from the first fluid (1), wherein at least one of the first, second and third fluids is immiscible with the other two,

-wherein at least one of the first and third fluids comprises a fourth phase, the fourth phase being solid or semi-solid and being selected from materials capable of promoting the conversion of the at least one reactant into the reaction product,

-wherein the at least one reactant and the at least one reaction product have different affinities for at least two of the first, second and third fluids.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein at least one of the first, second, or third fluids undergoes agitation.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the agitating is performed in a manner that promotes transfer between the first, second, and third fluids while minimizing mixing of the first, second, and third fluids.

21. The method according to any of claims 18-20, wherein the fourth phase (4) is selected from the group of: a catalyst, a catalyst comprising a catalytically active material supported on a support material or an immobilized biological entity capable of converting a reactant into a desired reaction product.

22. The method of any one of claims 18-21, wherein the at least one reactant is supplied to the second fluid, wherein the reactant is more compatible with the first fluid than the second fluid, wherein the at least one reactant undergoes a reaction in the first fluid to form at least one reaction product, wherein the at least one reaction product is more compatible with the third fluid than with the first and second fluids, and wherein the reaction product is recovered from the third fluid.

23. The method of any one of claims 18-21, wherein the at least one reactant is supplied to the second fluid, wherein the at least one reactant is more compatible with the third fluid than with the second fluid, wherein the at least one reactant undergoes a reaction in the third fluid to form the at least one reaction product, wherein the at least one reaction product is more compatible with the first fluid than with the second and third fluids, and wherein the at least one reaction product is recovered from the first fluid.

24. The method of any one of claims 18-23, wherein the at least one reactant is supplied in excess.