阅读说明：本技术 一种紫灵芝速溶茶超微粉碎酶解生产工艺 (Superfine grinding enzymolysis production process of purple lucid ganoderma instant tea ) 是由 钟德华 钟天明 钟德发 饶志雄 温德才 罗茂春 林标声 傅明骏 刘晴 莫清藓 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种紫灵芝速溶茶超微粉碎酶解生产工艺,包括以下步骤：(1)将紫灵芝干燥后进行超微粉碎,加水溶解,再加入SP酶-漆酶的混合酶溶液,酶解提取后过滤并收集滤液,浓缩得到灵芝浓缩液；(2)绿茶浸泡、过滤后,收集绿茶上清液并浓缩得到绿茶浓缩液；(3)将灵芝浓缩液和绿茶浓缩液按比例混合均匀,灭菌后加入麦芽糊精辅料,搅拌均匀；(4)喷雾干燥,获得紫灵芝速溶茶。本发明采用超微粉碎加酶解生产工艺,所制备的灵芝速溶茶溶解性能好、冲泡方便,冲泡后的汤液色泽均匀,香味芳香浓郁,口感丰满,细细品味能感受到丝丝缕缕清甜,能保持灵芝原有的清香,且其三萜、多糖等营养成分得到了最大限度的保留、溶解和吸收。(The invention discloses a superfine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea, which comprises the following steps: (1) drying Ganoderma, micronizing, dissolving in water, adding mixed enzyme solution of SP enzyme and laccase, performing enzymolysis extraction, filtering, collecting filtrate, and concentrating to obtain Ganoderma concentrated solution; (2) soaking green tea, filtering, collecting green tea supernatant, and concentrating to obtain green tea concentrated solution; (3) uniformly mixing the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution and the green tea concentrated solution according to a proportion, sterilizing, adding maltodextrin auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring; (4) spray drying to obtain the purple lucid ganoderma instant tea. The invention adopts the production process of superfine grinding and enzymolysis, the prepared ganoderma lucidum instant tea has good dissolving performance, is convenient to brew, the brewed soup has uniform color, aromatic and rich fragrance, and full mouthfeel, the fine taste can feel the fresh and sweet of the silk thread strand, the original faint scent of the ganoderma lucidum can be kept, and the nutrient components such as triterpene, polysaccharide and the like are reserved, dissolved and absorbed to the maximum extent.)

1. An ultrafine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) drying and crushing ganoderma sinense to a particle size of not more than 2 mu m, adding water according to a proportion of 1: 10-15 g/mL for dissolving, adding an NSP enzyme-laccase mixed enzyme solution accounting for 4-7% of the total mass of ganoderma sinense, carrying out enzymolysis at 30-40 ℃ for 10-12 h, boiling and extracting for 30-40 min, filtering while hot, collecting filter residue and primary filtrate, adding water into the filter residue, continuing boiling and extracting for 1-1.5 h, filtering while hot, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, and concentrating to 1/3 of the original volume by using a rotary evaporator to obtain ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution;

(2) adding water with the volume 10-20 times that of the green tea into the green tea, soaking for 20-24 hours at normal temperature, filtering, collecting the supernatant of the green tea, and concentrating the supernatant to 1/3 of the original volume by using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated green tea solution;

(3) uniformly mixing the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution and the green tea concentrated solution in proportion, treating the mixed solution at 75-78 ℃ for 15-20 min for sterilization, adding 17-22% (m/V) of maltodextrin auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring;

(4) and (3) spray-drying the mixed solution by adopting a spray dryer to obtain the purple lucid ganoderma instant tea.

2. The superfine grinding and enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), dried ganoderma sinense is firstly ground into 20-40 mesh and then is superfine ground into particles with a size not more than 2 μm.

3. The ultrafine grinding and enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the ratio of NSP enzyme to laccase in the NSP enzyme-laccase mixed enzyme solution is 20: 1-10: 1, and the pH of the mixed enzyme solution is 5.0-5.5.

4. The superfine grinding and enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 3, wherein the NSP enzyme and the activity thereof are as follows: the cellulase activity is 2000-4000U/g, the pectinase activity is 100-300U/g, the xylanase activity is 10000-20000U/g, the beta-glucanase activity is 1000-1500U/g, and the mannanase activity is 200-300U/g.

5. The superfine grinding and enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), 8-9 times of water is added into filter residue.

6. The superfine grinding and enzymolysis production process of the ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution and the green tea concentrated solution are mixed according to a volume ratio of 3-5: 1.

7. The ultrafine grinding and enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the maltodextrin auxiliary material is composed of maltodextrin and beta-cyclodextrin according to a mass ratio of 9-12: 1.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of purple lucid ganoderma instant tea, and particularly relates to a superfine grinding enzymolysis production process of purple lucid ganoderma instant tea.

Background

Ganoderma sinensis (Ganoderma sinense) is a specific kind of Ganoderma lucidum in China, is a fungus of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae of Basidiomycetes, is sweet, warm, nontoxic, mainly deaf, beneficial to joint, refreshing, vital essence and energy, and good in color. It can be taken for a long time, and has effects of reducing weight, and prolonging life. In the Chinese pharmacopoeia of 2005 edition, dry fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinensis and Ganoderma lucidum (Ganoderma lucidum) are commonly determined as medicinal products of Ganoderma lucidum, but compared with Ganoderma lucidum, the Ganoderma lucidum has no bitter taste, has multiple biological functions of Ganoderma lucidum, and has good market development potential and application prospect in the development of Ganoderma lucidum health tea.

The modern life rhythm is accelerated, the mental stress is high, and the factors such as excessive drinking, smoking, air blowing, air conditioning, long-term lack of outdoor exercises and the like cause the immune function disorder and the resistance of people to be reduced. Immune dysfunction can cause weakness and reduce the ability to resist diseases, so that some people can repeatedly catch a cold, asthma and liver diseases, and some people even can not resist any epidemic diseases. The ganoderma lucidum is a traditional nourishment, can improve the cellular immunity level, enhance the phagocytosis capacity, has definite immunoregulation health-care function, can enhance the human immunity and improve the body resistance, and is suitable for people with weak constitution, low immunity and sub-health, especially for patients with tumors and liver diseases. The latest research shows that the ganoderma lucidum water extract can obviously inhibit the infection of novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) in vivo and in vitro (the Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (PNAS), No. 2021 year 5), and the ganoderma lucidum can be further concerned by people in improving the number and activity of various immunocytes in human body and enhancing the capability of identifying, poisoning and killing germ, virus and tumor cells, so that the ganoderma lucidum tea product and other ganoderma lucidum series health products have great market potential.

The production process of the main product of the ganoderma lucidum tea in the current market is that the ganoderma lucidum and the tea are ground into powder according to a certain proportion and then directly bagged and soaked in water for drinking, the adopted raw materials are mainly red ganoderma lucidum, the ganoderma lucidum tea prepared by the method has bitter taste, poor taste and unobvious tea taste, active ingredients such as ganoderma lucidum tri-tartaric acid, ganoderma lucidum flavone and the like are not easy to absorb, and the loss of functional ingredients is large. The Ganoderma fruiting body has high lignification degree, and its effective components are difficult to degrade and dissolve. The superfine powder with the particle size of the superfine powder is fine and evenly distributed, the specific surface area of a sample is greatly increased by the superfine powder with the particle size of the near nanometer fine particle, and the adsorbability, the dissolubility and the like of the sample are correspondingly increased. The non-starch polysaccharidase can decompose fiber, semi-fiber, pectin and oligosaccharide in a sample, and the laccase is an important lignin degrading enzyme. In addition, the content of polysaccharide in Ganoderma sinense is high.

In conclusion, the traditional ganoderma lucidum tea has bitter taste, poor taste and unobvious tea flavor, is unacceptable to many consumers and influences the market expansion of the traditional ganoderma lucidum tea. In addition, the effective components of the traditional process, such as the ganoderma tea, the ganoderma lucidum tritertic acid, the ganoderma lucidum flavone and the like, are not easy to absorb, and the loss of the functional components is large. Therefore, a new process is needed to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a superfine grinding enzymolysis production process of purple ganoderma lucidum instant tea, which improves the absorption of active ingredients of ganoderma lucidum tea and improves the taste of ganoderma lucidum tea.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an ultrafine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea comprises the following steps:

(1) drying and crushing ganoderma sinense, sieving with a 20-40-mesh sieve, carrying out superfine crushing until the particle size is not more than 2 mu m, adding water according to the proportion of 1: 10-15 g/mL for dissolving, adding an NSP enzyme-laccase mixed enzyme solution with the total mass of 4-7% of the ganoderma sinense, carrying out enzymolysis for 10-12 h at 30-40 ℃, boiling and extracting for 30-40 min, filtering while hot, collecting filter residue and primary filtrate, adding water into the filter residue, continuing boiling and extracting for 1-1.5 h, filtering while hot, collecting secondary filtrate, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, and concentrating to 1/3 of the original volume by using a rotary evaporator to obtain a ganoderma concentrated solution;

(2) adding water with the volume 10-20 times that of the green tea into the green tea, soaking for 20-24 hours at normal temperature, filtering, collecting the supernatant of the green tea, and concentrating the supernatant to 1/3 of the original volume by using a rotary evaporator to obtain a concentrated green tea solution;

(3) uniformly mixing the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution and the green tea concentrated solution in proportion, treating the mixed solution at 75-78 ℃ for 15-20 min for sterilization, adding 17-22% (m/V) of maltodextrin auxiliary material, and uniformly stirring;

(4) and (3) carrying out spray drying on the mixed solution by using a spray dryer to obtain instant powder, and then carrying out vacuum compression packaging by using a vacuum compressor, wherein each bag is 5-10 g.

In the step (1), the ratio of the NSP enzyme to the laccase in the mixed enzyme solution of the NSP enzyme and the laccase is 20: 1-10: 1, and the pH value of the mixed enzyme solution is 5.0-5.5.

The NSP enzyme and the activity thereof are as follows: the cellulase activity is 2000-4000U/g, the pectinase activity is 100-300U/g, the xylanase activity is 10000-20000U/g, the beta-glucanase activity is 1000-1500U/g, and the mannanase activity is 200-300U/g.

In the step (1), 8-9 times of water is added into filter residues.

In the step (3), the ganoderma lucidum concentrated solution and the green tea concentrated solution are mixed according to the volume ratio of 3-5: 1.

In the step (3), the maltodextrin auxiliary material is composed of maltodextrin and beta-cyclodextrin according to a mass ratio of 9-12: 1.

According to the technical scheme, purple lucid ganoderma is used as a main raw material, a traditional red lucid ganoderma debitterizing process is not needed, the purple lucid ganoderma is directly subjected to superfine grinding and is combined with a non-starch polysaccharidase (NSP enzyme) -laccase complex enzyme enzymolysis technology to fully extract effective components in the purple lucid ganoderma, and then the effective components are combined with certain auxiliary materials to prepare the lucid ganoderma instant tea.

Aiming at the characteristics of ganoderma sinense, the invention adopts a production process of superfine grinding and enzymolysis, which helps ganoderma sinense to be better dissolved to the maximum extent, and the active ingredients of the ganoderma sinense can be released and absorbed to the maximum extent. The product disclosed by the invention is drunk by 30 persons, and then the average score is 82.6-90.3, and 85.6, so that the product is approved by most people and has good market potential.

Detailed Description

The method for evaluating the product performance of the ganoderma lucidum instant tea prepared in the following example comprises the following steps:

the quality of the ganoderma lucidum instant tea is comprehensively evaluated according to 5 indexes of finished product appearance (10 points), solubility (10 points), liquor color (20 points), aroma (20 points) and taste (40 points), and is expressed by 100 points. Specific scoring criteria are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 Scoring Standard of product Properties of instant Ganoderma tea

Example 1

An ultrafine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea comprises the following steps:

(1) drying Ganoderma sinense, pulverizing, sieving with 20 mesh sieve, micronizing to particle size of no more than 2 μm, dissolving in water at a ratio of 1:10g/mL, adding 5% NSP enzyme-laccase mixed enzyme solution (NSP enzyme and laccase ratio is 20:1, pH5.0), performing enzymolysis at 40 deg.C for 12 hr, boiling and extracting for 30min, filtering while hot, collecting, adding 8 times volume of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 1 hr, filtering while hot, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to 1/3 of original volume with rotary evaporator to obtain Ganoderma concentrated solution;

note: NSP enzyme and its activity composition: the cellulase activity is 2000U/g, the pectinase activity is 300U/g, the xylanase activity is 10000U/g, the beta-glucanase activity is 1000U/g, and the mannanase activity is 200U/g;

(2) adding water 20 times the volume of green tea, soaking at normal temperature for 20h, filtering, collecting green tea supernatant, and concentrating to 1/3 of original volume with rotary evaporator to obtain green tea concentrated solution;

(3) mixing Ganoderma concentrated solution and green tea concentrated solution at volume ratio of 3:1, treating the mixed solution at 75 deg.C for 15min for sterilization, adding 22% (m/V) maltodextrin adjuvant (maltodextrin: beta-cyclodextrin 9:1)), and stirring.

(4) Spray drying the mixed solution by using a spray dryer to obtain instant powder;

(5) and (5) performing vacuum compression packaging by using a vacuum compressor, wherein each bag is 5 g.

The product prepared by the embodiment has good dissolubility and convenient brewing, the brewed soup has uniform color, aromatic and rich fragrance and full taste, the fine taste can feel the fresh and sweet color of the silk thread, the original fragrance of the lucid ganoderma can be kept, and the average score is 83.2 points after 30 persons drink the lucid ganoderma.

Example 2

An ultrafine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea comprises the following steps:

(1) drying Ganoderma sinense, pulverizing, sieving with 40 mesh sieve, micronizing to particle size of no more than 2 μm, dissolving in water at a ratio of 1:15g/mL, adding 7% NSP enzyme-laccase (NSP enzyme and laccase ratio is 10:1, pH5.0) mixed enzyme solution, performing enzymolysis at 30 deg.C for 12 hr, boiling and extracting for 40min, filtering while hot, collecting, adding 9 times volume of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 1.5 hr, hot filtering, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to 1/3 of original volume with rotary evaporator to obtain Ganoderma concentrated solution;

note: NSP enzyme and its activity composition: 4000U/g of cellulase activity, 100U/g of pectinase activity, 20000U/g of xylanase activity, 1000U/g of beta-glucanase activity and 300U/g of mannanase activity;

(2) adding water with the volume 10 times of that of the green tea into the green tea, soaking for 24h at normal temperature, filtering, collecting the green tea supernatant, and concentrating to 1/3 of the original volume by using a rotary evaporator to obtain a green tea concentrated solution;

(3) mixing Ganoderma concentrated solution and green tea concentrated solution at volume ratio of 4:1, treating the mixed solution at 78 deg.C for 15min for sterilization, adding 20% (m/V) maltodextrin adjuvant (maltodextrin: beta-cyclodextrin 10:1)), and stirring.

(4) Spray drying the mixed solution by using a spray dryer to obtain instant powder;

(5) and (5) performing vacuum compression packaging by using a vacuum compressor, wherein each bag is 10 g.

The product prepared by the embodiment has good dissolubility and convenient brewing, the brewed soup has uniform color, aromatic and rich fragrance and full taste, the fine taste can feel the fresh and sweet color of the silk thread, the original fragrance of the lucid ganoderma can be kept, and the average score is 85.9 minutes after 30 persons drink the lucid ganoderma.

Example 3

An ultrafine grinding enzymolysis production process of ganoderma sinense instant tea comprises the following steps:

(1) drying Ganoderma sinense, pulverizing, sieving with a 30-mesh sieve, micronizing to obtain powder with particle size not more than 2 μm, dissolving in water at a ratio of 1:12g/mL, adding mixed enzyme solution of 4% NSP enzyme-laccase (the ratio of NSP enzyme to laccase is 15:1, pH5.5), performing enzymolysis at 35 deg.C for 10h, boiling and extracting for 30min, filtering while hot, collecting, adding 8 times of water into the residue, boiling and extracting for 1-1.5 h, filtering while hot, mixing filtrates, and concentrating to 1/3 of original volume with a rotary evaporator to obtain Ganoderma concentrated solution;

note: NSP enzyme and its activity composition: 3000U/g of cellulase activity, 200U/g of pectinase activity, 15000U/g of xylanase activity, 1200U/g of beta-glucanase activity and 250U/g of mannanase activity;

(2) adding 15 times of water into green tea, soaking at normal temperature for 20h, filtering, collecting green tea supernatant, and concentrating to 1/3 of original volume with rotary evaporator to obtain green tea concentrated solution;

(3) mixing Ganoderma concentrated solution and green tea concentrated solution at volume ratio of 5:1, treating the mixed solution at 75 deg.C for 20min for sterilization, adding 22% (m/V) maltodextrin adjuvant (maltodextrin: beta-cyclodextrin 12:1)), and stirring.

(4) Spray drying the mixed solution by using a spray dryer to obtain instant powder;

(5) and (5) performing vacuum compression packaging by using a vacuum compressor, wherein each bag is 5 g.

The product prepared by the embodiment has good dissolubility and convenient brewing, the brewed soup has uniform color, aromatic and rich fragrance and full taste, the fine taste can feel the fresh and sweet color of the silk thread, the original fragrance of the lucid ganoderma can be kept, and the average score is 89.3 points after 30 persons drink the lucid ganoderma.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.