阅读说明：本技术 一种干粉的鉴定方法及装置 (Dry powder identification method and device ) 是由 陈春来 陈庭优 于 2020-05-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种干粉的鉴定方法及装置,包括：先在封闭干燥的环境下,测量对燃烧物N次灭火均成功所需的最少新粉用量可刚好灭最大之火；其中,N≥5；在相同环境下,取等量的待测干粉对相同燃烧物进行灭火；若灭火成功,则鉴定本灭火内待测干粉可重新使用；若灭火失败,则鉴定待测干粉不可重新使用。本发明可实现对干粉(过期干粉、待充装干粉等)的灭火性能进行可视化鉴定,其所需极少的干粉以及燃烧物即可完成干粉性能的测试,且测试结果准确、安全性高。(The invention discloses a method and a device for identifying dry powder, which comprises the following steps: firstly, under a closed and dry environment, the minimum new powder dosage required for successfully extinguishing the fire of a comburent for N times is measured, and the maximum fire can be just extinguished; wherein N is more than or equal to 5; taking the same amount of dry powder to be detected to extinguish the fire of the same comburent under the same environment; if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected in the fire extinguishment can be reused; and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused. The invention can realize visual identification of the fire extinguishing performance of the dry powder (overdue dry powder, dry powder to be filled and the like), can finish the test of the dry powder performance by using very little dry powder and combustion substances, and has accurate test result and high safety.)

1. A method for identifying a dry powder, comprising:

under a closed and dry environment, measuring the amount of new powder required for successfully extinguishing the fire of the comburent for N times; wherein N is more than or equal to 5;

taking the same amount of dry powder to be detected to extinguish the fire of the same comburent under the same environment;

if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused;

and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the environment has a humidity lower than the humidity in the fire extinguisher bottle and the temperature is within the national standard range.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein N is 10.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the comburent is wood for identifying class a fires or heptane oil for identifying class B fires.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of fresh powder or dry powder to be tested required is less than 1% of the total dry powder in the fire extinguisher.

6. An authentication apparatus for implementing the authentication method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising, in order from top to bottom: the device comprises a powder blowing component, a dry powder container for placing dry powder, a comburent container and a driving component;

the dry powder container is arranged at the upper part in the fire extinguishing box with a lower opening, the blow pipe of the powder blowing assembly is positioned above the dry powder container, and the switch of the powder blowing assembly is triggered by the driving assembly; the comburent container is placed on a lifting platform, and the lifting platform is connected with the driving assembly;

after the weighed dry powder to be tested and the weighed comburent are added into the dry powder container and the comburent container, the comburent is ignited, the driving assembly drives the ascending platform to move upwards to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing box, and at the moment, the driving assembly triggers the powder blowing assembly to work; the powder blowing assembly blows the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container through a blowing pipe to extinguish the fire of the combustion object; if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused; and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

7. The authentication device of claim 6, wherein said powder blowing assembly comprises: the piston cylinder, the piston and the starting inclined hook;

the piston is arranged in the vertical piston cylinder, the lower end of the piston cylinder is embedded into the cover of the fire extinguishing box, and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing box through the blowpipe; when the piston falls down from top to bottom in the piston cylinder, the air in the piston cylinder is blown out through the blow pipe so as to blow off the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container;

the starting inclined hook is arranged at the upper part of the piston cylinder and used for hooking the piston to be dropped.

8. The authentication device of claim 7 wherein said drive assembly comprises: a cylinder and a starting rod;

the ejection end of the cylinder is connected with the lifting table, and the starting rod is mounted on the lifting table;

when the ascending table moves upwards to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing box, the starting rod jacks up the starting inclined hook, so that the starting inclined hook is separated from the limit of the piston.

9. The assay device of claim 6, wherein the dry powder container comprises a dry powder cup, a cup holder, and a holder;

the dry powder cup is used for containing dry powder to be tested and is placed on the cup holding seat, and the cup holding seat is fixed in the fire extinguishing box through the bracket.

10. The assay device of claim 6 wherein the substrate holder comprises a match socket and a heptane oil pan.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishers, in particular to an identification method and device for visually identifying dry powder in a fire extinguisher.

Background

The service life of the dry powder in the conventional dry powder fire extinguisher is carried out according to the national standard requirement, namely the dry powder in the dry powder fire extinguisher needs to be replaced after the national standard of most countries stipulates more than 5 years; however, if the flowability of the overdue dry powder meets the national standard, the fire extinguishing agent cannot be judged whether the fire extinguishing effect is lost or not at present; meanwhile, fire extinguishers and dry powders are not tested for the fire extinguishing effect of each batch of new powder in the production process.

For example, the powder and fire extinguishers of the same type factories:

a, 25 years old and 65 years old use 10 or 12kg dry powder fire extinguisher with total weight of approximately 20 kg.

And B, the fire-fighting suit is worn with experience and is not worn without experience.

And the fire extinguishing environment temperature can be at the temperature of more than 0, and can also be in tropical zone or summer.

The obtained performance can be different by several times, so that the problem is not caused to the powder or fire extinguisher, which is particularly frequent in countries with the life of a paper report of a type test report of only 5 years, and the most important fire extinguishing test mode can not meet the standard of fire extinguishing because the automatic mechanical fire extinguishing cannot be fixed and people and the formed fire extinguishing standard can be similar to a nominal fire extinguishing standard by time and day only because a tester is old or out of duty or the air temperature and the air speed.

The existing reuse technology is used for a windowless fire extinguisher (the fire extinguisher with the fluidity of the dry powder in the metal bottle can not be observed by naked eyes during inspection) for many years in an environment-friendly country, but the reuse cost is possibly higher than that of a new product, and the operation process is as follows:

firstly, taking out the over-term dry powder from the fire extinguisher;

secondly, each fire extinguisher must be identified whether the fire extinguisher belongs to ABC dry powder (acidity);

stirring uniformly by using a large-scale machine;

if not, the method conforms to the national standard and has various process procedures.

The problems of the technology are as follows:

if the capacity of each batch of the machine is 10 tons, but the machine contains 1% of BC sodium bicarbonate dry powder (alkaline), the whole barrel must be scrapped for abc dry powder extinguishing agent if the machine is stirred uniformly.

Secondly, the time from powder taking to finished product process is often up to dozens of days, the powder is exposed to air with high humidity and is affected with damp, and the dehumidification in the first four is extremely difficult to process because the whole set of equipment is large and difficult to seal and then a dehumidifier is used for removing the damp in the air.

Thirdly, no fire extinguishing test is carried out, so that whether the fire extinguishing is suitable or not is not identified!

Fourthly, the powder in the metal bottle can not be observed because no window exists, no matter the powder is reused, the brand powder is new, or the problem of hard formation which cannot be detected within 5 years can not be shot. Therefore, the standard dry powder extinguishing agent must be scrapped all over the world for 5 years.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an identification method and device for visually identifying dry powder in a fire extinguisher.

The invention discloses a dry powder identification method, which comprises the following steps:

under a closed and dry environment, measuring the amount of new powder required for successfully extinguishing the fire of the comburent for N times; wherein N is more than or equal to 5;

taking the same amount of dry powder to be detected to extinguish the fire of the same comburent under the same environment;

if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused;

and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

As a further improvement of the invention, the humidity of the environment is lower than the humidity in the fire extinguisher bottle, and the temperature is in the national standard range.

As a further improvement of the invention, N is 10.

As a further improvement of the invention, the comburent is wood for identifying and extinguishing class A fire or heptane oil for identifying and extinguishing class B fire.

As a further improvement of the invention, the required amount of the new powder or the amount of the dry powder to be tested is less than 1 percent of the total dry powder in the fire extinguisher.

The invention also discloses a dry powder identification device, which sequentially comprises the following components from top to bottom: the device comprises a powder blowing component, a dry powder container for placing dry powder, a comburent container and a driving component;

the dry powder container is arranged at the upper part in the fire extinguishing box with a lower opening, the blow pipe of the powder blowing assembly is positioned above the dry powder container, and the switch of the powder blowing assembly is triggered by the driving assembly; the comburent container is placed on a lifting platform, and the lifting platform is connected with the driving assembly;

after the weighed dry powder to be tested and the weighed comburent are added into the dry powder container and the comburent container, the comburent is ignited, the driving assembly drives the ascending platform to move upwards to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing box, and at the moment, the driving assembly triggers the powder blowing assembly to work; the powder blowing assembly blows the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container through a blowing pipe to extinguish the fire of the combustion object; if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused; and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the powder blowing assembly comprises: the piston cylinder, the piston and the starting inclined hook;

the piston is arranged in the vertical piston cylinder, the lower end of the piston cylinder is embedded into the cover of the fire extinguishing box, and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder is communicated with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing box through the blowpipe; when the piston falls down from top to bottom in the piston cylinder, the air in the piston cylinder is blown out through the blow pipe so as to blow off the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container;

the starting inclined hook is arranged at the upper part of the piston cylinder and used for hooking the piston to be dropped.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the drive assembly comprises: a cylinder and a starting rod;

the ejection end of the cylinder is connected with the lifting table, and the starting rod is mounted on the lifting table;

when the ascending table moves upwards to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing box, the starting rod jacks up the starting inclined hook, so that the starting inclined hook is separated from the limit of the piston.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the dry powder container comprises a dry powder cup, a cup holder and a bracket;

the dry powder cup is used for containing dry powder to be tested and is placed on the cup holding seat, and the cup holding seat is fixed in the fire extinguishing box through the bracket.

As a further development of the invention, the comburent container comprises a match socket and a heptane oil pan.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention can realize visual identification of the fire extinguishing performance of the dry powder (overdue dry powder, dry powder to be filled and the like), can finish the test of the dry powder performance by using very little dry powder and combustion substances, and has accurate test result and high safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the disclosed fire-extinguishing authentication device;

fig. 2 is a state diagram of the disclosed identification apparatus before extinguishing a fire according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:

the invention provides a dry powder identification method, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, measuring the minimum new powder dosage required for successfully extinguishing the fire of a comburent for N times under a closed and dry environment to just extinguish the maximum fire; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

in the testing stage, the required environment is windless, dry, proper temperature and the like which meet the requirement of the dry powder in the fire extinguisher; further, the humidity of the environment is lower than that in the fire extinguisher bottle, and the temperature is in the national standard range; the environment can be realized by adding equipment such as an air conditioner, a dryer and the like.

The environmental factors of each measurement are consistent, the number of times N of the measurement is more than or equal to 5, and preferably, N is 10; if the new powder or the standard powder with the same dosage can meet the fire extinguishing requirement on the comburent, and if the dry powder to be detected can not realize the fire extinguishing under the same environment, the dry powder can be indicated to be invalid or not meet the standard requirement.

In order to ensure that the dry powder required by the test is consistent with the dry powder filled in the fire extinguisher bottle, the amount of the dry powder required by the test is ensured not to influence the filling of the fire extinguisher bottle by the residual dry powder as much as possible; therefore, the dosage of the dry powder to be tested is less than 1% of the total dry powder in the fire extinguisher, and further, for the fire extinguisher with the dry powder filling amount of 2000g, 5-20 g can be selected during testing; further, if a sub-standard fill weight is later found, a new dry powder addition for the fire extinguisher may be used.

In order to realize the test of A, B fire, the invention can select different types of combustion materials; for example, the combustion substance is wood of the same fire wood or heptane oil, the wood is used for identifying and extinguishing A-type fire, and the heptane oil is used for identifying and extinguishing B-type fire.

Further, only one identification is needed for one type of new meal in step 1.

Step 2, after the standard powder or the new powder required by fire extinguishment is verified, taking the same amount of dry powder to be detected to extinguish the fire of the same comburent under the same environment; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

in the step 2, the difference from the step 1 is only that the dry powder is replaced, the other conditions are consistent, and the test only needs one time;

further, in step 2, the dry powder to be tested needs to be identified each time before filling.

Step 3, if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected in the fire extinguishment can be reused;

and 4, if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected in the fire extinguishment can not be reused.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a dry powder identification device capable of implementing the above identification method based on the dry powder identification method of the technology, which comprises the following components in sequence from top to bottom: the device comprises a powder blowing component, a dry powder container for placing dry powder, a comburent container and a driving component; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the dry powder container is arranged at the upper part in the fire extinguishing box with the lower opening, the blow pipe of the powder blowing assembly is positioned above the dry powder container, and the switch of the powder blowing assembly is triggered by the driving assembly; the comburent container is placed on the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is connected with the driving assembly; when the device is used, after weighed dry powder and combustion substances to be detected are added into a dry powder container and a combustion substance container, the combustion substances are ignited, the driving assembly drives the lifting platform to move upwards to seal a lower opening of the fire extinguishing box, and the driving assembly triggers the powder blowing assembly to work after fixed combustion is achieved; the powder blowing component blows the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container through a blowing pipe to extinguish the fire of the combustion object; if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused; and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the powder blowing assembly of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a blow pipe 5, a piston cylinder 3, a piston 4 and a starting inclined hook 12, wherein the piston 4 is arranged in the vertical piston cylinder 3, the lower end of the piston cylinder 3 is embedded into a cover 14 of a fire extinguishing box 16, and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 is communicated with the inner cavity of the fire extinguishing box 16 through the blow pipe 5; when the piston 4 falls down in the piston cylinder 3 from top to bottom, the air in the piston cylinder 3 is blown out through the blow pipe 5 so as to blow away the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container; the design of the equipment can change the density of the dust with uniform fire extinguishing after the dry powder is blown away, and the starting inclined hook 12 is arranged at the upper part of the piston cylinder 3 and used for hooking the piston 4 to be dropped.

More specifically, the powder blowing assembly of the present invention comprises: a blow pipe 5, a piston cylinder 3, a piston 4, a starting inclined hook 12 and a slip-off preventer 1; wherein, the upper part of the piston cylinder 3 is fixed on a fixed mount 11 through a piston cylinder centralizing clamp 2, and the fixed mount 11 is arranged on an Jiong-shaped worktable 19; the piston cylinder 3 is vertically arranged, the lower end of the piston cylinder 3 is abutted to the cover 14 at the top of the fire extinguishing box 16, and a sealing gasket is embedded between the piston cylinder 3 and the cover 14 or arranged at the joint so as to finally ensure that the joint of the piston cylinder 3 and the cover 14 is sealed and airtight. The blow pipe 5 of the invention is vertically inserted on the cover 14, and the upper end of the blow pipe 5 is flush with the top surface of the cover; if the protruding cover is arranged, the falling space of the piston 4 can be influenced; meanwhile, the design mode that the upper end of the blow pipe 5 is lower than the cover 14 can be selected; the lower end of the blow tube 5 extends out of the bottom of the cover 14 and is located directly above the dry powder container, and the specific distance can be selected by experiments to be the optimal distance. According to the invention, the piston 4 which is attached to the inner wall of the piston cylinder and has no sealing ring structure is arranged in the piston cylinder 3, the piston 4 can slide up and down in the piston cylinder 3, and when the piston 4 falls down in the piston cylinder 3 from top to bottom, the piston can compress air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder at the lower part of the piston 4 and blow out a fixed amount of air through the blow pipe 5, so that dry powder to be tested in a dry powder container is blown away for subsequent dry powder identification test.

Further, in order to ensure the automatic control of the release of the piston, the upper part of the piston cylinder is provided with a starting inclined hook 12, the hook part of the starting inclined hook 12 extends into the piston cylinder 3 through the side wall opening of the piston cylinder, and the driving part of the starting inclined hook 12 is exposed outside; when the starting inclined hook 12 is in a no-external-force state, the driving part falls, the hook part tilts upwards, and the tilted hook part hooks the bottom of the piston 4 to prevent the piston 4 from falling; when the test is started, the driving part of the starting inclined hook 12 is jacked upwards through the driving assembly, the hook part is withdrawn outwards, the limitation on the piston 4 is relieved at the moment, and the piston 4 falls down from top to bottom in the piston cylinder 3 under the action of self weight.

Furthermore, when the piston 4 falls to the bottom of the piston cylinder 3, the piston can be jacked up to a preset height by reverse blowing (from bottom to top) and is limited by the starting inclined hook 12; in order to prevent the piston 4 from being directly ejected out of the piston cylinder 3, the anti-drop device 1 is fixed on the top of the piston cylinder 3.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the dry powder container comprises a dry powder cup 15, a cup holding seat 6 and a bracket 7, wherein dry powder to be detected is contained in the dry powder cup 15, the dry powder cup 15 is placed on the cup holding seat 6, the cup holding seat 6 is fixed in a fire extinguishing box 16 through the bracket 7, and the fire extinguishing box 16 is fixed on a fixing frame through a fixing clamp. Further, in the above structure, the piston cylinder 3, the cover 14, the fire extinguishing chamber 16 and the fixing frame 11 are fixed to each other.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the comburent container comprises a match socket 8 and a heptane oil disc 9, wherein the match socket 8 and the heptane oil disc 9 are arranged on a rising platform 18, and an annular sealing rubber gasket 10 is arranged at the lower opening position of the rising platform 18 relative to a fire extinguishing box 16; meanwhile, the elevating platform 18 is connected with a driving assembly; when the driving assembly drives the lifting platform to move to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing box 16, the cover 14 and the lifting platform 18 form a closed space, the dry powder cup 15 is positioned at the upper part of the closed space, and the match socket 8 and the heptane oil pan 9 are positioned at the lower part of the closed space; after the dry powder to be tested in the dry powder cup 15 is blown away, the dry powder can be used for the fire extinguishing test of the burning objects below.

Furthermore, the invention is provided with a small vent hole 17 on the wall of the fire extinguishing box 16, and the design of the vent hole 17 ensures that the combustion objects in the fire extinguishing box 16 are not extinguished in oxygen deficiency.

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the drive assembly of the present invention comprises: a cylinder 20 and a start rod 13; the cylinder 20 is arranged on the workbench 19, the ejection end of the cylinder 20 or other drivers is connected with the lifting platform 18, one end of the lifting platform 18 is provided with the vertical starting rod 13, and the other end of the lifting platform 18 is arranged on the fixed frame 13 in a sliding way. When the rising platform 18 moves upward to close the lower opening of the fire extinguishing chamber 16, the actuating rod 13 moves upward to jack up the driving part of the actuating inclined hook 12, so that the hook part of the actuating inclined hook 12 is disengaged from the limit of the piston 4.

Example (b):

the use method of the identification device comprises the following steps:

step 1, adjusting a dryer/air conditioner to a national standard range temperature in a workshop;

step 2, pressing a descending button of the electromagnetic valve to make the ascending table 18 descend to the workbench 19;

step 3, connecting the cover 14 with the piston cylinder 3 and the blow pipe 5, lifting the piston cylinder 3 upwards, blowing back towards the blow pipe 5 by using air pressure, enabling the piston 4 without the sealing ring to be rushed upwards, enabling the release stopper 1 not to be rushed out of the piston cylinder 3, and enabling the hook 12 of the starting inclined hook to automatically hook the piston 4 to prevent the piston from falling off at the moment, wherein the starting rod 13 is separated;

step 4, taking out the round-bottom dry powder cup arranged on the cup holding seat 6, cleaning, then placing on a scale with the accuracy of 0.01 gram, fixing the weighed powder, placing back on the cup holding seat 6, and covering the cover 14;

step 5, taking out the heptane oil pan 9, weighing the fixed weight by using the weight of the heptane oil pan to be accurate to 0.01 gram;

step 6, extinguishing fire B, namely pressing an electric ignition button 'fire B', if the temperature is not within a fixed range (generally 20 +/-1 ℃), not powering on, if the electronic timer starts to count seconds when the electronic timer can be ignited, fixing a time standard, namely the number of seconds for which the bottom of the fire extinguishing box 16 and the piston fall from the upper part of the lifting platform 18, starting a valve B immediately by a relay of the timer when the time is up, so that the lifting platform 18 rises, and when the time is up to the top, the situation of the figure 1 is also realized, starting the inclined hook 12 by the starting rod 13 to remove the limit on the piston 14, and descending the piston 4 so that the air in the piston cylinder 3 is compressed and then blown out from the lower opening of the blow pipe; the powder blowing component blows the dry powder to be detected in the dry powder container through a blowing pipe, so that the dust with uniform density is changed to extinguish fire of the comburent; if the fire extinguishment is successful, identifying that the dry powder to be detected can be reused; and if the fire extinguishment fails, identifying that the dry powder to be detected cannot be reused.

Further, since the volume of the piston cylinder 3 is much smaller than that of the fire extinguishing chamber 16, the powder is not ejected from the 4 ventilation holes, and only air is ejected instead of dust.

And 7, extinguishing the grade A fire of the wood, which is the same as the step 6, but inserting the fire wood into the fire wood inclined insertion opening 8, adjusting the A button to fix the timing to ensure that the fire wood branches are burned to half long and the piston falls to blow off dust with average powder density to extinguish the fire.

The invention has the advantages that:

the invention can realize visual identification of the fire extinguishing performance of the dry powder (overdue dry powder, dry powder to be filled and the like), can finish the test of the dry powder performance by using very little dry powder and combustion substances, and has accurate test result and high safety.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.