阅读说明：本技术 一种环保的用于食品包装材料的制备方法 (Preparation method of environment-friendly food packaging material ) 是由 郭勇 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的属于食品包装技术领域,具体为一种环保的用于食品包装材料的制备方法,本发明采用纯天然材料加工而成,制备工艺简单,制备出的包装材料使用寿命高、均匀且结构牢固,具有成本低廉,可完全生物降解,不造成环境的污染,易于工业化大规模生产,具有抗病毒功能,能够防止病毒的传播,同时本发明的降解速度相比于现有食品级可降解包装材料的降解速度更快,在水中溶解速度不到12小时,且材料纯天然无毒无害,不会对水源造成污染。(The invention belongs to the technical field of food packaging, and particularly relates to an environment-friendly preparation method for a food packaging material, which is processed by pure natural materials, has a simple preparation process, and the prepared packaging material has the advantages of long service life, uniformity, firm structure, low cost, complete biodegradation, no environmental pollution, easy industrial large-scale production, antiviral function and capability of preventing virus propagation, and simultaneously has a higher degradation speed in comparison with the degradation speed of the existing food-grade degradable packaging material, a dissolving speed in water of less than 12 hours, pure natural materials, no toxicity and no harm, and no pollution to water sources.)

1. The preparation method of the environment-friendly food packaging material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing the plant raw materials, the antiviral raw materials and the cross-linking agent according to the weight parts, putting the plant raw materials into a crusher for crushing, sieving after crushing, and drying at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 40-60 min;

step 2: grinding the antiviral raw material in a grinder to obtain antiviral stock solution and antiviral residues, drying the antiviral residues in a dryer, crushing in a crusher, sieving, mixing with the dried plant raw material in the step 1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

and step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the antiviral stock solution and the mixture obtained in the step 2 and the cross-linking agent obtained in the step 1 to obtain a premix, and putting the premix into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is divided into 4 zones, the temperature of the first zone is 148 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 178 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 140 ℃;

and 4, step 4: after the double-screw extrusion in the step 3, performing film blowing molding on the extruded raw materials by using a single-screw extruder, and cooling after molding to prepare a food packaging material main body layer;

the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of potato, 10-20 parts of cassava, 5-10 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of banana, 20-30 parts of seaweed, 10-20 parts of celery leaf and 10-20 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of garlic, 20-40 parts of turmeric and 10-30 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of distilled water, 1-5 parts of compound essential oil and 1-5 parts of food-grade glycerol.

2. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of potato, 10 parts of cassava, 5 parts of corn, 5 parts of banana, 20 parts of seaweed, 10 parts of celery leaf and 10 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of garlic, 20 parts of turmeric and 10 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of distilled water, 2 parts of compound essential oil and 2 parts of food-grade glycerol.

3. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of potatoes, 16 parts of cassava, 7 parts of corn, 7 parts of bananas, 24 parts of seaweed, 16 parts of celery leaves and 16 parts of eggplant leaves, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of garlic, 23 parts of turmeric and 22 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of distilled water, 3 parts of compound essential oil and 3 parts of food-grade glycerol.

4. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of cassava, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of banana, 30 parts of seaweed, 20 parts of celery leaf and 20 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of garlic, 40 parts of turmeric and 30 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of distilled water, 5 parts of compound essential oil and 5 parts of food-grade glycerol.

5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the medical polyvinyl alcohol can be added into the premix, and the weight of the medical polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5-10% of the total weight of the premix.

6. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the total weight of the plant raw materials accounts for 50-70% of the total weight of the premix, the total weight of the antiviral raw materials accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the premix, and the total weight of the cross-linking agent accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the premix.

7. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the feeding temperature is 70-73 ℃, the compression plasticizing temperature is 98-112 ℃, the blowing-up ratio is 1:3, and the traction speed is 3.8 m/min.

8. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly food packaging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mesh number of the screen in the step 1 and the step 2 is 40 meshes.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of food packaging, in particular to a preparation method of an environment-friendly food packaging material.

Background

The packaging material is used for manufacturing packaging containers, packaging decoration, packaging printing, packaging transportation and the like, meets the requirements of product packaging, and comprises main packaging materials such as metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, paper, bamboo, wild mushrooms, natural fibers, chemical fibers, composite materials and the like. With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard of people, the demand of food packaging is increasing. Currently, the food packaging materials are mainly plastic materials, corrugated paper, honeycomb paper and pulp molding materials. Because the waste of plastic packaging is not recyclable and degradable, the heavy use of the waste causes serious white pollution, and brings huge environmental pressure. Corrugated paper, honeycomb paper and paper pulp molding materials are degradable, but most of the materials are made of wood, so that a large amount of limited forest resources in China are consumed, water pollution is caused in the manufacturing process, the manufacturing cost is high, and the materials are not ideal substitute products of plastic packaging materials.

With the development and progress of science and technology, more and more enterprises begin to invest in the research and development of materials, most of the existing packaging materials use starch-based materials as food-grade packaging materials, the starch-based buffer packaging materials have good mechanical properties and are easy to degrade in soil, and the starch-based buffer packaging materials are natural and environment-friendly green packaging materials, but the degradation speed of the packaging materials in natural environment is still not ideal, and 99% of the full degradation time in natural environment is still as high as 180 days.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly preparation method for a food packaging material, so as to solve the problem of slow degradation speed in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an environment-friendly preparation method for food packaging materials comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing the plant raw materials, the antiviral raw materials and the cross-linking agent according to the weight parts, putting the plant raw materials into a crusher for crushing, sieving after crushing, and drying at the drying temperature of 40-60 ℃ for 40-60 min;

step 2: grinding the antiviral raw material in a grinder to obtain antiviral stock solution and antiviral residues, drying the antiviral residues in a dryer, crushing in a crusher, sieving, mixing with the dried plant raw material in the step 1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

and step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the antiviral stock solution and the mixture obtained in the step 2 and the cross-linking agent obtained in the step 1 to obtain a premix, and putting the premix into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is divided into 4 zones, the temperature of the first zone is 148 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 178 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 140 ℃;

and 4, step 4: after the double-screw extrusion in the step 3, performing film blowing molding on the extruded raw materials by using a single-screw extruder, and cooling after molding to prepare a food packaging material main body layer;

the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of potato, 10-20 parts of cassava, 5-10 parts of corn, 5-10 parts of banana, 20-30 parts of seaweed, 10-20 parts of celery leaf and 10-20 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of garlic, 20-40 parts of turmeric and 10-30 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of distilled water, 1-5 parts of compound essential oil and 1-5 parts of food-grade glycerol.

Preferably, the plant raw materials consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of potato, 10 parts of cassava, 5 parts of corn, 5 parts of banana, 20 parts of seaweed, 10 parts of celery leaf and 10 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of garlic, 20 parts of turmeric and 10 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of distilled water, 2 parts of compound essential oil and 2 parts of food-grade glycerol.

Preferably, the plant raw materials consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of potatoes, 16 parts of cassava, 7 parts of corn, 7 parts of bananas, 24 parts of seaweed, 16 parts of celery leaves and 16 parts of eggplant leaves, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of garlic, 23 parts of turmeric and 22 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of distilled water, 3 parts of compound essential oil and 3 parts of food-grade glycerol.

Preferably, the plant raw materials consist of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of cassava, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of banana, 30 parts of seaweed, 20 parts of celery leaf and 20 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of garlic, 40 parts of turmeric and 30 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of distilled water, 5 parts of compound essential oil and 5 parts of food-grade glycerol.

Preferably, in the step 3, the pharmaceutical grade polyvinyl alcohol can be added into the premix, and the weight of the pharmaceutical grade polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5-10% of the total weight of the premix.

Preferably, the total weight of the plant raw materials accounts for 50-70% of the total weight of the premix, the total weight of the antiviral raw materials accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the premix, and the total weight of the cross-linking agent accounts for 10-20% of the total weight of the premix.

Preferably, the feeding temperature in the film blowing in the step 4 is 70-73 ℃, the compression plasticizing temperature is 98-112 ℃, the blow-up ratio is 1:3, and the traction speed is 3.8 m/min.

Preferably, the mesh number of the screens in the step 1 and the step 2 is 40 meshes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the invention is processed by pure natural materials, the preparation process is simple, the prepared packaging material has the advantages of long service life, uniformity, firm structure, low cost, complete biodegradation, no environmental pollution and easy industrialized large-scale production.

2) The food-grade degradable packaging material has an antiviral function, can prevent virus from spreading, has a higher degradation speed than that of the existing food-grade degradable packaging material, has a dissolution speed in water of less than 12 hours, is purely natural, nontoxic and harmless, and cannot pollute water sources.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The invention provides a technical scheme that:

example 1:

an environment-friendly preparation method for food packaging materials comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing plant raw materials, antiviral raw materials and a cross-linking agent according to parts by weight, wherein the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of potato, 10 parts of cassava, 5 parts of corn, 5 parts of banana, 20 parts of seaweed, 10 parts of celery leaf and 10 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of garlic, 20 parts of turmeric and 10 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of distilled water, 2 parts of compound essential oil and 2 parts of food-grade glycerol, and putting the plant raw materials into a grinder for grinding treatment, sieving the ground plant raw materials and drying the ground plant raw materials at the drying temperature of 40 ℃ for 60 min;

step 2: grinding the antiviral raw material in a grinder to obtain antiviral stock solution and antiviral residues, drying the antiviral residues in a dryer, crushing in a crusher, sieving, mixing with the dried plant raw material in the step 1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

and step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the antiviral stock solution and the mixture obtained in the step 2 and the cross-linking agent obtained in the step 1 to obtain a premix, and putting the premix into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is divided into 4 zones, the temperature of the first zone is 148 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 178 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 140 ℃;

and 4, step 4: after the double-screw extrusion in the step 3, performing film blowing molding on the extruded raw materials by using a single-screw extruder, and cooling after molding to prepare a food packaging material main body layer;

example 2:

an environment-friendly preparation method for food packaging materials comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing plant raw materials, antiviral raw materials and a cross-linking agent according to parts by weight, wherein the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 14 parts of potatoes, 16 parts of cassava, 7 parts of corn, 7 parts of bananas, 24 parts of seaweed, 16 parts of celery leaves and 16 parts of eggplant leaves, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of garlic, 23 parts of turmeric and 22 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of distilled water, 3 parts of composite essential oil and 3 parts of food-grade glycerol, and putting the plant raw materials into a grinder for grinding treatment, sieving the ground plant raw materials and drying the ground plant raw materials at the drying temperature of 60 ℃ for 40 min;

step 2: grinding the antiviral raw material in a grinder to obtain antiviral stock solution and antiviral residues, drying the antiviral residues in a dryer, crushing in a crusher, sieving, mixing with the dried plant raw material in the step 1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

and step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the antiviral stock solution and the mixture obtained in the step 2 and the cross-linking agent obtained in the step 1 to obtain a premix, and putting the premix into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is divided into 4 zones, the temperature of the first zone is 148 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 178 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 140 ℃;

and 4, step 4: after the double-screw extrusion in the step 3, performing film blowing molding on the extruded raw materials by using a single-screw extruder, and cooling after molding to prepare a food packaging material main body layer;

example 3:

an environment-friendly preparation method for food packaging materials comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing plant raw materials, antiviral raw materials and a cross-linking agent according to parts by weight, wherein the plant raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of potato, 20 parts of cassava, 10 parts of corn, 10 parts of banana, 30 parts of seaweed, 20 parts of celery leaf and 20 parts of eggplant leaf, wherein the antiviral raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of garlic, 40 parts of turmeric and 30 parts of ginger, wherein the cross-linking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of distilled water, 5 parts of compound essential oil and 5 parts of food-grade glycerol, and putting the plant raw materials into a crusher for crushing treatment, sieving after crushing, and drying at the drying temperature of 50 ℃ for 40 min;

step 2: grinding the antiviral raw material in a grinder to obtain antiviral stock solution and antiviral residues, drying the antiviral residues in a dryer, crushing in a crusher, sieving, mixing with the dried plant raw material in the step 1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

and step 3: uniformly mixing and stirring the antiviral stock solution and the mixture obtained in the step 2 and the cross-linking agent obtained in the step 1 to obtain a premix, and putting the premix into a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the extrusion temperature is divided into 4 zones, the temperature of the first zone is 148 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 158 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 178 ℃, and the temperature of the fourth zone is 140 ℃;

and 4, step 4: after the double-screw extrusion in the step 3, performing film blowing molding on the extruded raw materials by using a single-screw extruder, and cooling after molding to prepare a food packaging material main body layer;

in the premix of the examples 1 to 3, the medical grade polyvinyl alcohol can be added according to the use requirement to improve the flexibility, smoothness, oil resistance, solvent resistance, colloid protection, gas barrier property and wear resistance of a coating of a packaging material, the weight of the medical grade polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 5 to 10 percent of the total weight of the premix, the total weight of the plant raw materials accounts for 50 to 70 percent of the total weight of the premix, the total weight of the antiviral raw materials accounts for 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the premix, and the total weight of the cross-linking agent accounts for 10 to 20 percent of the total weight of the premix in the examples 1 to 3, and the feeding temperature during film blowing in the step 4 is 70 to 73 ℃, the compression plasticizing temperature is 98 to 112 ℃, the blowing ratio is 1:3, and the traction speed is 3.8 m/min.

The molecule of seaweed has film-forming property, sodium alginate is a favorable carbohydrate macromolecule, has the potential of hydrolyzing to form a film, and exists in a large amount in a cell wall as a mixture of various salts. The most important advantage of sodium alginate is that it is in the form of liquid gel in water medium, alginic acid molecule is cross-linked with ferulic acid, a natural antioxidant, ferulic acid is from leaves and seeds of vegetables and fruits such as celery leaves and eggplant leaves, and the like, so that the film is firm, uniform and harder, the service life of the product is prolonged, and the food is guaranteed for a longer time.

The above table shows the data of the percent degradation in natural environment and the volume percentage in water of the materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention, and from the data, the material of the present invention can be dissolved in water more rapidly, and can be dissolved by more than 90% in 12 hours, and the dissolution speed is faster.

While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.