阅读说明：本技术 一种摩擦诱导金属抗磨层的制备方法 (Preparation method of friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer ) 是由 黄若轩 王子淳 徐久军 李恒亘 郜智伟 赵同财 于 2021-06-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种摩擦诱导金属抗磨层的制备方法,其特征在于,在摩擦副之间加入添加了2％纳米金属颗粒的润滑油,通过摩擦副之间的相互作用形成抗磨层,并通过控制压膜时间、转速、温度、载荷、供油量等参数以及纳米金属颗粒复配等方法,优化出了减摩抗磨性能良好的抗磨层。本发明的技术方案通过在摩擦副表面形成抗磨层,提高柴油机的可靠性及使用寿命。(The invention provides a preparation method of a friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer, which is characterized in that lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles is added between friction pairs, a wear-resistant layer is formed through interaction between the friction pairs, and the wear-resistant layer with good wear-resistant and friction-reducing performances is optimized through controlling parameters such as film pressing time, rotating speed, temperature, load, oil supply amount and the like and through methods such as nano metal particle compounding and the like. According to the technical scheme, the anti-wear layer is formed on the surface of the friction pair, so that the reliability of the diesel engine is improved, and the service life of the diesel engine is prolonged.)

1. A preparation method of a friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer is characterized in that lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles is added between friction pairs, and the wear-resistant layer is formed through interaction between the friction pairs.

2. The method for preparing the friction-inducing metal wear-resistant layer according to claim 1, wherein the friction pair is a cast iron cylinder sleeve test sample and a steel ball; the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles for 40 minutes;

(2) cleaning and drying the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball;

(3) mounting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample on a heating block, and fixing a steel ball at a holding position through a clamp, wherein the steel ball is positioned above the center line of the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample;

(4) adjusting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to keep the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample horizontal, and controlling a heating block through a motor to drive the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to reciprocate under the condition of contacting with a steel ball;

(5) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles prepared in the step (1) to ensure that the nano metal particles are uniformly dispersed in the lubricating oil;

(6) controlling the heating block to heat up to a set temperature and keeping the temperature stable;

(7) supplying lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles to a friction interface between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball through a peristaltic pump;

(8) the rotating speed of the motor is changed by changing the frequency of the frequency converter, the steel ball is loaded through the hardometer pressure head after the rotating speed of the motor reaches a set rotating speed, and under the loading condition, an anti-wear layer is formed through the friction interaction between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball.

3. The method of preparing a friction-inducing metallic wear layer according to claim 2, wherein the oil supply of the peristaltic pump is 0.1 mL/min; the rotating speed of the motor is set to be 100r/min, 150r/min or 200 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 100 ℃, 150 ℃ or 200 ℃; the indenter is loaded with a load of 100N, 150N or 200N.

4. The method for producing a friction-inducing metallic wear layer according to claim 3, wherein the motor rotation speed is set to 150 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 150 ℃; the indenter was loaded with a load of 200N.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the nano-metal particles are Ni nanoparticles.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of surface modification of a friction pair material of a diesel engine, in particular to a preparation method of a friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer.

Background

With the development of diesel engines towards small volume and high power density, high rotating speed and high detonation pressure put higher requirements on the reliability of diesel engine materials. The thermal load and the mechanical load on each friction pair are increased, so that the friction pair is accelerated in abrasion, the friction power consumption is increased, and the problem of the brought friction abrasion is particularly obvious. The surface modification of the material is a method which can effectively reduce the frictional wear of the material and endow the surface with new performance on the premise of keeping the original performance of the material.

Disclosure of Invention

According to the problem of friction and wear of the friction pair of the diesel engine, the preparation method of the friction induction metal wear-resistant layer is provided. According to the invention, a proper amount of nano metal particles are added into the lubricating oil, and when the diesel engine runs normally, an anti-wear layer is formed on the surface of each friction pair through friction, so that the reliability of the diesel engine is improved, and the service life of the diesel engine is prolonged.

The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:

a method for preparing a friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer is characterized in that lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles is added between friction pairs, and the wear-resistant layer is formed through interaction between the friction pairs.

Further, the friction pair is a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and a steel ball; the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles for 40 minutes;

(2) cleaning and drying the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball;

(3) mounting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample on a heating block, and fixing a steel ball at a holding position through a clamp, wherein the steel ball is positioned above the center line of the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample;

(4) adjusting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to keep the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample horizontal, and controlling a heating block through a motor to drive the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to reciprocate under the condition of contacting with a steel ball;

(5) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles prepared in the step (1) to ensure that the nano metal particles are uniformly dispersed in the lubricating oil;

(6) controlling the heating block to heat up to a set temperature and keeping the temperature stable;

(7) supplying lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles to a friction interface between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball through a peristaltic pump;

(8) the rotating speed of the motor is changed by changing the frequency of the frequency converter, the steel ball is loaded through the hardometer pressure head after the rotating speed of the motor reaches a set rotating speed, and under the loading condition, an anti-wear layer is formed through the friction interaction between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball.

Further, the oil supply amount of the peristaltic pump is 0.1 mL/min; the rotating speed of the motor is set to be 100r/min, 150r/min or 200 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 100 ℃, 150 ℃ or 200 ℃; the indenter is loaded with a load of 100N, 150N or 200N.

Further, the rotating speed of the motor is set to be 150 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 150 ℃; the indenter was loaded with a load of 200N.

Further, the nano metal particles adopt nano Ni particles.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the preparation method of the friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer provided by the invention can enable the friction pair to pass through the running-in period quickly, and meanwhile, a wear-resistant layer is formed on the surface of the friction pair to play a role in protecting a matrix; the formed antiwear layer has antifriction and antiwear performances, can reduce friction power consumption and abrasion problems, has good bearing capacity, can reduce the addition of extreme pressure additives in lubricating oil, and reduces the environmental pollution caused by compounds formed by elements such as sulfur, phosphorus, zinc and the like in the extreme pressure additives.

Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the field of material surface modification.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change of the friction coefficient of a sample with the squeeze time.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional topography of sample wear.

FIG. 3 is a sample wear surface topography.

FIG. 4 shows the surface topography and energy spectrum of an unpressed film sample.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. Any specific values in all examples shown and discussed herein are to be construed as exemplary only and not as limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the absence of any contrary indication, these directional terms are not intended to indicate and imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention: the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.

Example 1

The invention provides a preparation method of a friction-induced metal wear-resistant layer, which is characterized in that lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles is added between friction pairs, and the wear-resistant layer is formed through the interaction between the friction pairs.

Further, the friction pair is a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and a steel ball; the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles for 40 minutes;

(2) ultrasonically cleaning a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and a steel ball for 15 minutes by using gasoline and alcohol respectively, and drying the sample after cleaning;

(3) mounting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample on a heating block, and fixing a steel ball at a holding position through a clamp, wherein the steel ball is positioned above the center line of the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample; before working, the clamp is cleaned by gasoline and alcohol;

(4) adjusting a cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to keep the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample horizontal, and controlling a heating block through a motor to drive the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample to reciprocate under the condition of contacting with a steel ball;

(5) performing ultrasonic dispersion on the lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles prepared in the step (1) to ensure that the nano metal particles are uniformly dispersed in the lubricating oil;

(6) controlling the heating block to heat up to a set temperature and keeping the temperature stable;

(7) supplying lubricating oil added with 2% of nano metal particles to a friction interface between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball through a peristaltic pump;

(8) the rotating speed of the motor is changed by changing the frequency of the frequency converter, the steel ball is loaded through the hardometer pressure head after the rotating speed of the motor reaches a set rotating speed, and under the loading condition, an anti-wear layer is formed through the friction interaction between the cast iron cylinder sleeve sample and the steel ball.

Further, the oil supply amount of the peristaltic pump is 0.1 mL/min; the rotating speed of the motor is set to be 100r/min, 150r/min or 200 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 100 ℃, 150 ℃ or 200 ℃; the indenter is loaded with a load of 100N, 150N or 200N.

Further, the rotating speed of the motor is set to be 150 r/min; the heating temperature of the heating block is 150 ℃; the indenter was loaded with a load of 200N.

Further, the nano metal particles adopt nano Ni particles.

Further, the steel ball of the present embodiment is made of GCr15 steel.

In the present invention, the lubricating oil serves as a carrier of the nano metal particles.

The wear-resistant layer prepared by the method has the capabilities of reducing friction force and reducing material abrasion.

The surface energy of the nano Ni particles is high, so that the nano Ni particles are easy to transfer to a friction surface, and the nano Ni particles are used as an additive. Nanometer Ni particles with the mass fraction of 2 percent are added into the base lubricating oil, and under the action of large load, a wear-resistant layer is formed on the surface of the metal material through the interaction between friction pairs, and the formed wear-resistant layer has the capability of reducing the friction force and the material wear.

In this example, a cylinder liner was cut into a sample as a friction pair according to the present invention, and a frictional wear test was performed to search for frictional wear properties of an anti-wear layer and test conditions for film formation, and the test results are shown in fig. 1 to 4 (squeeze film time means a time for forming an anti-wear layer after lubricating oil containing 2% of nano metal particles was supplied between the friction pair, i.e., step (8)).

The ordinate in fig. 1 represents the friction coefficient, and it can be seen from the graph that the friction coefficient of the non-pressed film sample is rapidly decreased and then continuously increased and fluctuates sharply in the friction process. The friction coefficients of the samples with the film pressing time of 0.5h and 1h are both smaller than those of the samples without the film pressing, because the friction interface temperature is increased through the interaction of friction force and heat between the friction pairs, and under the action of high temperature, the nano Ni particles can be quickly cladded on the wear surface, so that the wear-resistant layer with the friction reduction performance is formed on the surface of the sample. By controlling the film pressing parameters, an anti-wear layer capable of improving the anti-friction performance can be formed, and the anti-friction effect can be realized by 50% to the maximum extent.

In fig. 2, (a) - (d) show three-dimensional topography maps obtained by friction and wear tests of samples of an unpressed film, a pressed film for 0.5h, a pressed film for 1h and a pressed film for 1.5h, respectively, and it can be clearly seen that the wear depth and the wear scar width of the pressed film are both smaller than those of the samples of the unpressed film. The sample without the pressed film has a wide grinding mark and a rough surface. The sample abrasion depth and the abrasion trace width of the pressed film for 1h are minimum, and the formed abrasion-resistant layer has the best friction and abrasion performance. The abrasion-resistant layer formed by the sample after film pressing effectively prevents the abrasion of the sample cylinder sleeve matrix and reduces the abrasion rate.

Fig. 3 (a) - (d) show the surface topography maps obtained by the friction and wear test of the samples of the non-pressed film, the pressed film for 0.5h, the pressed film for 1h and the pressed film for 1.5h, respectively, and it can be seen that the surface on which the wear-resistant layer is formed is relatively flat and has no adhesive wear after the friction and wear test, but the surface of the non-pressed film has adhesive wear and material peeling.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, since the sample cylinder liner used in this example has no Cr element, and the Cr element appears after abrasion, the Cr element comes from GCr15, which indicates that the sample cylinder liner without the pressed film has adhesive abrasion.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.