阅读说明：本技术 直驱换挡装置、变速器和车辆 (Direct-drive gear shifting device, transmission and vehicle ) 是由 苏倩 唐亚卓 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于变速器技术领域,本发明提供了一种直驱换挡装置、变速器和车辆。本发明的直驱换挡装置,包括换挡拨叉,设置有拨动件,所述拨动件与所述换挡拨叉转动连接；换挡驱动电机,用于产生并输出驱动所述换挡拨叉转动的动力；转接轴,沿其轴向方向的一端与所述换挡驱动电机连接,相对的另一端与所述换挡拨叉连接；定位轴,在换挡拨叉远离转接轴的一端与换挡拨叉转动连接,所述定位轴与所述转接轴的轴线重合；所述换挡驱动电机通过驱动所述转接轴转动以带动所述换挡拨叉转动,所述拨动件在换挡拨叉带动下移动至与同步器接触的位置,并相对换挡拨叉转动至与同步器的表面贴合的角度。本发明换挡驱动过程简单,换挡效率高。(The invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and provides a direct-drive gear shifting device, a transmission and a vehicle. The direct-drive gear shifting device comprises a gear shifting fork, wherein a shifting piece is arranged on the gear shifting fork, and the shifting piece is rotationally connected with the gear shifting fork; the gear shifting driving motor is used for generating and outputting power for driving the gear shifting fork to rotate; the gear shifting driving motor is connected with the gear shifting fork; the positioning shaft is rotatably connected with the gear shifting fork at one end of the gear shifting fork, which is far away from the adapter shaft, and the positioning shaft is superposed with the axis of the adapter shaft; the gear shifting driving motor drives the adapter shaft to rotate so as to drive the gear shifting fork to rotate, the shifting piece moves to the position contacted with the synchronizer under the driving of the gear shifting fork, and the gear shifting fork rotates to the angle attached to the surface of the synchronizer relatively. The invention has simple gear-shifting driving process and high gear-shifting efficiency.)

1. Direct drive gear shifting device characterized by, includes:

the shifting fork is provided with a shifting piece, and the shifting piece is rotationally connected with the shifting fork;

the gear shifting driving motor is used for generating and outputting power for driving the gear shifting fork to rotate;

the gear shifting driving motor is connected with the gear shifting fork;

the positioning shaft is rotatably connected with the gear shifting fork at one end of the gear shifting fork, which is far away from the adapter shaft, and the positioning shaft is superposed with the axis of the adapter shaft;

the gear shifting driving motor drives the adapter shaft to rotate so as to drive the gear shifting fork to rotate, the shifting piece moves to the position contacted with the synchronizer under the driving of the gear shifting fork, and the gear shifting fork rotates to the angle attached to the surface of the synchronizer relatively.

2. The direct drive shift arrangement of claim 1 wherein the axis of the transfer shaft and the axis of the synchronizer are perpendicular to each other.

3. A direct drive gear shift device as set forth in claim 1 wherein the end of the shift drive motor output shaft facing the transfer shaft is provided with a first connection portion having an oblong cross section, the end of the transfer shaft facing the drive motor output shaft is provided with a first connection hole having an oblong cross section matching the first connection portion, and the shift drive motor output shaft and the transfer shaft are engaged by the first connection portion and the first connection hole in an oblong form.

4. The direct drive gear shifting device of claim 1, wherein the transfer shaft comprises a connection post and a disc-shaped positioning portion, the positioning portion is located at one end of the transfer shaft facing the output shaft of the gear shifting drive motor, and the diameter of the positioning portion is larger than the diameter of the connection post.

5. The direct drive gear shifting device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the transfer shaft facing the shift fork is provided with a second connecting portion having a flat square section, one end of the shift fork facing the transfer shaft is provided with a second connecting hole having a flat square section matching the second connecting portion, and the transfer shaft and the shift fork are flatly fitted through the second connecting portion and the second connecting hole.

6. The direct drive shifting device of claim 1, wherein the shift fork comprises a main body portion and two fingers, wherein two ends of the main body portion in a first axial direction are respectively connected with the transfer shaft and the positioning shaft, the first axial direction is an axial direction of the transfer shaft, the two fingers respectively extend from the main body portion to two ends of a synchronizer in a radial direction, and the fingers are arranged at free ends of the fingers.

7. The direct-drive gear shifting device according to claim 1, wherein a riveting hole is formed in the gear shifting fork, a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion and a riveting portion are formed in the shifting member, the fourth connecting portion penetrates through the riveting hole, the riveting portion is located on one side, away from the synchronizer, of the riveting hole, the abutting portion is located on one side, close to the synchronizer, of the riveting hole, and the abutting portion is used for abutting against the synchronizer when the synchronizer is shifted by the gear shifting fork to be in gear.

8. The direct drive gear shift device as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein a side of the shift fork facing the synchronizer is formed with an arcuate semi-surrounding structure.

9. Transmission characterized by comprising a direct drive gear shift device according to any of claims 1 to 8.

10. Vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a direct drive gear shift device according to any of claims 1 to 8.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of transmissions, and particularly relates to a direct-drive gear shifting device, a transmission and a vehicle.

Background

With the popularization of automobiles in life, automobiles become an indispensable important tool in people's traveling and work. In order to meet the requirements of an engine, a multi-gear transmission is mostly configured for a traditional fuel automobile, and a new energy automobile is gradually developed to the multi-gear transmission for improving the cruising ability. The existing gear engaging device usually adopts a mode of combining a synchronizer and a gear, and because the gear engaging action of a synchronizer gear engaging component moves along a linear direction and the gear engaging driving motor outputs rotary motion, a set of transmission conversion mechanism is needed to convert the rotary motion of the motor into the linear motion and then drive a gear shifting fork to drive the synchronizer gear engaging along the linear direction. However, the process of gear shifting driving in the mode is complex, and the gear shifting efficiency and reliability are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the invention provides a direct-drive gear shifting device, a vehicle transmission system and a vehicle, which are used for solving the technical problems that a transmission conversion machine is arranged in the prior art to form a gear shifting driving process, the gear shifting driving process is complex, and the gear shifting efficiency is low.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

in a first aspect, the present invention provides a direct drive gear shift device comprising:

the shifting fork is provided with a shifting piece, and the shifting piece is rotationally connected with the shifting fork;

the gear shifting driving motor is used for generating and outputting power for driving the gear shifting fork to rotate;

the gear shifting driving motor is connected with the gear shifting fork;

the positioning shaft is rotatably connected with the gear shifting fork at one end of the gear shifting fork, which is far away from the adapter shaft, and the positioning shaft is superposed with the axis of the adapter shaft;

the gear shifting driving motor drives the adapter shaft to rotate so as to drive the gear shifting fork to rotate, the shifting piece moves to the position contacted with the synchronizer under the driving of the gear shifting fork, and the gear shifting fork rotates to the angle attached to the surface of the synchronizer relatively.

Preferably, the axis of the transfer shaft and the axis of the synchronizer are perpendicular to each other.

Preferably, one end of the output shaft of the gear shifting driving motor, which faces the transfer shaft, is provided with a first connecting portion with an oblate cross section, one end of the transfer shaft, which faces the output shaft of the driving motor, is provided with a first connecting hole, which is matched with the first connecting portion and has an oblate cross section, and the output shaft of the gear shifting driving motor and the transfer shaft are matched with each other flatly through the first connecting portion and the first connecting hole.

Preferably, the adapter shaft comprises a connecting column and a disc-shaped positioning part, the positioning part is located at one end, facing the output shaft of the gear shifting driving motor, of the adapter shaft, and the diameter of the positioning part is larger than that of the connecting column.

Preferably, the one end of change-over spindle orientation shift fork of shifting is provided with the second connecting portion that the cross-section is the oblate, the shift fork orientation of shifting the one end of change-over spindle be provided with the second connecting portion assorted cross-section oblate's second connecting hole, change-over spindle with the shift fork of shifting passes through second connecting portion and the cooperation of second connecting hole oblate.

Preferably, the shift fork of shifting includes main part and two fingers, the main part along the both ends of first axial direction respectively with the switching shaft with the locating shaft is connected, first axial direction is the axial direction of switching shaft, two fingers are extended to the both ends of the radial direction of synchronous ware respectively by the main part, the setting of shifting piece is in the free end of finger.

Preferably, a riveting hole is formed in the shifting fork, a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion and a riveting portion are arranged on the shifting piece, the fourth connecting portion penetrates through the riveting hole, the riveting portion is located on one side, away from the synchronizer, of the riveting hole, the abutting portion is located on one side, close to the synchronizer, of the riveting hole, and the abutting portion is used for abutting against the synchronizer when the shifting fork shifts the synchronizer to be in gear.

Preferably, a side of the shift fork facing the synchronizer is formed with an arc-shaped half surrounding structure.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a transmission comprising the direct drive shifting device of the first aspect.

In a third aspect, the present invention provides a vehicle comprising the direct drive shifting device of the first aspect.

Has the advantages that: according to the direct-drive gear shifting device, the transmission and the vehicle, the gear shifting driving motor is used for directly driving the gear shifting fork to rotate through the transfer shaft so as to push the synchronizer to be in gear, a conversion process and a conversion mechanism for converting rotary motion output by the gear shifting driving motor into linear motion are omitted, the gear shifting process of the gear shifting fork is driven to be simpler and more reliable, the gear shifting efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved. The shifting fork can stably rotate along a set axial direction under the driving of a gear shifting determining motor, and the shifting piece rotationally connected with the gear shifting fork is used for shifting the synchronizer.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, without any creative effort, other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings, and these drawings are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a direct drive shifter of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a transfer shaft of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the shift fork of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the structure for rotating the rotating belt with the synchronizer according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the structure of the present invention for rotating a rotating belt with a synchronizer;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the positional relationship of four rotatable members of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional block diagram of the drive flange of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional block diagram of another perspective of the drive flange of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the drive flange of the present invention for connection to a drive shaft;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the drive flange of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a front view of the drive flange of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a three-sub transmission structure set disconnection arrangement according to the present invention

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of two sets of sub-transmission structures of the transmission flange of the present invention, which are arranged in a staggered manner in the circumferential direction;

description of reference numerals:

the gear shifting driving device comprises a gear shifting driving motor 1, an adapter shaft 2, a positioning part 21, a first connecting hole 22, a connecting column 23, a second connecting part 24, a gear shifting fork 3, a main body part 31, a shifting piece 32, a first rotating piece 321, a second rotating piece 322, a third rotating piece 323, a fourth rotating piece 324, a shifting piece 325, a rotating belt 326, an abutting part 33, a riveting part 34, a shifting claw 35, an adapter shaft 4, a positioning shaft 5 and a synchronizer 6;

the flange main body 410, the first connecting portion 411, the second connecting portion 412, the limiting hole 4121, the seam allowance 4122, the first transmission structure 420, the first connecting structure 430, the second transmission structure 440, the first sub-transmission structure group 441, the second sub-transmission structure group 442, the third sub-transmission structure group 443, the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444, and the fifth sub-transmission structure group 445.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In case of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the various features of the embodiments may be combined with each other within the scope of the present invention.

The vehicle is a common vehicle and mainly comprises a power system, a transmission system, a vehicle body, a chassis and the like. The transmission system comprises a transmission, a transmission shaft, a differential mechanism and the like. When the vehicle runs, the power of the power system is transmitted to the transmission, the transmission converts the power of the power system and outputs power with proper torque and rotating speed, the converted power is transmitted to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft transmits the power to the differential mechanism, the differential mechanism transmits the power to wheels on two sides respectively, and the converted power can also be transmitted to the differential mechanism. In order to achieve parking and gear shifting, the transmission is also provided with a gear shifting device and a parking device. In order to lubricate the devices such as the transmission and the differential, a lubrication system is also provided for the devices such as the transmission and the differential.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a direct-drive gear shifting device, which includes a gear shifting fork 3, a gear shifting driving motor 1, an adapter shaft 42 and a positioning shaft 5.

The shifting fork 3 is provided with a shifting piece 32, and the shifting piece 32 is rotationally connected with the shifting fork 3; the rotational connection refers to a connection mode that the shifting part 32 is connected with the shifting fork 3 and then can rotate relative to the shifting fork 3. In the present exemplary embodiment, the driver 32 can be connected in a rotatable manner to the shift fork 3 by riveting. When riveting is adopted, a riveting hole is formed in the shifting fork 3, a fourth connecting portion, an abutting portion 33 and a riveting portion 34 are arranged on the shifting piece 32, the fourth connecting portion penetrates through the riveting hole, the riveting portion 34 is located on one side, away from the synchronizer 6, of the riveting hole, the abutting portion 33 is located on one side, close to the synchronizer 6, of the riveting hole, and the abutting portion 33 is used for abutting against the synchronizer 6 when the shifting fork 3 shifts the synchronizer 6 to be in gear engagement. When riveting the shifting element 32 and the shift fork 3, the fourth connecting portion is first inserted into the riveting hole from the end of the riveting hole close to the synchronizer 6, and the riveting portion 34 is exposed outside the riveting hole.

The gear shifting driving motor 1 is used for generating and outputting power for driving the gear shifting fork 3 to rotate; the gear shifting driving motor 1 is installed on a box body of the transmission, and an output shaft of the gear shifting driving motor 1 outputs rotary motion.

One end of the transfer shaft 42 in the axial direction thereof is connected with the driver, and the other opposite end is connected with the shift fork 3;

as one of the connection modes of the transfer shaft 42 and the shift driving motor 1, in this embodiment, a first connection portion with an oblate cross section is disposed at one end of the output shaft of the shift driving motor 1 facing the transfer shaft 42, a first connection hole 22 with an oblate cross section matched with the first connection portion is disposed at one end of the transfer shaft 42 facing the driving motor output shaft, and the output shaft of the shift driving motor 1 and the transfer shaft 42 are flatly matched with each other through the first connection portion and the first connection hole 22. The oblate square refers to a rectangle with the length of the adjacent sides being unequal, namely a rectangle with the length and the width being unequal.

By adopting the connection manner, when the changeover shaft 42 and the shift driving motor 1 are assembled, the first connection hole 22 on the changeover shaft 42 is aligned with the first connection part on the output shaft of the shift driving motor 1, and the first connection part is sleeved in the first connection hole 22. Because the cross-section of first connecting portion and the cross-section of first connecting hole 22 are the rectangle that shape and size match each other, consequently when driving motor's output shaft rotated, four outer walls of the first connecting portion of oblate square can exert the effort to four inner walls of first connecting hole 22 and form the moment of torsion that can drive switching shaft 42 and rotate together. The torque transmittable by the transfer shaft 42 can be improved by the aforementioned connection structure. Because it is tight to laminate each other between the outer wall of first connecting portion and the inner wall of first connecting hole 22 when first connecting portion and first connecting hole 22 are connected, for the convenience of rapid Assembly, this embodiment still sets up the chamfer at the tip of first connecting portion orientation first connecting hole 22 to make the size of this tip be less than the size of first connecting hole 22, this tip enters into first connecting hole 22 more easily when the assembly like this.

As another connection mode of the transfer shaft 42 and the shift driving motor 1, in this embodiment, a first connection hole 22 with an oblate cross section is provided at one end of the output shaft of the shift driving motor 1 facing the transfer shaft 42, a first connection portion with an oblate cross section matching with the first connection hole is provided at one end of the transfer shaft 42 facing the driving electric output shaft, and the output shaft of the shift driving motor 1 and the transfer shaft 42 are flatly matched with the first connection hole 22 through the first connection portion.

As one of the connection modes of the transfer shaft 42 and the shift fork 3, in this embodiment, the one end of the transfer shaft 42 facing the shift fork 3 is provided with a second connection portion 24 with a flat square section, the one end of the transfer shaft 42 facing the shift fork 3 is provided with a second connection hole with a flat square section matched with the second connection portion 24, and the transfer shaft 42 and the shift fork 3 are matched with each other through the second connection portion 24 and the second connection hole.

By adopting the connection mode, the second connection part 24 on the transfer shaft 42 is aligned to the second connection hole on the shifting fork 3 when the transfer shaft 42 and the shifting fork 3 are assembled, and the second connection part 24 is sleeved in the second connection hole. Because the cross-section of second connecting portion 24 and the cross-section of second connecting hole are the rectangle that shape and size match each other, consequently when switching axle 42 rotates, four outer walls of the second connecting portion 24 of oblate square can exert the effort to four inner walls of second connecting hole and form the moment of torsion that can drive shift fork 3 and rotate together. Adopt aforementioned connection structure can improve the moment of torsion that shift fork 3 can transmit. Because the outer wall of the second connecting portion 24 and the inner wall of the second connecting hole are tightly attached to each other when the second connecting portion 24 and the second connecting hole are connected, in order to facilitate quick assembly, the embodiment further sets a chamfer at the end portion of the second connecting portion 24 facing the second connecting hole, and the size of the end portion is smaller than that of the second connecting hole, so that the end portion is easier to enter the first connecting hole 22 when being assembled.

In the embodiment, the positioning shaft 5 is rotatably connected with the shift fork 3 at one end of the shift fork 3 far away from the connecting shaft 42, and the positioning shaft 5 coincides with the axis of the connecting shaft 42;

the rotating connection refers to a connection mode that the shifting fork 3 and the positioning shaft 5 can rotate relative to the positioning shaft 5 after being connected. In the axial direction of the adapter shaft 42, the positioning shaft 5 and the adapter shaft 42 are located at both ends of the shift fork 3, respectively. Adopt aforementioned mode on the one hand can follow both ends and fix a position shift fork 3, on the other hand shift fork 3 can rotate around the common axis of location axle 5 and switching shaft 42 to the drive shift fork 3 that shifts between the driving motor 1 that realizes shifting rotates.

The gear shifting driving motor 1 drives the adapter shaft 42 to rotate so as to drive the gear shifting fork 3 to rotate, the shifting piece 32 is driven by the gear shifting fork 3 to move to a position contacting with the synchronizer 6, and the gear shifting fork 3 rotates to an angle fitting with the surface of the synchronizer 6 relatively.

In this embodiment, the gear shift driving motor 1 rotates to drive the connecting shaft 42 connected thereto to rotate together. The switching shaft 42 drives the shift fork 3 connected thereto to rotate together during the rotation. The shifting fork 3 drives the shifting element 32 to move towards the synchronizer 6 during the rotation process. When the shifting fork 3 is shifted and the shifting piece 32 is driven to the position contacting with the synchronizer 6, the shifting fork 3 continues to rotate, and the shifting piece 32 rotates relative to the shifting fork 3 under the combined action of the shifting fork 3 and the synchronizer 6. So as to adjust the angle between the shifting member 32 and the synchronizer 6, the shifting member 32 can rotate to push the gear engaging part of the synchronizer 6 to move towards the gear engaging position, and the shifting member 32 can be always kept at an angle which can be well attached to the surface of the synchronizer 6 in the gear engaging process through rotation.

In the embodiment, the gear shifting driving motor 1 is utilized to directly drive the gear shifting fork 3 to rotate through the transfer shaft 42 to push the synchronizer 6 to be in gear, so that a conversion process and a conversion mechanism for converting the rotary motion output by the gear shifting driving motor 1 into linear motion are omitted, the gear shifting process of the gear shifting fork 3 is simpler and more reliable, the gear shifting efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved. This embodiment utilizes setting up at the change-over spindle 42 and the location axle 5 at shift fork 3 both ends as shift fork 3 pivoted support and spacing, it is that shift fork 3 can be along the stable rotation of the axial of settlement under the drive of the definite motor of shifting, utilize simultaneously and shift fork 3 to rotate the piece 32 of stirring of being connected and stir synchronizer 6, stir piece 32 and promote synchronizer 6 to the position of putting into gear under shift fork 3 drives, owing to stir piece 32 and can shift fork 3 rotation relatively, consequently stir piece 32 can be in the in-process that promotes synchronizer 6 with the fine laminating in synchronizer 6 surface, thereby promote synchronizer 6 to the position of putting into gear accurately and reliably.

In a preferred embodiment, the axis of the transfer shaft 42 and the axis of the synchronizer 6 are perpendicular to each other in the present embodiment. The axis of the transfer shaft 42 refers to a center line of rotation of the transfer shaft 42 when the shift driving motor 1 rotates the transfer shaft 42. The axis of the synchronizer 6 is a center line when the synchronizer 6 rotates. Due to the fact that the rotating axis of the shifting fork 3 is the same as the rotating axis of the transfer shaft 42, the shifting fork 3 can be enabled to be close to the synchronizer 6 rapidly under the driving of the shifting driving motor 1 by adopting the mode, and therefore the shifting efficiency is further improved.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the coupling shaft 42 includes a connecting column 23 and a positioning portion 21 having a disk shape, the positioning portion 21 is located at an end of the coupling shaft 42 facing an output shaft of the shift drive motor 1, and a diameter of the positioning portion 21 is larger than a diameter of the connecting column 23. Wherein location portion 21 can cooperate with the motor output that shifts, and the back is assembled to change spindle 42 and location portion 21, and disc location portion 21 and the surperficial laminating of the motor output that shifts are in order to carry out spacing to the axial position of change spindle 42. The first connection hole 22 can be disposed at one end of the positioning portion 21, and the diameter of the positioning portion 21 is larger than that of the connection column 23, so that the strength of the connection position can be increased, and the strength reduction of the connection shaft 42 due to the first connection hole 22 can be avoided. The connecting portion is cylindrical, and the second connecting portion 24 and the positioning portion 21 are respectively located at two opposite ends of the second connecting portion 24 in the axial direction.

As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the shift fork 3 includes a main body portion 31 and two fingers 35, two ends of the main body portion 31 along a first axial direction are respectively connected to the transfer shaft 42 and the positioning shaft 5, the first axial direction is an axial direction of the transfer shaft 42, the two fingers 35 extend from the main body portion 31 to two ends of the synchronizer 6 along a radial direction, the fingers 32 are disposed at free ends of the fingers 35, and one finger 32 is disposed at each finger 35. By adopting the structure, the two shifting pieces 32 can be used for pushing the synchronizer 6 to move from two sides of the synchronizer 6 in the radial direction at the same time, the connecting line of the two shifting pieces 32 passes through the rotation center of the synchronizer 6, and the synchronizer 6 cannot be influenced by the overturning moment during pushing, so that the shifting fork 3 can more stably and reliably push the synchronizer 6 to the gear-engaging position. In addition shift fork 3 orientation one side of synchronous ware 6 is formed with curved half surrounding structure, adopts such structure not only to make the space between shift fork 3 and the synchronous ware 6 of shifting still less, and overall structure is compacter, can also utilize shift fork 3 to form the protection to synchronous ware 6, makes the process that synchronous ware 6 put into gear not disturbed by the external world, also makes things convenient for shift fork 3 to stir synchronous ware 6 from both sides.

The following describes a shifting process of the direct drive shifting apparatus employing the present embodiment.

Upward gear shifting: as shown in fig. 1, shift drive motor 1 rotates counterclockwise when viewed from left to right; the power is transmitted to the switching shaft 42 through the flat square structure, and the switching shaft 42 is transmitted to the shifting fork 3 through the flat square structure; the fork head of the shifting fork 3 moves upwards (outwards along the drawing surface in fig. 1), the shifting piece 32 is driven to move upwards, the shifting piece 32 rotates to be attached to the plane of the synchronizer 6, and the synchronizer 6 is shifted to be shifted upwards to engage gears.

Downward gear shifting: as shown in fig. 1, the shift motor rotates clockwise when viewed from left to right; the power is transmitted to the transfer shaft 42 through the flat square structure, and the transfer shaft 42 is transmitted to the shifting fork 3 through the flat square structure; the fork head of the shifting fork 3 moves downwards (inwards along the drawing surface in fig. 1), the shifting piece 32 is driven to move downwards, the shifting piece 32 rotates to be attached to the plane of the synchronizer 6, and the synchronizer 6 is shifted to be shifted downwards to be in gear.

In this embodiment, an annular limit groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the synchronizer 6, a shifting member 325 is arranged at the end of the shift fork 3, and the shifting member 325 shifts the gear engaging component of the first synchronizer and/or the second synchronizer 4 by shifting the side wall of the limit groove.

In this embodiment, the width of the limiting groove is greater than 1.1 times the width of the toggle member 325, the distance between the first axial position and the second axial position is greater than 2 times the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limiting groove, and the distance between the first axial position and the second axial position is greater than 2 times the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limiting groove. By adopting the structure, after the shifting piece 325 is inserted into the limiting groove and shifts the gear engaging part of the synchronizer to the gear engaging position, one side of the shifting piece 325 is contacted with one side wall of the limiting groove, and a sufficient gap is left between the other side of the shifting piece 325 and the other side wall of the limiting groove. Therefore, after the shifting part 325 and the limiting groove are relatively displaced due to unexpected small vibration, the other side of the shifting part 325 cannot be contacted with the other side wall of the limiting groove, so that the situation that the shifting part 325 shifts the limiting groove due to unexpected vibration is avoided, the gear engaging part is disengaged from the current gear, and the gear engaging is more reliable. In normal gear engagement, the distance of the movement of the toggle member 325 in the axial direction exceeds the axial gap between the toggle member 325 and the limit groove, so that the other side of the toggle member 325 can also contact with the other side wall of the limit groove to push the gear engagement member to move in the toggle movement process.

When the toggle member 325 toggles the synchronizer to shift gears, the toggle member 325 contacts with the synchronizer, and the synchronizer rotates at a high speed, so that relative motion is generated between the toggle member 325 and the synchronizer, continuous sliding friction exists between the toggle member 325 and the synchronizer, the toggle member 325 and the synchronizer are easy to wear and deform, and heat generated by friction can also affect the gearbox. For this purpose, a wear part that can be exchanged can be provided on the toggle part 325, so that the wear part comes into contact with the synchronizer. When the wear-resistant part is worn to a certain extent, the wear-resistant part is replaced by a new wear-resistant part. When the mode is adopted, the gearbox needs to be disassembled and assembled, and the wear-resistant part can be replaced, so that the wear-resistant part is very inconvenient in the actual use process.

For this purpose, an oil guiding groove may be provided on the shift fork, and an outlet of the oil guiding groove is provided on a surface of the dial 325 contacting the synchronizer, and the lubricating oil flows to the surface of the dial 325 along the oil guiding groove, so that an oil film is formed between the dial 325 and the synchronizer to reduce friction therebetween.

In addition, a roller or a needle roller may be disposed on the shifting member 325 to reduce friction, but because the roller is in point contact when contacting with the synchronizer and the needle roller is in line contact when contacting with the synchronizer, the contact areas of the two contact methods are small, which easily causes the synchronizer and the shifting fork to be stressed too intensively.

In this regard, the present embodiment employs a structure that allows the toggle member 325 to rotate synchronously with the synchronizer to avoid friction. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the first fork 32 of the present embodiment further includes a first rotating member 321, a second rotating member 322, a third rotating member 323 and a fourth rotating member 324 which are cylindrical, the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 are rotatably connected to the first fork 32, extension lines of the rotation axes of the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 intersect at the same intersection point, the same intersection point is located on the rotation axis of the first synchronizer, the rotation axis of the first rotating member 321 and the rotation axis of the second rotating member 322 are located on a first plane, the rotational axis of the third rotating member 323 and the rotational axis of the fourth rotating member 324 are located on a second plane different from the first plane, and the first plane and the second plane are arranged in the axial direction of the first synchronizer. The toggle member 325 is a rotating belt 326, and one end of the rotating belt 326 sequentially bypasses the outer walls of the first rotating member 321, the second rotating member 322, the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 and is connected to the other opposite end. The rotating belt 326 may be a steel belt or a belt. In one embodiment, the rotating belt 326 is tightened and wound around the outer walls of the four rotating members, and the rotating belt 326 is connected end to form a ring. The rotating band 326 is unfolded to have a circular arc shape. When the distance between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 is too long, a fifth rotating member may be further disposed between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322, and the fifth rotating member is used to provide a support for the rotating belt 326 in the middle; a fifth rotating member may be further provided between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 when the distance between the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324 is excessively long, and a support for the rotating band 326 is provided at the middle portion by the sixth rotating member. The number of the fifth rotating member and the sixth rotating member may be plural, and the number may be determined according to the distance between the first rotating member 321 and the second rotating member 322 or the distance between the third rotating member 323 and the fourth rotating member 324. The aforementioned rotation can be rotationally connected to the first fork 32 through a smooth-surfaced shaft.

With the above-described structure, when the rotating band 326 moves to a position contacting the synchronizer with the first fork 32, the rotating band 326 is rotated by the synchronizer, and the rotating direction of the rotating band 326 is shown by the arrow direction in fig. 8 to 10. At the initial stage when the rotating belt 326 is just in contact with the synchronizer, sliding friction exists between the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer, and after the rotating speed of the rotating belt 326 is the same as that of the synchronizer, relative sliding does not exist between the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer, so that the rotating belt 326 and the synchronizer are not abraded due to the sliding friction, at the moment, the rotating belt 326 is driven by the synchronizer to rotate around the four rotating members in a circulating manner in sequence, the rotating belt 326 is in surface contact with the synchronizer, the condition that stress is too concentrated is not easy to occur, and the rotating belt 326 can always rotate synchronously with the synchronizer.

The present embodiment also provides another embodiment to solve the aforementioned sliding friction problem. First shift fork 32 still includes the multiunit runner assembly, and every group runner assembly includes that the seventh rotates the piece, the eighth rotates the piece and rotates and take 326 the seventh rotation piece, the eighth rotation piece with first shift fork 32 rotates and connects, rotate the one end of taking 326 and meet with the relative other end after the outer wall of the seventh rotation piece, the eighth rotation piece is walked around in proper order. Wherein the rotating shafts of the seventh rotating piece and the eighth rotating piece are parallel to each other. The eighth rotating piece and the ninth rotating piece are arranged in an axisymmetric mode, the symmetric axes of the eighth rotating piece and the ninth rotating piece are used as the symmetric axes of the rotating assemblies, the extension lines of the symmetric axes of the rotating assemblies of all groups are compared with the same intersection point, and the intersection point is located on the rotating axis of the first synchronizer.

Each set of rotating assemblies forms a small rotating unit, and the rotating band 326 of each set of rotating assemblies can rotate cyclically around the four rotating members. Since the extension line of the symmetry axis of the rotation assembly is located on the rotation axis of the first synchronizer, when the rotation band 326 moves to a position contacting with the synchronizer with the first fork 32, the rotation direction of the rotation band 326 of each rotation assembly is almost the same as the rotation direction of the corresponding position on the synchronizer, and the sliding friction of the rotation band 326 of each rotation assembly with the synchronizer is small. By adopting the mode, the structure is simple, the rotating assemblies can be arranged in parallel, the installation is convenient, the surface contact is realized, and the sliding friction is reduced.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a transmission, which comprises the direct-drive gear shifting device in the previous embodiment, the transmission can directly drive the gear shifting fork 3 to shift by using the gear shifting driving motor 1, the gear shifting process is simple and reliable, and the cost is low.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a vehicle, which comprises the direct-drive gear shifting device described in the first aspect, and the vehicle of the embodiment can be a traditional fuel vehicle such as a gasoline vehicle, a diesel vehicle and the like, and can also be a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicles include, but are not limited to, pure electric (BEV/EV), hybrid electric (HEV, PHEV, and REEV), Fuel Cell Electric (FCEV), and solar cell electric (pv) vehicles.

The vehicle of this embodiment further includes a drive train that includes a drive flange.

As shown in fig. 7, the transmission flange mainly includes a flange main body 410, a first transmission structure 420, a first connection structure 430, and a second transmission structure 440:

wherein the first transmission structure 420 is disposed on the flange body 410, and the first transmission structure 420 is used for connecting with a transmission output shaft and transmitting the torque of the transmission output shaft to the flange body 410;

as shown in fig. 8 and 10, the output shaft of the transmission is connected to the flange body 410 through the first transmission structure 420, when the output shaft of the transmission rotates, the torque of the output shaft of the transmission acts on the first transmission structure 420, and the flange body 410 is driven to rotate together through the first transmission structure 420, so that the rotation and the torque of the output shaft are transmitted to the flange body 410.

Wherein the first connecting structure 430 is disposed on the flange main body 410, and the first connecting structure 430 is used for connecting the flange main body 410 with a transmission shaft;

in the embodiment, the first connecting structure 430 plays a role in connection, and the first connecting structure 430 prevents the transmission shaft from loosening from the flange main body 410 by connecting the flange main body 410 with the transmission shaft.

A second transmission structure 440, wherein the second transmission structure 440 is disposed at an end of the flange main body 410 facing the transmission shaft, and the second transmission structure 440 is used for transmitting the torque of the flange main body 410 to the transmission shaft and preventing the torque from being transmitted to the first connection structure 430.

When the flange body 410 is driven to rotate by the gearbox output shaft, the torque of the flange body 410 is transmitted to the drive shaft through the second transmission structure 440. The second transmission structure 440 is responsible for bearing the transmission torque during the process of the flange body 410 driving the transmission shaft to rotate. And second transmission structure 440 is still used for preventing the moment of torsion from being transmitted to first connection structure 430, like this at the flange with the in-process that the moment of torsion was transmitted to the transmission shaft, first connection structure 430 can not receive the effect of moment of torsion, consequently be difficult to damage, can guarantee that first connection structure 430 can be connected flange main part 410 and transmission shaft all the time to the security of flange joint has been improved, and thereby can be suitable for the quantity of few first connection structure 430 and simplify structure reduce cost.

In a preferred embodiment, the second transmission structure 440 is a rectangular tooth disposed on an end surface of the flange body 410 connected to the transmission shaft, and the rectangular tooth on the flange body 410 is used for transmitting torque in cooperation with the rectangular tooth on the transmission shaft.

The rectangular teeth are long strips, and the sections of the rectangular teeth are rectangular. In this embodiment, the drive shaft may have rectangular teeth that are aligned with the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410. After the flange main body 410 is installed and connected with the transmission shaft, the end face of the flange main body 410 is matched with the transmission shaft, and the rectangular teeth on the flange main body 410 are embedded with the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft. When the flange body 410 rotates, the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 contact the rectangular teeth on the adjacent drive shaft, and the rectangular teeth on the flange body 410 push the rectangular teeth on the adjacent drive shaft, so that the drive shaft and the flange body 410 rotate together. Rectangular teeth can be machined directly into the end face of the flange body 410 by milling. In order to make the flange structure simpler while realizing that the rectangular teeth bear the torque, the rectangular teeth are formed by two adjacent tooth grooves which are formed by the end surfaces of the flange main body 410 being recessed in the direction away from the transmission shaft. By adopting the structure to form the rectangular teeth, the tops of the rectangular teeth can be flush with the end face of the flange main body 410, so that redundant space is not occupied, and only the original flange main body 410 is directly removed to form tooth grooves. The rectangular teeth and the flange body 410 formed in this way are of an integrated structure, and the influence on the original flange body 410 is small. The whole structure is simple, and the bearing capacity is strong.

In the present embodiment, the first connecting structure 430 is connected to the transmission shaft through a first connecting member; in the flange rotation direction, the fit clearance between the first connecting piece and the first connecting structure 430 is larger than the fit clearance between the rectangular teeth on the flange main body 410 and the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft.

Because the fit clearance between the first connecting piece and the first connecting structure 430 is larger than the fit clearance between the rectangular teeth on the flange main body 410 and the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft in the flange rotation direction, the rectangular teeth on the flange main body 410 are firstly contacted with the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft before the first connecting piece is contacted and stressed with the first connecting structure 430 during flange transmission, and the first connecting piece and the first connecting structure 430 always have fit clearance due to the blockage of the rectangular teeth on the transmission shaft, so that the torque action of the first connecting structure 430 and the first connecting piece during transmission can be well avoided. The first coupling member may be a bolt, and the first coupling structure 430 may be a bolt hole through which the bolt passes when the flange body 410 is coupled to the drive shaft.

In this embodiment, a plurality of sets of transmission structures are disposed on the flange main body 410, each set of transmission structures includes a plurality of first transmission structures 420 disposed in parallel, the number of the first connection structures 430 is the same as that of the transmission structures, the first connection structures 430 correspond to the transmission structures one to one, and the transmission structures are configured to prevent torque from being transmitted to the corresponding first connection structures 430.

As shown in fig. 11, the present embodiment may provide a plurality of first connection structures 430 in a circumferential direction of the flange main body 410 to improve connection reliability. In addition, the present embodiment adopts a one-to-one corresponding arrangement manner of the transmission structure sets and the first connection structures 430. Each first connection structure 430 is protected by a corresponding transmission structure group, and it is ensured that the transmission structure group preferentially bears torque in the first connection structure 430 in the corresponding first connection structure 430 and the corresponding transmission structure group, so that the problem that when a plurality of first connection structures 430 are arranged, all the first connection structures 430 cannot be ensured to not bear torque is avoided. Wherein each group of transmission structures may be provided with a plurality of first transmission structures 420 arranged in parallel. During transmission, each first transmission structure 420 in the same group can collectively bear torque. The torque applied to the flange is further distributed to the first transmission structures 420 after being distributed to the transmission structure groups, so that the torque borne by each first transmission mechanism is reduced, and the torque borne by the whole flange is increased.

In addition, in the rotation direction, the first connecting structure 430 is located at the center of the corresponding transmission structure group. By adopting the above manner, each first transmission structure 420 in the transmission structure group can be subjected to torque before the first connection structure 430 contacts with the first connecting piece no matter the flange main body 410 rotates forwards or reversely, so that it is ensured that the torque is not transmitted to the first connection structure 430.

For example, 6 sets of drive structures may be provided on the flange body 410, with 4 rectangular teeth provided for each set of drive structures. The 4 rectangular teeth are parallel to each other and are symmetrically arranged with the diameter of the flange body 410 parallel to the four rectangular teeth as an axis of symmetry. And the first transmission structure 420 corresponding to the set of rectangular teeth is disposed on the set of symmetrical axes. The 6 groups of transmission structure groups are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the flange main body 410, that is, the angles of the intervals between any two adjacent transmission structure groups in the 6 groups of transmission structure groups are the same, and the intervals between the two adjacent groups are 60 degrees. It is understood that the number of the aforementioned transmission sets and the number of the first connecting structures 430 in each transmission structure set may adopt other numbers, and are not limited herein.

This embodiment may employ a plurality of rectangular teeth parallel to each other in a set of drive structures, and the length of each rectangular tooth is the same as the radial dimension of the end face of the flange body 410. By adopting the mode, the torque bearing capacity of each group of transmission structure can be further increased under the condition that the number of the rectangular teeth of each group is not increased.

As shown in fig. 10, in the present embodiment, the flange main body 410 includes a first connecting portion 411 having a cylindrical shape and a second connecting portion 412 having a disk shape, the first connecting portion 411 and the second connecting portion 412 are arranged along an axial direction of the flange main body 410, a through hole penetrating the connecting portions is formed in the first connecting portion 411, the first transmission structure 420 is a spline, the spline is formed in the through hole of the first connecting portion 411, and the first connecting structure 430 is formed in the second connecting portion 412.

When the first coupling structure 430 employs rectangular teeth, the rectangular teeth are disposed on a disk surface of the second coupling portion 412 facing the drive shaft.

In the present embodiment, the first connection portion 411 is used to achieve connection of the flange main body 410 with the transmission output shaft, and the second connection portion 412 is used to achieve connection of the flange main body 410 with the propeller shaft. In the present embodiment, the first connecting portion 411 and the second connecting portion 412 are arranged along the axial direction of the flange main body 410, so that the transmission output shaft transmission shafts are compactly distributed on both sides of the flange axial direction, and thus, the mutual influence between the power input side and the power output side can be avoided.

In the embodiment, the spline is adopted on the power input side for transmission, and the bearing capacity of the transmission is high. A through hole may be machined in the first connection portion 411 before a spline is machined in the through inner wall.

In the present embodiment, the second transmission structure 440 extends from the inner wall position of the through hole to the outer wall position of the second connection portion 412 along the radial direction of the second connection portion 412. In this manner, the radial dimension of the disk of the second coupling portion 412 is fully utilized to maximize the length of the rectangular tooth that can withstand torque.

When the length of the rectangular tooth is longer, the deformation amount of the rectangular tooth under the action of torque can be increased, and when the deformation amount exceeds a certain degree, the bearing capacity of the rectangular tooth can be reduced due to the fact that the same rectangular tooth is not in sufficient contact with the rectangular tooth matched with the rectangular tooth. In this regard, in the present embodiment, each rectangular tooth is composed of a plurality of sub-rectangular teeth having a smaller length, and two adjacent sub-rectangular teeth are disconnected from each other. By adopting the mode, the deformation of each sub-rectangular tooth is not accumulated on other sub-rectangular teeth, so that the deformation of the rectangular tooth can be dispersed to each sub-rectangular tooth, and the deformation of each sub-rectangular tooth is very small and cannot exceed the degree of insufficient contact of the rectangular tooth. The gap between adjacent sub-rectangular teeth can be small, so that the length of the part of the rectangular teeth which can bear the torque can not be obviously reduced by adopting the structure.

As shown in fig. 13, in the present embodiment, each transmission structure group is composed of two sub-transmission structure groups, namely a first sub-transmission structure group 441 and a second sub-transmission structure group 442. The number of the rectangular teeth in the two groups of sub-transmission structure groups, the cross-sectional shapes and the arrangement intervals are equal, only the two groups of sub-transmission structure groups are staggered in the circumferential direction, and each rectangular tooth is also divided into two mutually disconnected parts which belong to the two groups of sub-transmission structure groups. By adopting the method, the deformation amount of the rectangular tooth can be reduced without reducing the total length of the part of the rectangular tooth for bearing the torque. After the two sub-transmission structure groups are staggered in the circumferential direction, the stress of the flange main body 410 is not concentrated on the same circumferential position of the flange main body 410, and the deformation of the flange main body 410 is also dispersed to each position of the flange main body 410 in the circumferential direction.

One end of each rectangular tooth in the first sub-transmission structure group 441 extends to the outer wall of the flange main body 410, so that the milling cutter can remove materials from the outer side to the inner side of the flange main body 410 at one time to complete processing of the rectangular teeth, and processing efficiency can be obviously improved.

The first sub transmission structure group 441 and the second sub transmission structure group 442 may or may not be completely staggered in the circumferential direction. When the completely staggered manner is adopted, the first sub transmission structure group 441 and the second sub transmission structure group 442 partially overlap in the radial direction. The disconnected positions of the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 on the flange main body 410 cannot bear torque, and the stress applied to the positions, close to the disconnected positions, of the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 is also changed abruptly, which affects the service life of the flange. After the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 are partially overlapped in the radial direction, the original part, which cannot bear torque and is generated by the disconnection of the radial teeth of the flange main body 410 in the radial direction, is eliminated, and the stress of the part, close to the disconnection position, of the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the second sub-transmission structure group 442 is prevented from being suddenly changed.

When the method of incomplete staggering is adopted, the tooth spaces of the rectangular teeth in the first sub-transmission structure group 441 and the tooth tops of the rectangular teeth in the second sub-transmission structure group 442 can be aligned. In the foregoing manner, the portion of the flange main body 410 for bearing torque in the circumferential direction can be maximized in the same group of transmission structures, so that the flange main body 410 can bear more torque.

As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment, the same transmission structure group is composed of three sub-transmission structure groups, which are respectively the third sub-transmission structure group 443, the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444 and the fifth sub-transmission structure group 445 from the outer wall of the flange main body 410 inward. The rectangular teeth of each group of transmission structure group are mutually disconnected, the length of the rectangular teeth of the third sub-transmission structure group 443 is smaller than that of the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444, and the length of the rectangular teeth of the fourth sub-transmission structure group 444 is smaller than that of the rectangular teeth of the fifth sub-transmission structure group 445. Under the condition of bearing the same torque, the deformation of the outer side of the flange main body 410 is larger than that of the inner side of the flange main body, and the structure that the length of the rectangular teeth from inside to outside is shortened is adopted in the embodiment, so that the variance of the deformation of the rectangular teeth at each radial position of the flange main body 410 can be reduced, and the influence on the service life of the flange due to the overlarge deformation of the rectangular teeth at the local position in the radial direction of the flange main body 410 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 9, in the present embodiment, the second connecting portion 412 is provided with a limiting hole 4121 engaged with the transmission shaft, one end of the limiting hole 4121 facing the first connecting portion 411 is provided with a spigot 4122 for limiting the axial position of the transmission shaft, and the spline extends to the position of the spigot 4122.

When the end of the transmission shaft is installed, the end of the transmission shaft can be inserted into the limiting hole 4121 of the second connecting part 412 until the end of the transmission shaft abuts against the stop 4122. And the output shaft of the gearbox can be inserted into the through hole. Because the splines in the through bore extend to the location of the stop 4122, the input end transmits torque at a short distance from the end of the driveshaft. By adopting the mode, the distance between the position of the input end for transmitting the torque and the position of the output end for transmitting the torque can be shortened, so that the deformation of the transmission component between the input end and the output end under the action of the torque is reduced.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.