阅读说明：本技术 一种温控式饱和土固结仪 (Temperature control type saturated soil consolidation apparatus ) 是由 王国才 黄晨昱 刘祎阳 于 2021-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种温控式饱和土固结仪,包括压力室、温控室、加载系统和测试系统；所述压力室包括顶盖、底座和刚性套筒,刚性套筒的上下两端分别与顶盖和底座连接；压力室内从下往上依次放置第二透水石、第二滤纸、土样、第一滤纸、第一透水石和加压活塞,加压活塞上部与加载系统的传力杆连接；温控室设置于压力室外围,所述温控室内部装有导热油、热电偶和加热棒。本发明可有效克服加载时传力杆移动所产生摩擦力的影响,同时通过量力环和位移传感器及孔压传感器可自动采集数据,且测试精度高。温控室中的热电偶和加热棒有利于自动控制压力室内部土样的温度,实现任意温度下的测试的目的；具有功能齐全,构造简单,操作方便,自动化程度和测试精度高等优点。(A temperature control type saturated soil consolidation apparatus comprises a pressure chamber, a temperature control chamber, a loading system and a test system; the pressure chamber comprises a top cover, a base and a rigid sleeve, and the upper end and the lower end of the rigid sleeve are respectively connected with the top cover and the base; a second permeable stone, second filter paper, a soil sample, first filter paper, a first permeable stone and a pressurizing piston are sequentially placed in the pressure chamber from bottom to top, and the upper part of the pressurizing piston is connected with a dowel bar of the loading system; the temperature control chamber is arranged on the periphery of the pressure chamber, and heat conduction oil, a thermocouple and a heating rod are arranged in the temperature control chamber. The invention can effectively overcome the influence of friction force generated by the movement of the dowel bar during loading, can automatically acquire data through the force measuring ring, the displacement sensor and the pore pressure sensor, and has high testing precision. The thermocouple and the heating rod in the temperature control chamber are beneficial to automatically controlling the temperature of the soil sample in the pressure chamber, and the purpose of testing at any temperature is realized; the device has the advantages of complete functions, simple structure, convenient operation, high automation degree and test precision and the like.)

1. The utility model provides a control by temperature change formula saturated soil consolidometer which characterized in that: comprises a pressure chamber (1), a temperature control chamber (2), a loading system (3) and a test system;

the pressure chamber (1) comprises a top cover (15), a base (5) and a rigid sleeve (14), the upper end and the lower end of the rigid sleeve (14) are respectively connected with the top cover (15) and the base (5) in a sealing mode, and the lower end of the rigid sleeve (14) is embedded into a pressure chamber outer wall groove (53) formed in the upper surface of the base (5); a second permeable stone (11b), second filter paper, a soil sample (12), first filter paper, a first permeable stone (11a) and a pressurizing piston (13) are sequentially arranged in the pressure chamber (1) from bottom to top; a force transmission rod hole (16) is formed in the center of the top cover (15), a through hole (55) is formed in the center of the base (5), the through hole (55) is communicated with the guide pipe (47), and the guide pipe (47) extends out of the base (5) and is connected with a valve (45);

the temperature control chamber (2) is arranged at the periphery of the pressure chamber (1), the temperature control chamber (2) comprises a sleeve (23), the sleeve (23) is sleeved outside the rigid sleeve (14), the lower end of the sleeve (23) is embedded into a temperature control chamber outer wall groove (54) formed in the upper surface of the base (5), and the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve (23) are respectively in sealing connection with the top cover (15) and the base (5); heat conducting oil (25) is injected into the temperature control chamber (2), a heating rod (21) and a thermocouple (22) are arranged in the temperature control chamber (2), the heating rod (21) and the thermocouple (22) are respectively and electrically connected with a microcomputer (43), the thermocouple (22) transmits the collected temperature of the heat conducting oil (25) to the microcomputer (43), and the microcomputer (43) controls the heating temperature of the heating rod (21);

the loading system (3) comprises a hydraulic system (31), a dowel bar (32) and a cross beam (33), wherein the dowel bar (32) penetrates through a dowel bar hole (16) formed in the top cover (15) and is connected with a pressurizing piston (13) in the pressure chamber (1); the top of the dowel bar (32) is provided with a cross beam (33), and two ends of the cross beam (33) are connected with the hydraulic system (31) through upright columns (35); the hydraulic system (31) is electrically connected with a microcomputer (43), and the microcomputer (43) controls the free lifting of the upright post (35) to realize the automatic loading function;

the testing system comprises a force measuring ring (41), a displacement sensor (42) and a pore pressure sensor (44), wherein the force measuring ring (41) and the displacement sensor (42) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the dowel bar (32), and the pore pressure sensor (44) is arranged at the water outlet end of the guide pipe (47); the force measuring ring (41), the displacement sensor (42) and the pore pressure sensor (44) are respectively and electrically connected with a microcomputer (43).

2. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an axial clamping component is arranged between the top cover (15) and the base (5), and comprises four bolts (51); the upper end of the bolt (51) penetrates through a bolt through hole (17) formed in the top cover (15), the lower end of the bolt (51) is matched with a counter bore (52) with an internal thread formed in the upper surface of the base (5), and the top cover (15) and the base (5) are clamped by the axial clamping component, so that the rigid sleeve (14) and the sleeve (23) are clamped and fixed.

3. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thermocouple (22), the force measuring ring (41), the displacement sensor (42) and the pore pressure sensor (44) are connected to a signal interface (46) through leads, and the signal interface (46) is connected with a microcomputer (43) through a data line so as to carry out control and data acquisition.

4. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: oil filler point (24) have been seted up in the position corresponding with control by temperature change room (2) on top cap (15), oil filler point (24) and sealing plug form the cooperation, through oil filler point (24) are to controlling by temperature change room (2) interior injection conduction oil (25).

5. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: sealing gaskets are arranged between the rigid sleeve (14) and the top cover (15) and the base (5) and between the sleeve (23) and the top cover (15) and the base (5), and the sealing gaskets are made of rubber materials.

6. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the rigid sleeve (14) and the sleeve (23) are respectively padded with a layer of high-temperature resistant rubber ring.

7. The temperature-controlled saturated soil consolidometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thermocouple (22) is a K-type nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon thermocouple.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of geotechnical test instruments, in particular to a temperature control type saturated soil consolidation instrument.

Background

The consolidation test is an indoor conventional soil test in which a vertical pressure is gradually applied to a saturated soil sample under a lateral limit condition and the relationship between the pressure and the corresponding deformation of the soil sample is measured. However, due to the structure of the existing triple consolidometer, when a test is carried out, the load and the corresponding displacement value at a certain moment need to be manually recorded at any time, and the automatic recording and data processing functions cannot be realized. Meanwhile, when the force transmission shaft moves, friction force is generated, and the measurement precision is influenced. The temperature has certain influence on the consolidation deformation characteristic of the soil sample, and the influence of the temperature on the consolidation deformation characteristic of the saturated soil cannot be analyzed by adopting a conventional test instrument. Therefore, how to design a set of testing instrument which has simple structure, convenient operation, automatic recording and data processing capability and can also consider the temperature influence for the consolidation compression characteristic of the saturated soil has important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the problems, the invention provides a temperature control type saturated soil consolidation apparatus.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a temperature control type saturated soil consolidation apparatus comprises a pressure chamber, a temperature control chamber, a loading system and a test system;

the pressure chamber comprises a top cover, a base and a rigid sleeve, the upper end and the lower end of the rigid sleeve are respectively connected with the top cover and the base in a sealing manner, and the lower end of the rigid sleeve is embedded into a pressure chamber outer wall groove formed in the upper surface of the base; a second permeable stone, second filter paper, a soil sample, first filter paper, a first permeable stone and a pressurizing piston are sequentially arranged in the pressure chamber from bottom to top; the center of the top cover is provided with a force transmission rod hole, the center of the base is provided with a through hole, the through hole is communicated with a conduit, and the conduit extends out of the base and is connected with a valve;

the temperature control chamber is arranged at the periphery of the pressure chamber and comprises a sleeve, the sleeve is sleeved outside the rigid sleeve, the lower end of the sleeve is embedded into a temperature control chamber outer wall groove formed in the upper surface of the base, and the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve are respectively connected with the top cover and the base in a sealing manner; heat conducting oil is injected into the temperature control chamber, a heating rod and a thermocouple are arranged in the temperature control chamber, the heating rod and the thermocouple are respectively connected with a microcomputer, the thermocouple transmits the collected temperature of the heat conducting oil to the microcomputer, and the microcomputer controls the heating temperature of the heating rod;

the loading system comprises a hydraulic system, a dowel bar and a cross beam, wherein the dowel bar penetrates through a dowel bar hole formed in the top cover and is connected with a pressurizing piston in the pressure chamber; the top of the dowel bar is provided with a cross beam, and two ends of the cross beam are connected with a hydraulic system through upright posts; the hydraulic system is connected with the microcomputer, and the microcomputer controls the free lifting of the upright column to realize the automatic loading function;

the testing system comprises a force measuring ring, a displacement sensor and a pore pressure sensor, wherein the force measuring ring and the displacement sensor are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the dowel bar, and the pore pressure sensor is arranged at the water outlet end of the guide pipe; the force measuring ring, the displacement sensor and the pore pressure sensor are respectively connected with the micro-electro-mechanical system.

Further, an axial clamping component is arranged between the top cover and the base and comprises four bolts; the upper end of the bolt penetrates through a bolt through hole formed in the top cover, the lower end of the bolt is matched with a counter bore with internal threads formed in the upper surface of the base, and the top cover and the base are clamped by the axial clamping component, so that the rigid sleeve and the sleeve are clamped and fixed.

Furthermore, the thermocouple, the force measuring ring, the displacement sensor and the pore pressure sensor are connected to a signal interface through leads, and the signal interface is connected with a microcomputer through a data line so as to carry out control and data acquisition.

Furthermore, an oil injection hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the temperature control chamber, of the top cover, the oil injection hole is matched with the sealing plug, and heat conduction oil is injected into the temperature control chamber through the oil injection hole.

Further, sealing gaskets are arranged between the rigid sleeve and the top cover and between the rigid sleeve and the base and between the rigid sleeve and the top cover and between the rigid sleeve and the base, and the sealing gaskets are made of rubber materials.

Furthermore, a layer of high-temperature resistant rubber ring is respectively padded on the upper end face and the lower end face of the rigid sleeve and the sleeve.

Further, the thermocouple is a K-type nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon thermocouple.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has complete functions, simple structure, convenient operation, convenient disassembly and assembly and long service life; the built-in load sensor can effectively improve the testing precision and has high efficiency; the test device is fixed by the four bolts, so that the overall firmness of the device is high; the test temperature and the operation process can be conveniently controlled through the data module of the microcomputer.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a loading system according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the top cover of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the base of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dowel of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1, a pressure chamber, 2, a temperature control chamber and 3, a loading system; 11a first permeable stone, 11b second permeable stone, 12 soil samples, 13 pressurizing pistons, 14 rigid sleeves, 15 pressure chamber top covers, 16 dowel bar through holes and 17 bolt through holes; 21 heating rod, 22 thermocouple, 23 outer wall of temperature control chamber, 24 oil injection hole, 25 heat conducting oil; 31 hydraulic system, 32 dowel bars, 33 cross beams, 34 grooves and 35 upright columns; 41 measuring force rings, 42 displacement sensors, 43 microcomputers, 44 pore pressure sensors, 45 valves, 46 signal interfaces and 47 conduits; 5 base, 51 bolt, 52 counter bore, 53 pressure chamber outer wall groove, 54 temperature control chamber outer wall groove, 55 through hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., appear based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or implying that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to the attached drawings, the temperature control type saturated soil consolidation apparatus comprises a pressure chamber 1, a temperature control chamber 2, a loading system 3 and a test system;

the pressure chamber 1 comprises a pressure chamber top cover 15, a base 5 and a rigid sleeve 14, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the rigid sleeve 14 are respectively connected with the lower surface of the pressure chamber top cover 15 and the upper surface of the base 5 in a sealing manner, the lower end of the rigid sleeve 14 is embedded into an outer groove wall 53 of the pressure chamber, which is formed in the upper surface of the base 5, a dowel bar through hole 16 is formed in the middle of the pressure chamber top cover 15, a dowel bar 32 of a loading system 3 is arranged in the dowel bar through hole 16, one end of the dowel bar 32 is provided with a force measuring ring 41 and connected with a pressurizing piston 13, the other end of the dowel bar is provided with a displacement sensor 42 and is sleeved with a cross beam 33, and the cross beam 33 is provided with a groove 34 at a position corresponding to the dowel bar 32.

The pressure chamber 1 is internally provided with a second permeable stone 11b, second filter paper, a soil sample 12, first filter paper, a first permeable stone 11a and a pressurizing piston 13 from bottom to top in sequence, the pressurizing piston 13 is connected with a dowel bar 32, and the pressure chamber base 5 is provided with a conduit 47 which is connected with a pore pressure sensor 44 and a valve 45, so that the pore water pressure can be measured.

The loading system 3 comprises a hydraulic system 31, a dowel bar 32 and a cross beam 33, wherein the dowel bar 32 penetrates through a dowel bar hole 16 formed in the top cover 15 and is connected with a pressurizing piston 13 in the pressure chamber 1; the top of the dowel bar 32 is provided with a cross beam 33, and two ends of the cross beam 33 are connected with the hydraulic system 31 through upright posts 35; the hydraulic system 31 is electrically connected with a microcomputer 43, and the microcomputer 43 controls the free lifting of the upright post 35 to realize the automatic loading function; a load of a specified magnitude is applied to the soil sample 12 through the dowel 32.

The periphery of the pressure chamber 1 is provided with a temperature control chamber 2, the temperature control chamber 2 comprises a sleeve 23, the upper end and the lower end of the sleeve 23 are respectively connected with the lower surface of the top cover 15 and the upper surface of the base 5 in a sealing manner, the lower end of the sleeve 23 is embedded into an outer side wall groove 54 formed in the upper surface of the base 5, and two end surfaces of the rigid sleeve 14 and the sleeve 23 are respectively padded with a layer of high-temperature resistant rubber ring; an oil injection hole 24 is formed in the position, corresponding to the temperature control chamber 2, of the top cover 15, the oil injection hole 24 is matched with a sealing plug, heat conduction oil 25 can be injected into the temperature control chamber 2 through the oil injection hole 24, the temperature control chamber 2 is sealed by the sealing plug after the heat conduction oil is filled, and the heat conduction oil 25 can be added conveniently and the sealing performance of the device can be improved; thermocouple 22 and heating rod 21 are equipped with in the control by temperature change room 2, thermocouple 22 can test the temperature of conduction oil 25, heating rod 21 can heat conduction oil 25, and thermocouple 22 is K type nickel chromium-nickel silicon thermocouple, 41 models of gauge ring set up to LPS25HBTR type load cell. The thermocouple 22 and the heating rod 21 are respectively connected with a power socket and a signal interface 46 through leads, the signal interface 46 can be connected with an external microcomputer 43 through a data line, and a temperature control module on the microcomputer 43 can control the heating temperature of the heating rod 21, so that the temperature required by the test can be conveniently controlled.

An axial clamping component is arranged between the top cover 15 and the base (5), the axial clamping component is composed of four bolts 51, the upper ends of the bolts 51 penetrate through bolt through holes 17 of the pressure chamber top cover 15 and are matched with counter bores 52 with internal threads on the upper surface of the base 5, and the axial clamping component clamps the pressure chamber top cover 15 and the base 5, so that the pressure chamber 1 and the temperature control chamber 2 are clamped and fixed, and the overall stability of the device is improved. The joint of the rigid sleeve 14, the top cover 15 and the base 5 is provided with a sealing gasket which is made of rubber material, so that the sealing performance of the device is improved.

The testing system comprises a force measuring ring 41, a displacement sensor 42 and a pore pressure sensor 44, wherein the force measuring ring 41, the displacement sensor 42 and the pore pressure sensor 44 are respectively and electrically connected with a microcomputer 43.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: referring to fig. 1 and 2, before testing, a permeable stone 11, filter paper, a soil sample 12 and a pressurizing piston 13 are sequentially placed in a pressure chamber 1, then a temperature control chamber 2 and a loading system 3 are installed, and finally a pressure chamber top cover 15 and a base 5 are fixed; the heat conducting oil 25 is injected into the temperature control chamber 2, the temperature control module on the microcomputer 43 is used for regulating and controlling the temperature required by the test, and then the soil sample 12 in the pressure chamber 1 is heated. When the test is started, a predetermined load is set in the pressure controller of the microcomputer 43 to load the sample. Because the pressurizing piston 13 is arranged at the bottom of the dowel bar 32 and the force measuring ring 41 is arranged in the pressure chamber 1 at the same time, the influence of friction force when the dowel bar 32 moves during loading is effectively overcome during testing, the force measuring ring 41 can accurately measure and automatically acquire data; the axial clamping component is arranged, so that the pressure chamber top cover 15 and the base 5 can be fixed conveniently, the rigid sleeve 14 and the outer wall 23 of the temperature control chamber can be clamped and fixed conveniently, the device is prevented from being deviated due to the influence of external force, and the testing work and the testing precision are prevented from being influenced; the heat conducting oil 25 is injected into the temperature control chamber 2, and the thermocouple 22 and the heating rod 21 are arranged, so that the temperature of the soil sample 12 in the pressure chamber 1 can be controlled, and the purpose of testing at any temperature can be realized. The device is simple in structure, simple to operate, convenient to detach, long in service life, good in equipment integrity, high in test precision and convenient to use.

Referring to the attached drawings 4, 5 and 6 in the specification, the upper surface of the base 5 is provided with a pressure chamber outer wall groove 53, a temperature control chamber outer wall groove 54 and a counter bore 52 with internal threads, the pressure chamber outer wall groove 53 is matched with the rigid sleeve 14, the temperature control chamber outer wall groove 54 is matched with the temperature control chamber outer wall 23, and the counter bore 52 with internal threads is matched with the bolt 51, so that the pressure chamber top cover 15, the rigid sleeve 14, the temperature control chamber outer wall 23, the bolt 51 and the base 5 can be conveniently assembled, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

Referring to the attached figure 4 of the specification, the pressure chamber top cover 15 is provided with a dowel steel through hole 16, a bolt through hole 17, an oil filling hole 24 and a high-temperature-resistant rubber ring, the bolt through hole 17 is matched with a bolt 51, the pressure chamber top cover 15 and the base 5 are convenient to assemble, the assembling efficiency is improved, and the heat conduction oil 25 is favorably injected and poured out.

The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but includes equivalent technical means as would be recognized by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.