Mousse product, method and apparatus

文档序号：310105 发布日期：2021-11-26 浏览：45次中文

阅读说明：本技术 摩丝产品、方法和装置 (Mousse product, method and apparatus ) 是由王长明凌耀强 B·塞蒂亚万安东尼·安扎隆 L·斯塔舒拉于 2020-03-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种具有高光泽和良好铺展性的摩丝组合物,该摩丝组合物包含：(i)载体；(ii)一种或多种表面张力降低剂,这些表面张力降低剂降低该载体的表面张力；(iii)基于组分(i)-(v)的重量,大于5重量％至约20重量％的发泡剂,其中所述发泡剂包含至少约30重量％的反式-1234ze；以及(iv)除了所述表面张力降低剂之外,任选地一种或多种活性组分；以及(v)任选地一种或多种佐剂。(The present invention discloses a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability, the mousse composition comprising: (i) a carrier; (ii) one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the support; (iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent comprises at least about 30 weight percent trans-1234 ze; and (iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and (v) optionally one or more adjuvants.)

1. A mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability, the mousse composition comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 20 weight percent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent comprises at least about 30 weight percent trans-1234 ze; and

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants.

2. The mousse composition according to claim 1 wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water.

3. The mousse composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the foaming agent comprises at least about 40% by weight trans-1234 ze.

4. The mousse composition according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3 comprising from about 6% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier; and from about 7.5% to about 15% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent.

5. A mousse composition according to claim 1, claim 2, claim 3 or claim 4 wherein the foaming agent comprises from about 30 to about 70 weight% trans-1234 ze, from about 4 to about 11 weight% propane and from about 25 to about 60 weight% isobutylene.

6. The mousse composition according to any one of claims 1-5 wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater and an initial foam stability of 3 or greater.

7. The mousse composition according to any one of claims 1-6, provided that if the surface tension modifier is present in an amount of less than about 3% by weight, the component (v) is present and comprises an adjuvant that aids in the formation of foam cell walls from the carrier.

8. A method of treating a human, the method comprising applying the mousse according to any one of claims 1-7 to the skin and/or hair of the human.

9. The method of claim 8, the surface tension reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of: sodium cocoyl glycinate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sorbitan polyether-40 tetraoleate, disodium cocoamphodiacetate, and combinations of two or more of these, and wherein the method of application comprises applying the mousse formulation to the user to form a mousse foam having a density of about 0.05g/mL or less.

10. An article of manufacture comprising a container under pressure and the mousse according to any one of claims 1-7 in the container.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to mousse compositions, products and methods for delivery to the skin, hair and/or mucous membranes of animals, including in particular humans.

Background

Various aerosol and non-aerosol foams for delivering cosmetic, cleansing and/or pharmaceutical components to the skin, hair and/or mucous membranes of animals are known in the art. In particular, formulations that produce a substantially uniform, expanding/expandable foam that is susceptible to rupture by shear when dispensed are referred to in the art as "mousse" formulations or products.

In the formulation of foaming aerosol products, including mousses, the essential component is a propellant for dispensing the liquid concentrate from a container onto the skin, hair and/or mucous membranes of the individual to be treated. In manufacture, it is common to first fill a liquid concentrate portion of the formulation into a container, such as a can, sealed with a valve cup, and then introduce the propellant via pressure filling. It is also possible to prepare the container using under-cup filling, in which case the propellant is filled and the valve cup is sealed in one step.

One type of propellant that has been commonly used in the formulation of personal care products to date is compressed gas. Examples of compressed gases are nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., which are maintained as a gas in a pressurized vessel. Depending on the type of liquid concentrate used, they may be partially soluble in the liquid concentrate. The pressure generated by such a product can be controlled by the amount of propellant dissolved in the liquid concentrate and the amount of propellant remaining in the headspace. However, compressed gas is not widely used in personal care products because when the canister is used, the pressure drops over the life of the canister, resulting in different spray characteristics, lower spray rates, and poor foam quality over the life of the product. Such features are generally considered undesirable from a consumer satisfaction standpoint.

Another type of propellant that has been commonly used in the formulation of personal care products to date is a liquefied gas propellant or LG. LG is a gas at normal temperature and pressure, but becomes liquid at pressures above atmospheric pressure. An advantage of using LG is that, if properly designed, LG can maintain a constant pressure throughout the life of the product in the can by transitioning from a liquid to a gaseous state when the product in the can is dispensed for consumer use. This provides the user with a product that does not vary greatly in its characteristics from one use to the next, which is desirable from a consumer satisfaction standpoint.

Certain hydrocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons and dimethyl ether have been commonly used as LG. Fluorocarbons are the most widely used propellants until the mid-70 20 th century, when their use has been limited due to concerns about the destruction of the ozone layer. Hydrocarbons have become the propellant of choice for many personal care applications because they are readily available and less expensive than hydrofluorocarbons. Hydrocarbons used in the personal care industry include mixtures of propane and butane, most commonly mixtures of two or more of isobutane, n-butane and propane. For example, the propellant designated "A-46" is a mixture of 15.15 weight percent propane and 84.85 weight percent isobutane. The designation A-46 reflects a vapor pressure of 46psig at 70F for the blend.

One of the most commonly used hydrofluorocarbon propellants is HFC-152A, which has a vapor pressure of 62psig at 70F.

In the formulation of mousse products, the applicant has realised that the selection and amount of propellant may play a major role in the quality of the foam produced. The formulation parameters considered by the applicant to be important to the success of the mousse product and influenced by the propellant used to dispense and form the mousse include: (1) initial stability of the dispensed foam, which is representative of the shape and surface characteristics of the foam; (2) the density of the foam produced, which affects the weight of the ingredient dispensed per use; (3) gloss of the foam; (4) spreadability of the foam; and (5) the dispensing characteristics of the foam. In addition to the above, environmental issues also affect the success of the use of propellants in the formulation of mousse products, as the propellants are typically released into the atmosphere when the product is used. Thus, those skilled in the art recognize that formulating a new propellant for a mousse product that can simultaneously meet so many important requirements of the foam is a significant challenge.

Applicants have unexpectedly found that particularly high quality foams can be produced using a critical range of trans-1, 3,3, 3-tetrafluoropropene (trans-1234 ze) as a propellant and/or using trans-1234 ze in combination within specific amounts of the hydrocarbon propane and isobutane, as explained in detail below.

Applicants have also discovered that the use of certain surface reducing components in mousse formulations, methods and devices, which are unexpectedly low in the level of surface reducing components in the formulation, enables the formation of mousse foams at desired volume levels. Additionally, these same surfactants can be used to produce mousse formulations having unexpectedly high densities, with the desired advantage of being able to deliver higher levels of cleansing surfactant to the user for a given dose of mousse foam.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 1.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent comprises at least about 40 weight percent trans-1234 ze;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent;

and (v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 2.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent comprises at least about 50 weight percent trans-1234 ze;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 3.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 6% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from about 7.5 to about 15 weight percent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a blowing agent, wherein the blowing agent comprises at least about 40 weight percent trans-1234 ze;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 4.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 20 weight percent of a blowing agent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the blowing agent comprises from about 30 to about 70 weight percent trans-1234 ze, from about 4 to about 11 weight percent propane, and from about 25 to about 60 weight percent isobutane;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 5.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 6.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 3 or greater. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 7.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iii) (vi) from greater than 5 to about 20 weight percent of a blowing agent, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the blowing agent is from about 30 to about 70 weight percent trans-1234 ze, from about 4 to about 11 weight percent propane, and from about 25 to about 60 weight percent isobutane;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 4 or greater. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 8.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 9.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 10.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 11.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 12.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 13.

The present invention provides mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 3 or greater. For the sake of convenience in the art,

the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 14.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension modifying agents to reduce the surface tension of the carrier, with the proviso that if the surface tension modifying agent is present in an amount of less than about 3% by weight, then component (v) is present and contains an adjuvant that aids in the formation of foam cell walls from the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 16.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 17.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 18.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 19.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 20.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 21.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier, wherein the surface tension reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of sodium cocoyl glycinate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sorbitan polyether-40 tetraoleate, and disodium cocoamphodiacetate;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 22.

The present invention comprises mousse compositions having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the mousse composition according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as mousse 23.

The present invention also includes methods of forming a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 1.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 2.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 3.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 6% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 4.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 5.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 6.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater and an initial foam stability of 3 or greater. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 7.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

To about 60 wt% isobutane;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 4 or greater. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 8.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 9.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 10.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 11.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 12.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 13.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

To about 60 wt% isobutane;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 16.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 17.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 18.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 19.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 20.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

(b) applying the mousse formulation to a user to form a mousse foam, preferably a mousse foam having a density of about 0.05g/ml or less. For convenience, the method according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as method 22.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) (vi) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants; and

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 1.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent;

and (v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 2.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 3.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 6% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 4.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 5.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 6.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(a) providing a mousse formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 3 or greater. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 7.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 0.5% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 4 or greater. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 8.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 9.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 10.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 11.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 12.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 13.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 14.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(ii) (vi) from about 3% to about 20% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of one or more surface tension reducing agents that reduce the surface tension of the carrier;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a spreadability of 4 or greater, a gloss of 4 or greater, and an initial foam stability of 4 or greater. For convenience, the product location according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 15.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 16.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 17.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 18.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 19.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense said formulation, said formulation

Comprises the following steps:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and (v) optionally one or more adjuvants, wherein the foam has a gloss of 4 or greater. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 20.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 21.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight of a carrier, based on the weight of components (i) - (v);

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 22.

The present invention also includes an article of manufacture for dispensing a mousse composition having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, the article of manufacture comprising:

(a) a container containing a formulation under pressure and operable to dispense the formulation, the formulation comprising:

(i) from about 50% to about 90% by weight, based on the weight of components (i) - (v), of a carrier,

wherein the carrier comprises at least 90% by weight water;

(iv) optionally one or more active components in addition to the surface tension reducing agent; and

(v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, the article according to this paragraph is sometimes referred to herein as a mousse dispenser 23.

Drawings

FIG. C1A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1A herein.

FIG. C1B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1B herein.

FIG. C1C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1C herein.

FIG. C1D is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1D herein.

FIG. C1E is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1E herein.

FIG. C1F is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C1F herein.

FIG. 1A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 1A herein.

FIG. 1B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 1B herein.

FIG. 1C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 1C herein.

FIG. 1D, FIG. 1E and FIG. 1F are photographs of the foams obtained in example 1C herein.

FIG. C2A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C2A of the examples herein.

FIG. C2B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C2B of the examples herein.

FIG. C2C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C2C of the examples herein.

FIG. 2A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 2A herein.

FIG. 2B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 2B herein.

FIG. 2C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 2C herein.

FIG. C3A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C3A herein.

FIG. C3B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C3B herein.

FIG. C3C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C3C herein.

FIG. 3A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 3A herein.

FIG. 3B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 3B herein.

FIG. 3C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 3C herein.

FIG. 4A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 4 herein.

FIG. 4B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 4 herein.

FIG. C5A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C5A herein.

FIG. C5B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C5B herein.

FIG. C5C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example C5C herein.

FIG. 5A is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 5A herein.

FIG. 5B is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 5B herein.

FIG. 5C is a photograph of the foam obtained in example 5C herein.

FIG. 6A is a graph of foam density data from example 6.

Figure 6B is a graph of the foam volume data in example 6.

Detailed Description

The present invention provides mousse compositions comprising (i) a carrier; (ii) (ii) at least one surface tension modifier, (iii) a foaming agent, (iv) optionally one or more active ingredients in addition to the surface tension modifier, and (v) optionally one or more adjuvants. For convenience, components (i), (ii), (iv) and (v) are sometimes referred to herein as the "concentrate" portion of the mousse composition. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the specific amounts and types of components used in the concentrate portion of the mousses of the invention (including each of the mousses 1-23) can be varied and adjusted to achieve specific target uses of the product within the objectives and teachings of the invention.

Use of

Broadly, the mousse compositions of the invention can be used to deliver one or more components to the skin and/or hair and/or mucosa of an animal (preferably a human) to affect the appearance, condition or health of the user to which it is applied. Such uses include, but are not limited to, use as personal care products. As used herein, the term "personal care" refers to a variety of products that affect the health and/or appearance of a user as applied. Thus, the term "personal care" includes within its meaning cosmetic and pharmaceutical/pharmaceutical uses. As used herein, the terms "cosmetic use," "cosmetic product," and similar terms refer to a use, product, or the like that has an effect on the look and/or feel and/or odor and/or cleanliness of a user. As used herein, the terms "pharmaceutical" and "pharmaceutical" uses and products refer to uses, products, etc., that affect the health of a user by ameliorating or treating a disease, injury, or other health condition of the user or as a skin or hair protectant of the user.

Thus, the present invention encompasses the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-23) as a personal care product.

Generally, the personal care uses and products of the present invention may be classified as "rinse-off" products or "leave-on" products. As used herein, the term "rinse-off product refers to a product that is intended to be applied, rubbed into or onto the skin or hair of a user, and then typically rinsed off with water. By contrast, a "leave-on" product refers to a product intended to be applied, optionally rubbed into the skin or hair of a user, and then left on the body for an extended period of time, preferably with a relatively longer term impact on the appearance and/or feel and/or odor and/or health of the user.

Thus, the present invention encompasses the use of the mousses of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-23) as rinse-off personal care products.

Thus, the present invention encompasses the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-23) as a leave-on personal care product.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a cosmetic.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a rinse-off cosmetic.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a leave-on cosmetic.

Thus, the present invention also encompasses the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-23) as a rinse-off drug/pharmaceutical product.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1-23) as a leave-on pharmaceutical/drug product.

Examples of cosmetic uses and cosmetic products include shampoos, conditioners, skin cleansers, facial cleansers, hair styling, shaping and coloring products, shaving creams, tanning products, sun protection products, skin moisturizers, fragrances, facial cosmetic preparations, and deodorants.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a shampoo.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a hand sanitizer.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a bathing agent.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a facial cleanser.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a shaving cream. Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 22) as a skin moisturizing agent.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a sun-shading agent.

Thus, the present invention also encompasses the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-22) as a leave-on profile mousse.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a hair coloring mousse.

Therefore, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) as a hair styling mousse.

Thus, the present invention also includes the use of the mousse of the present invention (including each of mousses 1-23) as a hair conditioning mousse.

Examples of drugs/pharmaceutical uses and drugs/drug products include topical treatments for skin or hair problems or diseases (such as dandruff or rash), systemically administered drugs or drugs applied transdermally, and products for treating or inhibiting biological conditions in a user (such as antiperspirants and sunscreens).

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many personal products will fall into the cosmetic and pharmaceutical/pharmaceutical categories, and all such dual use products and uses are within the scope of the present invention. For example, shampoos are cosmetics because their intended use is to clean hair, and anti-dandruff treatments are drugs/medications because their intended use is to treat dandruff. Thus, antidandruff shampoos belong to the cosmetic and pharmaceutical/pharmaceutical categories as they clean hair and treat dandruff. Other personal care products in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical/pharmaceutical categories include toothpaste containing fluoride, deodorants also as antiperspirants, and moisturizers and cosmetics with sunscreen components.

Mousse

Carrier

The mousses of the invention, including each of mousses 1-23, comprise a carrier which can comprise an aqueous carrier, a non-aqueous carrier, or a combination of aqueous and non-aqueous carriers. For example, the carrier of the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) can comprise water forming a continuous phase with one or more or all of the other components of the concentrate dissolved, suspended, dispersed and/or emulsified therein. For example, in the case of a hair conditioning shampoo product, the carrier may comprise water in which the particles of water-insoluble conditioning agent are dispersed or suspended, as well as other active ingredients and adjuvants that may be present. In the case of a sunscreen mousse product, by way of another example, the carrier may comprise water in which an oil soluble sunscreen active is emulsified. In a preferred embodiment, the water is preferably distilled and/or deionized.

In a preferred embodiment, water is preferably present in the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) in an amount of from about 30% to about 98% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, water is preferably present in the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) in an amount of from about 50% to about 98% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, water is preferably present in the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) in an amount of from about 60% to about 98% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) comprises a carrier comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of water.

The mousses of the invention, including each of mousses 1-23, can comprise a carrier which is an organic carrier which forms a continuous phase with one or more or all of the other components of the concentrate in which it is dissolved, suspended, dispersed and/or emulsified.

In a preferred embodiment, the mousse (including each of mousses 1-23) comprises a carrier comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of an organic solvent.

The mousses of the invention, including each of mousses 1-23, can comprise a carrier in the form of an oil-in-water emulsion or a water-in-oil emulsion.

Surface tension reducing agent

In a preferred embodiment, the surface tension reducing agent comprises at least one surfactant. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, such surfactants not only provide a reduction in the surface tension of the carrier (preferably water), but may also be used as an active ingredient, since in many preferred embodiments the surfactant also provides a cleaning effect on the formulation. Surfactants may also be present as emulsifiers for emulsifying active components that may be present (such as, for example, conditioning agents in the form of silicones and high molecular weight hydrocarbon materials).

The surfactant suitable for the mousse of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) can be an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, or a combination of two or more of these.

Examples of anionic surfactants (including those which can also be used as emulsifiers) suitable for the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) include alkyl aryl sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; alkyl sulfates, such as sodium lauryl sulfate; alkyl ether sulfates, such as sodium lauryl ether sulfate nEO, where n is 1 to 20; alkyl phenol ether sulfates, such as octyl phenol ether sulfate nEO, wherein n is 1 to 20; sulfosuccinates, such as sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate; amino acid based surfactants derived from natural coconut fatty acids and the amino acid glycine, such as sodium cocoyl glycinate.

Examples of nonionic surfactants (including those which may also serve as emulsifiers) suitable for the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) are alkylphenol ethoxylates, such as nonylphenol ethoxylate nEO, where n is from 1 to 50; alcohol ethoxylates, such as lauryl alcohol nEO, where n is 1 to 50; ester ethoxylates, such as polyoxyethylene monostearate, in which the number of oxyethylene units is from 1 to 30. Examples include: ethers of α -hydro- ω -hydroxy poly (oxy-1, 2-ethanediyl) with tetra- (9Z) -9-octadecenoic acid D-sorbitol (6:1) ester, also known and herein referred to as sorbitol polyether-40 tetraoleate: coco glucoside and PEG-80 sorbitan laurate.

Amphoteric and zwitterionic cleansing surfactants suitable for use in the mousses of the invention, including each of mousses 1-23, can include alkyl amine oxides, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl sulfobetaines (sultaines), alkyl glycinates, alkyl carboxyglycinates, alkyl amphopropionates, alkyl amphoglycinates, and alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines. Examples include lauryl amine oxide, coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, and preferably lauryl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, and sodium cocoamphopropionate, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium lauroyl amphoacetate.

Preferably, the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant used as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation) is generally from 0.5% to about 50%, based on the total weight of the mousse.

Preferably, the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant used as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation) is generally from 3% to about 50%, based on the total weight of the mousse.

Preferably, the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant used as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation) is generally from 3% to about 25%, based on the total weight of the mousse.

Preferably, the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant used as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation) is generally from 10% to about 25%, based on the total weight of the mousse.

Preferably, the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant used as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation) is generally from 10% to about 20%, based on the total weight of the mousse.

When the surfactant comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of: the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant that acts as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation), including the mousse (including each of the mousses 1-23), when consisting essentially of, or consisting of the surfactant, is preferably from 0.5% to less than 10% based on the total weight of the mousse (including any surfactant that acts as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation).

When the surfactant comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of: the total amount of surfactant (including any surfactant that acts as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation), including the mousse (including each of the mousses 1-23), when consisting essentially of, or consisting of the surfactant, is preferably 0.5% to less than 5% based on the total weight of the mousse (including any surfactant that acts as an emulsifier for another component of the formulation).

Preferably, the mousse formulation of the present invention (including each of the mousses 1 to 23) comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of: sodium cocoyl glycinate, cocamidopropyl betaine, sorbitan polyether-40 tetraoleate, disodium cocoyl amphodiacetate, and combinations of two or more of these, or consists essentially of, or consists of the surfactant.

Foaming agent

The foaming agent of the present invention acts to form a foam form of the mousse from the carrier and in conjunction with the mousse process (including each of the mousse processes 1-23) and in conjunction with the mousse dispenser (including each of the mousse dispensers 1-23), also preferably acts to discharge the concentrate from the container.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of trans-1234 ze.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 30% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 35% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 40% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 50% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 60% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 70% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising from about 30 to about 70 weight percent trans-1234 ze, from about 4 to about 11 weight percent propane, and from about 25 to about 60 weight percent isobutane.

The mousse of the invention preferably comprises a blowing agent comprising at least 80% by weight of trans-1234 ze, based on the total blowing agent in the mousse.

In a preferred embodiment, from greater than 5% to about 20% by weight of the mousse is a foaming agent.

Active ingredient

In a preferred embodiment, the mousse of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) comprises one or more active components in addition to the surfactant. In particular, one skilled in the art may include such active ingredients depending on the intended function of the mousse.

Particularly in the preferred hair styling mousse embodiments, the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) include an active ingredient that affects the shape or texture of the hair.

Particularly in the preferred hair conditioner mousse embodiment, the mousse of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) comprises a hair conditioning component.

Particularly in the preferred skin moisturizing mousse embodiments, the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) include a skin moisturizing agent.

Particularly in a preferred sunscreen mousse embodiment, the mousse of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) includes a component that protects the skin of the user from sun exposure.

Particularly in preferred hair coloring mousse embodiments, the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) include a component that affects hair coloring.

Each of these active ingredients will be present in an amount effective to achieve its purpose.

Adjuvant

In a preferred embodiment, the mousses of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) include one or more adjuvants included in the formulation in order to fine-tune one or more characteristics of the mousse to suit the needs of the particular mousse. In particular, one skilled in the art may include such active ingredients depending on the intended function of the mousse.

For example, the mousse of the invention (including each of mousses 1-23) may comprise, for example, one or more of: pigments or colorants that affect the color of the mousse; a thickener; a film-forming agent; a pH adjusting agent; an emulsifier; a rinse aid; a fragrance; a viscosity modifier; a preservative; polyols such as glycerol and polypropylene glycol; and chelating agents such as EDTA. Each of these ingredients will be present in an amount effective to achieve its purpose.

Method

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a personal care mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a shampoo.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a hand sanitizer.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a body wash.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a facial cleanser.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high shine and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a skin conditioner.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a flavor mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a skin moisturizer.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a sun-shading mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a leave-on profile mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a hair styling mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a hair coloring mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a hair styling mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high shine and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a hair conditioning mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a shave cream mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a cosmetic mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a drug/medicament mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a cosmetic mousse and a pharmaceutical/medicinal mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is an anti-dandruff shampoo mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a tanning mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is a sun-protecting mousse.

The present invention includes methods of forming a mousse having high shine and good spreadability on a user, including each of methods 1-23, wherein the mousse is an antiperspirant and/or deodorant mousse.

Dispenser

The present invention includes a dispenser for dispensing mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of the mousse dispensers 1-23, wherein the mousse is a personal care mousse.

The present invention includes a dispenser for dispensing mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of the mousse dispensers 1-23, wherein the mousse is shampoo.

The present invention includes a dispenser for dispensing mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising each of the mousse dispensers 1-23, wherein the mousse is a body wash.

The present invention includes a dispenser for dispensing mousses having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, including each of the mousse dispensers 1-23, wherein the mousse is a skin moisturizer.

The present invention includes a dispenser for dispensing a mousse having high gloss and good spreadability on a user, comprising each of the mousse dispensers 1-23, wherein the mousse is a deodorant mousse.

Examples

Comparative examples C1A-C1C-mousse shampoos with 5% -10% A-46 propellant

Mousse shampoo formulations were prepared using the ingredients and amounts shown in table 1 below, wherein all amounts are in weight percent:

comparative Table 1 shampoo mousse

The formulation is formed by first adding water to a mixing vessel. Components 3 through 4 were then added sequentially to the vessel in the order listed with mixing. Then heated while mixing to raise the temperature of the vessel contents to 70 ℃. Mixing was continued until a clear liquid phase was formed. The contents of the vessel were then cooled to room temperature (about 25 ℃). Components 5 to 10 were then added sequentially in the order listed with thorough mixing between additions. The formulation is then filled into a can in an amount to create about 20% headspace in the can based on the relative amount of propellant to be added as described below. The can is then sealed. The propellant consisting of a-46 was then added to the can in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 95% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 1 and 5% by weight of a-46 propellant. This same experiment was then repeated, but in successive experiments, so that a-46 was then added to the can in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 92.5% and 90% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 1 and 7.5% and 10% by weight of a-46 propellant, respectively.

The contents of the canister from each experiment were then discharged by pressing the actuator for 1 second. The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table C1 below.

TABLE C1

Density properties reported herein were measured by filling a 25mL can with foam to the edge and measuring the weight of the foam. The density was calculated by dividing the measured weight by the volume of the tank. Photographs of the resulting foams from each experiment are provided in comparative fig. C1A, C1B, and C1C.

As can be seen from the tables and figures, this shampoo mousse formulation, which is typically representative of a shampoo mousse formulation, when combined with 5 to 10% by weight of a-46 as a propellant, produces a foam having gloss characteristics which are disadvantageous for many important applications from a consumer appearance and use standpoint.

In addition, while the initial foam shape tends to improve with increasing amounts of A-46 propellant, the increase in A-46 propellant has a significant adverse effect on the spreadability of the foam. Specifically, example C1C foam was tested by dispensing onto the palm of the user's hand (see comparative fig. C1D), and the user then attempted to spread the formulation onto the skin (see comparative fig. C1E and fig. C1F):

as shown in the above photograph, this formulation with 10% a-46 as propellant performed very poorly from a spreadability point of view. In particular, the foam does not spread evenly and results in large areas where the formulation is not present on the skin or is only present thinly on the skin.

Examples 1A-1C-mousse shampoo with 5%, 7.5% and 10% trans-1234 ze propellant

The same mousse shampoo formulation as described in comparative example C1 was prepared, combined with a propellant and dispensed as in comparative example 1, except that the propellant used consisted of trans-1234 ze. The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Photographs of the foams obtained for each experiment are provided in fig. 1A, 1B, and 1C herein.

As can be seen from the tables and figures, the gloss and moisture characteristics of the foams prepared with trans-1234 ze as the propellant produced foams with significantly and unexpectedly superior gloss and moisture compared to the same foam formulation using a-46.

The foam from example 1C (10% trans-1234 ze as propellant) not only had the best initial foam stability performance, but the foam also had excellent spreading properties. Specifically, the example 1C foam was tested by dispensing onto the palm of the user's hand (see fig. 1D), and the user was able to easily and satisfactorily spread the formulation onto the skin (see fig. 1E and 1F).

Furthermore, these examples show that applicants have found that unexpectedly advantageous foams can be produced when the amount of trans-1234 ze used as a propellant is greater than 5%, more preferably from about 7.5% to about 10%. Specifically, from an initial foam stability point of view, the foam produced using 5% trans-1234 ze produced a foam mass below the midpoint of this scale. Specifically, the foam made from 5% trans-1234 ze is relatively flat and contains surface pores and bubbles, which would result in the foam being considered to have inferior amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective compared to a fluffy foam that does not have visible pores or surface bubbles. On the other hand, as can be seen from photograph 1B above, the use of 7.5 wt% trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam with greatly and unexpectedly improved stability relative to the foam produced in example 1A. In particular, the foam produced from example 1B with 7.5% trans-1234 ze was higher (i.e., uneven) and had fewer surface pores and bubbles than the foam produced from example 1A, and thus the foam would be considered to have excellent amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective. Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 1C, the use of 10% by weight of trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam with a very large and unexpectedly improved initial stability relative to the foam produced in example 1A. Specifically, the foam produced by example 1C with 10% trans-1234 ze was higher and more domed (i.e., uneven) than the foams produced by 5% and 7.5% trans-1234 ze and exhibited substantially no visible surface pores or bubbles, and thus would be considered to be of superior amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective.

Comparative example C2A-C2C-shaving mousse with 5% -10% A-46 propellant

Shaving formulations were prepared using the ingredients and amounts shown in comparative table 2 below:

comparative table 2 shaving mousses

The formulation is formed by adding components 1,2 and 3 to a first container and by adding components 4-10 to a second container. The contents of each container are then heated to a temperature of about 70 ℃ to about 75 ℃. The contents of the first container are then added to the contents of the second container with stirring. The formulation is then filled into a can in an amount to create about 20% headspace in the can based on the relative amount of propellant to be added as described below. The can is then sealed. The propellant consisting of a-46 was then added to the can in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 95% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 2 and 5% by weight of a-46 propellant (example C2A). This same experiment was then repeated except that in experiments C2B and C2C, a-46 was added to the cans in amounts to produce can contents consisting of 92.5% and 90% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 2 and 7.5% and 10% by weight of a-46 propellant, respectively.

The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table C2 below.

TABLE C2

As can be seen from the above tables and photographs, this shaving mousse formulation, which is typically representative of a shaving mousse formulation, when combined with 5 to 10% by weight of a-46 as a propellant, produces a foam having gloss, moisture and spray characteristics which are disadvantageous for many important applications from the standpoint of consumer appearance and use.

Examples 2A-2C-shaving mousses with 5%, 7.5% and 10% trans-1234 ze propellant

The same shaving mousse formulation as described in comparative example C2 was prepared, combined with a propellant and dispensed as in comparative example 2, except that the propellant used consisted of trans-1234 ze. The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table 2 below.

TABLE 2

Photographs of the foams obtained for each experiment are provided in fig. 2A, 2B, and 2C herein.

As can be seen from the above tables and photographs, the gloss, humidity, spreadability, and spray characteristics of the foams produced with trans-1234 ze as the propellant are significantly and unexpectedly superior to the characteristics of the same foam formulation but using A-46 as the propellant. Furthermore, these examples show that applicants have found that unexpectedly advantageous foams can be produced when the amount of trans-1234 ze used as a propellant is greater than 5%, more preferably from about 7.5% to about 10%. Specifically, from a foam shape and quantity perspective, the foam produced using 5% trans-1234 ze produced foam quality on each of these scales near or below the midpoint. Specifically, the foam made from 5% trans-1234 ze was relatively flat and had many relatively large (readily visible) surface pores and bubbles. This combination of conditions will result in a foam that is considered to be of relatively poor quantity and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective as compared to a taller foam that does not have visible cells or surface bubbles. On the other hand, as can be seen from fig. 2B, the use of 7.5 wt% trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam having a much and unexpectedly improved amount and shape relative to the foam produced in example 2A. In particular, the foam produced from example 2B with 7.5% trans-1234 ze was higher (i.e., uneven and more dome-shaped) and had fewer surface pores and bubbles than the foam produced from example 2A, and thus the foam would be considered to have excellent amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective. Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 2C above, the use of 10 wt.% trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam having a much and unexpectedly improved amount and shape relative to the foam produced in example 2A. Specifically, the foam produced by example 2C with 10% trans-1234 ze was higher (i.e., uneven and more dome-shaped) than the foam produced by examples 2A and 2B and exhibited substantially no visible surface pores or bubbles, and thus would be considered to have an excellent amount sum from a consumer appearance and use perspective.

Comparative examples C3A-C3C-styling mousses with 5% -10% A-46 propellant

The following comparative ingredients and amounts shown in table 3 were used to prepare styling formulations:

comparative Table 3-styling mousses

The formulation is formed by adding the components to the container in the order listed, with each addition being stirred. A clear liquid is formed. The formulation is then filled into a can in an amount to create about 20% headspace in the can based on the relative amount of propellant to be added as described below. The can is then sealed. The propellant consisting of a-46 was then added to the can in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 95% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 3 and 5% by weight of a-46 propellant (example C3A). This same experiment was then repeated except that in experiments C3B and C3C, a-46 was added to the can in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 92.5% and 90% by weight of the formulation of comparative table 3 and 7.5% and 10% by weight of a-46 propellant, respectively.

The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table C3 below.

TABLE C3

Photographs of the resulting foams from each experiment are provided in fig. C3A, fig. C3B, and fig. C3C herein.

As can be seen from the above tables and photographs, this shaving mousse formulation, which generally represents a styling mousse formulation, when combined with 5 to 10% by weight of a-46 as propellant, produces a foam with gloss, moisture, spreadability and sprayability, which characteristics are disadvantageous for many important applications from the point of view of consumer appearance and use.

Examples 3A-3C-styling mousses with 5%, 7.5% and 10% trans-1234 ze propellant

The same styling mousse formulation as described in comparative example C3 was prepared, combined with a propellant and dispensed as in comparative example 3, except that the propellant used consisted of trans-1234 ze. The foam produced by each can was then evaluated and the results are reported in table 3 below.

TABLE 3

Photographs of the foams obtained for each experiment are provided in fig. 3A, 3B, and 3C herein.

As can be seen from the tables and figures, the gloss, humidity, spreadability and spray characteristics of the foam produced with trans-1234 ze as the propellant are significantly and unexpectedly superior to the characteristics of the same foam formulation but using a-46 as the propellant. Furthermore, these examples show that applicants have found that unexpectedly advantageous foams can be produced when the amount of trans-1234 ze used as a propellant is greater than 5%, more preferably from about 7.5% to about 10%. Specifically, from a foam shape, stability and quantity perspective, the foam produced using 5% trans-1234 ze produced foam quality near or below the midpoint of each of these scales. Specifically, the foam made from 5% trans-1234 ze was relatively flat and had many relatively large (readily visible) surface pores and bubbles, and a stability of 2. This combination of conditions will result in foams that are considered to have relatively poor amount, stability and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective as compared to higher foams that do not have visible cells or surface bubbles. On the other hand, as can be seen from fig. 3B above, the use of 7.5 wt% trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam having a much and unexpectedly improved shape, stability and amount relative to the foam produced in example 3A. In particular, the foam produced from example 3B with 7.5% trans-1234 ze was higher (i.e., uneven and more dome-shaped) and had fewer surface pores and bubbles than the foam produced from example 3A, and thus the foam would be considered to have excellent amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective. Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 3C above, the use of 10 wt.% trans-1234 ze as a propellant produced a foam having a much and unexpectedly improved amount and shape relative to the foam produced in example 3A. Specifically, the foam produced by example 3C with 10% trans-1234 ze was taller and more domed (i.e., uneven) and exhibited substantially no visible surface pores or bubbles, and thus the foam would be considered to have excellent amount and shape from a consumer appearance and use perspective.

Examples 4A-4I-mousse shampoo with propellant containing trans-1234 ze and A-46

The same shampoo mousse formulation as described in comparative example C1 was used with a series of propellants comprising trans-1234 ze and propellant a-46. The different propellant blends tested are described in table 4 below:

TABLE 4

Cans containing 90% by weight of the mousse formulation and 10% of each of the propellants 1-9 were prepared and foam was dispensed from each of the 9 cans onto a horizontal panel of black kraft paper and allowed to form for 3 minutes after dispensing, the dispensing being juxtaposed as shown in fig. 4A herein.

This experiment shows that mousse formulations having a propellant comprising trans-1234 ze in combination with a-46, wherein the weight ratio of trans-1234 ze to a-46 is from about 7:3 to about 3:7, and even more preferably from about 7:3 to about 4:6, with a ratio of about 7:3 to about 5:5 being highly preferred, are used. In particular, these results show that the use of formulations of trans-1234 ze and A-46 in the preferred ratios in blends provides foams with unexpectedly high levels of performance in terms of foam shape, gloss, humidity, stability and volume.

In addition, cans containing 90% by weight of the mousse formulation and 10% of each of the propellants 1-9 were prepared and foam was dispensed from each of the 9 cans onto a vertical panel of black kraft paper and allowed to form for 3 minutes after dispensing, the dispensing being shown side by side in fig. 4A herein:

this experiment shows that unexpected advantages are achieved with a propellant comprising trans-1234 ze in combination with A-46 in a weight ratio of trans-1234 ze to A-46 of from about 6:4 to about 4:6, and even more preferably from about 6:4 to about 5:5, in terms of excellent foam spreadability and stability.

Comparative example C5-sunshade mousse 10% A-46 propellant

The sun-shading mousse was prepared using the ingredients and amounts shown in table 5 below, wherein all amounts are in weight percent:

TABLE C5 Sun-shading mousse

The formulation is formed by: an oil phase containing the sun filter, beeswax, Tego alkanol IC20, Arlacel 165, ganex v220, c12-15 alkyl benzoate, caprylic capric triglyceride is first prepared at a temperature of 70-80 deg.C and those components are mixed until homogeneous. The aqueous phase was then formed by adding water to a separate vessel, then dispersing Natrosol 250HX until homogeneous. The aqueous phase was then heated to 70-75 ℃ and the following components were then added: disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, chlorphenesin, propylene glycol and polysorbate-20. The aqueous phase components were then mixed until homogeneous. Emulsification is achieved by adding the oil phase to the water phase under homogenization until an opaque emulsion is formed.

The formulation is then filled into a can in an amount to create about 20% headspace in the can based on the relative amount of propellant to be added as described below. The can is then sealed. A propellant consisting of a-46 was then added to the cans in an amount to produce can contents consisting of 90% by weight of the formulation of table C5 and 10% by weight of a-46 (example C5A).

In addition, foams made with higher levels of A-46 propellant have a significant adverse effect on the spreadability of the foam. Specifically, the foam was tested by dispensing onto the back of the user's hand (see fig. C5A), and the user then attempted to spread the formulation onto the skin (see fig. C5B and fig. C5C).

As shown in fig. C5A, C5B, and C5C, this formulation with 10% a-46 as the propellant performed very poorly from a spreadability perspective. Specifically, the foam did not spread evenly and resulted in a larger lumpy area and left a larger area where the formulation was not present on the skin.

Example 5 Sun mousse with 10% Trans-1234 ze propellant

A suntan mousse formulation was prepared as described in comparative example 5 and combined with a propellant and dispensed as described in comparative example 5, except that the propellant used consisted of trans-1234 ze, so that the can had 10% by weight of trans-1234 ze. This foam is dispensed onto the back of the user's hand (see fig. 5A) and the user is able to easily and satisfactorily spread the formulation onto the skin (see fig. 5B and 5C).

Example 6-mousse skin cleanser with propellant containing trans-1234 ze and different surfactants

A series of mousse foams made using trans-1234 ze as a propellant in an amount of about 10% by weight of the formulation contents were prepared and compared with a series of different surfactants, the remainder being water, using a skin mousse formulation. Cans containing mousse formulations having 2.5%, 5%, and 10% by weight of the test surfactant were prepared, and foams were dispensed from each of the cans and the foam densities were measured. The results are reported in table 6A below and fig. 6A (where the first bar of each surfactant is 2.5%, the second bar is 5%, and the third bar is 10%).

TABLE 6A

As can be seen from the above data, the foam density of mousses generally increases with decreasing surfactant concentration. However, applicants have unexpectedly found that small, limited amounts of surfactants provide the unexpected opposite result of a decrease in foam density with decreasing surfactant concentration when used in the mousse formulations of the invention, including each of mousses 1-23. This result is shown in fig. 6B herein, which shows the foam volume (which is inversely proportional to foam density) generated for the same surfactant as reported in table 6A for surfactant concentrations of 2.5 wt%, 5 wt%, and 10 wt%.

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