阅读说明：本技术 一种新的Ecotan皮革鞣制工艺 (Novel Ecotan leather tanning process ) 是由 安东尼奥 于 2021-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种新的Ecotan皮革鞣制工艺,所述新的Ecotan皮革鞣制工艺是从植物中提取单宁,得到植物单宁作为鞣制剂；将生皮经过浸水、浸灰、脱灰、浸酸,变为酸皮；向酸皮中加入鞣制剂和水及其他助剂进行鞣制,得到皮胚和皮革制品废弃物；皮革制品废弃物作为有机肥原料用于农业。本发明的有益效果：本发明的鞣制剂来自植物提取物,环保、无害；生产的产品能达到环保要求,无金属,不含任何危险物；皮革废弃物可用于生产有机肥,经济价值高；本发明的原料采用生皮,属于肉类工业产生的废弃物,成本低廉；生皮经过植物单宁进行预鞣、复鞣,使用适当的油脂进行加脂,可以得到达到使用要求的生物循环皮革。(The invention relates to a novel Ecotan leather tanning process, which is characterized in that tannin is extracted from plants to obtain plant tannin as a tanning agent; soaking the raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide; tanning the pickled leather by adding a tanning agent, water and other auxiliary agents to obtain a leather blank and leather product waste; the leather product waste is used as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tanning agent is derived from plant extracts, is environment-friendly and harmless; the produced product can meet the requirement of environmental protection, is free of metal and does not contain any hazardous substance; the leather waste can be used for producing organic fertilizer, so that the economic value is high; the raw material of the invention adopts raw hide, which belongs to waste produced in meat industry and has low cost; the raw hide is pre-tanned and retanned by vegetable tannin, and is fatliquored by proper grease, so that the biological cycle leather meeting the use requirement can be obtained.)

1. A novel Ecotan leather tanning process, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:

(1) extracting tannin from plant to obtain plant tannin as tanning agent;

(2) soaking raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide;

(3) adding the tanning agent obtained in the step (1), water and other auxiliary agents into the pickled leather obtained in the step (2) for tanning to obtain a leather blank and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

2. The novel Ecotan leather tanning process according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), trees capable of extracting tannin are ground to form wood chips, hot water is added for extraction, filtration is carried out, the obtained filtrate is concentrated, purified and filtered again, and the filtrate is spray-dried to obtain the tanning agent.

3. The new Ecotan leather tanning process according to claim 2, characterized in that said filtering is performed with 80-100 mesh sieve.

4. The Ecotan leather tanning process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the hide is added with cold water of 100-150% of the weight of the hide for soaking for 24 hours, then the liming agent of 3-5% of the weight of the hide is added for liming for 24 hours to form a gray skin, then the gray skin is sliced, and the deliming agent of 2-3% of the weight of the gray skin is added for deliming and softening for 20-30 minutes; adjusting pH of the solution to 2.6-3.2 with acid, and pickling for 4-8 hr.

5. The new Ecotan leather tanning process according to claim 4, characterized in that the liming liquor is an amine-free opener; the deliming agent is dibasic acid or tribasic acid; the acid is sulfuric acid or formic acid.

6. The new Ecotan leather tanning process according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (3), water and 10-15 wt% of the tanning agent of the pickled skin are added to the pickled skin for pretanning; then squeezing water, shaving evenly, returning water, neutralizing, and retanning and filling 20-40 wt% of tanning agent and 5-15 wt% of fatting agent to obtain the leather embryo and leather product waste.

7. The Ecotan leather tanning process as claimed in claim 1 or 6, wherein in step (3), cold water of 20-25 ℃ and 10% of salt are taken and put into a rotating drum to be mixed for 10-15 minutes, the mixture is mixed evenly to form brine, the acid skins with equal weight are added into the brine, and the rotation is carried out for 55-65 minutes; adding 15 wt% of the tanning agent, 0.5 wt% of the chelating agent and 2.0 wt% of the cationic fatliquor into the pickled Chinese cabbages, and rotating for 5-7 hours; heating the solution in the rotary drum to 37-39 ℃, adding the multifunctional auxiliary agent and water with the temperature of 37-39 ℃, rotating for 1-2 hours, building for one day, then squeezing water, evenly shaving, returning water, neutralizing, and finishing the pretanning.

8. The new Ecotan leather tanning process according to claim 7, characterized in that after pretanning, water at 35-36 ℃, degreasing agent and multifunctional auxiliary agent are added into the drum, and the drum is rotated for 35-45 minutes; adding neutralizing tannin, neutralizing, and rotating for 1-2 hr; then adding dispersed tannin, sulfited fish oil and 20-40 wt% of the tanning agent into the rotary drum, and rotating for 5-6 hours; adding water and formic acid at 43-48 ℃ for 1 hour; finally, fatting with a fatting agent, fixing with formic acid, and rotating for 2-3 hours to obtain a skin blank; after-finishing the skin blank to obtain a finished product; the fatting agent comprises lecithin fatting agent, amphoteric soft leather fatting agent and sulfited fish oil.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of leather processing, and particularly relates to a novel Ecotan leather tanning process.

Background

The main tanning means of the leather at the present stage is traditional chrome tanning, and part of the tanning is chrome-free tanning. The tanning agent used in the environment-friendly chrome-free tanning comprises zirconium, aluminum, aldehyde and the like, wherein the tanning agent contains metal and certain dangerous substances. In addition, some wastes in the later production stage are difficult to treat, even if the wastes are biodegraded, certain resources are wasted, the economic benefit is low, and the true recyclability is not achieved. Consumers today are increasingly concerned with harmless, durable, reusable products. Leather manufacturers are faced with the pressure from the environmental point of view not only on the demands of the customers, but also on the production. The traditional system in the leather industry faces the problems of chromium mud, heavy metal, waste and the like and is difficult to solve.

In view of this, this patent is filed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a novel Ecotan leather tanning process which has the characteristics of environmental protection, harmlessness and the like.

The ECOTAN tanning system takes plant tannin as raw materials to produce the leather which can be biologically recycled, does not contain any hazardous substance, and wastes or leather products can be used as the raw materials of organic fertilizers, so that the ECOTAN tanning system is harmless, environment-friendly, economical and efficient. The invention can well solve the problem of tanning and can also well treat the problems caused by production. The product is derived from plant extracts, and is environment-friendly and harmless; the produced product can meet the requirements, and is free of metal and any dangerous substances; the leather waste can be used for producing organic fertilizer, and the economic value is high.

The leather prepared by the invention meets the requirements of consumers, is harmless, pollution-free and can be repeatedly used; wastes generated in leather production and after leather use are used as organic fertilizer raw materials, so that the organic fertilizer has additional economic value and cannot cause pollution to the environment.

The invention aims to provide a novel Ecotan leather tanning process.

A novel Ecotan leather tanning process according to embodiments of the present invention, said process comprising the steps of:

(1) extracting tannin from plant to obtain plant tannin as tanning agent;

(2) soaking raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide;

(3) adding the tanning agent obtained in the step (1), water and other auxiliary agents into the pickled leather obtained in the step (2) for tanning to obtain a leather blank and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

According to the novel Ecotan leather tanning process provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the step (1), trees capable of extracting tannin are ground to form wood chips, hot water is added for extraction, the wood chips are filtered, the obtained filtrate is concentrated, purified and filtered again, and the filtrate is spray-dried to obtain the tanning agent. The tree capable of extracting tannin can be chestnut tree, quebracho, tara tree, etc. and trunk. The hot water extraction process: the microwave system is 800W for 600 seconds, the optimum pH value is 8.0, then the water is cooled for 40 seconds by normal temperature water, the mixture is extracted, concentrated and filtered until the tannin content is more than 60 percent, and then the concentrated mixture is put into a reaction kettle and is forcedly dried at 55 ℃ to obtain brown crystals. The resulting tanning agent is mixed with wood sulphate, which is not a tanning agent, primarily its dispersing action, the purer the content the better, to form a tanning agent for leather.

According to the novel Ecotan leather tanning process of the embodiment of the invention, furthermore, the filtration is carried out by adopting a sieve with 80-100 meshes.

The novel Ecotan leather tanning process according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, in the step (2), the hide is added with cold water in an amount of 100-150% by weight of the hide for soaking for 24 hours, then the liming agent in an amount of 3-5% by weight of the hide is added for liming for 24 hours to form a gray skin, then the gray skin is sliced, and the deliming agent in an amount of 2-3% by weight of the gray skin is added for deliming and softening for 20-30 minutes; adjusting pH of the solution to 2.6-3.2 with acid, and pickling for 4-8 hr.

According to the novel Ecotan leather tanning process of the embodiment of the invention, further, the liming solution is a non-amine-containing cracking agent; the deliming agent is dibasic acid or tribasic acid; the acid is sulfuric acid or formic acid.

The novel Ecotan leather tanning process according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, in the step (3), water and 10-15 wt% of the tanning agent to the acid leather are added for pretanning; then squeezing water, shaving evenly, returning water, neutralizing, and retanning and filling 20-40 wt% of tanning agent and 5-15 wt% of fatting agent to obtain the leather embryo and leather product waste.

The novel Ecotan leather tanning process according to the specific embodiment of the invention, wherein in the step (3), cold water with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and 10% of salt are put into a rotary drum to be mixed for 10-15 minutes, the mixture is uniformly mixed to form brine, the acid leather with the same weight is added into the brine, and the rotation is carried out for 55-65 minutes; adding 15 wt% of the tanning agent, 0.5 wt% of the chelating agent and 2.0 wt% of the cationic fatliquor into the pickled Chinese cabbages, and rotating for 5-7 hours; heating the solution in the rotary drum to 37-39 ℃, adding the multifunctional auxiliary agent and water with the temperature of 37-39 ℃, rotating for 1-2 hours, building for one day, then squeezing water, evenly shaving, returning water, neutralizing, and finishing the pretanning.

Preferably, the water returning and neutralizing specifically comprises the following steps: adding 35-36 deg.C water, degreasing agent and multifunctional adjuvant into the rotary drum, rotating for 35-45 min, adding neutral tannin, and mixing to obtain the final product.

According to the novel Ecotan leather tanning process of the specific embodiment of the invention, further, after pretanning, water with the temperature of 35-36 ℃, a degreasing agent and a multifunctional auxiliary agent are added into a rotary drum, and the rotary drum is rotated for 35-45 minutes; adding neutralizing tannin, neutralizing, and rotating for 1-2 hr; then adding dispersed tannin, sulfited fish oil and 20-40 wt% of the tanning agent into the rotary drum, and rotating for 5-6 hours; adding water and formic acid at 43-48 ℃ for 1 hour; and finally, greasing by using a greasing agent, fixing by using formic acid, and rotating for 2-3 hours to obtain the leather embryo. After-finishing the skin blank to obtain a finished product; the fatting agent comprises lecithin fatting agent, amphoteric soft leather fatting agent and sulfited fish oil.

Mature trees which can be extracted with tannin are felled, and seeds and stumps of the trees can grow again until the trees are mature. The tree trunk can be used as raw material to extract tannin. However, the felling of trees cooperates with local forestry departments to implement strict sustainable felling after authorization, that is, the felling amount corresponds to the growth amount of forest vegetation, so that the ecological environment is not damaged, and excessive felling is not caused.

Plant tannins are a class of astringent polyphenolic biomolecules extracted from trees from which tannins are extracted, capable of binding and precipitating proteins and various other organic compounds, including amino acids and alkaloids.

The sawdust is cut up and soaked in hot water to give out strong and astringent fragrance. Tannin is gradually released in the water. The process of extracting tannic acid is very similar to that of tea infusion, and the extract contains only substances belonging to plant materials and is of food grade. The extraction process does not use any chemicals. The wood residue left after tannin extraction can be used as raw material for producing electric energy and heat energy, and has no pollution.

The plant tannin is not only used in tanning industry, but also used in wine brewing, animal feed, pharmacy and the like, and is very safe and environment-friendly.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the tanning agent adopted by the invention is derived from plant extracts, is environment-friendly and harmless; the produced product can meet the requirement of environmental protection, is free of metal and does not contain any hazardous substance; the leather waste can be used for producing organic fertilizer, so that the economic value is high; the leather tanned by the Ecotan leather tanning technology can be used for various aspects of life, such as shoes, bags, summer sleeping mats and accessory products including children products, the wastes of the shoes and the bags can be used for producing organic fertilizers, and the wastes of the leather and terminal products are environment-friendly and pollution-free.

(2) The raw material of the invention adopts raw hide, which belongs to waste produced in meat industry and has low cost; the raw hide is pretanned and retanned by vegetable tannin, and is fatliquored by proper grease, so that Ecotan biological cycle leather meeting the use requirement can be obtained. The leather does not contain any toxic substances, and has other functions such as antibiosis and the like.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the novel Ecotan leather tanning process in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

In some more specific embodiments, the novel Ecotan leather tanning process comprises the steps of:

(1) extracting tannin from plant to obtain plant tannin as tanning agent;

(2) soaking raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide;

(3) adding the tanning agent obtained in the step (1), water and other auxiliary agents into the pickled leather obtained in the step (2) for tanning to obtain a leather blank and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

Grinding trees capable of extracting tannin to form wood chips, adding hot water for extraction, filtering, concentrating, purifying, filtering again, and spray drying the filtrate to obtain the tanning agent.

Specifically, in the step (3), cold water with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ and 10% of salt are taken and put into a rotary drum to be mixed for 10-15 minutes, the mixture is uniformly mixed to form salt water, the acid skin with the same weight is added into the salt water, and the rotation is carried out for 55-65 minutes; adding 15 wt% of the tanning agent, 0.5 wt% of the chelating agent and 2.0 wt% of the cationic fatliquor into the pickled Chinese cabbages, and rotating for 5-7 hours; heating the solution in the rotary drum to 37-39 ℃, adding the multifunctional auxiliary agent and water with the temperature of 37-39 ℃, rotating for 1-2 hours, building for one day, then squeezing water, evenly shaving, returning water and neutralizing to finish the pre-tanning; after pre-tanning, adding 35-36 ℃ water, degreasing agent and multifunctional auxiliary agent into the rotary drum, and rotating for 35-45 minutes; adding neutralizing tannin, neutralizing, and rotating for 1-2 hr; then adding dispersed tannin, sulfited fish oil and 20-40 wt% of the tanning agent into the rotary drum, and rotating for 5-6 hours; adding water and formic acid at 43-48 ℃ for 1 hour; and finally, greasing by using a greasing agent, fixing by using formic acid, and rotating for 2-3 hours to obtain the leather embryo. After-finishing the skin blank to obtain a finished product; the fatting agent comprises lecithin fatting agent, amphoteric soft leather fatting agent and sulfited fish oil.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples. However, the examples are chosen only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Example 1

This example provides a new Ecotan leather tanning process, comprising the steps of:

(1) extracting tannin from plant to obtain plant tannin as tanning agent;

(2) soaking raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide;

(3) adding 10-15 wt% of the tanning agent and water into the pickled skin obtained in the step (2) to pretanning; then squeezing water, shaving evenly, returning water, neutralizing, retanning and filling 20-40 wt% of tanning agent and 5-15 wt% of fatting agent of the pickled leather to obtain leather embryo and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

Example 2

This example provides a new Ecotan leather tanning process, comprising the steps of:

(1) grinding chestnut trees to form wood chips, adding hot water for extraction, filtering by adopting a 80-100-mesh sieve, concentrating and purifying obtained filtrate, filtering by adopting the 80-100-mesh sieve again, and performing spray drying on the filtrate to obtain the tanning agent;

(2) adding 1 time of cold water by weight into the hide for soaking for 24 hours, then adding an ashing agent accounting for 5% of the weight of the hide for liming for 24 hours to form a gray skin, then slicing the gray skin, and adding a deliming agent accounting for 2% of the weight of the gray skin for deliming and softening for 30 minutes; adjusting the pH value of the solution to 2.6 by using acid, and carrying out pickling for 8 hours to obtain pickled Chinese cabbage skin;

(3) adding 10 wt% of the tanning agent and water into the pickled skin obtained in the step (1) to pretanning; then squeezing water, shaving evenly, returning water, neutralizing, and retanning and filling 40 wt% of tanning agent and 15 wt% of fatting agent of the pickled leather to obtain leather blanks and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

Example 3

This example provides a new Ecotan leather tanning process, comprising the steps of:

(1) grinding quebracho into wood chips, adding hot water for extraction, filtering by adopting a 80-100-mesh sieve, concentrating the obtained filtrate until the tannin content is 65%, then purifying, filtering by adopting the 80-100-mesh sieve again, and performing spray drying on the filtrate to obtain brown crystals, mixing the brown crystals with wood sulfate, thus forming the tanning agent for leather;

(2) adding cold water accounting for 150% of the weight of the raw hide into the raw hide for soaking for 24 hours, then adding an ashing agent accounting for 3% of the weight of the raw hide for ashing for 24 hours to form ashed skin, then slicing the ashed skin, and adding a deliming agent accounting for 3% of the weight of the ashed skin for deliming and softening for 20 minutes; adjusting the pH value of the solution to 3.2 by using acid, and carrying out pickling for 4 hours to obtain pickled Chinese cabbage skin;

(3) putting cold water and 10% of salt into a rotary drum, mixing for 15 minutes, uniformly mixing to form salt water, adding the pickled Chinese cabbage skin with equal weight into the salt water, and rotating for 55 minutes; adding 15 wt% of the tanning agent, 0.5 wt% of chelating agent and 2.0 wt% of cationic fatliquor into the pickled Chinese cabbages, and rotating for 7 hours; heating the solution in the rotary drum to 37 ℃, adding the multifunctional auxiliary agent and water with the temperature of 39 ℃, rotating for 1 hour, building for one day, then squeezing water, uniformly shaving, returning water and neutralizing to finish the pre-tanning; preferably, the water returning and neutralizing specifically comprises the following steps: adding water with the temperature of 36 ℃, a degreasing agent and a multifunctional auxiliary agent into a rotary drum, rotating for 35 minutes, adding neutral tannin, mixing uniformly to finish pre-tanning, taking a tanning agent accounting for 40 wt% of the pickled skins after pre-tanning, adding dispersed tannin, modified vegetable tannin, sulfited fish oil and the tanning agent into the rotary drum, and rotating for 6 hours; adding 43-48 deg.C water and formic acid, lecithin fatting agent, amphoteric soft leather fatting agent, sulfited fish oil, and formic acid, rotating for 2 hr, and retanning and filling to obtain leather embryo and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

Example 4

This example provides a new Ecotan leather tanning process, which is:

(1) extracting tannin from tara pod to obtain tara tannin as tanning agent;

(2) soaking raw hide in water, liming, deliming, and pickling to obtain pickled hide;

(3) sequentially operating the pickled leather obtained in the step (2) according to the following table 1 to obtain a leather blank and leather product waste;

(4) and (4) using the leather product waste obtained in the step (3) as an organic fertilizer raw material for agriculture.

Table 1 tanning process of example 4

Comparative example 1

This comparative example differs from example 4 in that: retanning the leather by using tara tannin after traditional chrome tanning to obtain a leather blank.

The raw material of the invention adopts raw hide, which belongs to waste produced in meat industry and has low cost; the raw hide is pretanned and retanned by vegetable tannin, and is fatliquored by proper grease, so that Ecotan biological cycle leather meeting the use requirement can be obtained. The leather does not contain any toxic substances, and has other functions such as antibiosis and the like.

The leather obtained in examples 2 to 4 and comparative example 1 was subjected to the antibacterial test of the present invention, and the results were as follows:

comparative example 1 retanning the leather with tara tannin after chrome tanning, the antibacterial property of the obtained leather is 98%;

example 2 the leather is pretanned and retanned by using chestnut, and the antibacterial property of the obtained leather is 100%;

example 3 leather is pretanned and retanned with quebracho, and the antibacterial property of the obtained leather is 100%;

example 4 leather was pretanned and retanned with tara tannin and the resulting leather had 100% antimicrobial properties.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.