阅读说明：本技术 一种塔顶水珠分离结构 (Tower top water droplet separation structure ) 是由 车怡蕾 刘玉英 梁志超 雷风林 赵磊 张茹 赵雷江 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开的塔顶水珠分离结构包括锥段、水珠分离组件和凝液收集组件,水珠分离组件包括内筒、环形顶板、环形挡板和若干旋流板,内筒、环形顶板和环形挡板围成螺旋分离通道,若干旋流板沿螺旋分离通道的下部的周向间隔布设,内筒的下部与锥段的上部围成第一环形通道,第一环形通道位于螺旋分离通道的下侧,凝液收集组件包括外筒和凝液收集槽,凝液收集槽的底部安装有排液管,外筒与环形挡板围成底部与螺旋分离通道的底部相通的第二环形通道,第二环形通道的顶部和内筒的顶部分别敞开。本发明塔顶水珠分离结构的结构简单、造价低、运行安全可靠,能够有效降低烟气中水含量,改善外排烟气带水情况,从而改善塔顶“白烟”现象,具有广泛的应用前景。(The invention discloses a tower top water droplet separation structure which comprises a conical section, a water droplet separation component and a condensate collection component, wherein the water droplet separation component comprises an inner cylinder, an annular top plate, an annular baffle and a plurality of spiral flow plates, the inner cylinder, the annular top plate and the annular baffle enclose a spiral separation channel, the plurality of spiral flow plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower part of the spiral separation channel, a first annular channel is enclosed by the lower part of the inner cylinder and the upper part of the conical section and is positioned at the lower side of the spiral separation channel, the condensate collection component comprises an outer cylinder and a condensate collection tank, a liquid discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the condensate collection tank, the outer cylinder and the annular baffle enclose a second annular channel, the bottom of the second annular channel is communicated with the bottom of the spiral separation channel, and the top of the second annular channel and the top of the inner cylinder are respectively opened. The tower top water drop separation structure has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and safe and reliable operation, can effectively reduce the water content in the flue gas, and improves the condition that the discharged flue gas carries water, thereby improving the phenomenon of 'white smoke' at the tower top, and has wide application prospect.)

1. A tower top water drop separation structure is characterized by comprising a conical section, a water drop separation component and a condensate collection component, wherein the water drop separation component comprises an inner cylinder, an annular top plate, an annular baffle and a plurality of spiral flow plates, the annular baffle is arranged on the outer side of the inner cylinder, the annular top plate is connected and arranged between the inner cylinder and the annular baffle, a spiral separation channel with an opening at the bottom is defined by the inner cylinder, the annular top plate and the annular baffle, the plurality of spiral flow plates are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower part of the spiral separation channel, each spiral flow plate is inclined and connected and arranged between the inner cylinder and the annular baffle, the lower part of the inner cylinder is connected and arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the conical section, and the lower part of the inner cylinder and the upper part of the conical section define a first annular channel which is communicated up and down, the first annular channel is located the downside of spiral separation channel, the lime set collect the subassembly and include urceolus and lime set collecting vat that connect the setting from top to bottom, the lime set collecting vat be fixed in the outer wall on upper portion of conic section, the bottom of lime set collecting vat install the fluid-discharge tube, the urceolus connect and set up the outside of ring baffle, the urceolus with ring baffle enclose into the second annular channel that switches on from top to bottom, the bottom of second annular channel with spiral separation channel's bottom communicate with each other, the top of second annular channel with the top of inner tube open respectively.

2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the cone section is a cone with a small upper opening and a large lower opening, and the condensate collecting tank is a cone with a large upper opening and a small lower opening.

3. The tower top water droplet separation structure of claim 1, wherein each of the cyclone plates forms an angle of 60-70 degrees with the outer wall of the inner cylinder and an angle of 40-55 degrees with the horizontal plane.

4. The tower top water droplet separation structure as claimed in claim 3, wherein the distance between two adjacent cyclone plates in the circumferential direction of the outer wall of the inner cylinder is 1000-2000 mm.

5. The overhead water droplet separation structure of claim 1, wherein the height of the spiral separation channel is 1.5 to 2.0 times the inner diameter of the inner drum.

6. The structure of claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the inner cylinder is connected to the upper portion of the cone section via a plurality of first support plates, the plurality of first support plates being spaced circumferentially around the inner cylinder; the outer barrel is connected with the annular baffle through a plurality of second supporting plates, and the second supporting plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular baffle.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of equipment such as petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry, power plants and the like, in particular to a water drop separation structure on a tower top.

Background

In recent years, with the environmental problems becoming more and more prominent in the world, environmental governance is increasingly applied to various countries in the world. The denitration, dedusting and desulfurization of flue gas are being accepted and widely applied by more and more countries as effective measures for controlling the pollution of flue gas.

Because of mature technology and high desulfurization efficiency, wet flue gas desulfurization has become the most widely used flue gas desulfurization process. At present, more than 85% of domestic petrochemical plants and power plants adopt a wet desulphurization process, the temperature of the discharged flue gas is 45-55 ℃, the flue gas is directly discharged through a chimney and mixed with ambient air with lower temperature, water vapor in the flue gas is condensed into small liquid drops when meeting the condensation, and the wet flue gas is white or gray under the refraction or scattering action of light, namely, the so-called white smoke. In recent years, ultra-low emission standards such as flue gas desulfurization, denitration and dust removal are generally implemented in petrochemical plants and power plants, and main pollutants such as particulate matters and SO₂、NO_xThe emission is greatly reduced, and the haze is more serious than that before more than ten years. Some scholars believe that the appearance of haze is very strong in the high-humidity flue gas discharged after wet desulphurization and soluble particulate matters in the flue gas moisture.

The saturated water and the free water in the flue gas can be mutually converted at different temperatures and pressures, and the conversion of the free water into the saturated water is facilitated by increasing the temperature and reducing the pressure; otherwise, the saturated water is converted into free water. The discharged flue gas is divided into two parts, the temperature of the flue gas in the center is slightly higher, the part does not contain free water basically, the flue gas is discharged out of the tower, the flue gas at the periphery meets the inner wall of the metal tower with lower temperature, when the temperature is reduced to be below the dew point, the water vapor in the flue gas can be condensed, the water content in the flue gas is greatly increased, and the probability of generating white smoke is increased. Whether the 'white smoke' and the 'white smoke' trailing length appear at the tower outlet is not only related to the moisture content of the smoke and the temperature of the smoke, but also related to the temperature and the relative humidity of the atmosphere. Among the above influencing factors, the controllable factors are the absolute moisture content in the exhaust flue gas and the exhaust temperature of the flue gas. Therefore, the reduction and even elimination of the 'white smoke' phenomenon can be started from the aspects of controlling the water content of the smoke and increasing the smoke exhaust temperature. And controlling the temperature of the desulfurization part of the high-temperature flue gas to reduce the saturated water content in the flue gas. The free water is easier to remove than saturated water, and the structure is mainly used for removing the free water in the discharged flue gas and soluble particles in the water. However, most of the existing smoke exhaust structures such as the desulfurizing tower and the chimney adopt a direct exhaust type, the top of the smoke exhaust structures is directly opened, and the phenomenon of 'white smoke' on the top cannot be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tower top water drop separation structure which is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost and safe and reliable in operation aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a tower top water drop separation structure comprises a conical section, a water drop separation component and a condensate collection component, wherein the water drop separation component comprises an inner cylinder, an annular top plate, an annular baffle and a plurality of spiral flow plates, the annular baffle is arranged on the outer side of the inner cylinder, the annular top plate is connected and arranged between the inner cylinder and the annular baffle, the inner cylinder, the annular top plate and the annular baffle enclose a spiral separation channel with an opening at the bottom, the spiral flow plates are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower part of the spiral separation channel, each spiral flow plate is inclined and connected and arranged between the inner cylinder and the annular baffle, the lower part of the inner cylinder is connected and arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the conical section, the lower part of the inner cylinder and the upper part of the conical section enclose a first annular channel which is communicated up and down, and the first annular channel is positioned on the lower side of the spiral separation channel, the condensate collecting assembly comprises an outer barrel and a condensate collecting tank which are connected and arranged from top to bottom, the condensate collecting tank is fixed on the outer wall of the upper portion of the conical section, a liquid discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the condensate collecting tank, the outer barrel is connected and arranged on the outer side of the annular baffle, the outer barrel and the annular baffle enclose a second annular channel which is communicated from top to bottom, the bottom of the second annular channel is communicated with the bottom of the spiral separation channel, and the top of the second annular channel and the top of the inner barrel are respectively opened.

After the water drop separation structure at the tower top is installed, the conical section is fixed at the upper part of the inner wall of the tower top. In the use, when the flue gas reachd the top of the tower, the flue gas that is located the flue gas height slightly of center is outside the direct discharge tower of inner tube, be located peripheral flue gas behind first annular channel entering drop of water separable set, at first through a plurality of whirl boards, form the spiral air current in spiral separation channel for by moist dust and heavier free water filtration separation in the flue gas, the free water and the particulate matter that are separated out beat on the ring baffle, get into the condensate collecting vat after assembling, discharge through the fluid-discharge tube at last. The filtered flue gas is discharged out of the tower through the second annular channel.

The tower top water drop separation structure has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and safe and reliable operation, can effectively reduce the water content in the flue gas, and improves the condition that the discharged flue gas carries water, thereby improving the phenomenon of 'white smoke' at the tower top, and has wide application prospect. The invention can be applied to the top of a desulfurizing tower or the top of a tower and a chimney structure which are similar to those used for discharging flue gas outwards.

Preferably, the conical section is a conical cylinder with a small upper opening and a large lower opening, and the condensate collecting tank is a conical tank with a large upper opening and a small lower opening. The design of the conical section and the condensate collecting tank is favorable for accelerating the flow velocity of the flue gas and improving the flue gas emission and water drop separation efficiency.

Preferably, each rotational flow plate and the outer wall of the inner barrel form an included angle of 60-70 degrees, and form an included angle of 40-55 degrees with the horizontal plane. Within the above angular range, the resulting cyclone is most effective in removing free water and particulates.

Preferably, the circumferential distance between two adjacent spiral-flow plates on the outer wall of the inner barrel is 1000-2000 mm so as to ensure the spiral separation effect.

Preferably, the height of the spiral separation channel is 1.5-2.0 times of the inner diameter of the inner cylinder, so that the spiral separation effect on water in the flue gas is ensured.

Preferably, the lower part of the inner cylinder is connected with the upper part of the conical section through a plurality of first supporting plates which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder; the outer barrel is connected with the annular baffle through a plurality of second supporting plates, and the second supporting plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular baffle. The plurality of first support plates and the plurality of second support plates can increase the overall rigidity of the tower top water droplet separation structure.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the tower top water drop separation structure has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and safe and reliable operation, can effectively reduce the water content in the flue gas, and improves the condition that the discharged flue gas carries water, thereby improving the phenomenon of 'white smoke' at the tower top, and has wide application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water droplet separation structure at the top of a tower in the example;

fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.

The tower top water drop separation structure of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprises a conical section 1, a water drop separation assembly and a condensate collection assembly, wherein the water drop separation assembly comprises an inner cylinder 21, an annular top plate 22, an annular baffle 23 and a plurality of swirl plates 24, the annular baffle 23 is arranged at the outer side of the inner cylinder 21, the annular top plate 22 is connected and arranged between the inner cylinder 21 and the annular baffle 23, the inner cylinder 21, the annular top plate 22 and the annular baffle 23 enclose a spiral separation channel 25 with an opening at the bottom, the plurality of swirl plates 24 are circumferentially arranged along the lower part of the spiral separation channel 25 at intervals, each swirl plate 24 is inclined and connected and arranged between the inner cylinder 21 and the annular baffle 23, each swirl plate 24 can be arranged in a rectangle shape, a trapezoid shape or other shapes, the lower part of the inner cylinder 21 is connected and arranged at the inner side of the upper part of the conical section 1, the lower part of the inner cylinder 21 and the upper part of the conical section 1 enclose a first annular channel 11 which is communicated up and down, first annular channel 11 is located the downside of spiral separation channel 25, the outer tube 31 and the lime set collecting vat 32 that the subassembly was connected the setting from top to bottom including congealing the liquid collecting vat 32 welded fastening in the outer wall on the upper portion of conic section 1, the fluid-discharge tube 33 is installed to the bottom of congealing the liquid collecting vat 32, urceolus 31 is connected and is set up the outside at ring baffle 23, urceolus 31 and ring baffle 23 enclose into the second annular channel 34 that switches on from top to bottom, the bottom of second annular channel 34 communicates with each other with spiral separation channel 25's bottom, the top of second annular channel 34 and the top of inner tube 21 open respectively.

In this embodiment, the conical section 1 is a conical cylinder with a small upper opening and a large lower opening, and the condensate collecting tank 32 is a conical tank with a large upper opening and a small lower opening.

In this embodiment, every whirl plate 24 is 65 contained angles with the outer wall of inner tube 21, personally submits 45 contained angles with the horizontal plane, and two adjacent whirl plates 24 are 1000~2000mm in the ascending interval S of circumference of the outer wall of inner tube 21, and the height H of spiral separation passageway 25 is 1.5~2.0 times (the size is not actual proportion in the picture) of the internal diameter D of inner tube 21.

In this embodiment, the lower part of the inner cylinder 21 is connected with the upper part of the conical section 1 through a plurality of first supporting plates 41, and the plurality of first supporting plates 41 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner cylinder 21; the outer cylinder 31 is connected with the annular baffle 23 through a plurality of second supporting plates 42, and the plurality of second supporting plates 42 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular baffle 23.

After the water drop separation structure at the tower top is installed, the conical section 1 is welded and fixed at the upper part of the inner wall of the tower top. In the use, when the flue gas reachs the top of the tower, the flue gas that is located the flue gas height slightly of center is outside the direct discharge tower of inner tube 21, be located peripheral flue gas and get into behind the drop of water separable set through first annular channel 11, at first through a plurality of whirl boards 24, form the spiral air current in spiral separation channel 25, make in the flue gas by moist dust and the filtration separation of heavier free water, the free water and the particulate matter that are separated out beat on annular baffle 23, get into condensate collecting vat 32 after assembling, discharge through fluid-discharge tube 33 at last. The filtered flue gas is then discharged out of the column through a second annular channel 34.