阅读说明：本技术 一种粉尘云燃爆测试系统及测试方法 (Dust cloud blasting test system and test method ) 是由 刘雪岭 于 2021-06-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及粉尘云燃爆及安全技术领域,公开了一种粉尘云燃爆测试系统及测试方法,包括控制装置、喷粉系统、瞬态浓度与粒度耦合测试系统以及数据转换及分析系统,其特征在于,所述控制装置用于控制喷粉系统的开启时刻和持续时间,启动瞬态浓度与粒度耦合测试系统和数据转换及分析系统。本发明运用光全散射法的单波长法、双波长法、多波长法多种方法有机的结合,可快速便捷的获得粉尘浓度与粒径测量结果,它弥补了单一方法算法由于存在函数多元变量,而无法精确求解的缺点,且操作直观简便、控制精准,能同时完成瞬态粉尘云浓度和粒度随时间的变化规律测定、并得到两者的耦合关系,对工业云雾在线检测和军事应用研究具有很好的应用前景。(The invention relates to the technical field of dust cloud explosion and safety, and discloses a dust cloud explosion test system and a test method. The invention adopts the organic combination of multiple methods of a single wavelength method, a double wavelength method and a multi-wavelength method of a light total scattering method, can quickly and conveniently obtain the dust concentration and particle size measurement result, overcomes the defect that a single method algorithm cannot be accurately solved due to the existence of function multivariate variables, has intuitive, simple and convenient operation and accurate control, can simultaneously complete the measurement of the change rule of the concentration and the particle size of the transient dust cloud along with time and obtain the coupling relation of the concentration and the particle size of the transient dust cloud and the particle size, and has good application prospect for the on-line detection of industrial cloud and mist and the military application research.)

1. A dust cloud explosion test system and a test method comprise a control device, a powder spraying system, a transient concentration and granularity coupling test system and a data conversion and analysis system, and are characterized in that the control device is used for controlling the starting time and duration of the powder spraying system and starting the transient concentration and granularity coupling test system and the data conversion and analysis system;

the powder spraying system comprises a high-pressure air chamber, an electromagnetic valve, a one-way valve, a powder storage chamber, a dust nozzle, a dust conveying pipe section and a closed container, wherein the powder storage chamber is provided with a pre-installed powder inlet and is connected with the closed container through the dust conveying pipe section;

the transient concentration and granularity coupling test system comprises a laser emitting unit, an illumination detection unit, a signal conversion unit and a signal receiving and processing unit, wherein the conversion unit converts signals and then transmits the converted signals to the signal receiving and processing unit;

the data conversion and analysis system is completed by integrated programming by combining Delphi language, serial port real-time data processing technology and single wavelength method, dual wavelength method and multi-wavelength method particle size measurement theory of light total scattering method, and is used for calculating and analyzing the signals received by the signal receiving and processing unit and outputting dust concentration and particle size test results.

2. The dust cloud blasting test system and method according to claim 1, the control device comprises a control module, a display module, a touch module and a master start key, wherein the control module is provided with a switch instruction output port and a relay instruction output port, the display module, the touch module and the master start key are respectively connected with the control module, the instruction output by the relay instruction output port is used for controlling the opening of the electromagnetic valve, the command output of the switch command output port and the command output of the relay command output port have delay, the touch control module is used for setting the instruction triggering time and the instruction delay time of each output port of the control module, the display module is used for displaying the setting information, and after the setting is confirmed, the control module receives the instruction from the general starting key and starts to execute.

3. A method of implementing the test of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

s1, setting the control device: the control module is set through the touch module, wherein the control module comprises the instruction output duration of the relay instruction output port and the instruction output of the switch instruction output port;

s2, starting a one-way valve of the powder spraying system to enable the air pressure in the high-pressure air chamber to reach an experimental pressure value, and additionally installing test powder in the powder storage chamber;

s3, pressing a general start key of the control device; the control module sends out an instruction through an instruction output port of the relay, a solenoid valve of the powder spraying system is opened within the instruction output duration, gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is premixed with powder in the powder storage chamber, a gas-solid two-phase mixture is formed in a transient state, and the mixture is sprayed into the closed container through the nozzle to form suspended mist;

and S4, acquiring a time-dependent change curve of the concentration and the granularity of the transient dust cloud through a signal receiving and processing unit and a data recording and calculating analysis system in the transient cloud and particle size coupling test device.

4. The dust cloud blasting test system and method according to claim 1, wherein the formula for testing the estimated particle size by the single wavelength method is as follows:

the incident light intensity I can be known through Lambert-Beer law₀The relation between the intensity of emergent light I and the intensity of emergent light I is as follows:

the mass concentration C of the particles is carried out on the number N of the particles in the formula (1)_gShow, ready to use

Substituting into formula (2) to obtain

In the formula (3), K is 3L/2 rho, rho is the liquid density, and L is the optical path distance of the cloud area; k_e(λ, m, D) is approximated using an extinction efficiency factor;

in the closed container, the factors such as evaporation, loss, sedimentation and the like are not considered in the early stage of the completion of the spraying process, and the total concentration in the closed container is approximately equal to the mass concentration C actually sprayed into the constant volume environment_gThus, in equation (3), there is only one unknown number of average characteristic particle diameters D, I is obtained₀And I, obtaining the estimated particle size D;

therefore, the single-wavelength particle size estimation method can be practically applied, and the magnitude range of the average characteristic particle size D is preliminarily estimated.

5. The dust cloud blasting test system and method of claim 4, wherein the formula for the composite operation of particle size and concentration by the single-wavelength method and the dual-wavelength method is as follows:

the formula (3) can be expanded into a dual-wavelength combination formula:

the equations (4), (5) are ratioed and known:is finished to obtain

Wherein equation (6) is an oscillating multi-valued function,

since the single-wavelength method already obtains the estimated particle diameter D, the value closest to the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method can be obtained as a solution of the particle diameter D by the dual-wavelength method by comparing the multiple values in the formula (6) with the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method. Then the solution of the particle diameter D of the dual-wavelength method is substituted into the formula (4) or (5), and the mass concentration of the dual-wavelength method can be obtained

6. The dust cloud blasting test system and method according to claim 5, wherein the formula for the composite operation of particle size and concentration in the multi-wavelength test is as follows:

the three (multi) wavelength method mainly solves the problem of the particle size distribution function N (D) of the polydisperse particle system, and in the extinction method, the average extinction coefficient K of the polydisperse particle system is calculated according to the principle of equivalent extinction coefficient_e(λ_i，m，D_i) And the average characteristic diameter D is defined as:

known multiple wavelengths can constitute the following equation:

written in matrix form as

AC＝E (9)

In the formula

Wherein, each element of the matrix E is measurable, called as an extinction matrix E, and an extinction coefficient matrix A;

an optimization algorithm is used to establish the objective function for solving equation (9):

whereinIs theoretical value, E'_jA set w of minimum target OBF for measured values_iThe size distribution of the particle size is determined.

The function of particle size distribution can be solved by using a function-limited algorithm, also called a dependent mode algorithm, that is, the size distribution of the measured particle size is assumed to conform to the Roxin-Lameller Rosin-Rammler distribution:

in the formula: two parametersI.e. two constants to be determined, sinceInto formula (9)

One set can be found from theoryContinuously adjustChange C_iTo obtain the set of parameters for which the OBF is minimal

Is the optimum parameter sought, and the formula (11) derived therefrom is the particle size distribution function which the polydisperse particle system satisfies.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of dust cloud blasting and safety, in particular to a dust cloud blasting test system, a dust cloud blasting test method and a dust cloud blasting test method.

Background

Transient dust clouds serve as explosion energy in the national safety field, some combustible dust environments have explosion accident potential in industrial production, and the prediction of explosion parameters is related to the effective utilization of the dust clouds and the prevention of dust cloud explosion accidents. The concentration and particle size distribution of the dust cloud are the main influencing factors of the explosion parameters. In the field of national security, metal powder forms transient dust cloud through pulse drive to realize detonation; in industrial production, the deposited dust is suspended in a transient state due to the disturbance of a pilot wave in the accident of dust explosion, and then explosion occurs.

However, the distribution of the transient concentration and the particle size in time and space is nonlinear, the observation difficulty is high, and the application of the dust explosion energy and the prevention of dust explosion accidents cannot be accurately and effectively carried out.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a dust cloud blasting test system, a dust cloud blasting test method and a dust cloud blasting test method, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a dust cloud explosion test system and a test method comprise a control device, a powder spraying system, a transient concentration and granularity coupling test system and a data conversion and analysis system, wherein the control device is used for controlling the starting time and duration of the powder spraying system and starting the transient concentration and granularity coupling test system and the data conversion and analysis system;

the powder spraying system comprises a high-pressure air chamber, an electromagnetic valve, a one-way valve, a powder storage chamber, a dust nozzle, a dust conveying pipe section and a closed container, wherein the powder storage chamber is provided with a pre-installed powder inlet and is connected with the closed container through the dust conveying pipe section;

the transient concentration and granularity coupling test system comprises a laser emitting unit, an illumination detection unit, a signal conversion unit and a signal receiving and processing unit, wherein the conversion unit converts signals and then transmits the converted signals to the signal receiving and processing unit;

the data conversion and analysis system is completed by integrated programming by combining Delphi language, serial port real-time data processing technology and single wavelength method, dual wavelength method and multi-wavelength method particle size measurement theory of light total scattering method, and is used for calculating and analyzing the signals received by the signal receiving and processing unit and outputting dust concentration and particle size test results.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the control device comprises a control module, a display module, a touch module and a total start key, wherein the control module is provided with a switch instruction output port and a relay instruction output port, the display module, the touch module and the total start key are respectively connected with the control module, an instruction output by the relay instruction output port is used for controlling the opening of the electromagnetic valve, the instruction output of the switch instruction output port and the instruction output of the relay instruction output port have delay, the touch module is used for setting the instruction trigger time length and the instruction delay time of each output port of the control module, the display module is used for displaying set information, and after the setting is confirmed, the control module receives an instruction from the total start key and starts to execute.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the formula of the estimated particle size measured by the single wavelength method is as follows:

the incident light intensity I can be known through Lambert-Beer law₀The relation between the intensity of emergent light I and the intensity of emergent light I is as follows:

the mass concentration C of the particles is carried out on the number N of the particles in the formula (1)_gShow, ready to use

Substituting into formula (2) to obtain

In the formula (3), K is 3L/2 rho, rho is the liquid density, and L is the optical path distance of the cloud area; k_e(λ, m, D) is approximated using an extinction efficiency factor;

in the closed container, the factors such as evaporation, loss, sedimentation and the like are not considered in the early stage of the completion of the spraying process, and the total concentration in the closed container is approximately equal to the mass concentration C actually sprayed into the constant volume environment_gThus, in equation (3), there is only one unknown number of average characteristic particle diameters D, I is obtained₀And I, obtaining the estimated particle size D;

therefore, the single-wavelength particle size estimation method can be practically applied, and the magnitude range of the average characteristic particle size D is preliminarily estimated.

As a still further scheme of the invention: the formula of the composite operation of the particle size and the concentration tested by the single wavelength method and the double wavelength method is as follows:

the formula (3) can be expanded into a dual-wavelength combination formula:

the equations (4), (5) are ratioed and known:is finished to obtain

Wherein equation (6) is an oscillating multi-valued function,

since the single-wavelength method already obtains the estimated particle diameter D, the value closest to the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method can be obtained as a solution of the particle diameter D by the dual-wavelength method by comparing the multiple values in the formula (6) with the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method. Then the solution of the particle diameter D of the dual-wavelength method is substituted into the formula (4) or (5), and the mass concentration of the dual-wavelength method can be obtained

As a still further scheme of the invention: the formula of the composite operation of the particle size and the concentration tested by the multi-wavelength method is as follows:

the three (multi) wavelength method mainly solves the problem of the particle size distribution function N (D) of the polydisperse particle system, and in the extinction method, the average extinction coefficient K of the polydisperse particle system is calculated according to the principle of equivalent extinction coefficient_e(λ_i，m，D_i) And the average characteristic diameter D is defined as:

known multiple wavelengths can constitute the following equation:

written in matrix form as

AC＝E (9)

In the formula

Wherein, each element of the matrix E is measurable, called as an extinction matrix E, and an extinction coefficient matrix A;

an optimization algorithm is used to establish the objective function for solving equation (9):

wherein E_j ^cIs theoretical value, E'_jA set w of minimum target OBF for measured values_iThe size distribution of the particle size is determined.

The function of particle size distribution can be solved by using a function-limited algorithm, also called a dependent mode algorithm, that is, the size distribution of the measured particle size is assumed to conform to the Roxin-Lameller Rosin-Rammler distribution:

in the formula: two parametersI.e. two constants to be determined, sinceInto formula (9)

One set can be found from theoryContinuously adjustChange C_iTo obtain the set of parameters for which the OBF is minimal

Is the optimum parameter sought, and the formula (11) derived therefrom is the particle size distribution function which the polydisperse particle system satisfies.

A method of testing, comprising the steps of:

s1, setting the control device: the control module is set through the touch module, wherein the control module comprises the instruction output duration of the relay instruction output port and the instruction output of the switch instruction output port;

s2, starting a one-way valve of the powder spraying system to enable the air pressure in the high-pressure air chamber to reach an experimental pressure value, and additionally installing test powder in the powder storage chamber;

s3, pressing a general start key of the control device; the control module sends out an instruction through an instruction output port of the relay, a solenoid valve of the powder spraying system is opened within the instruction output duration, gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is premixed with powder in the powder storage chamber, a gas-solid two-phase mixture is formed in a transient state, and the mixture is sprayed into the closed container through the nozzle to form suspended mist;

and S4, acquiring a time-dependent change curve of the concentration and the granularity of the transient dust cloud through a signal receiving and processing unit and a data recording and calculating analysis system in the transient cloud and particle size coupling test device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention adopts the organic combination of multiple methods of a single wavelength method, a double wavelength method and a multi-wavelength method of a light total scattering method, can quickly and conveniently obtain the dust concentration and particle size measurement result, overcomes the defect that a single method algorithm cannot be accurately solved due to the existence of function multivariate variables, has intuitive, simple and convenient operation and accurate control, can simultaneously complete the measurement of the change rule of the concentration and the particle size of the transient dust cloud along with time and obtain the coupling relation of the concentration and the particle size of the transient dust cloud and the particle size, and has good application prospect for the on-line detection of industrial cloud and mist and the military application research.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a control relationship block diagram of a dust cloud explosion test system and method;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a dust cloud explosion test system and a test method.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1-2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a dust cloud explosion test system and a test method include a control device, a powder injection system, a transient concentration and particle size coupling test system, and a data conversion and analysis system, where the control device is configured to control a start time of an electromagnetic valve and a duration of the powder injection system, and start the transient concentration and particle size coupling test system and the data conversion and analysis system;

the system of dusting includes high-pressure air chamber, solenoid valve, check valve, powder storage room, dust shower nozzle, dust transport pipeline section and closed container, is equipped with the pre-installation powder entry on the powder storage room, and the powder storage room passes through the dust transport pipeline section with closed container and is connected, and closed container can divide into two kinds of selections: one is a symmetrical opaque closed container with a window body, the other is a full transparent closed container, a high-pressure air chamber, an electromagnetic valve, a one-way valve, a powder storage chamber and a dust nozzle are sequentially connected through a pipeline, wherein the dust nozzle is arranged in the closed container;

the transient concentration and granularity coupling test system comprises a laser emitting unit, an illumination detection unit, a signal conversion unit and a signal receiving and processing unit, wherein the conversion unit converts signals and then transmits the converted signals to the signal receiving and processing unit, the laser emitting unit and the illumination detection unit are arranged on two symmetrical sides of the outside of a closed container, the laser emitting unit and the illumination detection unit are formed by pairwise pairing of 3-6 groups, namely, a laser emitter is matched with the illumination detection unit, and a light path emitted by the laser emitter penetrates through the closed container; the illumination detection unit converts the relation value of the voltage signal and the light intensity signal into a digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion by the signal conversion unit and then transmits the digital signal to the signal receiving and processing unit;

the data conversion and analysis system is formed by combining Delphi language, a serial port real-time data processing technology and single-wavelength method, double-wavelength method and multi-wavelength method particle size measurement theories of a light total scattering method, is integrated with programming, achieves data sampling and processing response frequency up to 50hz, is used for calculating and analyzing signals received by the signal receiving and processing unit and outputting dust concentration and particle size test results, and accordingly obtains a dust concentration and particle size change curve graph along with time.

Preferably, the control device comprises a control module, a display module, a touch module and a master start key, the control module is provided with a switch instruction output port and a relay instruction output port, the display module, the touch module and the master start key are respectively connected with the control module, an instruction output by the relay instruction output port is used for controlling the opening of the electromagnetic valve, the instruction output of the switch instruction output port and the instruction output of the relay instruction output port have delay, the touch module is used for setting instruction trigger time and instruction delay time of each output port of the control module, the display module is used for displaying set information, and after the setting is confirmed, the control module receives the instruction from the master start key and starts to execute.

Preferably, the formula of the estimated particle size measured by the single wavelength method is as follows:

the incident light intensity I can be known through Lambert-Beer law₀The relation between the intensity of emergent light I and the intensity of emergent light I is as follows:

the mass concentration C of the particles is carried out on the number N of the particles in the formula (1)_gShow, ready to use

Substituting into formula (2) to obtain

In the formula (3), K is 3L/2 rho, rho is the liquid density, and L is the optical path distance of the cloud area; k_e(λ, m, D) is approximated using an extinction efficiency factor;

the conventional single wavelength method is that since only one incident light of a known wavelength λ is used to measure the particles, there are 2 unknowns in formula (3) -particle diameter D and mass concentration C_gBut cannot be solved, but under the condition of known total concentration of a constant volume environment, the single-wavelength method can be improved into a means for preliminarily estimating the average characteristic particle size;

in the closed container, the factors such as evaporation, loss, sedimentation and the like are not considered in the early stage of the completion of the spraying process, and the total concentration in the closed container is approximately equal to the mass concentration C actually sprayed into the constant volume environment_gThus, in equation (3), there is only one unknown number of average characteristic particle diameters D, I is obtained₀And I, obtaining the estimated particle size D;

therefore, the single-wavelength particle size estimation method can be practically applied, and the magnitude range of the average characteristic particle size D is preliminarily estimated.

Preferably, the formula of the composite operation of particle size and concentration measured by the single-wavelength method and the dual-wavelength method is as follows:

the formula (3) can be expanded into a dual-wavelength combination formula:

the equations (4), (5) are ratioed and known:is finished to obtain

Wherein equation (6) is an oscillating multi-valued function,

since the single-wavelength method already obtains the estimated particle diameter D, the value closest to the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method can be obtained as a solution of the particle diameter D by the dual-wavelength method by comparing the multiple values in the formula (6) with the estimated particle diameter D by the single-wavelength method. Then the solution of the particle diameter D of the dual-wavelength method is substituted into the formula (4) or (5), and the mass concentration of the dual-wavelength method can be obtained

Preferably, the formula of the composite operation of the particle size and the concentration measured by the multi-wavelength method is as follows:

the three (multi) wavelength method mainly solves the problem of the particle size distribution function N (D) of the polydisperse particle system, and in the extinction method, the average extinction coefficient K of the polydisperse particle system is calculated according to the principle of equivalent extinction coefficient_e(λ_i，m，D_i) And the average characteristic diameter D is defined as:

known multiple wavelengths can constitute the following equation:

written in matrix form as

AC＝E (9)

In the formula

Wherein, each element of the matrix E is measurable, called as an extinction matrix E, and an extinction coefficient matrix A;

an optimization algorithm is used to establish the objective function for solving equation (9):

wherein E_j ^cIs theoretical value, E'_jA set w of minimum target OBF for measured values_iThe size distribution of the particle size is determined.

The function for solving the particle size distribution can be a function-limited Algorithm (Dependent Model Algorithm), also called Dependent mode Algorithm, that is, the size distribution of the measured particle sizes is assumed to conform to the Roxin-Lame Rosin-Rammler (R-R) distribution:

in the formula: two parametersI.e. two constants to be determined, sinceInto formula (9)

One set can be found from theoryContinuously adjustChange C_iTo obtain the set of parameters for which the OBF is minimal

Is the optimum parameter sought, and the formula (11) derived therefrom is the particle size distribution function which the polydisperse particle system satisfies.

A method of testing, comprising the steps of:

s1, setting the control device: the control module is set through the touch module, wherein the control module comprises the instruction output duration of the relay instruction output port and the instruction output of the switch instruction output port;

s2, starting a one-way valve of the powder spraying system to enable the air pressure in the high-pressure air chamber to reach an experimental pressure value, and additionally installing test powder in the powder storage chamber;

s3, pressing a general start key of the control device; the control module sends out an instruction through an instruction output port of the relay, a solenoid valve of the powder spraying system is opened within the instruction output duration, gas in the high-pressure gas chamber is premixed with powder in the powder storage chamber, a gas-solid two-phase mixture is formed in a transient state, and the mixture is sprayed into the closed container through the nozzle to form suspended mist;

and S4, acquiring a time-dependent change curve of the concentration and the granularity of the transient dust cloud through a signal receiving and processing unit and a data recording and calculating analysis system in the transient cloud and particle size coupling test device.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equally replaced or changed within the scope of the present invention.