阅读说明：本技术 一种皮江法还原罐间歇式连续化冶炼结晶镁的方法及装置 (Method and device for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium in Pidgeon reduction tank ) 是由 孙院军 李金阳 柏小丹 丁向东 曾毅 孙军 孙博宇 宋坤朋 于 2021-09-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种皮江法还原罐间歇式连续化冶炼结晶镁方法及装置,包括：利用电子阀使料仓中的原料分批间歇进行反应,进料置换仓和还原罐内抽真空；料仓中原料球团进入螺旋送料器,被推送至还原罐的反应区；原料球团氧化镁被硅置换形成镁蒸气,镁蒸气进入结晶区形成结晶镁,被收集；反应区反应废料被连续进入的原料球团推动移至过渡区,进入置换仓,废料经过冷却落入渣仓,被移出。通过添加自动进料装置、自动出料装置,设置真空罐过渡区,实现了横罐炼镁工艺的间歇式连续化,提高了镁冶金效率,进而降低能耗、降低成本、消除污染、改善环境,提高了还原罐寿命。(The invention discloses a method and a device for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon reduction tank, which comprises the following steps: the raw materials in the storage bin are intermittently reacted in batches by using an electronic valve, and the feeding replacement bin and the reduction tank are vacuumized; the raw material balls in the storage bin enter a spiral feeder and are pushed to a reaction area of a reduction tank; magnesium oxide of the raw material pellets is replaced by silicon to form magnesium vapor, and the magnesium vapor enters a crystallization area to form crystallized magnesium and is collected; reaction waste materials in the reaction zone are pushed by raw material pellets which continuously enter and move to the transition zone, enter the replacement bin, and are cooled to fall into the slag bin and are moved out. Through adding automatic feed device, automatic discharging device, set up the vacuum tank transition zone, realized the intermittent type formula serialization of horizontal jar smelting magnesium technology, improved magnesium metallurgical efficiency, and then reduce energy consumption, reduce cost, eliminate pollution, improve the environment, improved reduction tank life-span.)

1. A method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by a Pidgeon reduction tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:

loading raw material pellets into a storage bin, and vacuumizing a feeding replacement bin and a reduction tank;

raw material pellets in the storage bin enter a spiral feeder from a feeding replacement bin, and the raw material pellets are pushed to a reaction area of a reduction tank;

under high temperature and vacuum, the magnesium oxide of the raw material pellet is replaced by silicon to form magnesium vapor, and the magnesium vapor enters a crystallization area to form crystallized magnesium and is collected;

reaction waste materials in the reaction zone are pushed by raw material pellets which continuously enter and move to the transition zone, enter the replacement bin, and are cooled to fall into the slag bin and are moved out.

2. The method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 1, wherein the raw material pellets are loaded in batches into a storage bin and loaded intermittently in batches according to a waste removal period.

3. The method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 1, wherein the feeding replacement bin and the reduction tank are vacuumized to-0.1 MPa.

4. The method for smelting and crystallizing magnesium by the batch continuous process of the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the reaction zone is 1100-1250 ℃.

5. The method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 1, wherein the cooling temperature of the replacement bin is 80-120 ℃.

6. The intermittent continuous magnesium-smelting and crystallizing device of the Pidgeon reduction tank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising a continuous feeding mechanism, a reaction mechanism and a continuous discharging mechanism, wherein the continuous feeding mechanism, the reaction mechanism and the continuous discharging mechanism are sequentially connected;

the reaction mechanism comprises a furnace body and a reduction tank body, wherein the reduction tank body comprises a reaction zone, a transition zone and a crystallization zone;

the continuous feeding mechanism comprises a storage bin, a feeding replacement bin and a spiral feeder; the spiral feeder is connected with the reaction zone, and the spiral feeder and the reduction tank body share a vacuum cavity;

the continuous discharging mechanism comprises a discharging replacement bin and a slag bin, and the discharging replacement bin is connected with the transition area.

7. The pidgeon reduction tank intermittent continuous smelting magnesium crystallization device according to claim 6, wherein the stock bin is connected with the feeding replacement bin, and the feeding replacement bin is connected with the screw feeder; the screw feeder is rotated by a connection motor.

8. The device for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 6, wherein a cooling pipe is arranged outside the discharging and replacing bin.

9. The pidgeon reduction tank intermittent continuous smelting magnesium crystallization device according to claim 6, wherein electronic valves are arranged between the stock bin and the feeding replacement bin and between the replacement bin and the screw feeder; and electronic valves are arranged between the transition zone and the discharge replacement bin and between the discharge replacement bin and the slag bin.

10. The device for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by the Pidgeon reduction tank according to claim 6, wherein vacuum valves are arranged on the feeding replacement bin and the crystallization area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a magnesium metallurgy process, in particular to a method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon reduction tank.

Background

The method for smelting metal magnesium mainly comprises a thermal reduction method and an electrolytic method. The electrolytic process is gradually replaced by the thermal reduction process after 90 s in the 20 th century due to higher cost, and the most important method in the thermal reduction magnesium-smelting process is the Pidgeon process. The Pidgeon process is a magnesium smelting process which is low in production cost and wide in application in the world at present. The simple process of smelting magnesium by Pidgeon process comprises the steps of dolomite calcination, raw material preparation, reduction, refining and the like, and the core process is reduction. In view of the problems in magnesium smelting by Pidgeon process, various researches are carried out at home and abroad. In order to facilitate continuous charging, on the basis of the same principle, a plurality of vertical reduction furnace processes appear in China, wherein the processes comprise the steps of charging from top to bottom and discharging slag from top to bottom. In patent CN97101258.X, a plurality of reduction chambers are arranged in a vertical furnace from top to bottom, a plurality of heating chambers are distributed outside the reduction furnace wall to ensure heating efficiency, and sealed bins are added at the top and the bottom of the vertical reduction furnace to ensure vacuum environment during charging and discharging to realize continuous charging and discharging; patent CN201521048702.3 realizes semi-continuous ejection of compact and reinforced through external feed bin, with the passage feeding to and add bottom ejection of compact sealed storehouse. However, the vertical Pidgeon reduction furnace has high investment, and pellets in the furnace are seriously pulverized, so that the continuity, smoothness and the like of feeding and discharging are greatly influenced, and therefore, the application of the vertical furnace is very limited.

The existing traditional Pidgeon process technology uses a plurality of groups of single closed reduction tank bodies, and the materials are unloaded, reloaded, vacuumized and heated after each reaction. The smelting of the magnesium is realized by repeating the steps.

The pidgeon process of the transverse tank has the following main problems:

1. the energy consumption is high, about 4.5 tce/tMg;

2. the reduction pot has short service life, about 3 months;

3. the mechanization degree is low, and continuous operation cannot be realized;

4. the labor is large, the labor intensity is high, the production environment is poor, and the efficiency is low.

The fundamental problem of the above-mentioned problems is that the pidgeon magnesium smelting process can not be implemented continuously, so that its efficiency is low, energy consumption is high and environment is poor. Therefore, the Pidgeon process is fundamentally improved to realize the continuity of feeding and discharging. Although some enterprises attempt to use a vertical reduction furnace. However, the material balls are fragile during charging, the reaction degree of the material balls is incomplete during deslagging, and the continuous charging and discharging does not really and effectively shorten the reaction time, which is a defect in the continuity of the charging and discharging of the vertical Pidgeon furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an intermittent continuous method for a reduction tank for Pidgeon magnesium metallurgy, which combines the problems and the defects of a horizontal furnace, realizes intermittent continuous of a horizontal magnesium smelting process by adding an automatic feeding device and an automatic discharging device, saves charging and discharging time, improves the magnesium metallurgy efficiency, further reduces energy consumption, reduces cost, eliminates pollution and improves environment,

the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention provides a method for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium in a Pidgeon reduction tank, which comprises the following steps:

loading raw material pellets into a storage bin, and vacuumizing a feeding replacement bin and a reduction tank;

raw material pellets in the storage bin enter a spiral feeder from a feeding replacement bin, and the raw material pellets are pushed to a reaction area of a reduction tank;

under high temperature and vacuum, the magnesium oxide of the raw material pellet is replaced by silicon to form magnesium vapor, and the magnesium vapor enters a crystallization area to form crystallized magnesium and is collected;

reaction waste materials in the reaction zone are pushed by raw material pellets which continuously enter and move to the transition zone, enter the replacement bin, and are cooled to fall into the slag bin and are moved out.

With respect to the above technical solutions, the present invention has a further preferable solution:

preferably, the raw pellets are loaded in the silo in batches, and intermittently loaded in batches according to the crystalline magnesium collection and waste removal cycle.

Preferably, the feeding replacement bin and the reduction tank are vacuumized to-0.1 MPa.

Preferably, the reaction zone temperature is from 1100 ℃ to 1250 ℃.

Preferably, the cooling temperature of the discharge replacement bin is 80-120 ℃.

On the other hand, the invention provides a device for intermittently and continuously smelting crystallized magnesium by a Pidgeon reduction tank, which is adopted by the method and comprises a continuous feeding mechanism, a reaction mechanism and a continuous discharging mechanism, wherein the continuous feeding mechanism, the reaction mechanism and the continuous discharging mechanism are sequentially connected;

the reaction mechanism comprises a furnace body and a reduction tank body, wherein the reduction tank body comprises a reaction zone, a transition zone and a crystallization zone;

the continuous feeding mechanism comprises a storage bin, a feeding replacement bin and a spiral feeder; the spiral feeder is connected with the reaction zone, and the spiral feeder and the reduction tank body share a vacuum cavity;

the continuous discharging mechanism comprises a discharging replacement bin and a slag bin, and the discharging replacement bin is connected with the transition area.

Preferably, the storage bin is connected with the feeding replacement bin, and the feeding replacement bin is connected with the screw feeder; the screw feeder is rotated by a connection motor.

Preferably, the discharge replacement bin is externally provided with a cooling pipe.

Preferably, electronic valves are arranged between the stock bin and the feeding replacement bin and between the replacement bin and the screw feeder; and electronic valves are arranged between the transition zone and the discharge replacement bin and between the discharge replacement bin and the slag bin.

Preferably, vacuum valves are arranged on the feeding replacement bin and the crystallization area.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the vacuum reduction tank body is still in the furnace, the feeding and discharging devices are respectively connected with the left side and the right side of the reduction tank and are positioned outside the heating furnace body, so that the characteristics of an original device are greatly reserved by a modification mode of additionally adding parts, and the modification cost of the device is reduced.

2) The furnace body is provided with a vacuum tank transition area between a vacuum tank reaction area and a crystallization area, and a discharge replacement bin and a slag bin are connected below the vacuum tank transition area; the intermediate deslagging mode does not influence the feeding and heating of the raw materials in the reaction zone of the reduction tank, does not influence the continuous cooling and crystallization of magnesium steam in the crystallization zone, and realizes the continuous formation of crystallized magnesium products by the magnesium steam in the crystallization zone while continuously feeding and discharging the materials.

3) The screw feeder is always in the same vacuum environment with the reduction tank, continuous feeding is realized by continuous falling of the storage bin and continuous feeding pushing of the screw feeder to the material balls, and feeding of new materials can push old materials into a transition area of the reduction tank for discharging.

4) Avoids the material performance damage and destruction caused by the alternation of temperature and vacuum degree during the loading and unloading and reaction of the traditional Pidgeon reduction tank, and prolongs the service life of the reduction tank.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a horizontal tank continuous magnesium production device.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a storage bin, 2, a first electronic valve, 3, a first vacuum valve, 4, a feeding replacement bin, 5, a second electronic valve, 6, a motor, 7, a spiral feeder, 8, a furnace body, 9, a reaction zone, 10, a transition zone, 11, a crystallization zone, 12, a second vacuum valve, 13, a third electronic valve, 14, a cooling pipe, 15, a discharging replacement bin, 16, a fourth electronic valve, 17 and a slag bin.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention without limiting the invention thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intermittent continuous device for a reduction tank for pidgeon magnesium metallurgy, in the device of the present invention, the device is divided into three parts, and the left part is a continuous feeding functional area, including: the device comprises a storage bin 1, a first electronic valve, a second electronic valve 2, a second electronic valve 5, a first vacuum valve 3, a feeding replacement bin 4, a motor 6 and a spiral feeder 7; the middle part is a reaction functional area, comprising: a furnace body 8, a reduction tank body (comprising a reaction zone 9, a transition zone 10 and a crystallization zone 11) and a second vacuum valve 12; the lower right side part is a continuous discharging functional area and comprises: third and fourth electronic valves 13 and 16, a cooling pipe 14 and a discharge replacement bin 15. The reduction tank body reaction zone 9 is arranged in the furnace body 8, the transition zone 10 and the crystallization zone 11 are arranged at the rear part of the furnace body 8, the front part of the reaction zone 9 is connected with the spiral feeder 7, the feed bin 1 is arranged above the spiral feeder 7, the feed bin 1 is connected with the spiral feeder 7 through the feeding replacement bin 4, and the spiral feeder 7 is driven to rotate through the motor 6; a replacement bin 15 is connected below the transition zone 10, a cooling pipe 14 is arranged outside the replacement bin 15, and the bottom of the replacement bin 15 is connected with a slag bin 17.

A first electronic valve 2 is arranged between the stock bin 1 and the feeding replacement bin 4, a second electronic valve 5 is arranged between the replacement bin 4 and the spiral feeder 7, a third electronic valve 13 is arranged between the transition zone 10 and the discharging replacement bin 15, and a fourth electronic valve 16 is arranged between the discharging replacement bin 15 and the slag bin 17; the feeding replacement bin 4 is provided with a first vacuum valve 3, and the crystallization area 11 is provided with a second vacuum valve 12.

The discharge replacement bin 15 is used for separating vacuum and non-vacuum spaces, so that the vacuum environment of the screw feeder 7 and the reduction tank body (comprising the reaction zone 9, the transition zone 10 and the crystallization zone 11) is not influenced by the outside.

The process steps of the invention are as follows:

1) vacuum charging: firstly, closing the second electronic valve 5, opening the first electronic valve 2, and allowing the raw material pellets in the storage bin 1 to enter the feeding replacement bin 4 under the action of gravity; when the loading amount of the pellets in the feeding replacement bin reaches 60-90% (reasonably regulated and controlled in the range according to the feeding and discharging speed), closing the first electronic valve 2; then, a vacuum system is started, and the vacuum degree in the feeding replacement bin 4 and the reduction tank 8 (comprising the reaction zone 9, the transition zone 10 and the crystallization zone 11) is pumped to-0.1 Mpa by controlling the first vacuum valve 3 and the second vacuum valve 12 respectively.

2) Spiral feeding and heating: and opening the second electronic valve 5, feeding the raw material pellets in the feeding replacement bin 4 into the spiral feeder 7, starting the motor 6 to rotate the spiral feeder 7, feeding the raw material pellets into the reaction zone 9 under the pushing action of the spiral feeder 7, and setting the temperature of the reaction zone at 1100-1250 ℃.

3) Reaction: under the conditions of high temperature and vacuum, the inside of the raw material pellets (calcined dolomite, ferrosilicon and fluorite pressed pellets) is subjected to a displacement reaction, magnesium oxide is displaced by silicon to form magnesium vapor, and the magnesium vapor enters a crystallization area 11 to be crystallized to form a crystallized magnesium product.

4) Continuous reaction and waste discharge: the waste material discharging pipe is a vertical pipe (a first electronic valve 13, a second electronic valve 16 and a discharging replacement bin 15, the distance between the two electronic valves of the vertical pipe is about 500-1000 mm, the storage requirement of a single batch of waste materials is met, a cooling pipe 14 is arranged on the outer side of the vertical pipe and used for cooling the waste materials in the vertical pipe, and the cooling temperature of the discharging replacement bin 15 is 80-120 ℃.

The waste material is originally in the reaction zone 9, when the next batch of raw material enters through the screw feeder 7, the waste material is pushed by the new raw material and is gradually moved to the transition zone 10, at the moment, the second electronic valve 16 is closed, the first electronic valve 13 is opened, the waste material immediately falls into the discharging replacement bin 15, when the temperature is reduced to below 150 ℃ through the cooling pipe 14, the first electronic valve 13 is closed, the second electronic valve 16 is opened, the waste material immediately falls into the slag bin 17, and therefore the intermittent continuous process of the reduction tank for Pidgeon magnesium metallurgy is completed.

The screw feeder 7 is always in a vacuum environment, shares a vacuum system with the reduction tank, realizes continuous feeding by continuous falling of the storage bin 1 and continuous feeding pushing of the screw feeder 7 to the material balls, and can push old materials into a transition area 10 of the reduction tank for discharging by feeding of new materials.

The method of the invention adopts the feeding system with the replacement bin and the screw feeder, and can realize intermittent automatic feeding on the premise of ensuring that the reduction tank maintains the vacuum reaction condition, namely, the automatic feeding of the next batch of raw material balls is continuously fed after the reaction of one batch of raw material balls is finished, thereby solving the problem of manual batch feeding of the traditional Pidgeon method, improving the production efficiency and saving the labor cost; in addition, the spiral feeder is adopted on the transverse tank, so that the pushing force can be transmitted to the waste material while feeding and feeding, and the waste material is pushed to reach a transition area (discharging position); in addition, the continuous discharging area is arranged in the transition area in the middle of the transverse reduction tank, so that the transverse space of the transverse reduction tank is fully utilized, the left side is used for feeding, the middle is used for discharging, and the right side is used for crystallizing magnesium products, the design defects of feeding on one side, discharging on the other side and crystallization of the transverse reduction tank in the traditional Pidgeon method are overcome, and conditions are created for continuous crystallization and magnesium production in the crystallization area.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and based on the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some technical features without creative efforts according to the disclosed technical contents, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.