阅读说明：本技术 一种金属粉装填于发射药的等离子体发生器 (Plasma generator with metal powder filled in propellant powder ) 是由 张江波 赵树森 梁泰鑫 肖飞 刘威 肖忠良 刘幼平 于 2021-08-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种金属粉装填于发射药的等离子体发生器,其特征在于,包括电极杆、螺母压片、负极螺堵、毛细管、发射药柱、金属粉、金属丝；采用金属粉与发射药柱复合的结构方式,通过对发射药柱的配方组成、外径、内孔直径、长度的调整,能够实现金属丝电爆炸时对发射药的高效烧蚀助燃作用；采用毛细管内壁涂覆含能物质的结构方式,通过对涂覆物质的材料选择,涂覆层厚度的调整,能够对等离子体有效点火物质及点火压力的调控；采用金属粉装填于发射药柱的结构方式,通过对金属粉材质、粒径的优选,能够较好的控制电爆炸的强度及产生的颗粒数量。本发明解决了等离子体发生器的多参数精确调控、等离子体点火的控制和效率问题。(The invention discloses a plasma generator with metal powder filled in propellant powder, which is characterized by comprising an electrode rod, a nut pressing sheet, a negative plug, a capillary tube, a propellant powder column, metal powder and a metal wire; by adopting a structural mode of compounding metal powder and the propellant charge, the efficient ablation combustion-supporting effect on the propellant charge during the metal wire electric explosion can be realized by adjusting the formula composition, the outer diameter, the inner hole diameter and the length of the propellant charge; the structure mode that the inner wall of the capillary tube is coated with the energetic substance is adopted, and the effective ignition substance and the ignition pressure of the plasma can be regulated and controlled by selecting the material of the coating substance and adjusting the thickness of the coating layer; adopt the metal powder to fill in the structural style of propellant powder post, through the preferred to metal powder material, particle diameter, intensity and the granule quantity that produces that can be better control electric explosion. The invention solves the problems of multi-parameter accurate regulation and control of the plasma generator, and control and efficiency of plasma ignition.)

1. A plasma generator with metal powder filled in propellant powder is characterized by comprising an electrode rod (1), a nut pressing sheet (2), a negative plug (3), a capillary tube (4), a propellant powder column (5), metal powder (6) and a metal wire (7);

the electrode rod (1) is of a structure with a disc in the middle, an external thread is arranged on the rod at the left end of the disc and is used for being connected with a nut pressing sheet (2), a propellant charge (5) is fixed on the rod at the right end of the disc, and a capillary tube (4) is tightly pressed at the left end of the disc;

the nut pressing sheet (2) is used for fastening the electrode rod (1) and is connected with the left end of the electrode rod (1) through threads;

the negative plug (3) is of a cylindrical structure, a small hole is formed in the center of the left end of the negative plug and is used for being nested with the capillary tube (4), and the capillary tube (4) is arranged in the cylinder and is tightly matched with the outer wall of the capillary tube (4);

the capillary tube (4) is of a variable-diameter cylindrical structure, is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, is nested in the negative plug (3), is thin at the left end and is used for fixing the electrode rod (1), and the inner wall of the right end is coated with an energetic substance;

the propellant charge column (5) is of a single-hole round tubular structure, is made of energy-containing substances of single-base propellant charge, double-base propellant charge or multiple-base propellant charge, and is provided with a round through hole (8) in the center, the left end of the propellant charge column is fixed at the right end of the electrode rod (1) through bonding, the right end of the propellant charge column is blocked by a blocking piece, metal powder (6) is filled in the round through hole (8), one end of a metal wire (7) is embedded in the metal powder (6), and the other end of the metal wire is connected with the negative plug (3);

the metal powder (6) is conductive metal particles with a certain diameter, is filled in a circular through hole (8) of the propellant charge column (5), one end of the metal powder is connected with the right end of the electrode rod (1), and the other end of the metal powder is connected with the metal wire (7);

the metal wire (7) is a thin wire made of a certain material and having a certain diameter, one end of the metal wire is embedded in the metal powder (6), and the other end of the metal wire is connected with the negative plug (3).

2. The plasma generator of claim 1, further comprising a capillary tube (4) of a variable diameter cylindrical structure made of polytetrafluoroethylene and having a wall thickness of 5mm, a left end inner dimension of Φ 8mm x 50mm and a right end inner dimension of Φ 30mm x 160mm, the capillary tube being nested in the cathode plug (3), the left end being used for fixing the electrode rod (1), the inner wall of the right end of the capillary tube (4) being coated with an energetic nitrocotton substance, the coating being from 0.1mm to 5mm in thickness.

3. The plasma generator filled with propellant powder according to claim 1, further comprising metal powder (6) made of copper, aluminum and conductive metal particles with a diameter of phi 0.00001mm to phi 1mm, filled in the circular through hole (8) of the propellant charge column (5), one end of the metal powder being connected to the right end of the electrode rod (1) and the other end being connected to the metal wire (7).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of plasmas, in particular to a plasma generator, which has a composite structure of propellant powder and metal wires, can greatly enhance the density of plasmas and ignition effective substances and can be directly used for powder ignition.

Background

The plasma is an atomic group of an ionized gas substance composed of atoms from which part of electrons are deprived, positive and negative ions generated after ionization, and a macroscopic electrically neutral ionized gas with a dimension larger than the debye length, the movement of which is mainly governed by electromagnetic force, and exhibits remarkable collective behavior. The plasma is divided into high-temperature thermal plasma and low-temperature cold plasma according to different temperatures, and is divided into high-density plasma and low-density plasma according to different densities, the structure and the action mechanism of a plasma generator are different according to different application objects, and a capillary discharge plasma generator is commonly used in an electrothermal chemical gun to generate the low-density plasma so as to ignite the plasma of the propellant powder. The structure of the capillary discharge plasma enables the directional constraint of the plasma to be strong, and a certain plasma state substance can be generated by ablating the capillary, but the following problems exist when the capillary discharge plasma is applied to ignition of propellant powder: (1) the density of the plasma is low, the effective ignition substance is less, and the propellant cannot be ignited quickly and uniformly; (2) only the metal wire is adopted to ablate the capillary, the ablation capacity is small, and more ignition substances cannot be obtained; (3) the capillary material is composed of non-energetic materials, and can be ablated only by large energy, and the quantity of materials generated by ablation is small, so that the ignition efficiency of the plasma generator is low, and the regulation is difficult. However, different ignition conditions are required under different propellant and charge conditions, and ideal plasma ignition conditions cannot be achieved by the prior art. In order to realize uniform and reliable ignition of propellant powder and charge, parameters of the plasma must be accurately regulated, so that obtaining a generator capable of carrying out multi-parameter regulation on the plasma is very important.

From the technical data searched at present, a plasma generator which has a composite structure that metal powder is filled in propellant powder and greatly enhances effective ignition substances of plasma is not available.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a plasma generator with metal powder filled in propellant powder, and particularly relates to a plasma generator with a capillary tube coated with energy-containing substances, wherein the metal powder is filled in a circular tube-shaped propellant powder, one end of the metal powder is connected with a metal wire, and high voltage is applied to the metal wire for discharging, so that the propellant powder is ablated and burnt by electrical explosion of the metal powder, the inner wall of the capillary tube is ablated, the energy-containing substances can be burnt to release a large amount of heat and particles under the ablation condition, the blasted propellant powder is burnt to obtain a certain speed, and a large amount of effective ignition substances are generated, so that the ignition effect of plasma can be greatly enhanced, and a plurality of parameters of the plasma can be accurately regulated and controlled.

In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical solution:

a plasma generator with metal powder filled in propellant powder is characterized by comprising an electrode rod, a nut pressing sheet, a negative plug, a capillary tube, a propellant powder column, metal powder and a metal wire;

the electrode rod is of a structure with a disc in the middle, an external thread is arranged on the rod at the left end of the disc and is used for being connected with a nut pressing sheet, a propellant powder column and a metal wire are fixed on the rod at the right end of the disc, and a capillary is tightly pressed at the left end of the disc;

the nut pressing sheet is used for fastening the electrode rod and is connected with the left end of the electrode rod through threads;

the negative plug is of a cylindrical structure, a small hole is formed in the center of the left end of the negative plug and used for being nested with a capillary tube, and the capillary tube is placed in the cylinder and is tightly matched with the outer wall of the capillary tube;

the capillary tube is of a variable-diameter cylindrical structure, is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, is nested in the negative plug, is thin at the left end and is used for fixing the electrode rod, and the inner wall of the right end is coated with an energetic substance;

the propellant charge is of a single-hole round tubular structure, is made of single-base propellant, double-base propellant or energetic substances of the multiple-base propellant, is provided with a round through hole in the center, the left end of the propellant charge is fixed at the right end of the electrode rod through bonding, the right end of the propellant charge is blocked by adopting a blocking piece, metal powder is filled in the round through hole, one end of a metal wire is embedded in the metal powder, and the other end of the metal wire is connected with a negative screw plug;

the metal powder is conductive metal particles with a certain diameter, and is filled in a circular through hole of the propellant charge column, one end of the metal powder is connected with the right end of the electrode rod, and the other end of the metal powder is connected with the metal wire;

the metal wire is a thin wire made of a certain material and having a certain diameter, one end of the metal wire is embedded in metal powder, and the other end of the metal wire is connected with the negative plug;

the plasma generator is obtained by sequentially assembling the above components, and the metal powder is filled in the propellant powder.

Compared with the prior art, the metal powder filled plasma generator of the propellant powder has the following beneficial effects:

(1) by adopting a structural mode of compounding metal powder and the propellant charge, and adjusting the formula composition, the outer diameter, the inner hole diameter and the length of the propellant charge, the efficient ablation combustion-supporting effect on the propellant charge during metal powder electric explosion can be realized, the effective ignition substances of the plasma can be greatly improved, and the efficient regulation and control on the plasma ignition effect can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the plasma ignition device can realize the adjustment of plasma ignition substances and ignition pressure, and can ignite propellant powder and charge more efficiently.

(2) The structure mode that the inner wall of the capillary tube is coated with the energy-containing substance is adopted, the amount of the ablation substance can be further increased by selecting the material of the coating substance and adjusting the thickness of the coating layer, and the effective ignition substance and the ignition pressure of the plasma can be regulated and controlled. Compared with the prior art, the utilization rate of the capillary tube can be greatly increased, and the accurate regulation and control of plasma ignition are further increased through the regulation and control of the capillary tube structure.

(3) Adopt the metal powder to load in the structural style of propellant powder post, through the preferred to metal powder material, particle diameter, intensity and the granule quantity that produces of control electric explosion that can be better carry out the large tracts of land ablation to propellant powder post and capillary inner wall, play and burn with combustion-supporting effect to the high-efficient ablation of propellant powder post, the electric explosion makes the propellant powder post break, can accelerate the blowout speed of piece, further improves plasma's ignition effect. Compared with the prior art, the initial strength of the plasma can be better adjusted, and the ignition quality of the ablated energetic substance is better, so that the ignition of the plasma is further accurately regulated and controlled, and the efficient ignition of the propellant powder and the charged powder of different types can be guaranteed.

Therefore, the invention solves the problems of multi-parameter accurate regulation and control of the plasma generator, and control and efficiency of plasma ignition.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the plasma generator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments given by the inventor.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the preferred structure of the plasma generator with the propellant powder filled with metal powder in this embodiment includes an electrode rod 1, a nut pressing sheet 2, a negative plug 3, a capillary tube 4, a propellant powder column 5, metal powder 6, and a metal wire 7;

the electrode rod 1 is of a structure with a disc in the middle, the material is No. 45 steel, the size of the disc is phi 20mm multiplied by 5mm, the size of the rod at the left end of the disc is phi 8mm multiplied by 100mm, the outer side end face is provided with external threads for being connected with the nut pressing sheet 2, the size of the rod at the right end of the disc is phi 8mm multiplied by 50mm, the right end of the disc is fixed with the propellant charge column 5, and the left end of the disc compresses the capillary 4;

the nut pressing sheet 2 is used for fastening the electrode rod 1, is made of 45-grade steel and is connected with the left end of the electrode rod 1 through threads;

the negative electrode plug 3 is of a cylindrical structure and made of No. 45 steel, the inner dimension of the negative electrode plug is phi 30mm multiplied by 160mm, the wall thickness of the negative electrode plug is 5mm, a small hole is formed in the center of the left end of the negative electrode plug, the inner diameter of the hole is phi 14mm, and the capillary tube 4 is nested with the inner wall of the negative electrode plug 3 through tight fit;

the capillary tube 4 is of a variable-diameter cylindrical structure, is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, has a wall thickness of 5mm, has the internal size of phi 8mm multiplied by 50mm at the left end and the internal size of phi 30mm multiplied by 160mm at the right end, is nested in the negative plug 3, is used for fixing the electrode rod 1 at the left end, and is coated with a nitrocotton energetic substance on the inner wall of the right end of the capillary tube 4, and the thickness of a coating layer is about 1 mm;

the propellant charge column 5 is of a single-hole round tubular structure, is made of a double-base propellant charge, has the size of phi 12mm multiplied by 60mm, is provided with a round through hole 8 in the center, has the size of phi 8mm multiplied by 60mm, is fixed at the left end to the right end of the electrode rod 1 through bonding, is blocked at the right end by adopting a blocking piece, is filled with metal powder 6 in the round through hole 8, one end of a metal wire 7 is embedded in the metal powder 6, and the other end is connected with the negative screw plug 3;

the metal powder 6 is copper particles with the diameter phi of 0.01mm, is filled in a circular through hole 8 of the propellant charge column 5, one end of the metal powder is connected with the right end of the electrode rod 1, and the other end of the metal powder is connected with the metal wire 7;

the metal wire 7 is made of copper, the size is phi 0.30mm multiplied by 100mm, one end of the metal wire is embedded in the metal powder 6, and the other end of the metal wire is connected with the negative plug 3;

the metal powder is obtained by sequentially assembling the components and is filled in the plasma generator 11 of the propellant powder, and the plasma and ignition substances can be further accurately regulated and controlled by regulating the coating substance and coating layer thickness of the inner wall of the capillary 4, the formula composition, the outer diameter, the inner hole diameter and the length of the propellant powder column 5 and the material and particle diameter of the metal powder 6, so that the plasma can efficiently ignite the propellant powder and the propellant powder.

As shown in fig. 3, a plasma generator 11 in which metal powder is filled in propellant powder is connected to the left end of a sealed exploder body 13 through a screw, propellant powder 14 is filled in the sealed exploder body 13, the right end is sealed by a plug 12, the positive electrode of the generator is connected to the positive electrode of a high-power pulse power supply 9 through a lead 16, and the negative electrode of the generator is connected to the negative electrode of the high-power pulse power supply 9 through a lead 10.

The high-power pulse power supply 9 is charged, after a preset voltage value is reached, discharge is carried out, the metal powder 6 is electrically exploded under the action of high voltage to generate a large number of particles, the inner walls of the propellant charge 5 and the capillary 4 are ablated and ignited to generate a large number of high-voltage plasma mixed gas, the high-voltage plasma mixed gas is sprayed out from the right end of the capillary 4 to ignite the propellant charge 14, and therefore the whole propellant charge is ignited.