阅读说明：本技术 一种深孔直径误差检测装置及其检测方法 (Deep hole diameter error detection device and detection method thereof ) 是由 蔡云松 王鹏伟 唐静 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种深孔直径误差检测装置及其检测方法。该装置包括检测球,检测球与拉绳的一端连接,拉绳的另一端与牵引组件连接,控制系统监测牵引组件的牵引力。该检测方法：将被检测工件固定,保证被检测工件的检测孔与地面平行；将检测球塞入检测孔,并推送至零位；启动牵引组件,通过牵引组件拉动拉绳,使检测球沿检测孔长度方向匀速运动；通过控制系统记录牵引组件,得到检测钢球在内孔不同位置时的牵引力；通过牵引力的变化情况,可得到检测孔直径误差沿长度方向的分布情况。本发明的有益效果：测量内孔深度不受限制；对任意值内孔直径的分布误差均可测量；测量设备占地空间小,使用方便；可以根据检测内孔材质调整检测球的材质,适应性强。(The invention discloses a deep hole diameter error detection device and a detection method thereof. The device comprises a detection ball, wherein the detection ball is connected with one end of a pull rope, the other end of the pull rope is connected with a traction assembly, and a control system monitors the traction force of the traction assembly. The detection method comprises the following steps: fixing the workpiece to be detected, and ensuring that a detection hole of the workpiece to be detected is parallel to the ground; plugging a detection ball into the detection hole and pushing the detection ball to a zero position; starting the traction assembly, and pulling the pull rope through the traction assembly to enable the detection ball to move at a constant speed along the length direction of the detection hole; recording the traction assembly through a control system to obtain the traction force of the detection steel ball at different positions of the inner hole; the distribution of the diameter error of the detection hole along the length direction can be obtained through the variation of the traction force. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the depth of the inner hole is not limited; the distribution error of the inner hole diameter with any value can be measured; the measuring equipment occupies small space and is convenient to use; the material of detecting the ball can be adjusted according to the material of detecting the hole, strong adaptability.)

1. The utility model provides a deep hole diameter error detection device, includes detection ball (3), its characterized in that: the detection ball (3) is connected with one end of the pull rope (4), the other end of the pull rope (4) is connected with the traction assembly, and the control system (8) monitors the traction force of the traction assembly.

2. The deep hole diameter error detection device of claim 1, characterized in that: the detection ball (3) is a steel ball or a rubber ball.

3. The deep hole diameter error detection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the pull rope (4) is a steel wire rope.

4. The deep hole diameter error detection device of claim 1, characterized in that: the pull rope (4) is wound around the fixed pulley (5).

5. The deep hole diameter error detection device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the traction assembly comprises a transmission motor (7), an output shaft of the transmission motor (7) is connected with the pull rope winding drum (6), the other end of the pull rope (4) is wound and connected on the pull rope winding drum (6), and the transmission motor (7) is electrically connected with the control system (8).

6. The deep hole diameter error detection device of claim 5, wherein: the transmission motor (7) is provided with an encoder and a torque sensor which are both electrically connected with the control system (8).

7. The deep hole diameter error detection device of claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a fixed seat (2), wherein a workpiece horizontal placing structure is arranged on the fixed seat (2).

8. The deep hole diameter error detection device of claim 7, wherein: the fixing seat (2) comprises two fixing seats which are respectively arranged in front and back.

9. The deep hole diameter error detection device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the fixing seat (2) is arranged on the fixing support (9).

10. A method for detecting a deep hole diameter error detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that:

step 1: fixing the detected workpiece (1) to ensure that a detection hole of the detected workpiece (1) is parallel to the ground;

step 2: plugging the detection ball (3) into the detection hole and pushing to a zero position;

and step 3: starting the traction assembly, and pulling the pull rope (4) through the traction assembly to enable the detection ball (3) to move at a constant speed along the length direction of the detection hole;

and 4, step 4: because the detection ball is arranged at different positions of the detection hole, the traction force generated when the pull rope (4) moves can be changed due to different interference magnitude generated by size error, and the traction force of the detection ball at different positions of the inner hole can be obtained by recording the traction assembly through the control system (8);

and 5: the distribution of the diameter error of the detection hole along the length direction can be obtained through the variation of the traction force.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a detection device, and particularly relates to a deep hole diameter error detection device and a detection method thereof.

Background

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in mechanical products, there are often parts with blind holes or through holes or parts with inner holes formed by several parts, and how to detect the error distribution of the inner hole diameter along the length direction after machining or assembling is a technical difficulty in the mechanical detection process.

The traditional detection method generally realizes the size detection of parts and components by measuring the aperture at different depth positions through a megger, but the method has the defects of strong randomness of the measurement position and limited measurement depth. Due to the limitations of the measuring capability and the using method of the megger, the inner diameter measurement cannot be realized after the hole depth exceeds 300mm, particularly for a deep hole with the hole diameter below 50 mm.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the invention provides a deep hole diameter error detection device and a detection method thereof, and solves the problem that the existing deep hole diameter detection is difficult. Through placing the detection ball in the detection hole, at the in-process that the pulling detected the ball, through the change condition of traction force, alright learn the error distribution condition of aperture along length direction, be convenient for the follow-up restoration and the use to the hole of technical staff.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a deep hole diameter error detection device, is connected with the one end of stay cord including detecting the ball, detects the ball, and the other end and the subassembly that pulls of stay cord are connected, and control system monitors the traction force that pulls the subassembly. Draw the stay cord through drawing the subassembly and draw, the stay cord is used in on detecting the ball, realizes detecting the slip of ball in the detection hole, simultaneously through control system control traction assembly's traction force, through the traction force of different positions departments, judges the error condition of this department diameter.

Furthermore, the detection ball is a steel ball or a rubber ball. Similarly, the detection ball can be adjusted to be a ball body made of other materials according to requirements.

Furthermore, the pull rope is a steel wire rope. Similarly, the pull rope can be adjusted to be a rope made of other materials according to requirements.

Furthermore, the pull rope bypasses the fixed pulley, and the fixed pulley turns the pull rope, so that one end, deep into the inner hole, of the pull rope is kept horizontal, and then the pull rope is transited to the traction assembly through the fixed pulley. Similarly, the pull rope can be directly connected to the traction assembly by adopting other steering modes as long as the level of the pull rope is ensured.

Furthermore, the traction assembly comprises a transmission motor, an output shaft of the transmission motor is connected with the pull rope winding drum, the other end of the pull rope is wound on the pull rope winding drum, and the transmission motor is electrically connected with the control system. Likewise, the pulling assembly may employ other devices or means capable of pulling and pulling the pull cord.

Furthermore, the transmission motor is provided with an encoder and a torque sensor, and the encoder and the torque sensor are both electrically connected with the control system.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a fixed seat, and a workpiece horizontal placing structure is arranged on the fixed seat.

Further, the fixing seat comprises two fixing seats which are respectively arranged in front and at the back.

Furthermore, the fixing seat is arranged on the fixing support.

A detection method of the deep hole diameter error detection device comprises the following steps:

step 1: fixing the workpiece to be detected, and ensuring that a detection hole of the workpiece to be detected is parallel to the ground;

step 2: plugging a detection ball into the detection hole and pushing the detection ball to a zero position;

and step 3: starting the traction assembly, and pulling the pull rope through the traction assembly to enable the detection ball to move at a constant speed along the length direction of the detection hole;

and 4, step 4: because the detection ball is arranged at different positions of the detection hole, the traction force generated by the movement of the pull rope can be changed due to different magnitude of interference generated by size errors, and the traction assembly is recorded by the control system to obtain the traction force of the detection ball at different positions of the inner hole;

and 5: the distribution of the diameter error of the detection hole along the length direction can be obtained through the variation of the traction force.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the existing method for measuring the diameter of the inner hole is a megger, and the use mode of the megger determines that the method cannot measure a deep hole with the hole depth of more than 300 mm.

(2) The inner hole diameter range which can be measured by the rocking meter is more than 20mm and less than 50mm, but the device provided by the invention can measure the distribution error of the inner hole diameter with any value along the length direction.

(3) The main body of the device is a pull rope reel, the measuring equipment occupies small space, is convenient to use, and not only can realize off-line detection of parts, but also can realize on-line detection.

(4) The material of the detection ball can be adjusted according to the material of the detection inner hole, and if the material of the detection inner hole is detected, a rubber ball is used when an aluminum hole, a copper hole, a magnesium hole or a plastic hole is detected, so that the device has strong adaptability to the material of a detection object compared with a megger.

The main scheme and the further selection schemes can be freely combined to form a plurality of schemes which are all adopted and claimed by the invention; in the invention, the selection (each non-conflict selection) and other selections can be freely combined. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a shaft part with a through hole in it.

Fig. 2 shows the parts assembled with through holes.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece to be inspected in embodiment 1.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of the variation of the motor torque when the detection ball is at different positions in the embodiment 1.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of traction force of the test ball in different positions according to example 1.

FIG. 7 is a distribution diagram of the diameter of the inner hole along the length direction in example 1.

In the figure: 1-a workpiece to be detected; 2-a fixed seat; 3-detection ball; 4-pulling a rope; 5-fixed pulley; 6-rope pulling reel; 7-a transmission motor; 8-a control system; and 9, fixing the bracket.

Detailed Description

The following non-limiting examples serve to illustrate the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a deep hole diameter error detection device includes a fixed seat 2, a detection ball 3, a pull rope 4, a fixed pulley 5, a pull rope reel 6, a transmission motor 7, a control system 8 and a fixed support 9.

The detection ball 3 is a steel ball or a rubber ball, and the material of the detection ball is selected according to the material of the detected workpiece 1. The detection ball is used for being plugged into a detection hole (namely an inner hole) of a detected workpiece and is in direct contact with the inner wall of the detection hole, and because the interference magnitude generated by the size errors of the detection hole at different positions is different, the friction force of the inner wall of the detection hole on the detection ball is also different, and the traction force generated when the pull rope 4 moves can also be changed.

The stay cord is wire rope, and detection ball 3 is connected with the one end of stay cord 4, and the other end and the traction assembly of stay cord 4 are connected. The pull rope is pulled through the traction assembly, and the pull rope provides traction force for the sliding of the detection ball. The middle part of the pull rope 4 is wound around the fixed pulley 5, and the fixed pulley turns to the pull rope and simultaneously ensures that the pulling force of the pull rope is unchanged.

The traction assembly comprises a stay cord reel 6 and a transmission motor 7, the other end of the stay cord 4 is wound and connected on the stay cord reel 6, an output shaft of the transmission motor 7 is connected with the stay cord reel 6, and the transmission motor 7 is electrically connected with a control system 8. The control system controls the start and stop of the transmission motor, and the transmission motor drives the pull rope winding drum to rotate, so that the winding and the unwinding of the pull rope are realized.

And the transmission motor 7 is provided with an encoder and a torque sensor which are both electrically connected with the control system 8. The rotary position is detected through the encoder, so that the winding and unwinding length of the pull rope is judged, and the position of the detection ball in the detection hole is obtained. The torque sensor detects the rotation torque of the transmission motor, so that the traction force is judged.

The fixed support 9 is provided with a fixed seat 2, and the fixed seat 2 is provided with a workpiece horizontal placing structure for realizing horizontal placing of a detected workpiece and ensuring the level of a detection hole on the workpiece. The fixing seat 2 comprises two fixing seats which are respectively arranged in the front and back direction, so that the two ends of the detected workpiece are supported, and the stable placement of the detected workpiece is guaranteed.

A detection method of the deep hole diameter error detection device comprises the following steps:

step 1: the workpiece 1 to be detected is placed on the fixed support 9, the workpiece to be detected is fixed through the fixed seat 2, and the detection hole of the workpiece 1 to be detected is ensured to be parallel to the ground;

step 2: plugging the detection ball 3 into the detection hole, pushing the detection ball to a zero position, and generally selecting a far end as a measurement zero position;

and step 3: starting a control system, driving a pull rope winding drum through a transmission motor, and pulling a pull rope to enable the detection ball 3 to move at a constant speed along the length direction of the detection hole;

and 4, step 4: because the detection ball is arranged at different positions of the detection hole, the traction force generated by the movement of the pull rope 4 can also change due to different interference magnitude generated by size error, the rotating speed and the torque of the transmission motor are recorded by the control system 8, the variation of the motor torque is obtained when different positions are obtained, the motor torque is converted into the traction force of the pull rope, and the traction force of the detection ball at different positions of the inner hole can be obtained by recording time;

and 5: the distribution condition of the diameter error of the detection hole along the length direction can be obtained through the variation condition of the traction force (through under-line test data, the traction force required by the movement of the detection ball under different interference magnitudes can be obtained).

Example 1:

referring to fig. 4, a combined deep-hole component is taken as an example, the combined hole diameter is nominally 30mm, the hole depth is 3m, and the diameter error of the combined hole diameter along the length direction is ± 1%.

Although the diameter measuring capability of the prior megger can measure the diameter of an inner hole with the diameter of 30mm, the measuring range of 300mm of the rocker arm is already exceeded by a long through hole with the length of 3m, so that the error distribution of the diameter of the inner hole along the length direction can be measured only by the measuring device provided by the invention.

Step 1: taking the combined part in the figure 4 as a detected workpiece 1, placing the detected workpiece 1 on a fixed support 9, and fixing the detected workpiece through a fixed seat 2 to ensure that a detection hole of the detected workpiece 1 is parallel to the ground;

step 2: taking an aluminum round ball with the diameter of 30.4mm as a detection ball, enabling the diameter of the detection ball to be slightly larger than that of the inner hole, putting the detection ball into the inner hole of the detected workpiece 1, and pushing the detection ball to an inner hole measuring zero position away from the far end of the steel wire winding drum;

and step 3: a control system 8 is arranged, so that the transmission motor 7 rotates at a constant speed to pull the steel wire rope, and the detection steel ball moves outwards from the inner hole measurement zero position at the speed of 100 mm/s;

and 4, step 4: recording the torque change of the motor at different moments through an encoder and a torque detector which are arranged on a transmission motor as shown in figure 5, converting the torque into the traction of a steel wire rope, and detecting the traction of the steel ball at different positions in the inner hole at different moments as shown in figure 6;

and 5: the test balls were obtained according to the offline test, and the traction forces when passing through standard 29.85mm, 29.90mm, 29.95mm, 30mm, 30.05mm, 30.1mm, 30.15mm holes are shown in table 1 below:

TABLE 1 testing drawing force calibration chart for steel ball passing through different standard apertures

Standard aperture mm	29.85	29.9	29.95	30	30.05	30.1	30.15
								Required tractive effort N	320.75	260.83	220.79	198.36	180.47	155.74	120.18

Comparing the standard value with the traction force, the traction force required for passing a 30.4mm aluminum ball through a 30mm standard hole is 198.36N, and the error distribution of the hole along the length direction is obtained and shown in FIG. 7.

The foregoing basic embodiments of the invention and their various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are contemplated and claimed herein. In the scheme of the invention, each selection example can be combined with any other basic example and selection example at will.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.