阅读说明：本技术 一种显微镜 (Microscope ) 是由 李帅 何伟 于 2020-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种显微镜,包括：电子光学镜筒,用于发射扫描电子束；样品台,用于放置样品；靶材,可移动的设置于所述电子光学镜筒和所述样品台之间；驱动机构,所述驱动机构驱动所述靶材在第一位置和第二位置移动,所述第一位置为所述电子束作用于所述样品上的位置,所述第二位置为所述电子束作用于所述靶材上产生X射线照射于所述样品上的位置。本发明样品通过一次安装,完成扫描电子显微镜对样品的探测和纳米X射线显微镜对样品的探测的双功能探测。(The invention discloses a microscope, comprising: an electron optical column for emitting a scanning electron beam; the sample table is used for placing a sample; the target is movably arranged between the electron optical lens barrel and the sample stage; the driving mechanism drives the target to move at a first position and a second position, the first position is a position where the electron beam acts on the sample, and the second position is a position where the electron beam acts on the target to generate X-rays which are irradiated on the sample. The sample is installed once, and the dual-function detection of the sample by the scanning electron microscope and the detection of the sample by the nano X-ray microscope is completed.)

1. A microscope, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:

an electron optical column for emitting a scanning electron beam;

the sample table is used for placing a sample;

the target is movably arranged between the electron optical lens barrel and the sample stage;

the driving mechanism drives the target to move at a first position and a second position, the first position is a position where the electron beam acts on the sample, and the second position is a position where the electron beam acts on the target to generate X-rays which are irradiated on the sample.

2. A microscope as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the first deflection device is arranged between the electron optical lens barrel and the target and used for changing the motion direction of the electron beam before the electron beam enters the target.

3. A microscope as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: the target material mounting device comprises a mounting seat, wherein at least one mounting position is arranged on the mounting seat, and each mounting position is used for mounting different target materials.

4. A microscope as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that: the first deflection device is connected with the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected with the driving mechanism.

5. A microscope as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that: the mounting seat is provided with a cooling pipeline for cooling the target material.

6. A microscope as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: an X-ray detector is arranged below the sample table.

7. A microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that: the lower end of the electronic optical lens barrel is connected with a vacuum chamber, the sample stage is located in the vacuum chamber, and the sample stage is arranged below the electronic optical lens barrel.

8. The microscope of claim 7, wherein: the vacuum chamber is provided with a vacuum window corresponding to the lower part of the sample table.

9. The microscope of claim 8, wherein: and an X-ray detector is arranged below the vacuum window.

10. The microscope of claim 7, wherein: the sample table is connected with the vacuum chamber through a lifting mechanism and used for driving the sample table to move up and down in the vacuum chamber.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and particularly relates to a microscope.

Background

The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) utilizes a focused electron beam to scan a sample, various physical information is excited through the interaction of the electron beam and the sample, and the information is collected, amplified and re-imaged to achieve the purpose of representing the microscopic morphology of a substance.

The Nano X-ray microscope (Nano-CT) scans a certain thickness of a sample with X-ray beams, receives the X-rays transmitted through the layer by a detector, converts the X-rays into visible light, converts the visible light into electrical signals by photoelectric conversion, and processes the electrical signals by a computer to form a three-dimensional CT image. The CT image can embody the geometric information and the structural information of the sample, and the like. The former includes the size, volume and space coordinates of each point of the sample, and the latter includes material science information such as attenuation value, density and porosity of the sample.

In the prior art, when the same sample needs a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and a Nano X-ray microscope (Nano-CT) for detection, the sample needs to be placed in the SEM for detection and then placed in the Nano X-ray microscope for detection, the detection efficiency in the process is low, and the sample is mounted on a corresponding sample stage for multiple times and is easy to damage.

The present invention has been made in view of this situation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a microscope, wherein a sample is installed at one time to finish the detection of the sample by a scanning electron microscope and the dual-function detection of the sample by a nano X-ray microscope.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a microscope, comprising:

an electron optical column for emitting a scanning electron beam;

the sample table is used for placing a sample;

the target is movably arranged between the electron optical lens barrel and the sample stage;

the driving mechanism drives the target to move at a first position and a second position, the first position is a position where the electron beam acts on the sample, and the second position is a position where the electron beam acts on the target to generate X-rays which are irradiated on the sample.

The electron optical tube is arranged between the electron optical tube and the target, and is used for changing the motion direction of the electron beam before the electron beam enters the target.

The target material mounting device comprises a mounting base, wherein at least one mounting position is arranged on the mounting base, and each mounting position is used for mounting different target materials.

Further, the first deflection device is connected with the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is connected with the driving mechanism.

In some alternative embodiments, the mount is provided with a cooling line for cooling the target.

In some optional embodiments, an X-ray detector is disposed below the sample stage.

In some optional embodiments, a vacuum chamber is connected to the lower end of the electron optical column, and the sample stage is located in the vacuum chamber and disposed below the electron optical column.

Further, the vacuum chamber is provided with a vacuum window corresponding to the lower part of the sample table.

Furthermore, an X-ray detector is arranged below the vacuum window.

In some optional embodiments, the sample stage is connected to the vacuum chamber through a lifting mechanism, and is configured to drive the sample stage to move up and down in the vacuum chamber.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.

According to the microscope provided by the invention, the movable target is arranged between the electron optical lens barrel and the sample stage, the scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical lens barrel can selectively act on the sample directly or act on the target to generate X rays, and the generated X rays irradiate on the sample. The sample is installed at one time, and the dual-function detection of the sample by the scanning electron microscope and the detection of the sample by the nano X-ray microscope is completed.

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention to the right. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a microscope target according to the present invention in a second position;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microscope target at a first position according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an electron optical lens barrel; 101. an electron source; 102. a second deflection device; 103. an objective lens system;

2. a mounting seat; 3. a drive mechanism; 4. a cooling pipeline; 5. a vacuum chamber; 6. a first deflection device; 7. a target material; 8. a sample; 9. a sample stage; 10. a lifting mechanism; 11. an X-ray detector; 12. a vacuum window.

It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are used for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a microscope according to the present invention includes an electron optical tube 1, a sample stage 9, a target 7, and a driving mechanism 3.

The electron optical column 1 is used for emitting scanning electron beams, the sample stage 9 is used for placing a sample 8, the target 7 is movably arranged between the electron optical column 1 and the sample stage 9, the driving mechanism 3 drives the target 7 to move at a first position and a second position, the first position is a position where the electron beams act on the sample 8, and the second position is a position where the electron beams act on the target 7 to generate X rays which irradiate on the sample 8.

When the driving mechanism 3 drives the target 7 to move to the first position, the scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical tube 1 can directly act on the sample 8, and the detection of the sample 8 by the scanning electron microscope is realized.

When the driving mechanism 3 drives the target 7 to move to the second position, the scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical tube 1 can act on the target 7 to generate X-rays, the generated X-rays irradiate on the sample 8, and the X-ray detector 11 is arranged below the sample stage 9. The detection of the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is realized. The scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical barrel 1 can generate a beam spot having a very small diameter, so that the X-ray microscope reaches a nanometer level.

By arranging the movable target 7 between the electron optical tube 1 and the sample stage 9, the scanning electron beam emitted from the electron optical tube 1 can selectively act on the sample 8 directly, or act on the target 7 to generate X-rays, and the generated X-rays irradiate the sample 8. The sample 8 is installed at one time, and the dual-function detection of the sample 8 by the scanning electron microscope and the detection of the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is completed.

The first position is a position where the scanning electron beam emitted from the electron optical column 1 does not act on the target 7 but acts on the sample 8, and the second position is a position where the scanning electron beam emitted from the electron optical column 1 can act on the target 7.

Specifically, the electron optical column 1 is used for generating an electron beam and emitting a scanning electron beam, and the electron optical column 1 includes an electron source 101, an electron acceleration structure, and an objective lens system 103.

The electron source 101 is for generating an emitted electron beam. The electron accelerating structure is an anode and is used for forming an electric field along the emission direction of the electron beams and increasing the movement speed of the electron beams. The objective lens system 103 is used for controlling the beam current size and the electron beam advancing direction of the electron beam emitted by the electron source 101.

The objective system 103 comprises an objective lens, which may be a magnetic lens, or an electric lens, or an electromagnetic compound lens, and a second deflection device 102. The second deflection means 102 may be a magnetic deflection means or an electrical deflection means. The second deflection unit 102 is used to change the moving direction of the electron beam emitted from the electron source 101, and can generate a scanning field with any deflection direction.

In some optional embodiments, because the electron beam acts on the target 7 to generate X-rays, heat is generated, the electron beam acts on the target 7 for a long time, a local area high temperature is generated at an acting point, which is easy to generate loss to the target 7, the electron optical tube 1 includes the second deflection device 102, because the action of the second deflection device 102 on the electron beam can change the moving direction of the electron beam, the electron optical tube 1 can emit scanning electron beams, the electron beams scan and act on the target 7 to generate X-rays, the acting point of the electron beams acting on the target 7 is constantly changed, the local area high temperature of the target 7 can be avoided, and the service life of the target 7 is prolonged.

The optical axis of the electron beam generated by the electron source 101 is the main optical axis, and the angle between the main optical axis and the electron beam before entering the target 7 is the incident angle.

The electron optical column 1 includes an objective lens for controlling the beam size of the electron beam, and in order to ensure that the electron beam is incident on the target 7 and generate more concentrated X-rays, the electron beam is focused by the objective lens, so that the beam spot position of the electron beam acts on the target 7.

Since the second deflecting device 102 is disposed in front of the objective lens, under the condition that the distance between the target 7 and the electron optical tube 1 is not changed, and on the premise that the beam spot position of the electron beam acts on the target 7, the angle adjustment range of the incident angle is limited, and if the incident angle is too large, the beam spot position of the electron beam is above the target 7, which may cause the generated X-ray not to be concentrated, and after the sample 8 is irradiated, the imaging aberration of the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is large and unclear.

In order to overcome the problems, clear imaging of the nano X-ray microscope is ensured, and aberration is reduced. The microscope provided by the invention also comprises a first deflection device 6, wherein the first deflection device 6 is arranged between the electron optical lens barrel 1 and the target 7 and is used for changing the motion direction of the electron beam before the electron beam enters the target 7. The first deflection means 6 may be a magnetic deflection means or an electrical deflection means.

The electron optical tube 1 emits a scanning electron beam, and the scanning electron beam passes through the first deflection device 6, and the first deflection device 6 changes the movement direction of the scanning electron beam and then enters the target 7. Before the scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical lens barrel 1 enters the target 7, the scanning electron beam before entering the target 7 is deflected and adjusted through the first deflection device 6, on the premise that the beam spot position of the electron beam acts on the target 7, the angle of the incident angle can be adjusted in a larger range, the scanning electron beam can enter the target 7 through a larger incident angle, the scanning electron beam before entering the target 7 can be adjusted conveniently, the generated X rays are ensured to be concentrated, after the scanning electron beam irradiates the sample 8, the nano X-ray microscope can clearly image the sample 8, and aberration can be reduced.

In some alternative embodiments, the microscope provided by the present invention further includes a mounting base 2, and at least one mounting position is disposed on the mounting base 2, and each mounting position is used for mounting a different target 7.

The target 7 is mounted on the mounting base 2, a plurality of mounting positions are arranged on the mounting base 2, each mounting position can be provided with one target 7, the plurality of mounting positions can be provided with targets 7 with different thicknesses, or targets 7 with different materials, scanning electron beams act on the targets 7 with different thicknesses, or targets 7 with different materials, the solid angles of generated X rays are different, the intensity of the X rays is different, and therefore different X rays can be generated to irradiate the sample 8.

The selection of the target 7 is determined according to the density of the sample 8. If the density of the sample 8 to be measured is high, the hardness of X-rays is required to be high, the ability to penetrate the object is required to be high, and an element with a high atomic number can be selected as the target 7. If the density of the tested sample 8 is low and the internal structure is loose, the hardness of X-ray is required to be small, the capability of penetrating the object is required to be small, and an element with a low atomic number can be selected as the target material 7.

Alternative targets 7 are: gold, tungsten, silver, rhodium, chromium, nickel and other elements with higher atomic numbers.

The skilled person can select targets 7 with different thicknesses or different materials to be mounted on corresponding mounting positions according to actual needs, and when any target 7 is needed, the driving mechanism 3 is controlled to drive the needed target 7 to the second position, and the scanning electron beam acting on the needed target 7 can generate needed X-ray to irradiate on the sample 8.

Further, the mounting base 2 is provided with a cooling pipeline 4 for cooling the target 7.

The mounting seat 2 is provided with a cooling pipeline 4, cooling liquid is introduced into the cooling pipeline 4, the cooling pipeline 4 is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the cooling liquid enters from the liquid inlet, heat for taking away the target 7 flows out from the liquid outlet, heat dissipation of the target 7 is achieved, and the service life of the target 7 is prolonged.

The cooling liquid can be water-soluble cooling liquid, emulsion, oil base, etc. Preferably, the cooling liquid is water.

In some alternative embodiments, the first deflection device 6 is connected to the mounting block 2, and the mounting block 2 is connected to the driving mechanism 3.

Specifically, the driving mechanism 3 may be a telescopic rod mechanism, or a hydraulic rod mechanism, a rotating mechanism, or other mechanical structures capable of driving the mounting base 2 to move or rotate.

First deflection device 6 sets up on mount pad 2, and first deflection device 6 is connected with mount pad 2, and actuating mechanism 3 is connected with mount pad 2, because first deflection device 6 links together with mount pad 2, when actuating mechanism 3 drive mount pad 2 removed, drives first deflection device 6 simultaneously and removes together, realizes that actuating mechanism 3 drives mount pad 2 and first deflection device 6 simultaneously and removes.

Alternatively, the present embodiment may include two driving mechanisms 3, a first driving mechanism connected to the mounting base 2, the first driving mechanism driving the movement of the mounting base 2 independently, a second driving mechanism connected to the first deflecting device 6, the second driving mechanism driving the movement of the first deflecting device 6 independently.

Optionally, the first deflection device 6 is disposed on the mounting base 2, the first deflection device 6 is connected to the mounting base 2, and the driving mechanism 3 is connected to the first deflection device 6, and since the first deflection device 6 is connected to the mounting base 2, when the driving mechanism 3 drives the first deflection device 6 to move, the driving mechanism 3 drives the mounting base 2 to move together, so that the driving mechanism 3 drives the mounting base 2 and the first deflection device 6 to move simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the microscope of the present invention includes an electron optical tube 1, a vacuum chamber 5 connected to a lower end of the electron optical tube 1, a sample stage 9 located in the vacuum chamber 5, and the sample stage 9 disposed below the electron optical tube 1. The vacuum chamber 5 is internally provided with a first deflection device 6 and a mounting seat 2 which are sequentially arranged between the electron optical lens barrel 1 and the sample stage 9, the mounting seat 2 is provided with a target 7, the first deflection device 6 is connected with the mounting seat 2, the driving mechanism 3 is connected with the mounting seat 2, and the driving mechanism 3 simultaneously drives the mounting seat 2 and the first deflection device 6 to move so as to drive the target 7 to move at a first position and a second position. The vacuum chamber 5 is provided with a vacuum window 12 below the sample stage 9. An X-ray detector 11 is arranged below the vacuum window 12. The sample stage 9 is connected with the vacuum chamber 5 through a lifting mechanism 10, and is used for driving the sample stage 9 to move up and down in the vacuum chamber 5.

As shown in fig. 1, when the driving mechanism 3 drives the first deflecting device 6 and the mounting base 2, so as to drive the target 7 to move to the second position, the function of detecting the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is realized.

Specifically, the electron beam generated by the electron source 101 passes through the electron acceleration structure, and the moving speed is increased. The electron beam accelerated by the electron acceleration structure is focused by the objective lens system 103 and moves downward after changing the movement direction, the electron optical tube 1 emits a scanning electron beam, and the scanning electron beam is incident on the target 7 after changing the movement direction of the scanning electron beam by the first deflection device 6 and the first deflection device 6. On the premise of ensuring that the beam spot position of the electron beam acts on the target 7, the first deflection device 6 can adjust the incident angle of the scanning electron beam incident on the target 7 in a large range. The electron beam is scanned to act on the target 7 to generate X rays, the action point of the electron beam acting on the target 7 is constantly changed, high temperature of the local area of the target 7 can be avoided, and the service life of the target 7 is prolonged.

Optionally, the mounting base 2 is provided with a cooling pipeline 4, cooling liquid is introduced into the cooling pipeline 4, the cooling pipeline 4 is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the cooling liquid enters from the liquid inlet, heat which is taken away from the target 7 flows out from the liquid outlet, heat dissipation of the target 7 is achieved, and the service life of the target 7 is prolonged.

The X-ray generated by the action of the scanning electron beam on the target material 7 is irradiated on a sample 8 placed on a sample table 9, the sample table 9 is of a hollow structure, the requirement of supporting the sample 8 to be placed on the sample table 9 is met, the requirement of X-ray transmission is also met, and preferably, the sample table 9 is made of aluminum or metal with a low atomic number such as magnesium.

Alternatively, the X-ray detector 11 may be disposed within the vacuum chamber 5, below the sample stage 9.

Alternatively, the vacuum chamber 5 is provided with a vacuum window 12 below corresponding to the sample stage 9. An X-ray detector 11 is arranged below the vacuum window 12. The vacuum window 12 may be a beryllium window or a glass window.

The scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical barrel 1 can generate a beam spot having a very small diameter, so that the X-ray microscope reaches a nanometer level. The detection of the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is realized.

As shown in fig. 2, when the driving mechanism 3 drives the first deflecting device 6 and the mounting base 2, so as to drive the target 7 to move to the first position, the function of detecting the sample 8 by the scanning electron microscope is realized.

Specifically, the electron beam generated by the electron source 101 passes through the electron acceleration structure, and the moving speed is increased. The electron beam accelerated by the electron acceleration structure is focused by the objective lens system 103 and moves downward after changing the moving direction, and the scanning electron beam emitted from the electron optical tube 1 acts on the sample 8. The electron beam acts on the sample 8 to generate secondary electrons, backscattered electrons, auger electrons, cathodoluminescence 5, X-rays, and the like. The function of detecting the sample 8 by the scanning electron microscope is realized by detecting through a corresponding electron detector or a photon detector.

Optionally, the sample stage 9 is connected to the vacuum chamber 5 through a lifting mechanism 10, and is configured to drive the sample stage 9 to move up and down in the vacuum chamber 5.

In order to keep higher resolution ratio of the scanning electron microscope, the imaging effect of the scanning electron microscope function is ensured. The lifting mechanism 10 can drive the sample stage 9 to move up and down in the vacuum chamber 5. Thereby driving the sample 8 placed on the sample stage 9 to move up and down in the vacuum chamber 5. So that the distance of the sample 8 from the electron optical column 1, i.e., the working distance of the scanning electron microscope, can be controlled.

In detail, the lifting mechanism 10 may be a telescopic rod mechanism, or a hydraulic rod mechanism, or other mechanical structures capable of driving the sample stage 9 to lift.

According to the microscope provided by the invention, the movable target 7 is arranged between the electron optical lens barrel 1 and the sample stage 9, and the scanning electron beam emitted by the electron optical lens barrel 1 selectively acts on the sample 8 directly or acts on the target 7 to generate X rays which are irradiated on the sample 8. The sample 8 is installed at one time, and the dual-function detection of the sample 8 by the scanning electron microscope and the detection of the sample 8 by the nano X-ray microscope is completed. And the electron beam is scanned to act on the target 7 to generate X rays, the action point of the electron beam acting on the target 7 is constantly changed, the high temperature of the local area of the target 7 can be avoided, and the service life of the target 7 is prolonged.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.