阅读说明：本技术 2-氨基-3-甲基己酸在促进植物生长和增产上的应用 (Application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting plant growth and increasing yield ) 是由 陈世国 王赫 谭伟明 汪靖 李晶晶 房婉萍 张裕 强胜 于 2021-08-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了2-氨基-3-甲基己酸在促进植物生长和增产上的应用。2-氨基-3-甲基己酸在促进植物幼苗生长和/或促进成熟植株生长和增产的应用。2-氨基-3-甲基己酸是一种天然产物,结构简单,易于工业化生产。由于本发明确认了2-氨基-3-甲基己酸能促进植物生长,具有开发成天然植物生长调节剂的潜力。2-氨基-3-甲基己酸为天然产物,用量低,对环境友好,对植物生长有显著的促进作用,因而是绿色高效的生物源植物生长调节剂,这指明了这类物质在农业生产上的利用价值和应用前景。(The invention discloses application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting plant growth and increasing yield. The application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting the growth of plant seedling and/or mature plant and increasing yield. The 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is a natural product, has simple structure and is easy for industrial production. The invention confirms that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can promote the growth of plants and has the potential of developing a natural plant growth regulator. The 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is a natural product, has low dosage, is environment-friendly, has obvious promotion effect on plant growth, is a green and efficient biological source plant growth regulator, and indicates the utilization value and application prospect of the substances in agricultural production.)

The application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting the growth of plant seedling and/or mature plant and increasing yield.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the use of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid to promote the development and growth of plant seedling roots by hydroponic treatment.

3. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the use of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid to promote the growth of young plants by foliar treatment.

4. Use according to claim 1, characterized by the use of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid to promote the growth and yield increase of mature plants by stem and leaf treatment.

5. Use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plant is selected from food crops, vegetables and fruits.

6. The use of claim 5, wherein the food crop is rice.

7. Use according to claim 5, wherein the vegetable is cucumber, tomato or pepper.

8. Use according to claim 5, wherein the fruit is strawberry.

The application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in preparing plant growth regulator.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural biopesticides and relates to application of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid in promoting plant growth and increasing yield.

Background

The growth and development of plants not only need the supply of light, water, nutrient substances and other resources, but also are regulated and controlled by the growth substances. Plant growth substances mainly include two main classes of plant hormones and growth regulators. The plant growth regulator is a compound which is artificially synthesized or extracted and has natural plant hormone physiological activity, can be used for regulating or controlling certain processes of plant growth and development, such as cell division and elongation, tissue and organ differentiation, seed dormancy and germination, flowering and fructification, maturity and aging and the like, so as to achieve the purposes of promoting or inhibiting seed germination, plant growth, fruit maturation, flower and fruit retention or flower and fruit thinning, improving plant immunity, helping plants resist adverse environments, relieving diseases, increasing crop yield, improving crop quality and the like. Because of its obvious and high-efficiency regulation effect, it has been extensively used in various fields of grain, fruit tree, forest, vegetable and flower, etc. At present, China becomes one of the most widely applied countries of the plant growth regulators in the world.

The plant growth regulator plays a great role in regulating and controlling the growth of crops, solves the problems that a plurality of traditional agricultural means cannot solve, makes important contribution to agricultural production and development in China, and becomes one of the main measures for increasing yield, improving quality and enhancing efficiency of agriculture. However, the plant growth regulator belongs to one of pesticides, has certain toxicity, still has wide food safety problems caused by blind and excessive use of the plant growth regulator, and has increasingly strict international limit standards for plant growth regulator residues. Therefore, the development of a low-toxicity, highly efficient and environmentally friendly plant growth regulator is particularly important.

2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (MIA) of empirical formula C₇H₁₅NO₂And the molecular weight is 145 g/mol, belongs to a novel amino acid compound, and is a colorless transparent crystal. There are 5 papers on the biological origin and activity of this compound. In 1981, Sugiura et al isolated 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid from an alpha-aminobutyrate-resistant mutant of Serratia marcescens (Serratia marcocens), which was found to be synthesized via alpha-ketovaleric acid by the isoleucine-valine biosynthetic pathway enzymes. In 1985, the team speculated that 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid might inhibit isoleucine biosynthesis. Biological activity studies show that 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid has a significant inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli K-12, and on bovine butyrobacter (Achromobacter butyricum), arthrobacter ureafaciens (a. ureafaciens), Escherichia coli B (e. coli B), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), but has no inhibitory effect on Bacillus aerogenes, Brevibacterium flavum (Brevibacterium helolum), Pseudomonas fluorescens (p. fluorcens), and serratia marcescens (s. processerins). In addition, Muramatsu et al discovered in 2002 that engineered Escherichia coli producing hirudin analogs are capable of synthesizing 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid, but their activities were not studied. In 2018, the chemical synthesis method of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is established in the laboratory of the applicant, and a patent 201810359759.7 is applied.

Recently, we successfully isolated and purified 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid from Alternata sp, which is one of the main saprophytic phytopathogenic fungi widely existing in nature. This is the first discovery that natural wild-type microorganisms are capable of producing 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid and have higher levels. The systematic research on the plant immunity and the resistance inducing activity of the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid shows that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can effectively inhibit the generation and the diffusion of viruses, fungi and bacteria on plant leaves in the aspect of resisting biotic stress; in the aspect of inducing plants to resist abiotic stress, the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can effectively relieve the damage of high temperature, low temperature, drought and salt to the plants; in the aspect of improving the quality, the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can improve the content of amino acid such as theanine of the tea; patents 202011549486.6 and 202110795699.5 have been filed. So far, the research on 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid has been very rare, and except for 3 patents applied by us, the rest of the research focuses on the biosynthesis pathway of the substance synthesized by bacterial mutants or recombinant engineered bacteria (non-natural microorganisms) and the direct inhibition of bacterial activity, and no relevant research, report and patent concerning plant growth regulators are involved, which is the novelty of the patent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid as a growth regulator for promoting plant growth and increasing yield.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting the growth of plant seedling and/or mature plant and increasing yield.

The application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting the growth of plant seedling by soaking seed.

The application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in promoting the generation and growth of plant seedling root system by water culture.

The 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can promote the growth of plant seedling through stem and leaf treatment.

The 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can promote the growth of mature plant and increase yield.

The plant is selected from food crops, vegetables and fruits. The grain crops are preferably rice, the vegetables are preferably cucumber, tomato and pepper, and the fruits are preferably strawberries.

Application of 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid in preparing plant growth regulator.

The prior related studies of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid have not been reported in the field of plant growth regulators. China is one of the most applied countries of plant growth regulators, and with the increasing emphasis of the public on food safety and health, the development of low-toxicity, high-efficiency and environment-friendly plant growth regulators is particularly important. Therefore, the development of natural plant growth regulators and the promotion of industrialization thereof have important meanings for guaranteeing food safety and improving the competitiveness of agricultural products. 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid performs well in related experiments promoting plant growth, and can promote plant growth and increase yield.

A method for using natural product 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid separated from plant pathogenic fungus Alternaria alternata for soaking seeds to promote the growth of plant seedlings, the details and the embodiment are as follows: in the concentration range of 10-1000nM, the growth of rice seedlings can be effectively promoted.

The method for promoting the rooting of the cucumber seedlings by using the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is characterized in that the cucumber seedlings are treated in a water culture mode within the concentration range of 10-1000nM, and the growth of the cucumber seedlings can be remarkably promoted; especially at a concentration of 100nM, the cucumber root length and lateral root number were increased by 199% and 241% respectively compared to the blank control.

The method for promoting the growth of the plant seedlings by using the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is characterized in that the growth of the plant seedlings can be remarkably promoted by spraying strawberry, tomato and pepper seedlings in a stem and leaf treatment mode within a concentration range of 10-1000nM (0.02 vol% of surfactant Tween 20 is added). The growth vigor of the plants is investigated after 9 days of drug application, and the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid treatment is found to remarkably increase the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the roots.

The method for promoting the growth and fruiting of the strawberries by using the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is characterized in that strawberry plants are sprayed in a stem and leaf treatment mode within the range of 100-1000nM (surfactant Tween 20 with the volume percentage of 0.02 percent is added), so that the growth and fruiting of the strawberries can be remarkably promoted. Particularly, when the treatment concentration is 1000nM, the plant height, leaf number and leaf width of the strawberry are respectively improved by 49%, 79% and 32%, the chlorophyll content is improved by 21%, and the quantity and quality of the single fruit are respectively improved by 39% and 44%.

Technical advancement and beneficial effects

The main advantages and positive effects of the invention are as follows:

the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is a natural product, has simple structure and is easy for industrial production. The invention confirms that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can promote the growth of plants and has the potential of developing a natural plant growth regulator.

The 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is a natural product, has low dosage, is environment-friendly, has obvious promotion effect on plant growth, is a green and efficient biological source plant growth regulator, and indicates the utilization value and application prospect of the substances in agricultural production.

The invention discovers that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can promote the growth and development of plants by seed soaking treatment and stem and leaf treatment. The 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is convenient to use, solves the production problem which cannot be solved by the traditional agricultural technology, and saves the production cost. In addition, 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid is a naturally-occurring metabolite with a simple structure, belongs to alpha-amino acid, has high environmental and biological safety, and belongs to the field of green and efficient biochemical pesticides.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the effect of seed soaking with 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid at different concentrations on rice seedling growth.

FIG. 2 Effect of hydroponic treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid of various concentrations on cucumber seedling rooting.

FIG. 32 Effect of shoot and leaf treatment with amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on strawberry seedling growth.

FIG. 42 Effect of shoot and leaf treatment with amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on tomato seedling growth.

FIG. 52 Effect of shoot and leaf treatment with amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on the growth of pepper seedlings.

FIG. 6 is a field application effect diagram of the influence of stem and leaf treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid with different concentrations on strawberry growth.

Detailed Description

The inventor carries out biological activity, application range and crop safety research on the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid, finds that the substance has a very unique effect on regulating and controlling crop growth, has the advantages of environmental friendliness, wide applicability, safety in use and the like, is a natural plant growth regulator, and has the potential of being developed into biopesticides. The essential features of the invention can be seen from the following examples and examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

Example 1: effect of seed soaking with 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on growth of Rice seedlings

Washing rice seeds (variety 'dengliangyou 2108') with distilled water, disinfecting with 75% alcohol for 3 minutes, washing with distilled water for 3 times, disinfecting with NaClO (5%) for about 10 minutes, taking out, washing with distilled water, and absorbing residual water on the surfaces of the seeds with clean filter paper until the surfaces are dry. Healthy, full and uniform seeds, 50g (g), are picked and placed in 100mL (milliliter) conical flasks. Adding 50mL of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 0, 10, 100 and 1000nM into each bottle, soaking for 5 days at room temperature, taking out, selecting 100 rice seeds to be tested with consistent germination states, uniformly sowing the rice seeds in a rice seedling raising tray, covering the rice seedling raising tray with sterile nutrient soil, placing the rice seedling tray in a culture room at 28 ℃, and measuring the plant height, the root length, the root fresh weight and the overground part fresh weight of the rice seedlings when 3 leaves and 1 heart of the rice seedlings are obtained.

Accurately shearing 0.1g of the rice leaves for measuring the chlorophyll content. Extracting with 10mL of acetone-ethanol (80% acetone: 95% ethanol, volume ratio 1:1) for 24 hours in dark. Diluting the chlorophyll extraction stock solution by 3 times with the extractive solution as reference solution, measuring the light intensity values of 645nm and 663nm wavelength with spectrophotometer, and calculating the chlorophyll content with the correction formula of Arnon method. The results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1.

Chl_a＝(12.71A₆₆₃-2.59A₆₄₅)×n×(v/m)

Chl_b＝(22.88A₆₄₅-4.67A₆₆₃)×n×(v/m)

Chl_t＝(8.04A₆₆₃+20.29A₆₄₅)×n×(v/m)

In the formula, Chl_a、Chl_b、Chl_tAre respectively asChlorophyll a, b and chlorophyll total concentration (mg/gfr); n is the dilution multiple; v is the volume of the extract (L); m is the weight (g) of the blade; a. the₆₆₃、A₆₄₅Absorbance values of 663 and 645nm, respectively.

TABLE 1 Effect of different concentrations of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid seed drench on Rice seedling growth

The results in table 1 and fig. 1 show that 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid with different concentrations of 10nM-1000nM can effectively promote the growth of rice seedlings, and the plant height, root length, root fresh weight and chlorophyll content of the rice seedlings are all significantly higher than those of a control group. When the concentrations are 10nM, 100nM and 1000nM respectively, the plant heights are respectively improved by 9%, 29% and 13%, the root lengths are respectively improved by 14%, 27% and 14%, the fresh weights of the roots are respectively improved by 18%, 109% and 58%, and the chlorophyll contents are respectively improved by 31%, 39% and 32%, compared with the blank control. With the best results at a concentration of 100 nM.

Example 2: effect of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on cucumber seedling rooting

To further study the root growth promoting effect of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid, a model system for studying root generation, a radicalized cucumber seedling system, was selected. Spreading four layers of wet gauze on the bottom of seedling box, selecting healthy cucumber seeds (variety "early summer autumn crown", Shandong Ningyang county Luming seed Co., Ltd.) with plump shape and uniform size, washing with distilled water, spreading on the gauze, and covering with four layers of wet gauze for keeping out of the sun. And (2) after 24 hours of light shielding in a culture room at 25 ℃, taking out the germinated cucumber seeds, burying the seeds in a position 1cm below soil, taking out a plurality of plants with consistent growth vigor and completely unfolded two cotyledons after 3 days, washing the roots with distilled water, cutting off radicles, fixing the plants with sponge strips, and placing the plants in a centrifuge tube box. 400mL of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid in water at concentrations of 0, 10, 100, and 1000nM were added to each box. The hydroponic plants were placed in a 25 ℃ culture room and after 6 days of light culture, taken out to measure and record root length and number of new roots.

TABLE 2 Effect of different concentrations of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on cucumber seedling rooting

As can be seen from Table 2 and FIG. 2, 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid at various concentrations ranging from 10nM to 1000nM was effective in promoting cucumber seedling growth, with the best effect of treatment with 100nM 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid. The cucumber root length increased by 33%, 199% and 154% compared to the blank control at concentrations of 10nM, 100nM and 1000nM, respectively; the root occurrence number is respectively improved by 182%, 241% and 153%. The result shows that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can remarkably promote the generation and growth of root systems of cucumber seedlings.

Example 3: effect of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid Stem and leaf treatment on growth of strawberry, tomato and Capsicum seedlings

In 2021, the test was carried out on a famous family farm (standard greenhouse nursery base) of Changshan flavor in Zhang Jiaotu city, Jiangsu province, wherein the strawberry variety to be tested is red, the tomato variety is millennium, and the pepper variety is Su jiao No. 5. Dissolving 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid in distilled water, diluting with distilled water to obtain solution of 100nM (14.5 μ g/L), setting blank control, and adding 0.02% Tween 20 as surfactant and 14-hydroxy brassinosteroid (Sichuan New Chaoyang company) with concentration of 37.5 μ g/L as control. Each treatment was set to three replicates, cell area 20m²The amount of the liquid sprayed per cell was 1L. The treatment method was foliar spray, and the results were investigated on day 9 after application, and are shown in table 3-table 5 and fig. 3-fig. 5.

TABLE influence of Stem and leaf treatment of 32-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on growth of strawberry seedlings

The results in table 3 and fig. 3 show that the stem and leaf spray treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid can significantly improve the plant height, root length and fresh root weight of strawberry seedlings compared with the blank control. When the dosage of the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is 14.5 mu g/L, the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 31 percent, 23 percent and 70 percent compared with a blank control (clear water +0.02 percent Tween 20), and the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 7 percent, 24 percent and 65 percent compared with 14-hydroxyl brassinol with the dosage of 37.5 mu g/L.

TABLE influence of Stem and leaf treatment of 42-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on growth of tomato seedlings

The results in table 4 and fig. 4 show that the stem and leaf spray treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid can significantly improve the plant height, root length and root fresh weight of tomato seedlings compared with the blank control. When the dosage of the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is 14.5 mu g/L, the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 84%, 38% and 232% compared with a blank control (clear water + 0.02% Tween 20); compared with 14-hydroxyl brassinosteroid with the dosage of 37.5 mu g/L, the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 76 percent, 18 percent and 16 percent.

TABLE 52 Effect of shoot and leaf treatment with amino-3-methylhexanoic acid on Capsicum annuum seedling growth

The results in table 5 and fig. 5 show that the stem and leaf spray treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid can significantly improve the plant height, root length and root fresh weight of pepper seedlings compared with the blank control. When the dosage of the 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is 14.5 mu g/L, the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 60 percent, 46 percent and 49 percent compared with a blank control (clear water and 0.02 percent of Tween 20); compared with 14-hydroxyl brassinosteroid with the dosage of 37.5 mu g/L, the plant height, the root length and the fresh weight of the root are respectively increased by 37 percent, 7 percent and 35 percent. In combination with the above results, 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid is effective in promoting the growth of young plants.

Example 4: effect of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid Stem and leaf treatment on growth of mature strawberry plants

The experiment was carried out in farm greenhouse of white rabbit town in sentence-appearance city, Jiangsu province on 2021, 2 months and 27 days, and the strawberry variety to be tested was red. Dissolving 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid in distilled water, diluting with distilled water to 1000nM and 100nM solution, setting blank control, and adding 0.02% Tween 20 as surfactant. Each treatment was set to three replicates, cell area 100m²The amount of liquid sprayed per cell was 4.5L. And (3) carrying out field application for three times respectively at 27 days 2 and 3 days 3 and 8 days 3 in 2021, wherein the treatment method comprises the steps of spraying on leaf surfaces, investigating at 8 days 3 and 8 days 3, and simultaneously shearing 0.2g of strawberry leaves for measuring the chlorophyll content, wherein the specific measuring method is shown in example 1, and the results are shown in tables 6-7 and 6.

TABLE 6 Effect of Stem and leaf treatment with 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid at various concentrations on strawberry growth

As is clear from Table 6 and FIG. 6, the growth promoting effect on strawberry plants was improved as the spray treatment concentration of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid stems and leaves was increased. Compared with a blank control, the plant height, the leaf number, the leaf width and the chlorophyll content of the strawberry plants treated by 1000nM 2-amino-3-methyl-hexanoic acid are respectively improved by 49%, 79%, 32% and 21%.

TABLE 7 influence of Stem and leaf treatment of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid at different concentrations on strawberry yield traits

As is clear from Table 7, the number of individual strawberry fruits and the number of fruits increased as the spray treatment concentration of 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid stems and leaves increased. The number and mass of single plants of strawberries treated with 1000nM 2-amino-3-methylhexanoic acid increased 39% and 44%, respectively, compared to the blank control. The result shows that the 2-amino-3-methyl caproic acid can obviously promote the growth of strawberry plants, improve the chlorophyll content and increase the fruit setting rate and yield of strawberries.

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