阅读说明：本技术 一种绝缘部件备用件的快速建模制造方法 (Rapid modeling manufacturing method for spare part of insulating part ) 是由 聂永杰 张逸凡 赵现平 谭向宇 王科 项恩新 邓云坤 傅明利 罗兵 侯帅 惠宝军 于 2021-09-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请提供的绝缘部件备用件的快速建模制造方法,采用激光三维扫描和工业计算机断层扫描结合的方法,获得绝缘部件的三维模型。在激光三维扫描中利用三角函数关系获得绝缘部件的外部轮廓数据,若绝缘部件表面存在自遮挡区域,通过移动激光扫描设备的位置可以对自遮挡区域进行补充扫描,进而获得完整的外部轮廓数据。根据绝缘部件备用件实际的应用环境选择相应的3D打印设备,若绝缘部件备用件的最高承受电压超过12kV采用立体光固化平台进行3D打印,获得的绝缘部件备用件成型精度高,内部缺陷少。本申请提供的绝缘部件备用件的快速建模制造方法采用三维扫描的方法建立模型,利用3D打印平台进行制造,流程简单,耗费时间少,提高了制造效率。(According to the rapid modeling and manufacturing method of the spare part of the insulating part, a three-dimensional model of the insulating part is obtained by combining laser three-dimensional scanning and industrial computer tomography. And if the surface of the insulating part has a self-shielding area, the self-shielding area can be subjected to supplementary scanning by moving the position of the laser scanning equipment, so that complete external contour data can be obtained. Corresponding 3D printing equipment is selected according to the practical application environment of the spare part of the insulating part, if the highest bearing voltage of the spare part of the insulating part exceeds 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a three-dimensional photocuring platform, the obtained spare part of the insulating part is high in forming precision, and internal defects are few. The rapid modeling and manufacturing method for the spare parts of the insulating parts, provided by the application, adopts a three-dimensional scanning method to establish the model, and adopts a 3D printing platform to manufacture, so that the flow is simple, the time consumption is low, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.)

1. A rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part is characterized by comprising the following steps:

scanning an insulating part to obtain three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part, comprising: carrying out laser three-dimensional scanning on the insulating component to obtain external contour data of the insulating component and carrying out industrial computer tomography scanning on the insulating component to obtain internal structure data of the insulating component;

establishing a three-dimensional model of the insulating part according to three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part, wherein the three-dimensional structure data comprises geometric dimension data, curve data and curved surface point cloud data;

guiding the three-dimensional model of the insulating part into a 3D printing platform for rapid molding and manufacturing to obtain a spare part of the insulating part;

and carrying out quality detection on the spare parts of the insulating parts.

2. The rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulation part spare part according to claim 1, wherein the laser three-dimensional scanning of the insulation part to obtain the outer contour data of the insulation part comprises:

step a 1: the laser scanning equipment emits scanning laser to the insulating component to obtain an emission angle of the scanning laser;

step a 2: receiving reflected light by using a sensor to obtain a reflection angle of the reflected light, wherein the reflected light is light reflected by the surface of the insulating component irradiated by the scanning laser;

step a 3: calculating the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the reflection point on the surface of the insulating part by utilizing a trigonometric function relation according to the emission angle, the reflection angle and the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the sensor;

step a 4: obtaining the coordinates of the reflecting points on the surface of the insulating part according to the emission angle and the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the reflecting points on the surface of the insulating part;

step a 5: changing the emission angle, repeating the steps a1-a4, and obtaining the coordinate set of the reflection point on the surface of the insulating part, thereby obtaining the external contour data of the insulating part.

3. The rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part according to claim 2, wherein laser three-dimensional scanning of the insulating part to obtain outer profile data of the insulating part further comprises:

analyzing external contour data of the insulating part, and if partial data is missing, judging that the insulating part has a self-shielding area;

and moving the position of the laser scanning equipment, and performing supplementary scanning on the self-shielding area of the insulating part.

4. The rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulation component spare part according to claim 1, wherein performing industrial computer tomography of the insulation component to obtain internal configuration data of the insulation component comprises:

step b 1: emitting scanning rays to the insulating component by an industrial computer tomography device;

step b 2: receiving attenuation rays by using a detector to obtain attenuation data, wherein the attenuation rays are rays of which the energy is attenuated after the scanning rays pass through the insulating component;

step b 3: according to the attenuation data and an image reconstruction algorithm, obtaining a tomography image of the scanning ray passing through the insulating component;

step b 4: changing the scanning position of the scanning ray, repeating the steps b1-b3, obtaining a tomography image set of the insulating component, and further obtaining internal construction data of the insulating component.

5. The rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulation component replacement part according to claim 1, wherein obtaining an insulation component replacement part comprises:

importing external contour data and internal construction data of the insulating component into a computer-aided manufacturing system to generate a three-dimensional model;

converting the three-dimensional model into a stereolithography STL file;

acquiring the highest withstand voltage of the spare part of the insulating part according to the application environment of the spare part of the insulating part;

selecting 3D printing equipment according to the highest bearing voltage of the insulating component;

and importing the stereolithography STL file into 3D printing equipment for printing and manufacturing.

6. The rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part according to claim 5, wherein selecting a 3D printing device according to the highest withstand voltage of the insulating part comprises:

if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is less than or equal to 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a melting accumulation platform or a three-dimensional photocuring platform or a powder sintering platform;

and if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is more than 12kV, performing 3D printing by adopting a three-dimensional photocuring platform.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of high-voltage equipment manufacturing, in particular to a rapid modeling and manufacturing method for an insulating part spare part.

Background

The power equipment is inevitably damaged by nature or manpower, so that the power grid is in failure during operation, and in order to improve the capability of quickly recovering a power grid system after the failure occurs and ensure the stable supply of power energy, the damaged power equipment needs to be quickly repaired. Repair of electrical equipment often requires replacement of damaged electrical equipment components with replacement parts in a timely manner. The types of the electric power equipment parts are numerous, the cost for storing and managing spare parts of the electric power equipment parts is high, and the spare parts cannot be found due to the fact that a part of the electric power equipment parts are stopped, so that a method for quickly manufacturing the spare parts of the electric power equipment parts is urgently needed.

The parts of the electric power equipment are classified into three types, i.e., a metal part, an auxiliary electronic device, and an insulating part, according to material and functional properties. Among them, the metal parts and the auxiliary electronic devices are rapidly manufactured along with the development of the manufacturing process. In the manufacturing of the insulating part, the typical processes of injection molding, pouring, vulcanization and the like need additional manufacturing of a mold, the preparation process flow is complex, and the manufacturing efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a rapid modeling and manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part, which aims to solve the problem of low manufacturing efficiency of the traditional insulating part.

The application provides a rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part, which comprises the following steps:

scanning an insulating part to obtain three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part, comprising: carrying out laser three-dimensional scanning on the insulating component to obtain external contour data of the insulating component and carrying out industrial computer tomography scanning on the insulating component to obtain internal structure data of the insulating component;

establishing a three-dimensional model of the insulating part according to three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part, wherein the three-dimensional structure data comprises geometric dimension data, curve data and curved surface point cloud data;

guiding the three-dimensional model of the insulating part into a 3D printing platform for rapid molding and manufacturing to obtain a spare part of the insulating part;

and carrying out quality detection on the spare parts of the insulating parts.

The three-dimensional model of the insulating part is obtained by adopting a method combining laser three-dimensional scanning and industrial computer tomography, and is manufactured in a 3D printing mode, so that the modeling time is reduced, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the laser three-dimensional scanning of the insulating member to obtain the outer profile data of the insulating member includes:

step a 1: the laser scanning equipment emits scanning laser to the insulating component to obtain an emission angle of the scanning laser;

step a 2: receiving reflected light by using a sensor to obtain a reflection angle of the reflected light, wherein the reflected light is light reflected by the surface of the insulating component irradiated by the scanning laser;

step a 3: calculating the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the reflection point on the surface of the insulating part by utilizing a trigonometric function relation according to the emission angle, the reflection angle and the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the sensor;

step a 4: obtaining the coordinates of the reflecting points on the surface of the insulating part according to the emission angle and the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the reflecting points on the surface of the insulating part;

step a 5: changing the emission angle, repeating the steps a1-a4, and obtaining the coordinate set of the reflection point on the surface of the insulating part, thereby obtaining the external contour data of the insulating part.

Preferably, the laser three-dimensional scanning of the insulating member to obtain the outer profile data of the insulating member further includes:

analyzing external contour data of the insulating part, and if partial data is missing, judging that the insulating part has a self-shielding area;

and moving the position of the laser scanning equipment, and performing supplementary scanning on the self-shielding area of the insulating part.

And data are acquired by utilizing the principle of laser triangulation ranging, so that the self-shielding area of the insulating part can be conveniently scanned by moving laser scanning equipment, and the complete external profile data of the insulating part is acquired.

Preferably, the industrial computer tomography of the insulating member to obtain the internal configuration data of the insulating member includes:

step b 1: emitting scanning rays to the insulating component by an industrial computer tomography device;

step b 2: receiving attenuation rays by using a detector to obtain attenuation data, wherein the attenuation rays are rays of which the energy is attenuated after the scanning rays pass through the insulating component;

step b 3: according to the attenuation data and an image reconstruction algorithm, obtaining a tomography image of the scanning ray passing through the insulating component;

step b 4: changing the scanning position of the scanning ray, repeating the steps b1-b3, obtaining a tomography image set of the insulating component, and further obtaining internal construction data of the insulating component.

Preferably, obtaining a spare part of the insulating member comprises:

importing external contour data and internal construction data of the insulating component into a computer-aided manufacturing system to generate a three-dimensional model;

converting the three-dimensional model into a stereolithography STL file;

acquiring the highest withstand voltage of the spare part of the insulating part according to the application environment of the spare part of the insulating part;

selecting 3D printing equipment according to the highest bearing voltage of the insulating component;

importing the stereolithography STL file into 3D printing equipment for printing and manufacturing;

preferably, selecting the 3D printing apparatus according to the highest withstand voltage of the insulating member includes:

if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is less than or equal to 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a melting accumulation platform or a three-dimensional photocuring platform or a powder sintering platform; and if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is more than 12kV, performing 3D printing by adopting a three-dimensional photocuring platform.

According to the rapid modeling and manufacturing method of the spare part of the insulating part, the method of combining laser three-dimensional scanning and industrial computer tomography is adopted, the external outline and internal structure data of the insulating part are obtained, and the scanning time and cost are saved. And if the surface of the insulating part has a self-shielding area, the self-shielding area can be subjected to supplementary scanning by moving the position of the laser scanning equipment, so that complete external contour data can be obtained. Corresponding 3D printing equipment is selected according to the practical application environment of the spare part of the insulating part, if the highest bearing voltage of the spare part of the insulating part exceeds 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a three-dimensional photocuring platform, the obtained spare part of the insulating part is high in forming precision, and internal defects are few. The rapid modeling and manufacturing method for the spare parts of the insulating parts, provided by the application, adopts a three-dimensional scanning method to establish the model, and adopts a 3D printing platform to manufacture, so that the flow is simple, the time consumption is low, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for rapid modeling of a spare part of an insulating member according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a three-dimensional laser scanning principle in this embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the self-shielding region of the insulating member in this embodiment.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.

The insulating parts of the power equipment in the power plant, such as the support insulator, the basin insulator, the cable joint, etc., play a role in insulating, supporting, isolating potential, etc. After the insulating part is damaged, the spare parts of the insulating part need to be used in time to replace the insulating part, a large number of spare parts of the insulating part usually exist in a power plant, and the management cost is high. And the insulating parts have a plurality of models, and with the development of an electric power system, part of the insulating parts have the problem of production halt. Therefore, the present embodiment provides a method for rapid modeling and manufacturing of an insulation component spare part, which utilizes a laser three-dimensional scanning device, an industrial computer tomography device and a computer aided manufacturing system to establish a three-dimensional model of the insulation component, and when the insulation component needs to be replaced, the three-dimensional model is introduced into a 3D printing device to perform rapid manufacturing of the insulation component spare part, wherein the 3D printing device is preferably selected from a melting and stacking platform, a three-dimensional light curing platform and a powder sintering platform according to the actual application environment of the insulation component spare part.

Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for rapidly modeling a spare part of an insulating part in this embodiment is shown.

The application provides a rapid modeling method for an insulating part spare part, which comprises the following steps:

s1: scanning an insulating part to obtain three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part;

and scanning the insulating part by adopting a method combining laser three-dimensional scanning and industrial computer tomography. Firstly, obtaining external contour data of the insulating part through laser three-dimensional scanning, and utilizing laser scanning equipment to emit scanning laser by the insulating part to obtain an emission angle of the scanning laser. And receiving the reflected light rays after the scanning laser irradiates the surface of the insulating part and is reflected by a sensor, and calculating to obtain the reflection angle of the reflected light rays. And knowing the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the sensor, calculating and obtaining the distance between the laser scanning equipment and the surface reflection point of the insulating part by utilizing a trigonometric function relation according to the emission angle and the reflection angle, and further obtaining the coordinate of the surface reflection point of the insulating part.

For example, referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a laser three-dimensional scanning principle is shown. The laser scanning device 1 emits scanning laser to the measured object 2 in the horizontal direction, the distance between the laser scanning device 1 and the sensor 3 is d, the angle between the reflected light received by the sensor 3 and the scanning laser is theta, and the distance L between the laser scanning device 1 and the surface reflection point of the measured object 2 is d/tan theta calculated according to the trigonometric function relationship. And establishing a coordinate system to further obtain the coordinates of the reflecting points on the surface of the measured object 2.

Changing the emission angle of the scanning laser to carry out circumferential scanning, repeating the process to obtain a coordinate set of reflection points on one contour line on the surface of the insulating part, then carrying out circumferential scanning from one end of the insulating part to the other end of the insulating part in sequence to obtain the coordinate sets of all the reflection points on the surface of the insulating part, and further obtaining the external contour data of the insulating part.

And analyzing the external contour data of the insulating part, and judging that the insulating part has a self-shielding area if data loss occurs, wherein the self-shielding area of the insulating part refers to an area surrounded by a dotted line part in the figure 3. At the moment, the position of the laser scanning equipment is moved, and the self-shielding area of the insulating part is subjected to supplementary scanning, so that complete external contour data of the insulating part is obtained.

And then carrying out industrial computer tomography on the insulating component to obtain internal construction data of the insulating component. The industrial computer tomography equipment emits scanning ray beams to the insulating part, attenuated ray beams of the scanning ray beams penetrate through the insulating part and are received by the detector, optical signals are converted into electric signals, and the electric signals are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion to obtain attenuation data. And according to the attenuation data and an image reconstruction algorithm, obtaining a tomography image of the scanning ray passing through the insulating component, wherein the tomography image comprises size data of the image. And sequentially scanning the scanning rays from one end to the other end of the insulating component, repeating the steps, obtaining a three-dimensional image formed by combining all the tomography images of the insulating component, and further obtaining internal structure data of the insulating component.

The external contour of the insulating part is obtained by adopting laser three-dimensional scanning, the imaging speed is high, and the internal structure which cannot be penetrated by laser adopts industrial computer tomography. The imaging precision of the industrial computed tomography is higher, but the speed is lower than that of laser three-dimensional scanning, if the method of the industrial computed tomography is adopted to obtain the external contour and the internal structure of the insulating part, two or more times of scanning is needed, and the time cost is higher. The two are combined for use, so that the measurement accuracy is kept, and the measurement efficiency is improved.

S2: establishing a three-dimensional model of the insulating part according to the three-dimensional structure data of the insulating part;

the external contour data and the internal construction data of the insulating part comprise geometric dimension data, curve data, curved surface point cloud data and the like, the data are input into a computer aided manufacturing system to generate a three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model is converted into a stereolithography STL file.

S3: guiding the three-dimensional model of the insulating part into a 3D printing platform for rapid molding and manufacturing to obtain a spare part of the insulating part;

when the insulating part of the power equipment is damaged and needs to be replaced, the 3D printing equipment is selected according to the highest voltage which needs to be borne by the practical application environment of the spare part of the insulating part. And if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is less than or equal to 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a melting accumulation platform or a three-dimensional photocuring platform or a powder sintering platform, and if the highest bearing voltage of the insulating part is more than 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting the three-dimensional photocuring platform. And the three-dimensional photocuring platform is adopted for printing, so that the obtained spare part of the insulating part has high molding precision and few internal defects. And importing the stereolithography STL file into the selected 3D printing platform to rapidly manufacture the spare parts of the insulating parts.

S4: detecting the quality of the spare parts of the insulating parts;

the quality test is carried out on the insulating part according to the standards of DL/T404, DL/T593, GB11022, GB/T7354 and the like, and the insulating part is subjected to an insulation level test, a mechanical strength test and the like.

The following is a specific embodiment of the above steps S1-S4. In power equipment, taking a switch cabinet supporting insulator as an example, the supporting insulator is easy to damage, large in usage amount and high in demand, along with the expansion of the scale of a power system, models are more and more diversified, and in order to reduce storage pressure and management cost, the supporting insulator needs to be quickly manufactured.

In this embodiment, the maximum withstand voltage of the support insulator is 10 kV. And for the external contour of the supporting insulator, adopting a HandySCAN BLACK type three-dimensional scanner of the Guangzhou electronic technology research institute of Chinese academy of sciences to carry out laser three-dimensional scanning on the supporting insulator to obtain an external contour model of the supporting insulator. The height of the support insulator obtained by scanning is 129.86mm, the outer diameter is 64.93mm, and actually the height of the support insulator is 130mm, and the outer diameter is 65 mm. The size error of the supporting insulator obtained by scanning is smaller than 0.2mm, the scanning precision is high, and the actual engineering requirements are met.

For the internal structure of the supporting insulator, a CT-MINI system of Saimi material technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd is adopted to carry out industrial computed tomography on the supporting insulator, so as to obtain a tomography image. The aperture of the inner insert of the supporting insulator obtained through scanning is 9.89mm, and the aperture of the actual inner insert is 10 mm. The size error of the inner insert of the supporting insulator obtained by scanning is smaller than 0.2mm, the scanning precision is high, and the actual engineering requirements are met.

And importing the data obtained by scanning into a computer-aided manufacturing system, and processing to obtain the three-dimensional model of the insulator. And leading the three-dimensional model into 3D printing equipment to obtain the supporting insulator spare part. For example, the quality of the support insulator spare part is detected, and the results are as follows:

the power frequency alternating current, the lightning impulse and the partial discharge of the supporting insulator all meet the standard requirements, and the supporting insulator can be put into practical engineering application.

The application provides a rapid modeling manufacturing method of an insulating part spare part, which adopts laser three-dimensional scanning to obtain external contour data of the insulating part, adopts industrial computer tomography to obtain internal structure data of the insulating part, and saves scanning time and cost. And if the surface of the insulating part has a self-shielding area, the self-shielding area can be subjected to supplementary scanning by moving the position of the laser scanning equipment, so that complete external contour data can be obtained. Corresponding 3D printing equipment is selected according to the practical application environment of the spare part of the insulating part, if the highest bearing voltage of the spare part of the insulating part exceeds 12kV, 3D printing is carried out by adopting a three-dimensional photocuring platform, the obtained spare part of the insulating part is high in forming precision, and internal defects are few. The rapid modeling and manufacturing method for the spare parts of the insulating parts, provided by the application, adopts a three-dimensional scanning method to establish the model, and adopts a 3D printing platform to manufacture, so that the flow is simple, the time consumption is low, and the manufacturing efficiency is improved.

The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.